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Culletta G, Buttari B, Arese M, Brogi S, Almerico AM, Saso L, Tutone M. Natural products as non-covalent and covalent modulators of the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway exerting antioxidant effects. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116355. [PMID: 38555855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
By controlling several antioxidant and detoxifying genes at the transcriptional level, including NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs), UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) and modifier (GCLM) subunits, glutathione S-transferase (GST), sulfiredoxin1 (SRXN1), and heme-oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway plays a crucial role in the oxidative stress response. Accordingly, the discovery of modulators of this pathway, activating cellular signaling through NRF2, and targeting the antioxidant response element (ARE) genes is pivotal for the development of effective antioxidant agents. In this context, natural products could represent promising drug candidates for supplementation to provide antioxidant capacity to human cells. In recent decades, by coupling in silico and experimental methods, several natural products have been characterized to exert antioxidant effects by targeting the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway. In this review article, we analyze several natural products that were investigated experimentally and in silico for their ability to modulate KEAP1/NRF2 by non-covalent and covalent mechanisms. These latter represent the two main sections of this article. For each class of inhibitors, we reviewed their antioxidant effects and potential therapeutic applications, and where possible, we analyzed the structure-activity relationship (SAR). Moreover, the main computational techniques used for the most promising identified compounds are detailed in this survey, providing an updated view on the development of natural products as antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Culletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Arese
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy; Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran.
| | - Anna Maria Almerico
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P.Le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tutone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
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Guo Y, Zhao J, Ma X, Cai M, Chi Y, Sun C, Liu S, Song X, Xu K. Phytochemical reduces toxicity of PM2.5: a review of research progress. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:654-663. [PMID: 37587082 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) affects various cells, systems, and organs in vivo and in vitro. PM2.5 adversely affects human health through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy, ferroptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Phytochemicals are of interest for their broad range of physiological activities and few side effects, and, in recent years, they have been widely used to mitigate the adverse effects caused by PM2.5 exposure. In this review, the roles of various phytochemicals are summarized, including those of polyphenols, carotenoids, organic sulfur compounds, and saponin compounds, in mitigating PM2.5-induced adverse reactions through different molecular mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and ferroptosis, and regulation of autophagy. These are useful as a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of disease caused by PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Guo
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinbin Zhao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueer Ma
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Cai
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyang Chi
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunmeng Sun
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shitong Liu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuling Song
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kun Xu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- The Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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He YQ, Zhou CC, Jiang SG, Lan WQ, Zhang F, Tao X, Chen WS. Natural products for the treatment of chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment and prospects of nose-to-brain drug delivery. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1292807. [PMID: 38348396 PMCID: PMC10859466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1292807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-related cognitive deficits (CRCI) as one of the common adverse drug reactions during chemotherapy that manifest as memory, attention, and executive function impairments. However, there are still no effective pharmacological therapies for the treatment of CRCI. Natural compounds have always inspired drug development and numerous natural products have shown potential therapeutic effects on CRCI. Nevertheless, improving the brain targeting of natural compounds in the treatment of CRCI is still a problem to be overcome at present and in the future. Accumulated evidence shows that nose-to-brain drug delivery may be an excellent carrier for natural compounds. Therefore, we reviewed natural products with potential anti-CRCI, focusing on the signaling pathway of these drugs' anti-CRCI effects, as well as the possibility and prospect of treating CRCI with natural compounds based on nose-to-brain drug delivery in the future. In conclusion, this review provides new insights to further explore natural products in the treatment of CRCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiong He
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can-Can Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Gui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Qian Lan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Shadisvaaran S, Chin KY, Mohd-Said S, Leong XF. Therapeutic potential of bixin on inflammation: a mini review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1209248. [PMID: 37781110 PMCID: PMC10534043 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1209248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is the underlying mechanism for many diseases. Thus, inflammatory signaling pathways are valuable targets for new treatment modalities. Natural products have gained interest as a potential source of bioactive compounds which provide health benefits in combating inflammatory-related diseases. Recent reports have linked the medicinal values of Bixa orellana L. with its anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, this review aims to examine the therapeutic potential of bixin, a major bioactive constituent found in the seeds of B. orellana, on inflammatory-related diseases based on existing in vitro and in vivo evidence. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of bixin via signaling pathways is explored and possible toxic effects are addressed. The findings suggest that bixin may ameliorate inflammation via inhibition of toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B (TLR4/NF-κB), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and thioredoxin-interacting protein/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (TXNIP/NLRP3) inflammasome mechanisms. More well-planned clinical studies should be performed to verify its effectiveness and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saminathan Shadisvaaran
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Shahida Mohd-Said
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xin-Fang Leong
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Yue H, Zhao X, Yong Q, Shi M, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Yu X. Self-assembly of Hyaluronic Acid-Cu-Quercetin flavonoid nanoparticles: synergistic chemotherapy to target tumors. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15942. [PMID: 37663303 PMCID: PMC10470444 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, a natural compound quercetin (Qu) was investigated for its various antitumor effects. However, due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability, its clinical application is limited. To overcome this constraint, a modification was to Qu, which resulted in the creation of novel flavonoid self-assembling nanoparticles (HCQ NPs). Methods HCQ NPs were synthesized by a self-assembly method and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, the Malvern Zetasizer instrument, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric method (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared (FITR) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Extracellular, methylene blue spectrophotometric analysis was used to determine the ability of HCQ NPs to react with different concentrations of H2O2 to form hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Intracellular, DCFH-DA staining was used to detect the ability of HCQ NPs to react with H2O2 to generate reactive oxygen species. Flow cytometry was used to detect the uptake of HCQ NPs by MDA-MB-231 cells at different time points. The biocompatibility of HCQ NPs was evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Calcein AM/PI double staining and the CCK-8 assay were used to evaluate the synergistic antitumor effect of HCQ NPs and H2O2. Results HCQ NPs showed uniformly sized analogous spherical shapes with a hydrodynamic diameter of 55.36 ± 0.27 nm. XPS revealed that Cu was mainly present as Cu2+ in the HCQ NPs. UV-vis absorption spectrum of the characteristic peak of HCQ NPs was located at 296 nm. Similarly, FTIR spectroscopy revealed a complex formation of Qu and Cu2+ that substantially changed the wavenumber of the 4-position C = O characteristic absorption peak. Based on the proportion of Qu and Cu2+ (1:2), the total drug loading of Qu and Cu2+ in the HCQ NPs for therapeutic purposes was calculated to be 9%. Methylene blue spectrophotometric analysis of •OH indicated that Cu can lead to the generation of •OH by triggering Fenton-like reactions. HCQ NPs rapidly accumulated in MDA-MB-231 cells with the extension of time, and the maximum accumulation concentration was reached at about 0.5 h. Calcein AM/PI double staining and CCK-8 revealed synergistic antitumor effects of HCQ NPs including the chemotherapeutic effect of Qu and chemodynamic therapy by Cu2+ in a simulated tumor microenvironment. HCQ NPs demonstrated very low toxicity in LO2 cells in the biocompatibility experiment. Conclusion This study show cases a new method of creating self-assembled flavonoid HCQ NPs that show great for fighting cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxun Yue
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The First people’s Hospital of PingDingShan, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Yong
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Shi
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yating Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xian Yu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Enayati A, Rezaei A, Falsafi SR, Rostamabadi H, Malekjani N, Akhavan-Mahdavi S, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Bixin-loaded colloidal nanodelivery systems, techniques and applications. Food Chem 2023; 412:135479. [PMID: 36709686 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bixin is the cis-carotenoid from the seed of achiote tree or annatto. It is an approved liposoluble apocarotenoid by FDA as colorant and additive in the food industry. Nonetheless, bixin is unstable in the presence of oxygen, light, high pHs (alkali) and heat; thereby reducing its bioavailability/bioactivity, and also, with a low solubility in water. Some biopolymeric (e.g., nanofibers, nanogels, and nanotubes) and lipid-based nanocarriers (nanoliposomes, niosomes, hexosomes, nanoemulsions, solid-lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers) have been introduced for bixin. Thus, this review focuses on the updated information regarding bixin-loaded nanodelivery platforms. Moreover, it provides a comprehensive review of bioavailability, physicochemical properties, and applications of nanoencapsulated-bixin as an additive, its release rate and safety issues. These findings will bring potential strategies for the usage of nanocarriers in managing bixin defaults to improve its broad application in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Atefe Rezaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seid Reza Falsafi
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Hadis Rostamabadi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Narjes Malekjani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sahar Akhavan-Mahdavi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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Figueiredo-Junior AT, Valença SS, Finotelli PV, dos Anjos FDF, de Brito-Gitirana L, Takiya CM, Lanzetti M. Treatment with Bixin-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Prevents Cigarette Smoke-Induced Acute Lung Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071293. [PMID: 35883784 PMCID: PMC9311961 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of annatto pigments has been evaluated as a therapeutic strategy in animal models of several health disorders. Beneficial effects were generally attributed to the inhibition of oxidative stress. Bixin is the main pigment present in annatto seeds and has emerged as an important scavenger of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS). However, this carotenoid is highly hydrophobic, affecting its therapeutic applicability. Therefore, bixin represents an attractive target for nanotechnology to improve its pharmacokinetic parameters. In this study, we prepared bixin nanoparticles (npBX) and evaluated if they could prevent pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke (CS). C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CS and treated daily (by gavage) with different concentrations of npBX (6, 12 and 18%) or blank nanoparticles (npBL, 18%). The negative control group was sham smoked and received 18% npBL. On day 6, the animals were euthanized, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as lungs, were collected for analysis. CS exposure led to an increase in ROS and nitrite production, which was absent in animals treated with npBX. In addition, npBX treatment significantly reduced leukocyte numbers and TNF-α levels in the BALF of CS-exposed mice, and it strongly inhibited CS-induced increases in MDA and PNK in lung homogenates. Interestingly, npBX protective effects against oxidative stress seemed not to act via Nrf2 activation in the CS + npBX 18% group. In conclusion, npBX prevented oxidative stress and acute lung inflammation in a murine model of CS-induced acute lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexsandro Tavares Figueiredo-Junior
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
| | - Samuel Santos Valença
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
| | - Priscilla Vanessa Finotelli
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos da Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Francisca de Fátima dos Anjos
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
| | - Lycia de Brito-Gitirana
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Manuella Lanzetti
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang L, Li S, Yao Y, Yin W, Ye T. The role of natural products in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis: a review. Food Funct 2021; 12:990-1007. [PMID: 33459740 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03001e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is an incurable end-stage lung disease and remains a global public health problem. Although there have been some breakthroughs in understanding the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, effective intervention methods are still limited. Natural products have the advantages of multiple biological activities and high levels of safety, which are important factors for preventing and treating pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms and health benefits of natural products against pulmonary fibrosis. These natural products target oxidative stress, inflammatory injury, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fibroblast activation, extracellular matrix accumulation and metabolic regulation, and the mechanisms involve the NF-κB, TGF-β1/Smad, PI3K/Akt, p38 MAPK, Nrf2-Nox4, and AMPK signaling pathways. We hope to provide new ideas for pulmonary fibrosis prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Wang
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China. and West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Sha Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yuqin Yao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenya Yin
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tinghong Ye
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Pulmonary Exposure to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Leads to Neurotoxicity via Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1160-1170. [PMID: 33826131 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) are widely used in pharmaceutical, food, and textile industries. They have been shown to cause lung, liver, and kidney damage. However, whether an intratracheal instillation of CuONPs would affect the brain and its underlying mechanisms remain poorly studied. In this study, healthy C57BL/6J male mice were equally subdivided into control group, low-dose (30 μg/animal), medium-dose (50 μg/animal), and high-dose (100 μg/animal) CuONPs-treated groups. Mice were subjected to acute exposure of CuONPs via intratracheal instillation. Brain histopathology, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial function-related protein expression were determined. Our results demonstrated that CuONPs caused a dose-dependent brain damage in mice. Histopathological changes in the brain, elevation of inflammatory factors (Tnf, Il-6), and significant alterations in oxidative stress markers were also observed after treatment with CuONPs. Intriguingly, we did not observe infiltration of macrophage cell. Moreover, Tim23, TFAM, and MFN2 protein expression levels showed the decreasing trend after treatment with CuONPs. Taken together, these results indicate that pulmonary exposure to CuONPs induces pathological damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the cerebral cortex, suggesting that neurotoxicity caused by pulmonary exposure of CuONPs needs more attention from the public and relevant departments.
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Tao S, Yang Y, Li J, Wang H, Ma Y. Bixin Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Caused Liver Steatosis and Inflammatory Injury through Nrf2/PPAR α Signals. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6610124. [PMID: 33603948 PMCID: PMC7872754 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6610124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common liver disease worldwide. Hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress are the main characteristics of NAFLD (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease), which also affect its prognosis. Bixin acts as novel Nrf2 (NF-E2 p45-related factor 2) activator with the cytoprotection against oxidative stress and inflammation; this study mainly focused on the mechanism of Nrf2 activation by bixin and explored its potential feasibilities in long-term high-fat diet- (HFD-) caused hepatic steatosis and inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. Bixin was found to activate Nrf2 signals by the modification of critical Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) cystine and competitive interaction with Keap1 with upregulating P62 mRNA and protein expression. In human liver cells exposed to FFA (free fatty acid), bixin displayed a pronounced cytoprotective activity with upregulation of Nrf2-mediated gene expression, such as PPARα and its targets related with fatty acid oxidation. In HFD-fed mice, systemic administration of bixin attenuated lipid accumulation, decreased oxidant inflammatory damage in the liver, and reduced circulating lipid levels through Nrf2. Different from most of other established inducers, bixin activated Nrf2 signals through two different mechanisms with safe administration for protection of oxidant inflammatory damage and attenuation of lipid accumulation in the in vivo long-term HFD-fed mice. Bixin represents a prototype Nrf2 activator that displays cytoprotective activity upon system administration targeting hepatic steatosis and oxidant inflammation originating from long-term HFD-fed mice. And bixin-based Nrf2-directed systemic intervention may also provide therapeutic benefit in protecting other organs in the process of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Tao
- Chongqing University Central Hospital & Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, No. 1 Jiankang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, China
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youjing Yang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Chongqing University Central Hospital & Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, No. 1 Jiankang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Chongqing University Central Hospital & Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, No. 1 Jiankang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, China
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11
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He YQ, Zhou CC, Yu LY, Wang L, Deng JL, Tao YL, Zhang F, Chen WS. Natural product derived phytochemicals in managing acute lung injury by multiple mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2021; 163:105224. [PMID: 33007416 PMCID: PMC7522693 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as common life-threatening lung diseases with high mortality rates are mostly associated with acute and severe inflammation in lungs. With increasing in-depth studies of ALI/ARDS, significant breakthroughs have been made, however, there are still no effective pharmacological therapies for treatment of ALI/ARDS. Especially, the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is ravaging the globe, and causes severe respiratory distress syndrome. Therefore, developing new drugs for therapy of ALI/ARDS is in great demand, which might also be helpful for treatment of COVID-19. Natural compounds have always inspired drug development, and numerous natural products have shown potential therapeutic effects on ALI/ARDS. Therefore, this review focuses on the potential therapeutic effects of natural compounds on ALI and the underlying mechanisms. Overall, the review discusses 159 compounds and summarizes more than 400 references to present the protective effects of natural compounds against ALI and the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiong He
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Can-Can Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lu-Yao Yu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiu-Ling Deng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu-Long Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Wan-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
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Ma JQ, Zhang YJ, Tian ZK, Liu CM. Bixin attenuates carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in kidney by regulating the Nrf2/TLR4/MyD88 and PPAR-γ/TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 90:107117. [PMID: 33162346 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bixin, an natural carotenoid extracted from the seeds of the Bixa orellana has been shown to possess numerous important pharmacological activities. The present study was aimed to investigate the mechanisms of Bixin on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced kidney inflammation, fibrosis and oxidative stress in mice. Our results showed that Bixin improved renal damage by decreasing the serum levels of creatinine, urea, uric acid and alleviating kidney fibrosis. Bixin ameliorated CCl4-induced inflammation in kidneys by reducing the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β. Bixin suppressed oxidative stress by decreasing the MDA level and increasing the activation of SOD, CAT and GPx. Furthermore, Bixin increased the levels of PPAR-γ, NQO1, HO-1 and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the kidneys of mice. Bixin supplementation inhibited the activation of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, TGF-β and Smad3. Thus, this study demonstrated that Bixin possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis properties through regulating the Nrf2/TLR4/MyD88 and PPAR-γ/TGF-β1/Smad3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Qiong Ma
- School of Chemistry Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, No. 180, Huixing Road, 643000 Zigong City, Sichuan Province, PR China.
| | - Yu-Jia Zhang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Tongshan New Area, 221116 Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zhi-Kai Tian
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Tongshan New Area, 221116 Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Chan-Min Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Tongshan New Area, 221116 Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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Li J, Yang Y, Wei S, Chen L, Xue L, Tian H, Tao S. Bixin Protects Against Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis Through Promoting STAT6 Degradation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:576988. [PMID: 33313043 PMCID: PMC7704619 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.576988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bixin, a natural carotenoid extracted from the seeds of Bixa orellana, has antioxidant and anti-inflammation effects. However, the pharmacological effects and underlying mechanisms of bixin in kidney interstitial fibrosis remain unknown. Partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tubular cells has been linked to renal interstitial fibrosis. Here, we found that in the unilateral ureteral obstruction model, bixin administration could ameliorate kidney interstitial fibrosis. The expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) was dramatically increased in renal tubular cells. Bixin treatment inhibited STAT6 induction. The activation of STAT6 signaling was essential for transforming growth factor β1, fibrotic markers, and EMT-related protein expression in HK2 cells, which was confirmed by using the Stat6-/- mice. Ubiquitination, but not the acetylation level of STAT6, was induced by bixin treatment and promoted the suppression of phosphorylation and stability of STAT6. P62-dependent autophagy might be involved in this process. The study demonstrated that bixin can be exploited therapeutically to alleviate renal interstitial fibrosis by targeting STAT6 signaling deactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Youjing Yang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Wei
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lian Xue
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shasha Tao
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Yu Y, Wu DM, Li J, Deng SH, Liu T, Zhang T, He M, Zhao YY, Xu Y. Bixin Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity and Activating NRF2 Signaling. Front Immunol 2020; 11:593368. [PMID: 33362775 PMCID: PMC7756000 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.593368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune and degenerative disease, is characterized by demyelination and chronic neuroinflammation. Bixin is a carotenoid isolated from the seeds of Bixa orellana that exhibits various potent pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. However, the effects of bixin on MS have not yet been examined. To evaluate the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of bixin on MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was established in C57BL/6 mice, which were treated via intragastric administration of bixin solutions. To evaluate the molecular mechanisms of bixin, quantitative reverse-transcription PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses were performed. We found that bixin significantly improved the symptoms and pathology in EAE mice, reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, and IFN-γ, and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. And bixin reduced the proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells in the spleen and CNS, and suppressed microglia aggregation, and TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activity by scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in EAE mice. Furthermore, bixin inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress via activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), and its downstream genes in EAE mice, meanwhile, these effects were suppressed upon treatment with an NRF2 inhibitor, ML385. Bixin prevented neuroinflammation and demyelination in EAE mice primarily by scavenging ROS through activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway. Taken together, our results indicate that bixin is a promising therapeutic candidate for treatment of MS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carotenoids/chemistry
- Carotenoids/pharmacology
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Demyelinating Diseases/drug therapy
- Demyelinating Diseases/etiology
- Demyelinating Diseases/metabolism
- Demyelinating Diseases/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Susceptibility
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/etiology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Female
- Inflammasomes/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Count
- Mice
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- Thioredoxins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying Xu
- Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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15
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Bixin loaded on polymeric nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and antioxidant applications in a biological system. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Li J, Yang Y, Wei S, Chen L, Xue L, Tian H, Tao S. Bixin Confers Prevention against Ureteral Obstruction-Caused Renal Interstitial Fibrosis through Activation of the Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor2 Pathway in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8321-8329. [PMID: 32706966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bixin is a natural carotenoid isolated from the seeds of Bixa orellana, with numerous important pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and antifibrotic effects. The nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway induced by bixin is involved in the process. Excessive reactive oxygen species generation in tubular cells contributes to kidney interstitial fibrosis. The potential therapeutic strategy for bixin in alleviating kidney fibrosis remains largely unclear. In this study, we used unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) to establish a renal fibrotic model. Dramatic oxidative DNA damage occurs in kidneys, especially in tubular cells after UUO. In cultured tubular cells, bixin could induce Nrf2 signaling activation by suppressing Nrf2 ubiquitination and increasing its protein stability. Transforming growth factor beta 1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix production were suppressed by bixin, and blockade of Nrf2 activation by small interfering RNA could largely reverse the protective effect of bixin. In vivo studies showed that administration of bixin induces Nrf2 signaling activation in tubular cells and markedly attenuates partial EMT of tubular cells and kidney interstitial fibrosis after subjecting to UUO. Together, this study implies that bixin may protect against kidney interstitial fibrosis through stimulating Nrf2 activation in renal tubular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Youjing Yang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shuhui Wei
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lian Xue
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shasha Tao
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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17
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Zhang H, Deng W, Yang Y, Wei S, Xue L, Tao S. Pharmaceutic application of vitamin D 3 on particle-induced fibrotic effects through induction of Nrf2 signals. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:55-66. [PMID: 32742635 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter, a major air pollutant across the world, causes a series of pulmonary diseases. Vitamin D is a typical vitamin with emerging roles in inflammation and fibrosis. Different situations and diseases need different doses and modes of vitamin D administration, which challenges the existing vitamin D supplementary rules. Thus, studies of vitamin D applications and their mechanisms in various diseases are important for its future therapeutic applications. In this study, the therapeutic application of vitamin D3 in chronic particle-exposure-associated lung fibrosis and tissue remodeling was investigated. In vivo studies showed that vitamin D3 significantly attenuated fibrosis effects by decreasing α-smooth muscle actin-regulated extracellular matrix deposition and restoring expressions of E-cadherin and N-cadherin. With the importance of activated macrophage in the regulation of local epithelium and fibroblast in the process of tissue fibrosis, two separate in vitro systems of co-culture of macrophages with lung epithelium or fibroblast were built. The results confirmed that vitamin D3 promoted the proliferation of lung epithelium and depressed the fibrosis effects of fibroblasts as well. In addition, our results indicated that the therapeutic effects of vitamin D3 were through Nrf2 signals. Our work provides convincing experimental evidence for vitamin D therapeutic application to promote tissue repair and improve particle-associated lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Wuquan Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing 400014, PR China
| | - Youjing Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Shuhui Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Lian Xue
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Shasha Tao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.,Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing 400014, PR China
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18
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Gui Y, Yang Y, Xu D, Tao S, Li J. Schisantherin A attenuates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing inflammation via regulating the NRF2 pathway. Life Sci 2020; 258:118161. [PMID: 32730835 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Tubulointerstitial inflammation is recognized as a key determinant of progressive sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Schisantherin A (SchA) has been shown to be capable of regulating inflammatory processes. In the present study, we explored the possibility of SchA in preventing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced kidney inflammation and injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS AKI was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of LPS in CD1 mice, administration of SchA was used for treatment. The protective effect of SchA on renal function and inflammation were analyzed respectively; the NRK-52E cell line was employed for the in vitro study and relative molecular mechanism was explored. KEY FINDINGS Administration with SchA markedly attenuated LPS-induced damage on renal function and histopathological changes of the kidney. Additionally, pretreatment with SchA could inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors in the kidneys. In NRK-52E cells, SchA treatment significantly inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Moreover, SchA could promote NRF2 pathway activation, and further blockade of NRF2 activation reversed the SchA-induced inhibition of NF-κB activation. SIGNIFICANCE These presented results indicated that SchA may have great potential for protecting against sepsis-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gui
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States of America
| | - Youjing Yang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Deyu Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Shasha Tao
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
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19
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Abstract
Covering: up to 2020The transcription factor NRF2 is one of the body's major defense mechanisms, driving transcription of >300 antioxidant response element (ARE)-regulated genes that are involved in many critical cellular processes including redox regulation, proteostasis, xenobiotic detoxification, and primary metabolism. The transcription factor NRF2 and natural products have an intimately entwined history, as the discovery of NRF2 and much of its rich biology were revealed using natural products both intentionally and unintentionally. In addition, in the last decade a more sinister aspect of NRF2 biology has been revealed. NRF2 is normally present at very low cellular levels and only activated when needed, however, it has been recently revealed that chronic, high levels of NRF2 can lead to diseases such as diabetes and cancer, and may play a role in other diseases. Again, this "dark side" of NRF2 was revealed and studied largely using a natural product, the quassinoid, brusatol. In the present review, we provide an overview of NRF2 structure and function to orient the general reader, we will discuss the history of NRF2 and NRF2-activating compounds and the biology these have revealed, and we will delve into the dark side of NRF2 and contemporary issues related to the dark side biology and the role of natural products in dissecting this biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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20
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Tao S, Zhang H, Xue L, Jiang X, Wang H, Li B, Tian H, Zhang Z. Vitamin D protects against particles-caused lung injury through induction of autophagy in an Nrf2-dependent manner. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:594-609. [PMID: 30698894 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter is a well-known air pollutant threatening public health. Studies have confirmed long-term exposure to the particles could decrease the pulmonary function, induce asthma exacerbation, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as increase the incidence and mortality of lung cancer. A clinical study has explored that the prevalence and risks of vitamin D (VD) deficiency in various chronic disease and toxins induced tissue damage. Our current study aimed to explore the mechanism and further therapeutic potential of VD administration to ameliorate fine particles exposure induced pulmonary damage in vivo and in vitro. To elucidate the effects and mechanisms of VD in particles-induced pulmonary damage, a murine model was established with fine particles intratracheal instillation along with VD intramuscular injection. Our study demonstrated that treatment with VD attenuated particles-induced pulmonary damage and promoted tissue repair by repressing of TGFβ1 signaling pathway and upregulation of MMP9 expression. VD treatment could also regulate the autophagy-related signals along with activation of Nrf2 transcription factor. Furthermore, the results from the in vitro study demonstrated that VD protected against particles-induced cells' damage through the induction of autophagy in an Nrf2-dependent manner. VD treatment caused the degradation of P62 and its bound Keap1, which decreased the Nrf2 ubiquitination and increasing its protein stability. Our work explored a novel potential mechanism in the protection of VD in particles-induced pulmonary injury and tissue repair, and could further bring insights into exploring antifine particles exposure caused inflammation among other natural products and contributes to inflammation disease medical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Tao
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lian Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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21
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Bian C, Qin WJ, Zhang CY, Zou GL, Zhu YZ, Chen J, Zhao R, Wang YY, Zhe H. Thalidomide (THD) alleviates radiation induced lung fibrosis (RILF) via down-regulation of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:446-453. [PMID: 30339882 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) is a complication of radiotherapy in thoracic cancer patients. Thalidomide (THD) has a therapeutic effect on fibrotic and inflammatory disorders. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of THD on RILF in mice and better understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms of the therapeutic effect. We found that THD mitigated the fibrosis caused by irradiation in mice. The action of THD on RILF was related to the elevation of low levels reactive oxygen species (ROS), which inhibited the transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β)/Smad3 signaling pathway through activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Analysis of the therapeutic effect of THD using Nrf2-/- mouse model confirmed the role of Nrf2 in vivo. In addition, no radioprotective effect of THD on thoracic cancer cell lines was observed. In conclusion, these data showed that THD attenuated RILF in mice, which was mediated by Nrf2-dependent down-regulation of the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway, suggesting THD as a potential novel agent for RILF prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Bian
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wen-Jun Qin
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Cui-Ying Zhang
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Guan-Lian Zou
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yong-Zhao Zhu
- Surgical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yan-Yang Wang
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Hong Zhe
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
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22
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Zhang H, Xue L, Li B, Tian H, Zhang Z, Tao S. Therapeutic potential of bixin in PM2.5 particles-induced lung injury in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 126:166-176. [PMID: 30120979 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) is a well-known air pollutant threatening public health. Studies has confirmed that long-term exposure to the particles could reduce the pulmonary function, cause exacerbation of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and increase incidence and mortality of lung cancer. Bixin is a natural compound that is widely used as a food additive. Our previous studies demonstrated that bixin i.p. administration could protect against particles intratracheal exposure (56 days)-induced lung injury in an Nrf2-dependent manner. But the detail mechanisms are still unclarified. Our current study aimed to explore the further therapeutic potential and mechanism of bixin to slow the progression of lung injury and inflammation in vivo and in vitro. The results from the in vivo study showed that bixin treatment attenuated the accumulation of inflammatory cells, decreased the levels of tissue apoptosis, and increase the ability of cell proliferation. Besides that, bixin also could regulate the expression of MMP9, TGFβ1, and its downstream Fibronectin (FN), along with activation of Nrf2 signals. In vitro experiments in human bronchial epithelial cells demonstrated that Nrf2 activated by bixin contributes to tissue repair by alleviating oxidative stress, increasing proliferation and migration, decreasing apoptosis, which may be partially through modulating the expression of MMP9, TGFβ1, and FN. This study provides convincing experimental evidences that bixin could be used therapeutically to promote tissue repair and improve pulmonary injury induced by particles exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lian Xue
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shasha Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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