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Abou Karam P, Rosenhek‐Goldian I, Ziv T, Ben Ami Pilo H, Azuri I, Rivkin A, Kiper E, Rotkopf R, Cohen SR, Torrecilhas AC, Avinoam O, Rojas A, Morandi MI, Regev‐Rudzki N. Malaria parasites release vesicle subpopulations with signatures of different destinations. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54755. [PMID: 35642585 PMCID: PMC9253735 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202254755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is the most serious mosquito-borne parasitic disease, caused mainly by the intracellular parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The parasite invades human red blood cells and releases extracellular vesicles (EVs) to alter its host responses. It becomes clear that EVs are generally composed of sub-populations. Seeking to identify EV subpopulations, we subject malaria-derived EVs to size-separation analysis, using asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation. Multi-technique analysis reveals surprising characteristics: we identify two distinct EV subpopulations differing in size and protein content. Small EVs are enriched in complement-system proteins and large EVs in proteasome subunits. We then measure the membrane fusion abilities of each subpopulation with three types of host cellular membranes: plasma, late and early endosome. Remarkably, small EVs fuse to early endosome liposomes at significantly greater levels than large EVs. Atomic force microscope imaging combined with machine-learning methods further emphasizes the difference in biophysical properties between the two subpopulations. These results shed light on the sophisticated mechanism by which malaria parasites utilize EV subpopulations as a communication tool to target different cellular destinations or host systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Abou Karam
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | | | - Tamar Ziv
- Smoler Proteomics CenterDepartment of BiologyTechnion – Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Hila Ben Ami Pilo
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Ido Azuri
- Bioinformatics UnitLife Sciences Core FacilitiesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Anna Rivkin
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Edo Kiper
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Ron Rotkopf
- Bioinformatics UnitLife Sciences Core FacilitiesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Sidney R Cohen
- Department of Chemical Research SupportWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | | | - Ori Avinoam
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Alicia Rojas
- Laboratory of HelminthologyFaculty of MicrobiologyUniversity of Costa RicaSan JoséCosta Rica
| | - Mattia I Morandi
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Neta Regev‐Rudzki
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
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2
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Elbaradei A, Wang Z, Malmstadt N. Oxidation of Membrane Lipids Alters the Activity of the Human Serotonin 1A Receptor. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6798-6807. [PMID: 35608952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lipid oxidation has significant effects on lipid bilayer properties; these effects can be expected to extend to interactions between the lipid bilayer and integral membrane proteins. Given that G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activity is known to depend on the properties of the surrounding lipid bilayer, these proteins represent an intriguing class of molecules in which the impact of lipid oxidation on protein behavior is studied. Here, we study the effects of lipid oxidation on the human serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1AR). Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) containing integral 5-HT1AR were fabricated by the hydrogel swelling method; these GUVs contained polyunsaturated 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PLinPC) and its oxidation product 1-palmitoyl-2-(9'-oxo-nonanoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PoxnoPC) at various ratios. 5-HT1AR-integrated GUVs were also fabricated from lipid mixtures that had been oxidized by extended exposure to the atmosphere. Both types of vesicles were used to evaluate 5-HT1AR activity using an assay to quantify GDP-GTP exchange by the coupled G protein α subunit. Results indicated that 5-HT1AR activity increases significantly in bilayers containing oxidized lipids. This work is an important step in understanding how hyperbaric oxidation can change plasma membrane properties and lead to physiological dysfunction.
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Żuk J, Bartuzi D, Miszta P, Kaczor AA. The Role of Lipids in Allosteric Modulation of Dopamine D 2 Receptor-In Silico Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041335. [PMID: 35209123 PMCID: PMC8874991 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D2 receptor, belonging to the class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), is an important drug target for several diseases, including schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease. The D2 receptor can be activated by the natural neurotransmitter dopamine or by synthetic ligands, which in both cases leads to the receptor coupling with a G protein. In addition to receptor modulation by orthosteric or allosteric ligands, it has been shown that lipids may affect the behaviour of membrane proteins. We constructed a model of a D2 receptor with a long intracellular loop (ICL3) coupled with Giα1 or Giα2 proteins, embedded in a complex asymmetric membrane, and simulated it in complex with positive, negative or neutral allosteric ligands. In this study, we focused on the influence of ligand binding and G protein coupling on the membrane–receptor interactions. We show that there is a noticeable interplay between the cell membrane, G proteins, D2 receptor and its modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Żuk
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modelling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland; (J.Ż.); (D.B.)
| | - Damian Bartuzi
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modelling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland; (J.Ż.); (D.B.)
| | - Przemysław Miszta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological, Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka A. Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modelling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland; (J.Ż.); (D.B.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-448-72-73
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Huang SK, Almurad O, Pejana RJ, Morrison ZA, Pandey A, Picard LP, Nitz M, Sljoka A, Prosser RS. Allosteric modulation of the adenosine A 2A receptor by cholesterol. eLife 2022; 11:e73901. [PMID: 34986091 PMCID: PMC8730723 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is a major component of the cell membrane and commonly regulates membrane protein function. Here, we investigate how cholesterol modulates the conformational equilibria and signaling of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) in reconstituted phospholipid nanodiscs. This model system conveniently excludes possible effects arising from cholesterol-induced phase separation or receptor oligomerization and focuses on the question of allostery. GTP hydrolysis assays show that cholesterol weakly enhances the basal signaling of A2AR while decreasing the agonist EC50. Fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance (19F NMR) spectroscopy shows that this enhancement arises from an increase in the receptor's active state population and a G-protein-bound precoupled state. 19F NMR of fluorinated cholesterol analogs reveals transient interactions with A2AR, indicating a lack of high-affinity binding or direct allosteric modulation. The combined results suggest that the observed allosteric effects are largely indirect and originate from cholesterol-mediated changes in membrane properties, as shown by membrane fluidity measurements and high-pressure NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Kate Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaCanada
| | - Omar Almurad
- Department of Chemistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaCanada
| | - Reizel J Pejana
- Department of Chemistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaCanada
| | | | - Aditya Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaCanada
| | - Louis-Philippe Picard
- Department of Chemistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaCanada
| | - Mark Nitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Adnan Sljoka
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence ProjectTokyoJapan
- York University, Department of ChemistryTorontoCanada
| | - R Scott Prosser
- Department of Chemistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaCanada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
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Activation of G-protein-coupled receptors is thermodynamically linked to lipid solvation. Biophys J 2021; 120:1777-1787. [PMID: 33640381 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Preferential lipid solvation of the G-protein-coupled A2A adenosine receptor (A2AR) is evaluated from 35 μs of all-atom molecular dynamics simulation. A coarse-grained transition matrix algorithm is developed to overcome slow equilibration of the first solvation shell, obtaining estimates of the free energy of solvation by different lipids for the receptor in different activation states. Results indicate preference for solvation by unsaturated chains, which favors the active receptor. A model for lipid-dependent G-protein-coupled receptor activity is proposed in which the chemical potential of lipids in the bulk membrane modulates receptor activity. The entropies associated with moving saturated and unsaturated lipids from bulk to A2AR's first solvation shell are evaluated. Overall, the acyl chains are more disordered (i.e., obtain a favorable entropic contribution) when partitioning to the receptor surface, and this effect is augmented for the saturated chains, which are relatively more ordered in bulk.
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Soteriou C, Kalli AC, Connell SD, Tyler AII, Thorne JL. Advances in understanding and in multi-disciplinary methodology used to assess lipid regulation of signalling cascades from the cancer cell plasma membrane. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 81:101080. [PMID: 33359620 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The lipid bilayer is a functional component of cells, forming a stable platform for the initiation of key biological processes, including cell signalling. There are distinct changes in the lipid composition of cell membranes during oncogenic transformation resulting in aberrant activation and inactivation of signalling transduction pathways. Studying the role of the cell membrane in cell signalling is challenging, since techniques are often limited to by timescale, resolution, sensitivity, and averaging. To overcome these limitations, combining 'computational', 'wet-lab' and 'semi-dry' approaches offers the best opportunity to resolving complex biological processes involved in membrane organisation. In this review, we highlight analytical tools that have been applied for the study of cell signalling initiation from the cancer cell membranes through computational microscopy, biological assays, and membrane biophysics. The cancer therapeutic potential of extracellular membrane-modulating agents, such as cholesterol-reducing agents is also discussed, as is the need for future collaborative inter-disciplinary research for studying the role of the cell membrane and its components in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Soteriou
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK; Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - A C Kalli
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - S D Connell
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - A I I Tyler
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK
| | - J L Thorne
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK.
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Gahbauer S, Böckmann RA. Comprehensive Characterization of Lipid-Guided G Protein-Coupled Receptor Dimerization. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2823-2834. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Gahbauer
- Computational Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer A. Böckmann
- Computational Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Yang L, Lyman E. Local Enrichment of Unsaturated Chains around the A 2A Adenosine Receptor. Biochemistry 2019; 58:4096-4105. [PMID: 31496229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Two 15 μs all-atom simulations of the A2A adenosine receptor were obtained in a ternary mixture of cholesterol, saturated phosphatidylcholine lipids, and unsaturated phosphatidylcholine lipids. An analysis of local lipid solvation is reported on the basis of a Voronoi tessellation of the upper and lower leaflets, identifying first and second solvation shells. The local environments of both the inactive state and the partially active state of the receptor are significantly enriched with unsaturated chains but depleted of cholesterol and saturated chains, relative to the bulk membrane composition. In spite of the local depletion of cholesterol, the partially active receptor binds cholesterol at three locations during the entire simulation trajectory. These long-lived interactions represent the extreme of a very broad distribution of first-solvation shell lipid lifetimes, confounding sharp distinctions between lipid interactions. The broad distributions of lifetimes also make equilibrating the local lipid environment difficult, necessitating long simulation times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewen Yang
- Department of Epidemiology , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
| | - Edward Lyman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
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