1
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Paporakis S, Liu KTC, Brown SJ, Harper JB, Martin AV, Greaves TL. Thermal Stability of Protic Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:4208-4219. [PMID: 38650054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c08011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
While protic ionic liquids (ILs) have found great success as solvents for a broad range of applications, little is known about their degradation when exposed to temperatures above ambient for extended periods of time. Here, we report the thermal stability of six protic ILs, namely, ethylammonium nitrate, ethylammonium formate, ethylammonium acetate, ethanolammonium nitrate, ethanolammonium formate, and ethanolammonium acetate. The effect of heating each ionic liquid to 60 °C for 1 h or 1 week (sealed or open to the atmosphere) was evaluated by considering the changes to water content, pH, mass, thermal phase transitions, and molecular structure after each treatment. Heating each of the six ILs when sealed led to measurable shifts in their water content and 10 wt % pH, but there was no significant change in their mass, thermal phase transitions according to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), or molecular structure using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra, indicating that the samples were largely unchanged. The samples that were heated open to the atmosphere also displayed no significant changes after 1 h but displayed significant changes after 1 week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Paporakis
- School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne ,VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Kenny T-C Liu
- School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne ,VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Stuart J Brown
- School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne ,VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Jason B Harper
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew V Martin
- School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne ,VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Tamar L Greaves
- School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne ,VIC 3000, Australia
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2
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Matuszek K, Piper SL, Brzęczek-Szafran A, Roy B, Saher S, Pringle JM, MacFarlane DR. Unexpected Energy Applications of Ionic Liquids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313023. [PMID: 38411362 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids and their various analogues are without doubt the scientific sensation of the last few decades, paving the way to a more sustainable society. Their versatile suite of properties, originating from an almost inconceivably large number of possible cation and anion combinations, allows tuning of the structure to serve a desired purpose. Ionic liquids hence offer a myriad of useful applications from solvents to catalysts, through to lubricants, gas absorbers, and azeotrope breakers. The purpose of this review is to explore the more unexpected of these applications, particularly in the energy space. It guides the reader through the application of ionic liquids and their analogues as i) phase change materials for thermal energy storage, ii) organic ionic plastic crystals, which have been studied as battery electrolytes and in gas separation, iii) key components in the nitrogen reduction reaction for sustainable ammonia generation, iv) as electrolytes in aluminum-ion batteries, and v) in other emerging technologies. It is concluded that there is tremendous scope for further optimizing and tuning of the ionic liquid in its task, subject to sustainability imperatives in line with current global priorities, assisted by artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Matuszek
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Samantha L Piper
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Burwood Campus, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Alina Brzęczek-Szafran
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Bolesława Krzywoustego 4, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland
| | - Binayak Roy
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Saliha Saher
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Pringle
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Burwood Campus, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
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3
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Sims SM, Brown H, Hunter JR, Johnson RD, Whittaker RE, Miller KM. PAEK- and PES-like perarylated phosphonium ionenes: Synthesis, thermal properties, and conductivity. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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4
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Soltani M, Siu B, Vo M, West KN, Adu C, Mirjafari A, Davis JH. Ionic Liquids with Benzenesulfonate Anions: Non-Fluorinated, Thermally Stable Anion Options. ACS APPLIED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2023; 1:690-695. [PMID: 39044729 PMCID: PMC11264202 DOI: 10.1021/acsaenm.2c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Thermally resistant materials have been sought after for use as lubricants, heat transfer fluids, high temperature structural materials, and other applications where thermal stability is required or desired. Herein, we present a new class of thermally robust ionic liquids containing inexpensive benezenesulfonate anions with profound long-term, high-temperature aerobic stability - i.e., no mass loss in 96 hours at 300 °C in air. A coherent correlation between melting and glass transition temperatures and the location and type of the anions was observed. Our work indicates that these systems can be designed to form thermally stable, low-melting organic salts, providing valuable design insights for engineering of their structure-property-function relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, United States
| | - Benjamin Siu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, United States
| | - Matthew Vo
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, United States
| | - Kevin N. West
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, United States
| | - Clinton Adu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, New York 13126, United States
| | - Arsalan Mirjafari
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, New York 13126, United States
| | - James H. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, United States
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5
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Anderson G, Hardy D, Hillesheim PC, Wagle DV, Zeller M, Baker GA, Mirjafari A. Anticancer Agents as Design Archetypes: Insights into the Structure-Property Relationships of Ionic Liquids with a Triarylmethyl Moiety. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2022; 3:94-106. [PMID: 36718259 PMCID: PMC9881241 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.2c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental challenge underlying the design principles of ionic liquids (ILs) entails a lack of understanding into how tailored properties arise from the molecular framework of the constituent ions. Herein, we present detailed analyses of novel functional ILs containing a triarylmethyl (trityl) motif. Combining an empirically driven molecular design, thermophysical analysis, X-ray crystallography, and computational modeling, we achieved an in-depth understanding of structure-property relationships, establishing a coherent correlation with distinct trends between the thermophysical properties and functional diversity of the compound library. We observe a coherent relationship between melting (T m) and glass transition (T g) temperatures and the location and type of chemical modification of the cation. Furthermore, there is an inverse correlation between the simulated dipole moment and the T m/T g of the salts. Specifically, chlorination of the ILs both reduces and reorients the dipole moment, a key property controlling intermolecular interactions, thus allowing for control over T m/T g values. The observed trends are particularly apparent when comparing the phase transitions and dipole moments, allowing for the development of predictive models. Ultimately, trends in structural features and characterized properties align with established studies in physicochemical relationships for ILs, underpinning the formation and stability of these new lipophilic, low-melting salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace
I. Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast
University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United
States
| | - David Hardy
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast
University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United
States
| | - Patrick C. Hillesheim
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, Florida 34142, United States,
| | - Durgesh V. Wagle
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast
University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United
States,
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Arsalan Mirjafari
- Department
of Chemistry, State University of New York
at Oswego, Oswego, New York 13126, United States,
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6
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Chen Y, Han X, Liu Z, Li Y, Sun H, Wang H, Wang J. Thermal decomposition and volatility of ionic liquids: Factors, evaluation and strategies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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7
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Zunita M, Hastuti R, Alamsyah A, Khoiruddin K, Wenten IG. Ionic Liquid Membrane for Carbon Capture and Separation. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2021.1920428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Zunita
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl, West Java, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - R. Hastuti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl, West Java, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - A. Alamsyah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl, West Java, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - K. Khoiruddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl, West Java, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - I. G. Wenten
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl, West Java, Bandung, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl, West Java, Bandung, Indonesia
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8
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Khajeh A, Rahman MH, Liu T, Panwar P, Menezes PL, Martini A. Thermal decomposition of phosphonium salicylate and phosphonium benzoate ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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9
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O’Rourke B, Lauderback C, Teodoro LI, Grimm M, Zeller M, Mirjafari A, Guillet GL, Hillesheim PC. Developing Structural First Principles for Alkylated Triphenylphosphonium-Based Ionic Liquids. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:32285-32296. [PMID: 34870049 PMCID: PMC8638304 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
While ionic liquids have proved to be versatile materials for a wide spectrum of applications, e.g., energy, materials, and medicine, several challenges remain concerning the rational design of novel materials. In light of this, a series of four triphenylphosphonium-based ionic liquids have been synthesized for the first time. These compounds exhibit high thermal stability with decomposition temperatures up to 450 °C. Their solid-state structures are characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the intermolecular interactions rigorously analyzed via Hirshfeld surface analysis. It was found that the unique geometries of the anions used in the study form distinct interactions with the cations. The interactions in the crystalline state are correlated with the thermal properties of the four ionic liquids to rationalize the melting points and phase transitions for each compound. The observed arrangements of the alkyl chains on the cations are investigated computationally to gain an understanding of how rotational freedom may impact the thermal properties of the compounds. By intention, each IL reported in this work offers a unique property profile and contributes to the ever-growing ionic liquid catalog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna O’Rourke
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, Florida 34142, United States
| | - Clare Lauderback
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, Florida 34142, United States
| | - Lara I. Teodoro
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, Florida 34142, United States
| | - Morgan Grimm
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, Florida 34142, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Arsalan Mirjafari
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast
University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Gary L. Guillet
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern
University, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United
States
| | - Patrick C. Hillesheim
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, Florida 34142, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast
University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
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10
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Importance of structures and interactions in ionic liquid-nanomaterial composite systems as a novel approach for their utilization in safe lithium metal batteries: A review. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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11
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Chalikidi PN, Magkoev TT, Gutnov AV, Demidov OP, Uchuskin MG, Trushkov IV, Abaev VT. One-Step Synthesis of Triphenylphosphonium Salts from (Het)arylmethyl Alcohols. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9838-9846. [PMID: 34232646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two approaches for the synthesis of substituted phosphonium salts from easily available benzyl alcohols and their heterocyclic analogs have been developed. The developed protocols are complementary: the direct mixing of alcohol, trimethylsilyl bromide, and triphenylphosphine in 1,4-dioxane followed by heating at 80 °C was found to be more efficient for acid-sensitive substrates, such as salicyl or furfuryl alcohols as well as secondary benzyl alcohols, while a one-pot procedure including sequential addition of trimethylsilyl bromide and triphenylphosphine gave higher yields for benzyl alcohols bearing electroneutral or electron-withdrawing substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrakis N Chalikidi
- North-Ossetian State University, Vatutina st. 46, Vladikavkaz, 362025, Russian Federation
| | - Taimuraz T Magkoev
- North-Ossetian State University, Vatutina st. 46, Vladikavkaz, 362025, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V Gutnov
- North-Ossetian State University, Vatutina st. 46, Vladikavkaz, 362025, Russian Federation.,Chiroblock GmbH, Andresenstr. 1a, Wolfen, 06766, Germany
| | - Oleg P Demidov
- North Caucasus Federal University, Pushkin st. 1, Stavropol, 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim G Uchuskin
- Perm State University, Bukireva st. 15, Perm, 614990, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Trushkov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119334, Russian Federation.,D. Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela st. 1, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir T Abaev
- North-Ossetian State University, Vatutina st. 46, Vladikavkaz, 362025, Russian Federation.,North Caucasus Federal University, Pushkin st. 1, Stavropol, 355009, Russian Federation
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12
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Siegel DJ, Anderson GI, Paul LM, Seibert PJ, Hillesheim PC, Sheng Y, Zeller M, Taubert A, Werner P, Balischewski C, Michael SF, Mirjafari A. Design Principles of Lipid-like Ionic Liquids for Gene Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4737-4743. [PMID: 35007023 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We developed lipid-like ionic liquids, containing 2-mercaptoimidazolium and 2-mercaptothiazolinium headgroups tethered to two long saturated alkyl chains, as carriers for in vitro delivery of plasmid HEK DNA into 293T cells. We employed a combination of modular design, synthesis, X-ray analysis, and computational modeling to rationalize the self-assembly and desired physicochemical and biological properties. The results suggest that thioamide-derived ionic liquids may serve as a modular platform for lipid-mediated gene delivery. This work represents a step toward understanding the structure-function relationships of these amphiphiles with long-range ordering and offering insight into design principles for synthetic vectors based on self-assembly behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Siegel
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Grace I Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Lauren M Paul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Philipp J Seibert
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Patrick C Hillesheim
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, Florida 34142, United States
| | - Yinghong Sheng
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Andreas Taubert
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Peter Werner
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | | | - Scott F Michael
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Arsalan Mirjafari
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
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13
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Liguori F, Moreno-Marrodan C, Barbaro P. Biomass-derived chemical substitutes for bisphenol A: recent advancements in catalytic synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 49:6329-6363. [PMID: 32749443 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00179a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A is an oil-derived, large market volume chemical with a wide spectrum of applications in plastics, adhesives and thermal papers. However, bisphenol A is not considered safe due to its endocrine disrupting properties and reproductive toxicity. Several functional substitutes of bisphenol A have been proposed in the literature, produced from plant biomass. Unless otherwise specified, the present review covers the most significant contributions that appeared in the time span January 2015-August 2019, describing the sustainable catalytic synthesis of rigid diols from biomass derivatives. The focus is thereupon on heterogeneous catalysis, use of green solvents and mild conditions, cascade processes in one-pot, and continuous flow setups. More than 500 up-to-date references describe the various substitutes proposed and the catalytic methods for their manufacture, broken down according to the main biomass types from which they originate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Liguori
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Carmen Moreno-Marrodan
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Pierluigi Barbaro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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14
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Philippi F, Welton T. Targeted modifications in ionic liquids - from understanding to design. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:6993-7021. [PMID: 33876073 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00216c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are extremely versatile and continue to find new applications in academia as well as industry. This versatility is rooted in the manifold of possible ion types, ion combinations, and ion variations. However, to fully exploit this versatility, it is imperative to understand how the properties of ionic liquids arise from their constituents. In this work, we discuss targeted modifications as a powerful tool to provide understanding and to enable design. A 'targeted modification' is a deliberate change in the structure of an ionic liquid. This includes chemical changes in an experiment as well as changes to the parameterisation in a computer simulation. In any case, such a change must be purposeful to isolate what is of interest, studying, as far as is possible, only one concept at a time. The concepts can then be used as design elements. However, it is often found that several design elements interact with each other - sometimes synergistically, and other times antagonistically. Targeted modifications are a systematic way of navigating these overlaps. We hope this paper shows that understanding ionic liquids requires experimentalists and theoreticians to join forces and provides a tool to tackle the difficult transition from understanding to design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Philippi
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, UK.
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15
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Bandlamudi SRP, McGehee JL, Mando AD, Soltani M, Turner CH, Davis JH, West KN, Rabideau BD. Understanding liquid–liquid equilibria in binary mixtures of hydrocarbons with a thermally robust perarylphosphonium-based ionic liquid. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31328-31338. [PMID: 35496850 PMCID: PMC9041297 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06268a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Binary mixtures of hydrocarbons and a thermally robust ionic liquid (IL) incorporating a perarylphosphonium-based cation are investigated experimentally and computationally. Experimentally, it is seen that excess toluene added to the IL forms two distinct liquid phases, an “ion-rich” phase of fixed composition and a phase that is nearly pure toluene. Conversely, n-heptane is observed to be essentially immiscible in the neat IL. Molecular dynamics simulations capture both of these behaviours. Furthermore, the simulated composition of the toluene-rich IL phase is within 10% of the experimentally determined composition. Additional simulations are performed on the binary mixtures of the IL and ten other small hydrocarbons having mixed aromatic/aliphatic character. It is found that hydrocarbons with a predominant aliphatic character are largely immiscible with the IL, while those with a predominant aromatic character readily mix with the IL. A detailed analysis of the structure and energetic changes that occur on mixing reveals the nature of the ion-rich phase. The simulations show a bicontinuous phase with hydrocarbon uptake akin to absorption and swelling by a porous absorbent. Aromatic hydrocarbons are driven into the neat IL via dispersion forces with the IL cations and, to a lesser extent, the IL anions. The ion–ion network expands to accommodate the hydrocarbons, yet maintains a core connective structure. At a certain loading, this network becomes stretched to its limit. The energetic penalty associated with breaking the core connective network outweighs the gain from new hydrocarbon–IL interactions, leaving additional hydrocarbons in the neat phase. The spatially alternating charge of the expanded IL network is shown to interact favourably with the stacked aromatic subphase, something not possible for aliphatic hydrocarbons. Binary mixtures of hydrocarbons and a thermally robust ionic liquid (IL) incorporating a perarylphosphonium-based cation are investigated experimentally and computationally.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh R. P. Bandlamudi
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Jimmie L. McGehee
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Albaraa D. Mando
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Chemistry, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - C. Heath Turner
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - James H. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Kevin N. West
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Brooks D. Rabideau
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
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16
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Molecular simulation of the separation of toluene and p-xylene with the thermally-robust ionic liquid triphenyl-p-phenyl sulfonyl phenyl phosphonium. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Khudozhitkov AE, Niemann T, Stange P, Donoshita M, Stepanov AG, Kitagawa H, Kolokolov DI, Ludwig R. Freezing the Motion in Hydroxy-Functionalized Ionic Liquids-Temperature Dependent NMR Deuteron Quadrupole Coupling Constants for Two Types of Hydrogen Bonds Far below the Glass Transition. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6000-6006. [PMID: 32640795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We measured the deuteron quadrupole coupling constants (DQCCs) for hydroxy-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) with varying alkyl chain length over the temperature range between 60 and 200 K by means of solid-state NMR spectroscopy. For all temperatures, the 2H spectra show two DQCCs representing different types of hydrogen bonds. Higher values, ranging from 220 to 250 kHz, indicate weaker hydrogen bonds between cation and anion (c-a), and lower values varying from 165 to 210 kHz result from stronger hydrogen bonds between the OD groups of cations (c-c), in agreement with recent observations in infrared, neutron diffraction, and NMR studies. We observed different temperature dependencies for (c-a) and (c-c) hydrogen bonding. From the static pattern of the 2H spectra at the lowest temperatures, we derived the true DQCCs being up to 20 kHz larger than recently reported values measured at the glass transition temperature. We were able to freeze the librational motions of the hydrogen bonds in the ILs. The temperature dependence of the (c-a) and (c-c) cluster populations in the glassy state is opposite to that observed in the liquid state, partly anticipating the behavior of ILs tending to crystallize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Khudozhitkov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Thomas Niemann
- Abteilung für Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Peter Stange
- Abteilung für Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Masaki Donoshita
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Alexander G Stepanov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Daniil I Kolokolov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ralf Ludwig
- Abteilung für Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department LL&M, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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18
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Soltani M, McGeehee JL, Stenson AC, O'Brien RA, Duranty ER, Salter EA, Wierzbicki A, Glover TG, Davis JH. Ionic liquids of superior thermal stability. Validation of PPh 4 + as an organic cation of impressive thermodynamic durability. RSC Adv 2020; 10:20521-20528. [PMID: 35517722 PMCID: PMC9054240 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03220d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent work by Wasserscheid, et al. suggests that PPh4+ is an organic molecular ion of truly exceptional thermal stability. Herein we provide data that cements that conclusion: specifically, we show that aliphatic moieties of modified PPh4+-based cations incorporating methyl, methylene, or methine C–H bonds burn away at high temperatures in the presence of oxygen, forming CO, CO2, and water, leaving behind the parent ion PPh4+. The latter then undergoes no further reaction, at least below 425 °C. When appended to the tetraphenylphosphonium cation, organic groups containing aliphatic C–H bonds are burned away at high temperatures in the presence of O2. However, the parent cation remains unscathed, demonstrating its remarkable thermal stability.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA
| | - Jimmie L McGeehee
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA
| | - Alexandra C Stenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA
| | - Richard A O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA
| | - Edward R Duranty
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA
| | - E Alan Salter
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA
| | - Andrzej Wierzbicki
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA
| | - T Grant Glover
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA
| | - James H Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA
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19
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DiRenzo GV, Chen R, Ibsen K, Toothman M, Miller AJ, Gershman A, Mitragotri S, Briggs CJ. Investigating the potential use of an ionic liquid (1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) as an anti-fungal treatment against the amphibian chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231811. [PMID: 32302369 PMCID: PMC7164615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The disease chytridiomycosis, caused by the pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has contributed to global amphibian declines. Bd infects the keratinized epidermal tissue in amphibians and causes hyperkeratosis and excessive skin shedding. In individuals of susceptible species, the regulatory function of the amphibian’s skin is disrupted resulting in an electrolyte depletion, osmotic imbalance, and eventually death. Safe and effective treatments for chytridiomycosis are urgently needed to control chytrid fungal infections and stabilize populations of endangered amphibian species in captivity and in the wild. Currently, the most widely used anti-Bd treatment is itraconazole. Preparations of itraconazole formulated for amphibian use has proved effective, but treatment involves short baths over seven to ten days, a process which is logistically challenging, stressful, and causes long-term health effects. Here, we explore a novel anti-fungal therapeutic using a single application of the ionic liquid, 1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMP-NTf2), for the treatment of chytridiomycosis. BMP-NTf2 was found be effective at killing Bd in vitro at low concentrations (1:1000 dilution). We tested BMP-NTf2 in vivo on two amphibian species, one that is relatively tolerant of chytridiomycosis (Pseudacris regilla) and one that is highly susceptible (Dendrobates tinctorius). A toxicity trial revealed a surprising interaction between Bd infection status and the impact of BMP-NTf2 on D. tinctorius survival. Uninfected D. tinctorius tolerated BMP-NTf2 (mean ± SE; 96.01 ± 9.00 μl/g), such that only 1 out of 30 frogs died following treatment (at a dose of 156.95 μL/g), whereas, a lower dose (mean ± SE; 97.45 ± 3.52 μL/g) was not tolerated by Bd-infected D. tinctorius, where 15 of 23 frogs died shortly upon BMP-NTf2 application. Those that tolerated the BMP-NTf2 application did not exhibit Bd clearance. Thus, BMP-NTf2 application, under the conditions tested here, is not a suitable option for clearing Bd infection in D. tinctorius. However, different results were obtained for P. regilla. Two topical applications of BMP-NTf2 on Bd-infected P. regilla (using a lower BMP-NTf2 dose than on D. tinctorius, mean ± SE; 9.42 ± 1.43 μL/g) reduced Bd growth, although the effect was lower than that obtained by daily doses of itracanozole (50% frogs exhibited complete clearance on day 16 vs. 100% for itracanozole). Our findings suggest that BMP-NTf2 has the potential to treat Bd infection, however the effect depends on several parameters. Further optimization of dose and schedule are needed before BMP-NTf2 can be considered as a safe and effective alternative to more conventional antifungal agents, such as itraconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella V. DiRenzo
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Renwei Chen
- Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
| | - Kelly Ibsen
- Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Mary Toothman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
| | - Abigail J. Miller
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
| | - Ariel Gershman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Cheryl J. Briggs
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
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20
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Rabideau BD, Soltani M, Parker RA, Siu B, Salter EA, Wierzbicki A, West KN, Davis JH. Tuning the melting point of selected ionic liquids through adjustment of the cation's dipole moment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:12301-12311. [PMID: 32432261 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In previous work with thermally robust salts [Cassity et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, 19, 31560] it was noted that an increase in the dipole moment of the cation generally led to a decrease in the melting point. Molecular dynamics simulations of the liquid state revealed that an increased dipole moment reduces cation-cation repulsions through dipole-dipole alignment. This was believed to reduce the liquid phase enthalpy, which would tend to lower the melting point of the IL. In this work we further test this principle by replacing hydrogen atoms with fluorine atoms at selected positions within the cation. This allows us to alter the electrostatics of the cation without substantially affecting the sterics. Furthermore, the strength of the dipole moment can be controlled by choosing different positions within the cation for replacement. We studied variants of four different parent cations paired with bistriflimide and determined their melting points, and enthalpies and entropies of fusion through DSC experiments. The decreases in the melting point were determined to be enthalpically driven. We found that the dipole moment of the cation, as determined by quantum chemical calculations, is inversely correlated with the melting point of the given compound. Molecular dynamics simulations of the crystalline and solid states of two isomers showed differences in their enthalpies of fusion that closely matched those seen experimentally. Moreover, this reduction in the enthalpy of fusion was determined to be caused by an increase in the enthalpy of the crystalline state. We provide evidence that dipole-dipole interactions between cations leads to the formation of cationic domains in the crystalline state. These cationic associations partially block favourable cation-anion interactions, which are recovered upon melting. If, however, the dipole-dipole interactions between cations is too strong they have a tendency to form glasses. This study provides a design rule for lowering the melting point of structurally similar ILs by altering their dipole moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooks D Rabideau
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
| | - Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Chemistry, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
| | - Rome A Parker
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
| | - Benjamin Siu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
| | - E Alan Salter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
| | - Andrzej Wierzbicki
- Department of Chemistry, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
| | - Kevin N West
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
| | - James H Davis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
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21
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From gene delivery agents to ionic liquids: The impacts of cation structure and anion identity on liquefaction. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Ultra-high thermal stability perarylated ionic liquids as gas chromatographic stationary phases for the selective separation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1604:460466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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23
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Abdelaziz A, Zaitsau DH, Kuratieva NV, Verevkin SP, Schick C. Melting of nucleobases. Getting the cutting edge of "Walden's Rule". Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:12787-12797. [PMID: 30888011 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00716d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Walden's Rule is an empirical observation of an invariant fusion entropy during fusion of non-associated organic compounds. For the five nucleobases, adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil, surprisingly high fusion temperatures and enthalpies have been measured using a specially developed fast scanning calorimetry method that prevents decomposition. Even when nucleobases admittedly possess very high fusion temperatures, e.g. the value of 862 K measured for guanine really exceeds all expectations of the feasible dimension of the fusion temperature for such a relatively small and simple organic molecule. Hirshfeld surface analysis has been applied in order to find out an explanation for such extremely unusual thermal behavior of nucleobases. We rationalized the observed trends in terms of fusion entropy (Walden's constant = 56.5 J K-1 mol-1) as the entropic penalty of fusion not only for "non-associated", as proposed by Walden in 1908, but also for "ideal associated" systems like nucleobases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abdelaziz
- University of Rostock, Institute of Physics, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, 18051 Rostock, Germany. and University of Rostock, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Competence Centre CALOR, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18051 Rostock, Germany.
| | - D H Zaitsau
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, Dr-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - N V Kuratieva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - S P Verevkin
- University of Rostock, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Competence Centre CALOR, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18051 Rostock, Germany. and University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, Dr-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany and Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - C Schick
- University of Rostock, Institute of Physics, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, 18051 Rostock, Germany. and University of Rostock, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Competence Centre CALOR, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18051 Rostock, Germany. and Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
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24
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Properties of mono-protic ionic liquids composed of hexylammonium and hexylethylenediaminium cations with trifluoroacetate and bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide anions. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.11.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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