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Wang Q, Yu S, Ye Q, Yang B, Zhang Y, Wang X, Li L. Controlled Preparation of Highly Stretchable, Crack-Free Wrinkled Surfaces with Tunable Wetting and Optical Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2102-2110. [PMID: 38227966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Constructing wrinkles by utilizing strain-driven surface instability in film-substrate systems is a general method to prepare micronano structures, which have a wide range of applications in smart surfaces and devices such as flexible electronics, reversible wetting, friction, and optics. However, cracks generated during the preparation and use process significantly affect the uniformity of wrinkled surfaces and degrade the functional properties of the film devices. The realization of crack-free wrinkles with high stretchability in hard film systems is still a great challenge. Here, we report on a facile technique for controllable preparation of large-area, highly stretchable, crack-free wrinkled surfaces by ultraviolet ozone (UVO) treatment of Ecoflex. The thickness dependence of the wrinkles and the in situ wrinkling process during mechanical loading are investigated. The wrinkles including striped, labyrinth-like, herringbone, and transitional structures are controllable by changing strain mode (uniaxial or biaxial), loading history (simultaneous or sequential), strain anisotropy, and gradient loading. The wrinkled surfaces obtained using UVO-treated Ecoflex have tunable wetting and optical properties and can maintain excellent mechanical stability under large strains. This study provides a facile method for the preparation of large-area, crack-free wrinkles, which is simple, fast, low-cost, and robust. The resulting wrinkled surfaces remain stable under high stretching, which is beneficial for many practical applications, especially in the cases of large strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaofan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Senjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yongju Zhang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Lingwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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Liu N, Sun Q, Yang Z, Shan L, Wang Z, Li H. Wrinkled Interfaces: Taking Advantage of Anisotropic Wrinkling to Periodically Pattern Polymer Surfaces. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207210. [PMID: 36775851 PMCID: PMC10131883 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Periodically patterned surfaces can cause special surface properties and are employed as functional building blocks in many devices, yet remaining challenges in fabrication. Advancements in fabricating structured polymer surfaces for obtaining periodic patterns are accomplished by adopting "top-down" strategies based on self-assembly or physico-chemical growth of atoms, molecules, or particles or "bottom-up" strategies ranging from traditional micromolding (embossing) or micro/nanoimprinting to novel laser-induced periodic surface structure, soft lithography, or direct laser interference patterning among others. Thus, technological advances directly promote higher resolution capabilities. Contrasted with the above techniques requiring highly sophisticated tools, surface instabilities taking advantage of the intrinsic properties of polymers induce surface wrinkling in order to fabricate periodically oriented wrinkled patterns. Such abundant and elaborate patterns are obtained as a result of self-organizing processes that are rather difficult if not impossible to fabricate through conventional patterning techniques. Focusing on oriented wrinkles, this review thoroughly describes the formation mechanisms and fabrication approaches for oriented wrinkles, as well as their fine-tuning in the wavelength, amplitude, and orientation control. Finally, the major applications in which oriented wrinkled interfaces are already in use or may be prospective in the near future are overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Qichao Sun
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Zhensheng Yang
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Linna Shan
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Hao Li
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
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Wawryk MM, Turpin GA, Tabor RF. Surface defects on wrinkled PDMS induce droplet anisotropy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ren J, Duan F. Recent progress in experiments for sessile droplet wetting on structured surfaces. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2021.101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lee H, Chae S, Yi A, Kim HJ. Hydrophobic stretchable polydimethylsiloxane films with wrinkle patterns prepared via a metal‐assisted chemical etching process using a Si master mold. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanbin Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Chae
- School of Chemical Engineering Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Ahra Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
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Surrogate Models for Studying the Wettability of Nanoscale Natural Rough Surfaces Using Molecular Dynamics. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13112770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A molecular modeling methodology is presented to analyze the wetting behavior of natural surfaces exhibiting roughness at the nanoscale. Using atomic force microscopy, the surface topology of a Ketton carbonate is measured with a nanometer resolution, and a mapped model is constructed with the aid of coarse-grained beads. A surrogate model is presented in which surfaces are represented by two-dimensional sinusoidal functions defined by both an amplitude and a wavelength. The wetting of the reconstructed surface by a fluid, obtained through equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, is compared to that observed by the different realizations of the surrogate model. A least-squares fitting method is implemented to identify the apparent static contact angle, and the droplet curvature, relative to the effective plane of the solid surface. The apparent contact angle and curvature of the droplet are then used as wetting metrics. The nanoscale contact angle is seen to vary significantly with the surface roughness. In the particular case studied, a variation of over 65° is observed between the contact angle on a flat surface and on a highly spiked (Cassie–Baxter) limit. This work proposes a strategy for systematically studying the influence of nanoscale topography and, eventually, chemical heterogeneity on the wettability of surfaces.
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Tan Y, Hu B, Song J, Chu Z, Wu W. Bioinspired Multiscale Wrinkling Patterns on Curved Substrates: An Overview. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:101. [PMID: 34138101 PMCID: PMC7770713 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00436-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The surface wrinkling of biological tissues is ubiquitous in nature. Accumulating evidence suggests that the mechanical force plays a significant role in shaping the biological morphologies. Controlled wrinkling has been demonstrated to be able to spontaneously form rich multiscale patterns, on either planar or curved surfaces. The surface wrinkling on planar substrates has been investigated thoroughly during the past decades. However, most wrinkling morphologies in nature are based on the curved biological surfaces and the research of controllable patterning on curved substrates still remains weak. The study of wrinkling on curved substrates is critical for understanding the biological growth, developing three-dimensional (3D) or four-dimensional (4D) fabrication techniques, and creating novel topographic patterns. In this review, fundamental wrinkling mechanics and recent advances in both fabrications and applications of the wrinkling patterns on curved substrates are summarized. The mechanics behind the wrinkles is compared between the planar and the curved cases. Beyond the film thickness, modulus ratio, and mismatch strain, the substrate curvature is one more significant parameter controlling the surface wrinkling. Curved substrates can be both solid and hollow with various 3D geometries across multiple length scales. Up to date, the wrinkling morphologies on solid/hollow core-shell spheres and cylinders have been simulated and selectively produced. Emerging applications of the curved topographic patterns have been found in smart wetting surfaces, cell culture interfaces, healthcare materials, and actuators, which may accelerate the development of artificial organs, stimuli-responsive devices, and micro/nano fabrications with higher dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlong Tan
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Biru Hu
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Song
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengyong Chu
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenjian Wu
- College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China.
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Shrestha R, Yu B, Yang Q, Gong W, Shen S. Hierarchical Micro-Nanostructured Surfaces for Isotropic/Anisotropic Liquid Transport. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:1569-1573. [PMID: 31971395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The control of liquid transport using hierarchical micro-nanostructured surfaces is of significant interest for a broad range of applications, including thermal management, digital lab-on-chip, self-cleaning surfaces, antifogging, and water harvesting, among others. Although a variety of fabrication techniques can be utilized to produce micro/nanostructured patterns for controlling liquid transport, each sample usually needs to be patterned and developed separately, making the micro/nanofabrication process tedious and expensive. Here, based on scalable template stripping and chemical oxidation techniques, we demonstrate hierarchical micro-nanostructured surfaces for isotropic or anisotropic liquid transport. Furthermore, the overall structure is thin and flexible, making it ideal for applications where geometry and weight are constrained, such as aerospace, flexible, and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Shrestha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Bowen Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Sheng Shen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
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Rose MA, Bowen JJ, Morin SA. Emergent Soft Lithographic Tools for the Fabrication of Functional Polymeric Microstructures. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:909-925. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201801140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Rose
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
| | - John J. Bowen
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
| | - Stephen A. Morin
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
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Jung WB, Yun GT, Kim Y, Kim M, Jung HT. Relationship between Hydrogen Evolution and Wettability for Multiscale Hierarchical Wrinkles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:7546-7552. [PMID: 30694642 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are emerging two-dimensional materials with potential use for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) because they express a desired binding energy with protons. To date, TMD-based HER catalytic performance has been enhanced mostly by chemical modification, such as introducing defects, doping, and phase control. Herein, we enhanced the HER performance by precise control of wettability via hierarchical wrinkling. This hierarchical wrinkling confers tunability of the receding contact angle (2-30°) by controlling the wavelength of the hierarchical wrinkles. Minimization of the receding contact angle is directly related to overpotential reduction on the MoS2 wrinkles through gas detachment from the catalytic surface. Unlike in previous studies, in this work, we demonstrated the effect of wettability only without changing other parameters such as surface chemistry. We showed that our method can be applied to other TMD materials such as WS2. This study will contribute to future TMD-based catalyst applications, such as hydrogen evolution, CO2 reduction, and oxygen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Bin Jung
- National Laboratory for Organic Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , South Korea
| | - Geun-Tae Yun
- National Laboratory for Organic Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , South Korea
| | - Yesol Kim
- National Laboratory for Organic Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , South Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- National Laboratory for Organic Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , South Korea
| | - Hee-Tae Jung
- National Laboratory for Organic Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , South Korea
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Tie L, Li J, Guo Z, Liang Y, Liu W. Anisotropic wetting properties of trapezoidal profile surfaces with hierarchical stripes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Yu S, Sun Y, Li S, Ni Y. Harnessing fold-to-wrinkle transition and hierarchical wrinkling on soft material surfaces by regulating substrate stiffness and sputtering flux. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:6745-6755. [PMID: 30062332 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01287c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Strain-induced complex surface patterns such as wrinkles, folds and hierarchical structures are quite useful in a wide range of practical applications. Although various surface patterns have been extensively investigated, precisely controlling the coexistence and transition of multimodal structures is still a challenge. In this work, we report on a facile technique to harness fold-to-wrinkle transition and hierarchical wrinkling on soft material surfaces by regulating substrate stiffness and sputtering flux. It is found that as the substrate stiffness or sputtering flux increases, the surface patterns successively evolve from networked folds to isolated folds (coexistence of folds and wrinkles) and finally to labyrinth-like wrinkles. For larger sputtering flux, two distinct wrinkling patterns (i.e., G1 wrinkling due to surface instability during sputtering and G2 wrinkling due to thermal compression after deposition) can coexist on the sample surfaces, resulting in the spontaneous formation of hierarchical wrinkles. The report in this work could promote better understanding of the sputtering effect on the spontaneous pattern formation for soft materials and controllable fabrication of multiple complex patterns by simply regulating substrate stiffness and sputtering flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senjiang Yu
- Innovative Center for Advanced Materials (ICAM), Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China.
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