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Snyder D, Emrick T. Embedding Thiols into Choline Phosphate Polymer Zwitterions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300690. [PMID: 38207336 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The compositional scope of polymer zwitterions has grown significantly in recent years and now offers designer synthetic materials that are broadly applicable across numerous areas, including supracolloidal structures, electronic materials interfaces, and macromolecular therapeutics. Among recent developments in polymer zwitterion syntheses are those that allow insertion of reactive functionality directly into the zwitterionic moiety, yielding new monomer and polymer structures that hold potential for maximizing the impact of zwitterions on the macromolecular materials chemistry field. This manuscript describes the preparation of zwitterionic choline phosphate (CP) methacrylates containing either aromatic or aliphatic thiols embedded directly into the zwitterionic moiety. The polymerization of these functional CP methacrylates by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer methodology yields polymeric zwitterionic thiols containing protected thiol functionality in the zwitterionic units. After polymerization, the protected thiols are liberated to yield thiol-rich polymer zwitterions which serve as precursors to subsequent reactions that produce polymer networks as well as polymer-protein bioconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Snyder
- Polymer Science & Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science & Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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Zhang R, Yu J, Guo Z, Jiang H, Wang C. Camptothecin-based prodrug nanomedicines for cancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17658-17697. [PMID: 37909755 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04147f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) is a cytotoxic alkaloid that attenuates the replication of cancer cells via blocking DNA topoisomerase 1. Despite its encouraging and wide-spectrum antitumour activity, its application is significantly restricted owing to its instability, low solubility, significant toxicity, and acquired tumour cell resistance. This has resulted in the development of many CPT-based therapeutic agents, especially CPT-based nanomedicines, with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Specifically, smart CPT-based prodrug nanomedicines with stimuli-responsive release capacity have been extensively explored owing to the advantages such as high drug loading, improved stability, and decreased potential toxicity caused by the carrier materials in comparison with normal nanodrugs and traditional delivery systems. In this review, the potential strategies and applications of CPT-based nanoprodrugs for enhanced CPT delivery toward cancer cells are summarized. We appraise in detail the chemical structures and release mechanisms of these nanoprodrugs and guide materials chemists to develop more powerful nanomedicines that have real clinical therapeutic capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renshuai Zhang
- Cancer Institute of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China.
| | - Jing Yu
- Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhu Guo
- Cancer Institute of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China.
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Hongfei Jiang
- Cancer Institute of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Cancer Institute of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China.
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Wang X, Zhuang Y, Wang Y, Jiang M, Yao L. The recent developments of camptothecin and its derivatives as potential anti-tumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115710. [PMID: 37595544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
This review article focuses on the research progress made in the structural modifications of camptothecin (CPT), a potent cytotoxic natural alkaloid. CPT possesses a unique 5-fused ring structure and exhibits various beneficial activities such as anti-proliferative, anti-fungal, insecticidal, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties. CPT and its analogs, including Topotecan and Irinotecan, have been successfully developed and marketed as topoisomerase I inhibitors. To enhance the therapeutic potential of CPT, researchers have undertaken structural modifications primarily on the A, B, and E rings of the CPT core structure. These modifications aim to improve the efficacy, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties of CPT derivatives. The article reviews the advancements in hybridizing CPT with other bioactive compounds, the synthesis of novel CPT analogs, and their associated biological activities. Moreover, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of these modified CPT derivatives is summarized to gain insights into their structure-function correlations. In addition to discussing the modifications and biological activities of CPT derivatives, the article also touches upon the mechanism of parent drug release. Many CPT derivatives are prodrugs, meaning they require metabolic activation to generate the active form of the drug. It is a resource for researchers interested in developing novel anti-tumor agents based on CPT, addressing the limitations associated with the parent drug, and exploring various aspects of CPT modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Yumeng Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Yuankun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Maokai Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Lei Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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Najjari Z, Sadri F, Varshosaz J. Smart stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems in spotlight of COVID-19. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100873. [PMID: 38173712 PMCID: PMC10762358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The world has been dealing with a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) since the end of 2019, which threatens the lives of many people worldwide. COVID-19 causes respiratory infection with different symptoms, from sneezing and coughing to pneumonia and sometimes gastric symptoms. Researchers worldwide are actively developing novel drug delivery systems (DDSs), such as stimuli-responsive DDSs. The ability of these carriers to respond to external/internal and even multiple stimuli is essential in creating "smart" DDS that can effectively control dosage, sustained release, individual variations, and targeted delivery. To conduct a comprehensive literature survey for this article, the terms "Stimuli-responsive", "COVID-19″ and "Drug delivery" were searched on databases/search engines like "Google Scholar", "NCBI", "PubMed", and "Science Direct". Many different types of DDSs have been proposed, including those responsive to various exogenous (light, heat, ultrasound and magnetic field) or endogenous (microenvironmental changes in pH, ROS and enzymes) stimuli. Despite significant progress in DDS research, several challenging issues must be addressed to fill the gaps in the literature. Therefore, this study reviews the drug release mechanisms and applications of endogenous/exogenous stimuli-responsive DDSs while also exploring their potential with respect to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Najjari
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadri
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Wang F, Li J, Lu L, Yan X, Xie Z, Qi D. Novel Strategy for the Synthesis of Polymer/Pigment Hybrid Latex via Sulfur-Free RAFT-Mediated Emulsion Polymerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenping Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaofei Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ziwen Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dongming Qi
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Kadirkhanov J, Zhong F, Zhang W, Hong C. Preparation of Multi-chambered Vesicles by Polymerization-induced Self-assembly and the Influence of Solvophilic Fragments in the Core-forming Blocks. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22030128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yang CL, Zhong F, Pan CY, Zhang WJ, Hong CY. Influence of Solvent on RAFT-mediated Polymerization of Benzyl Methacrylate (BzMA) and How to Overcome the Thermodynamic/Kinetic Limitation of Morphology Evolution during Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00198e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has been demonstrated to be a powerful strategy to produce polymeric nano-objects of various morphologies. Dependent on the solubility of monomers, PISA is usually classified into two...
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Pan P, Svirskis D, Rees SWP, Barker D, Waterhouse GIN, Wu Z. Photosensitive drug delivery systems for cancer therapy: Mechanisms and applications. J Control Release 2021; 338:446-461. [PMID: 34481021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the past three decades, various photosensitive nanoparticles have been developed as potential therapies in human health, ranging from photodynamic therapy technologies that have already reached clinical use, to drug delivery systems that are still in the preclinical stages. Many of these systems are designed to achieve a high spatial and temporal on-demand drug release via phototriggerable mechanisms. This review examines the current clinical and experimental applications in cancer treatment of photosensitive drug release systems, including nanocarriers such as liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, and hydrogels. We will focus on the three main physicochemical mechanisms of imparting photosensitivity to a delivery system: i) photochemical reactions (oxidation, cleavage, and polymerization), ii) photoisomerization, iii) and photothermal reactions. Photosensitive nanoparticles have a multitude of different applications including controlled drug release, resulting from physical/conformational changes in the delivery systems in response to light of specific wavelengths. Most of the recent research in these delivery systems has primarily focused on improving the efficacy and safety of cancer treatments such as photodynamic and photothermal therapy. Combinations of multiple treatment modalities using photosensitive nanoparticulate delivery systems have also garnered great interest in combating multi-drug resistant cancers due to their synergistic effects. Finally, the challenges and future potential of photosensitive drug delivery systems in biomedical applications is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Darren Svirskis
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shaun W P Rees
- School of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - David Barker
- School of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Geoffrey I N Waterhouse
- School of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Zimei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Kandasamy G, Maity D. Multifunctional theranostic nanoparticles for biomedical cancer treatments - A comprehensive review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112199. [PMID: 34225852 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Modern-day search for the novel agents (their preparation and consequent implementation) to effectively treat the cancer is mainly fuelled by the historical failure of the conventional treatment modalities. Apart from that, the complexities such as higher rate of cell mutations, variable tumor microenvironment, patient-specific disparities, and the evolving nature of cancers have made this search much stronger in the latest times. As a result of this, in about two decades, the theranostic nanoparticles (TNPs) - i.e., nanoparticles that integrate therapeutic and diagnostic characteristics - have been developed. The examples for TNPs include mesoporous silica nanoparticles, luminescence nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, and magnetic nanoparticles. These TNPs have emerged as single and powerful cancer-treating multifunctional nanoplatforms, as they widely provide the necessary functionalities to overcome the previous/conventional limitations including lack of the site-specific delivery of anti-cancer drugs, and real-time continuous monitoring of the target cancer sites while performing therapeutic actions. This has been mainly possible due to the association of the as-developed TNPs with the already-available unique diagnostic (e.g., luminescence, photoacoustic, and magnetic resonance imaging) and therapeutic (e.g., photothermal, photodynamic, hyperthermia therapy) modalities in the biomedical field. In this review, we have discussed in detail about the recent developments on the aforementioned important TNPs without/with targeting ability (i.e., attaching them with ligands or tumor-specific antibodies) and also the strategies that are implemented to increase their tumor accumulation and to enhance their theranostic efficacies for effective biomedical cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganeshlenin Kandasamy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Dipak Maity
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India.
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Peng W, Cai Y, Fanslau L, Vana P. Nanoengineering with RAFT polymers: from nanocomposite design to applications. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01172c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is a powerful tool for the precise formation of macromolecular building blocks that can be used for the construction of well-defined nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Peng
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yingying Cai
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luise Fanslau
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Zhang Y, Xu C, Yang X, Pu K. Photoactivatable Protherapeutic Nanomedicine for Cancer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002661. [PMID: 32667701 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic systems with site-specific pharmaceutical activation hold great promise to enhance therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity in cancer therapy. With operational flexibility, noninvasiveness, and high spatiotemporal resolution, photoactivatable nanomedicines have drawn growing attention. Distinct from traditional controlled release systems relying on the difference of biomarker concentrations between disease and healthy tissues, photoactivatable nanomedicines capitalize on the interaction between nanotransducers and light to either trigger photochemical reactions or generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) or heat effect to remotely induce pharmaceutical actions in living subjects. Herein, the recent advances in the development of photoactivatable protherapeutic nanoagents for oncology are summarized. The design strategies and therapeutic applications of these nanoagents are described. Representative examples of each type are discussed in terms of structure, photoactivation mechanism, and preclinical models. Last, potential challenges and perspectives to further develop photoactivatable protherapeutic nanoagents in cancer nanomedicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- National Research Centre for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Xu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Research Centre for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
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Zhao X, Chen M, Zhang W, Wang C, Wang F, You Y, Zhang W, Hong C. Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly to Produce Prodrug Nanoparticles with Reduction‐Responsive Camptothecin Release and pH‐Responsive Charge‐Reversible Property. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000260. [PMID: 32648310 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Miao Chen
- Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi’an Shanxi 710065 China
| | - Wei‐Guo Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan 453100 China
| | - Chang‐Hui Wang
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Fei Wang
- Neurosurgical DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230036 China
| | - Ye‐Zi You
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Wen‐Jian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Chun‐Yan Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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Zhang A, Jung K, Li A, Liu J, Boyer C. Recent advances in stimuli-responsive polymer systems for remotely controlled drug release. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Li Q, Cao J, Wang Q, Zhang J, Zhu S, Guo Z, Zhu WH. Nanomized tumor-microenvironment-active NIR fluorescent prodrug for ensuring synchronous occurrences of drug release and fluorescence tracing. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1503-1509. [PMID: 32255021 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03188f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Improving the bioavailability and tumor-targeting ability of a prodrug, as well as monitoring its active ingredient release in vivo, is still a challenge in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Herein, a specific nanomized tumor-microenvironment-active near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent DCM-S-GEM/PEG prodrug was developed as a potent monitoring platform, wherein we conjugated antitumor drug gemcitabine (GEM) and NIR fluorescent chromophore dicyanomethylene-4H-pyran (DCM) via glutathione (GSH)-activatable disulfide linker and encapsulated DCM-S-GEM into an amphiphilic polymer DSPE-mPEG by self-assembly. The nanomized DCM-S-GEM/PEG prodrug exhibits excellent photostability and high biocompatibility, significantly improving the therapeutic efficacy toward lung tumor cells with fewer side-effects toward normal cells. Furthermore, when compared with the standalone DCM-S-GEM prodrug, the micellization with diblock DSPE-mPEG avoids fast metabolism, facilitates the accumulation of drugs in lung tumor tissues, displays longer tumor retention, and realizes precise drug release in lung tumors. The nanomized DCM-S-GEM/PEG prodrug can be developed as a promising tool to monitor prodrug delivery and activation processes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Preparation of pH- and reductive-responsive prodrug nanoparticles via polymerization-induced self-assembly. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9268-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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