1
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Purcell-Milton F, Kuznetsova VA, Bai X, Coogan Á, Martínez-Carmona M, Garcia JA, Bradley AL, Gun'ko YK. Chiroptically active quantum nanonails. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:1013-1022. [PMID: 38597212 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00015c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, extensive research efforts have been dedicated to the investigation of CdSe/CdS-based quantum-confined nanostructures, driven by their distinctive properties. The morphologies of these nanostructures have been shown to directly affect their properties, an area which has proven to be an important field of study. Herein, we report a new morphology of CdSe/CdS core-shell heterostructures in the form of a 'nanonail' - a modified nanorod-like morphology, in which a distinctive triangular head can be observed at one end of the structure. In-depth studies of this morphology reveal a material with tuneable rod length and width, as well as exceptional photoluminescent properties. Following this, we have demonstrated the ability to induce chiroptical activity via ligand exchange, revealing the important role of the specific morphology, shell thickness and chiral ligand concentration in the effect of ligand induced chirality. In addition, the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of obtained chiral nanostructures were evaluated on human lung-derived A549 cancer cells, revealing a significant enantioselectivity in biological activity. Finally, analysis on monolayers of the material demonstrate the complete absence of FRET processes. Overall, this CdSe/CdS heterostructure is another tuneable morphology of a very important nanomaterial, one which shows great advantages and a range of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finn Purcell-Milton
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Chemical & BioPharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vera A Kuznetsova
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Áine Coogan
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Marina Martínez-Carmona
- Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jorge A Garcia
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Yurii K Gun'ko
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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2
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O'Boyle SK, Baumler KJ, Schaak RE. Unexpected Multi-Step Transformation of AgCuS to AgAuS During Nanoparticle Cation Exchange. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13050-13057. [PMID: 37527400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Cation exchange reactions can modify the compositions of colloidal nanoparticles, providing easy access to compounds or nanoparticles that may not be accessible directly. The most common nanoparticle cation exchange reactions replace monovalent cations with divalent cations or vice versa, but some monovalent-to-monovalent exchanges have been reported. Here, we dissect the reaction of as-synthesized AgCuS nanocrystals with Au+ to form AgAuS, initially hypothesizing that Au+ could be selective for Cu+ (rather than for Ag+) based on a known Au+-for-Cu+ exchange and the stability of the targeted AgAuS product. Unexpectedly, we found this system and the putative cation exchange reaction to be much more complex than anticipated. First, the starting AgCuS nanoparticles, which match literature reports, are more accurately described as a hybrid of Ag and a variant of AgCuS that is structurally related to mckinstryite Ag5Cu3S4. Second, the initial reaction of Ag-AgCuS with Au+ results in a galvanic replacement to transform the Ag component to a AuyAg1-y alloy. Third, continued reaction with Au+ initiates cation exchange with Cu+ in AuyAg1-y-AgCuS to form AuyAg1-y-Ag3CuxAu1-xS2 and then AuyAg1-y-AgAuS, which is the final product. Crystal structure relationships among mckinstryite-type AgCuS, Ag3CuxAu1-xS2, and AgAuS help to rationalize the transformation pathway. These insights into the reaction of AgCuS with Au+ reveal the potential complexity of seemingly simple nanoparticle reactions and highlight the importance of thorough compositional, structural, and morphological characterization before, during, and after such reactions.
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3
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Sen R, Gordon TM, Millheim SL, Smith JH, Gan XY, Millstone JE. Multimetallic post-synthetic modifications of copper selenide nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:6655-6663. [PMID: 36892483 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00441d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we investigate the addition of two metal cations, simultaneously and sequentially to Cu2-xSe nanoparticles. The metal combinations (Ag-Au, Ag-Pt, Hg-Au and Hg-Pt) are chosen such that one metal adds to the structure via cation exchange and the other adds to the structure via metal deposition when added individually to Cu2-xSe nanoparticles. Surprisingly, we find that for each metal combination, across all three synthesis routes, cation exchange and metal deposition products are obtained without deviation from the outcomes seen in the binary metal systems. However, within those outcomes the data show several types of heterogeneities in the morphologies formed including extent and composition of cation exchange products as well as the extent and composition of the metal deposited products. Taken together, these results suggest a hierarchical control for nanoheterostructure morphologies where the pathways of cation exchange or metal deposition in post-synthetic modification of Cu2-xSe exhibit relatively general outcomes as a function of metal, regardless of synthetic approach or metal combination. However, the detailed composition and interface populations of the resulting materials are more sensitive to both metal identities and synthetic procedure (e.g. order of reagent addition), suggesting that certain principles of metal chalcogenide post-synthetic modification are excitingly robust, while also revealing new avenues for both mechanistic discovery and structural control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Sen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
| | - Tyler Masato Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
| | - Shelby Liz Millheim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
| | - Jacob Harrison Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
| | - Xing Yee Gan
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Jill Erin Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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4
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Thompson KL, Katzbaer RR, Terrones M, Schaak RE. Formation and Transformation of Cu 2-xSe 1-yTe y Nanoparticles Synthesized by Tellurium Anion Exchange of Copper Selenide. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4550-4557. [PMID: 36882119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Ion exchange reactions of colloidal nanoparticles post-synthetically modify the composition while maintaining the morphology and crystal structure and therefore are important for tuning properties and producing otherwise inaccessible and/or metastable materials. Reactions involving anion exchange of metal chalcogenides are particularly interesting, as they involve the replacement of the sublattice that defines the structure while also requiring high temperatures that can be disruptive. Here, we show that the tellurium anion exchange of weissite Cu2-xSe nanoparticles using a trioctylphosphine-tellurium complex (TOP═Te) yields weissite Cu2-xSe1-yTey solid solutions, rather than complete exchange to weissite Cu2-xTe, with compositions that are tunable based on the amount of TOP═Te used. Upon storage at room temperature in either solvent or air, tellurium-rich Cu2-xSe1-yTey solid solution nanoparticles transform, over the span of several days, to a selenium-rich Cu2-xSe1-yTey composition. The tellurium that is expelled from the solid solution during this process migrates to the surface and forms a tellurium oxide shell, which correlates with the onset of particle agglomeration due to the change in surface chemistry. Collectively, this study demonstrates tunable composition during tellurium anion exchange of copper selenide nanoparticles along with unusual post-exchange reactivity that transforms the composition, surface chemistry, and colloidal dispersibility due to the apparent metastable nature of the solid solution product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Rowan R Katzbaer
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.,Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.,Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Raymond E Schaak
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.,Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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5
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Kapuria N, Imtiaz S, Sankaran A, Geaney H, Kennedy T, Singh S, Ryan KM. Multipod Bi(Cu 2-xS) n Nanocrystals formed by Dynamic Cation-Ligand Complexation and Their Use as Anodes for Potassium-Ion Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:10120-10127. [PMID: 36472631 PMCID: PMC9801429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report the formation of an intermediate lamellar Cu-thiolate complex, and tuning its relative stability using alkylphosphonic acids are crucial to enabling controlled heteronucleation to form Bi(Cu2-xS)n heterostructures with a tunable number of Cu2-xS stems on a Bi core. The denticity of the phosphonic acid group, concentration, and chain length of alkylphosphonic acids are critical factors determining the stability of the Cu-thiolate complex. Increasing the stability of the Cu-thiolate results in single Cu2-xS stem formation, and decreased stability of the Cu-thiolate complex increases the degree of heteronucleation to form multiple Cu2-xS stems on the Bi core. Spatially separated multiple Cu2-xS stems transform into a support network to hold a fragmented Bi core when used as an anode in a K-ion battery, leading to a more stable cycling performance showing a specific capacity of ∼170 mAh·g-1 after 200 cycles compared to ∼111 mAh·g-1 for Bi-Cu2-xS single-stem heterostructures.
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Abstract
Anisotropic heterostructures of colloidal nanocrystals embed size-, shape-, and composition-dependent electronic structure within variable three-dimensional morphology, enabling intricate design of solution-processable materials with high performance and programmable functionality. The key to designing and synthesizing such complex materials lies in understanding the fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic factors that govern nanocrystal growth. In this review, nanorod heterostructures, the simplest of anisotropic nanocrystal heterostructures, are discussed with respect to their growth mechanisms. The effects of crystal structure, surface faceting/energies, lattice strain, ligand sterics, precursor reactivity, and reaction temperature on the growth of nanorod heterostructures through heteroepitaxy and cation exchange reactions are explored with currently known examples. Understanding the role of various thermodynamic and kinetic parameters enables the controlled synthesis of complex nanorod heterostructures that can exhibit unique tailored properties. Selected application prospects arising from such capabilities are then discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gryphon A Drake
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 United States
| | - Logan P Keating
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 United States
| | - Moonsub Shim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 United States
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7
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O’Boyle SK, Fagan AM, Steimle BC, Schaak RE. Expanded Tunability of Intraparticle Frameworks in Spherical Heterostructured Nanoparticles through Substoichiometric Partial Cation Exchange. ACS MATERIALS AU 2022; 2:690-698. [PMID: 36397875 PMCID: PMC9661727 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.2c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
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Partial cation exchange
reactions provide a synthetic pathway for
rationally constructing heterostructured nanoparticles that incorporate
different materials at precise locations. Multiple sequential partial
cation exchange reactions can produce libraries of exceptionally complex
heterostructured nanoparticles, but the first partial exchange reaction
is responsible for defining the intraparticle frameworks that persist
throughout and help to direct subsequent exchanges. Here, we studied
the partial cation exchange behavior of spherical nanoparticles of
roxbyite copper sulfide, Cu1.8S, with substoichiometric
amounts of Zn2+. We observed the formation of ZnS–Cu1.8S–ZnS sandwich spheres, which are already well known
in this system, as well as ZnS–Cu1.8S Janus spheres
and Cu1.8S–ZnS–Cu1.8S central
band spheres, which have not been observed previously as significant
subpopulations of samples. Aliquots taken during the formation of
the heterostructured nanoparticles suggest that substoichiometric
amounts of Zn2+ limit the number of sites per particle
where exchange initiates and/or propagates, thereby helping to define
intraparticle frameworks that are different from those observed using
excess amounts of exchanging cations. We applied these insights from
mixed-population samples to the higher-yield synthesis of ZnS–Cu1.8S Janus spheres, as well as the higher-order derivatives
ZnS–(CdS–Cu1.8S), ZnS–(CdS–ZnS),
and ZnS–(CdS–CoS), which have unique features relative
to previously reported analogues. These results demonstrate how the
diversity of intraparticle frameworks in spherical nanoparticles can
be expanded to produce a broader range of downstream heterostructured
products.
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8
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Fagan AM, Steimle BC, Schaak RE. Orthogonal reactivity and interface-driven selectivity during cation exchange of heterostructured metal sulfide nanorods. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4328-4331. [PMID: 35285464 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07190d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report predictive guidelines for the substoichiometric cation exchange of model two-component metal sulfide nanorods containing divalent cations of similar hardness. Unit cell volume changes, cation radii, solubility constants, and solid state interfaces influence selectivity during substoichiometric exchange of Cu+ when multiple products are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail M Fagan
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Benjamin C Steimle
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Raymond E Schaak
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.,Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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9
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Tahir U, Shim YB, Kamran MA, Kim DI, Jeong MY. Nanofabrication Techniques: Challenges and Future Prospects. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:4981-5013. [PMID: 33875085 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanofabrication of functional micro/nano-features is becoming increasingly relevant in various electronic, photonic, energy, and biological devices globally. The development of these devices with special characteristics originates from the integration of low-cost and high-quality micro/nano-features into 3D-designs. Great progress has been achieved in recent years for the fabrication of micro/nanostructured based devices by using different imprinting techniques. The key problems are designing techniques/approaches with adequate resolution and consistency with specific materials. By considering optical device fabrication on the large-scale as a context, we discussed the considerations involved in product fabrication processes compatibility, the feature's functionality, and capability of bottom-up and top-down processes. This review summarizes the recent developments in these areas with an emphasis on established techniques for the micro/nano-fabrication of 3-dimensional structured devices on large-scale. Moreover, numerous potential applications and innovative products based on the large-scale are also demonstrated. Finally, prospects, challenges, and future directions for device fabrication are addressed precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Tahir
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Young Bo Shim
- Department of Opto-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Ahmad Kamran
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Doo-In Kim
- Department of Opto-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Myung Yung Jeong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
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10
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Lu XZ, Gu C, Zhang Q, Shi L, Han SK, Jin GP. Regioselective Construction of Chemically Transformed Phosphide-Metal Nanoheterostructures for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7269-7275. [PMID: 33764054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Engineering nanoheterostructures (NHs) plays a key role in exploring novel or enhanced physicochemical properties of nanocrystals. Despite previously reported synthetic methodologies, selective synthesis of NHs to achieve the anticipated composition and interface is still challenging. Herein, we presented a colloidal strategy for the regioselective construction of typical Ag-Co2P NHs with precisely controlled location of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) on unique chemically transformed Co2P nanorods (NRs) by simply changing the ratio of different surfactants. As a proof-of-concept study, the constructed heterointerface-dependent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysis was demonstrated. The multiple Ag NP-tipped Co2P NRs exhibited the best HER performance, due to their more exposed active sites and the synergistic effect at the interfaces. Our results open up new avenues in rational design and fabrication of NHs with delicate control over the spatial distribution and interfaces between different components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Zhou Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chao Gu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shi-Kui Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Guan-Ping Jin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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11
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Schaak RE, Steimle BC, Fenton JL. Made-to-Order Heterostructured Nanoparticle Libraries. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2558-2568. [PMID: 33026804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles that contain multiple materials connected through interfaces, often called heterostructured nanoparticles, are important constructs for many current and emerging applications. Such particles combine semiconductors, metals, insulators, catalysts, magnets, and other functional components that interact synergistically to enable applications in areas that include energy, nanomedicine, nanophotonics, photocatalysis, and active matter. To synthesize heterostructured nanoparticles, it is important to control all of the property-defining features of individual nanoparticles-size, shape, uniformity, crystal structure, composition, surface chemistry, and dispersibility-in addition to interfaces, asymmetry, and spatial organization, which facilitate communication among the constituent materials and enable their synergistic functions. While it is challenging to control all of these nanoscale features simultaneously, nanoparticle cation exchange reactions offer powerful capabilities that overcome many of the synthetic bottlenecks. In these reactions, which are often carried out on metal chalcogenide materials such as roxbyite copper sulfide (Cu1.8S) that have high cation mobilities and a high density of vacancies, cations from solution replace cations in the nanoparticle. Replacing only a fraction of the cations can produce phase-segregated products having internal interfaces, i.e., heterostructured nanoparticles. By the use of multiple partial cation exchange reactions, multicomponent heterostructured nanoparticles can be synthesized.In this Account, we discuss the use of multiple sequential partial cation exchange reactions to rationally construct complex heterostructured nanoparticles toward the goal of made-to-order synthesis. Sequential partial exchange of the Cu+ cations in roxbyite Cu1.8S spheres, rods, and plates produces a library of 47 derivatives that maintain the size, shape, and uniformity defined by the roxbyite templates while introducing various types of interfaces and different materials into the resulting heterostructured nanoparticles. When an excess of the metal salt reagent is used, the reaction time controls the extent of partial cation exchange. When a substoichiometric amount of metal salt reagent is used instead, the extent of partial cation exchange can be precisely controlled by the cation concentration. This approach allows significant control over the number, order, and location of partial cation exchange reactions. Up to seven sequential partial cation exchange reactions can be applied to roxbyite Cu1.8S nanorods to produce derivative heterostructured nanorods containing as many as six different materials, eight internal interfaces, and 11 segments, i.e. ZnS-CuInS2-CuGaS2-CoS-[CdS-(ZnS-CuInS2)]-Cu1.8S. We considered all possible injection sequences of five cations (Zn2+, Cd2+, Co2+, In3+, Ga3+) applied to all accessible Cu1.8S-derived nanorod precursors along with simple design criteria based on preferred cation exchange locations and crystal structure relationships. Using these guidelines, we mapped out synthetically feasible pathways to 65 520 distinct heterostructured nanorods, experimentally observed 113 members of this heterostructured nanorod megalibrary, and then made three of these in high yield and in isolatable quantities. By expansion of these capabilities into a broader scope of materials and identification of additional design guidelines, it should be possible to move beyond model systems and access functional targets rationally and retrosynthetically. Overall, the ability to access large libraries of complex heterostructured nanoparticles in a made-to-order manner is an important step toward bridging the gap between design and synthesis.
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12
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Zhao J, Chen B, Wang F. Shedding Light on the Role of Misfit Strain in Controlling Core-Shell Nanocrystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2004142. [PMID: 33051904 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Heteroepitaxial modification of nanomaterials has become a powerful means to create novel functionalities for various applications. One of the most elementary factors in heteroepitaxial nanostructures is the misfit strain arising from mismatched lattices of the constituent parts. Misfit strain not only dictates epitaxy kinetics for diversifying nanocrystal morphologies but also provides rational control over materials properties. In recent years, advances in chemical synthesis along with the rapid development of electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques have enabled a substantial understanding of strain-related processes, which offers theoretical foundation and experimental guidance for researchers to refine heteroepitaxial nanostructures and their properties. Herein, recent investigations on heterogeneous core-shell nanocrystals containing misfit strains are summarized, with a focus on the mechanistic understanding of strain and strain-induced effects such as tuning the epitaxial habit, modulating the optical emission, and enhancing the catalytic activity and magnetic coercivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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13
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Rodríguez Ortiz FA, Roman BJ, Wen JR, Mireles Villegas N, Dacres DF, Sheldon MT. The role of gold oxidation state in the synthesis of Au-CsPbX 3 heterostructure or lead-free Cs 2Au IAu IIIX 6 perovskite nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:18109-18115. [PMID: 31576885 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07222e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report that the oxidation state of gold plays a dominant role in determining the reaction products when gold halide salts are mixed with all-inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals. When CsPbX3 nanocrystals react with Au(i) halide salts, Au nanoparticles are deposited on the surface of the perovskites through the reduction of Au1+ ions by the surfactant ligand shell, to produce Au-CsPbX3 heterostructures. These heterostructures preserve comparably high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and show identical XRD diffractograms as the parent CsPbX3 nanocrystals. In contrast, the reaction of CsPbX3 nanocrystals with Au(iii) halide salts promotes complete cation exchange of Pb ions by Au ions in the nanocrystal perovskite lattice. The cation exchange products, Cs2AuIAuIIIBr6 or Cs2AuIAuIIICl6, show XRD patterns corresponding to a tetragonal mixed halide perovskite crystal structure and show no visible photoluminescence. This crucial dependence on the oxidation state of the Au ion informs synthetic strategies for producing and optimizing metal-perovskite heterostructures and lead-free perovskite nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin J Roman
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Je-Ruei Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - David F Dacres
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Matthew T Sheldon
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA and Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
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14
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Tunable electron transfer rate in a CdSe/ZnS-based complex with different anthraquinone chloride substitutes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7756. [PMID: 31123306 PMCID: PMC6533304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We use femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to study ultrafast electron transfer (ET) dynamics in a model donor and acceptor system using CdSe/ZnS core/shell structure quantum dots (QDs) as donors and anthraquinone (AQ) molecules as acceptors. The ET rate can be enhanced by decreasing the number of chlorine substituents in the AQ molecules because that increases the driving force, which is the energy level offset between the conduction band energy of CdSe/ZnS and the lowest upper molecular orbital potential of AQ derivatives, as confirmed by cyclic voltammetry measurements. However, the electronic coupling between the QDs and AQ derivatives, and the sum of reorganization energy of AQ molecules and solvent calculated by density functional theory are not the main reasons for the change in ET rate in three systems. Our findings provide new insights into selecting an acceptor molecule and will be useful in tuning ET processes for advanced QD-based applications.
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