1
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Hang GY, Wang JT, Xue HJ, Yu WL, Wang T, Shen HM. Molecular dynamics (MD) study to predict performances of a novel hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/1,4-dinitroimidazole (CL-20/1,4-DNI) energetic cocrystal under different temperatures. J Mol Model 2024; 30:210. [PMID: 38877350 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-06018-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT To estimate the influence of temperature on properties of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro- 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/1,4-dinitroimidazole (CL-20/1,4-DNI) cocrystal explosive, the supercell crystal of CL-20/1,4-DNI cocrystal model was established. The mechanical properties, sensitivity, and stability of cocrystal model under different temperatures (T = 225 K, 250 K, 275 K, 300 K, 325 K, 350 K) were predicted. Results show that mechanical parameters, including bulk modulus, tensile modulus and shear modulus are the lowest when temperature is 300 K, while Cauchy pressure is the highest, indicating that CL-20/1,4-DNI cocrystal model has better mechanical properties at 300 K. Cohesive energy density (CED) and its components energies decrease monotonically with the increase of temperature, illustrating that the CL-20 and 1,4-DNI molecules are activated and the safety of cocrystal explosive is worsened with the increase of temperature. Cocrystal model has relatively higher binding energy when the temperature is 300 K, implying that the CL-20/1,4-DNI cocrystal explosive is more stable under this condition. METHODS The CL-20/1,4-DNI cocrystal model was optimized and the properties were predicted through molecular dynamics (MD) method. The MD simulation was performed with COMPASS force field and the ensemble was set as NPT, external pressure was set as 0.0001 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yun Hang
- Xi'an Research Institute of High-Tech, Xi'an, 710025, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jin-Tao Wang
- Xi'an Research Institute of High-Tech, Xi'an, 710025, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Jian Xue
- Xi'an Research Institute of High-Tech, Xi'an, 710025, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Li Yu
- Xi'an Research Institute of High-Tech, Xi'an, 710025, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Xi'an Research Institute of High-Tech, Xi'an, 710025, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui-Ming Shen
- Xi'an Research Institute of High-Tech, Xi'an, 710025, Shaanxi, China
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2
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Liu Y, Fan J, Xue Z, Lu Y, Zhao J, Hui W. Crystal Structure and Noncovalent Interactions of Heterocyclic Energetic Molecules. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154969. [PMID: 35956915 PMCID: PMC9370629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-rich heterocyclic compounds are important heterocyclic substances with extensive future applications for energetic materials due to their outstanding density and excellent physicochemical properties. However, the weak intermolecular interactions of these compounds are not clear, which severely limits their widespread application. Three nitrogen-rich heterocyclic compounds were chosen to detect their molecular geometry, stacking mode and intermolecular interactions by crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface, RDG and ESP. The results show that all atoms in each molecule are coplanar and that the stacking mode of the three crystals is a planar layer style. A large amount of inter- and intramolecular interaction exists in the three crystals. All principal types of intermolecular contacts in the three crystals are N···H interactions and they account for 40.9%, 38.9% and 32.9%, respectively. Hydrogen bonding, vdW interactions and steric effects in Crystal c are stronger than in Crystals a and b. The negative ESPs all concentrate on the nitrogen atoms in the three molecules. This work is expected to benefit the crystal engineering of heterocyclic energetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiake Fan
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Zhongqing Xue
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, China
| | - Yajing Lu
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, China
| | - Jinan Zhao
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, China
| | - Wenyan Hui
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, China
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3
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Sultan M, Wu J, Haq IU, Mudassar M, Yang L, Wu J, Lu J, Chen L. A complete thermal decomposition mechanism study of an energetic-energetic CL-20/DNT cocrystal at different extreme temperatures by using ReaxFF reactive molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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4
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Ji J, Wang K, Zhu W. Prediction of the crystal structure and properties of energetic
LLM
‐105:oxidant cocrystals: A theoretical study. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Ji
- Institute for Computation in Molecular and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- Institute for Computation in Molecular and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China
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5
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Xu X, Zhang R, Xia W, Ma P, Ma C, Pan Y, Jiang J. Density Functional Theory Study of CL-20/Nitroimidazoles Energetic Cocrystals in an External Electric Field. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Ji J, Wang K, Zhu S, Zhu W. Structure, intermolecular interactions, and dynamic properties of NTO crystals with impurity defects: a computational study. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01670e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Frontier orbitals distribute in the position of impurity molecules, whose adjacent NTO molecules begin to decompose first.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Ji
- Institute for Computation in Molecular and Materials Science
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute for Computation in Molecular and Materials Science
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Simin Zhu
- Institute for Computation in Molecular and Materials Science
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- Institute for Computation in Molecular and Materials Science
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
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7
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Wang K, Zhu W. Computational insights into the formation driving force of CL-20 based solvates and their desolvation process. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01648a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The O⋯H interactions between CL-20 and solvents are the formation driving force of CL-20 solvates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Institute for Computation in Molecular and Materials Science and Department of Chemistry
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- Institute for Computation in Molecular and Materials Science and Department of Chemistry
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
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8
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Li Y, Yu WL, Huang H, Zhu M, Wang JT. Anisotropic response of the co-crystal of CL-20/TNT under shock loading: molecular dynamics simulation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38383-38390. [PMID: 35493208 PMCID: PMC9043970 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06746j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anisotropic response of the co-crystal of CL-20/TNT under shock loading is studied by analyzing the changes of thermodynamic parameters, product evolution and cluster evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Xi'an High-Tech Research Institute, Xi'an 710025, China
- Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
| | - Wen-Li Yu
- Xi'an High-Tech Research Institute, Xi'an 710025, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
| | - Jin-Tao Wang
- Xi'an High-Tech Research Institute, Xi'an 710025, China
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9
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Duan B, Liu N, Lu X, Mo H, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Wang B. Screening for energetic compounds based on 1,3-dinitrohexahydropyrimidine skeleton and 5-various explosopheres: molecular design and computational study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18292. [PMID: 33106564 PMCID: PMC7589465 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, twelve 1,3-dinitrohexahydropyrimidine-based energetic compounds were designed by introducing various explosopheres into hexahydropyrimidine skeleton. Their geometric and electronic structures, heats of formation (HOFs), energetic performance, thermal stability and impact sensitivity were discussed. It is found that the incorporation of electron-withdrawing groups (-NO2, -NHNO2, -N3, -CH(NO2)2, -CF(NO2)2, -C(NO2)3) improves HOFs of the derivatives and all the substituents contribute to enhancing the densities and detonation properties (D, P) of the title compounds. Therein, the substitution of -C(NO2)3 features the best energetic performance with detonation velocity of 9.40 km s-1 and detonation pressure of 40.20 GPa. An analysis of the bond dissociation energies suggests that N-NO2 bond may be the initial site in the thermal decompositions for most of the derivatives. Besides, -ONO2 and -NF2 derivatives stand out with lower impact sensitivity. Characters with striking detonation properties (D = 8.62 km s-1, P = 35.08 GPa; D = 8.81 km s-1, P = 34.88 GPa), good thermal stability, and acceptable impact sensitivity (characteristic height H50 over 34 cm) lead novel compounds 5,5-difluoramine-1,3-dinitrohexahydropyrimidine (K) and 5-fluoro-1,3,5-trinitrohexahydropyrimidine (L) to be very promising energetic materials. This work provides the theoretical molecular design and a reasonable synthetic route of L for further experimental synthesis and testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Duan
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianming Lu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchang Mo
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingzhe Liu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Bozhou Wang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China.
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Ji J, Zhu W. Theoretical studies on the role of each component in benzotrifuroxan/2,4,6-trinitrotoluene cocrystal. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Hao L, Wang J, Zhai D, Ma P, Ma C, Pan Y, Jiang J. Theoretical Study on CL-20-Based Cocrystal Energetic Compounds in an External Electric Field. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:14767-14775. [PMID: 32596614 PMCID: PMC7315606 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An external electric field has great effects on the sensitivity of cocrystal energetic materials. In order to find out the relationship between the external electric field and sensitivity of cocrystals 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/benzotrifuroxan (CL-20/BTF), 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/3,4-dinitropyrazole (CL-20/DNP), and 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/1-methyl-3,5-dinitro-1,2,4-triazole (CL-20/MDNT), density functional theory at B3LYP-D3/6-311+G(d,p) and M062X-D3/ma-def2 TZVPP levels was employed to calculate frontier molecular orbitals, atoms in molecules (AIM) electron density values, bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of the N-NO2 bond, impact sensitivity (H 50), electrostatic potentials (ESPs), and nitro group charges (Q NO2 ) in this work. The results show that a smaller highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap and the BDEs, as well as H 50, tend to have a larger sensitivity along with the positive directions in the external electric field. Moreover, a smaller local positive ESP (V s max) leads to better stability in the negative electric field. The sensitivity of cocrystal molecules decreases gradually in the negative external electric field with the increase of negative nitro group charges. Finally, the change in the bond lengths, AIM electron density values, and nitro group charges correlate well with the external electric field strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Hao
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Diandian Zhai
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peng Ma
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Congming Ma
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yong Pan
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Juncheng Jiang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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12
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Ren C, Liu H, Li X, Guo L. Decomposition mechanism scenarios of CL-20 co-crystals revealed by ReaxFF molecular dynamics: similarities and differences. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:2827-2840. [PMID: 31965130 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06102a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the similarities and differences of decomposition mechanisms of CL-20 and its cocrystals is of great interest for practical applications of CL-20 cocrystals. The responses of CL-20 cocrystals to thermal stimulus were investigated using ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations of two representative cocrystals, CL-20/HMX and CL-20/TNT, under adiabatic conditions and comparing to the baseline system of pure CL-20. The comprehensive chemical details were revealed with the aid of the unique code of VARxMD. The three CL-20-involved reactive systems all exhibit a distinct three-stage character during adiabatic decomposition when using the double peaks of the major intermediate NO2 amount as the boundary. By taking advantage of the three-stage classification, a clear scenario for the similar stimulus-response of the CL-20 cocrystals can be elucidated for the dominant primary decomposition of CL-20 in stage I and the transition of favored chemical mechanisms from the generation of intermediates/radicals in stage II into their consumption to form stable products in stage III. The similar chemical behaviors are rooted in the dominance of CL-20 chemistry in the initial response of its cocrystals to thermal stimulus. The prolonged reaction zone uncovers the slowed decomposition kinetics of CL-20/HMX and CL-20/TNT, which is associated with the altered kinetics of CL-20 decomposition specifically by N-NO2 bond scission and CL-20 skeleton decay. The retarded CL-20 decomposition in its cocrystals consequently results in more moderate self-heating and less violent exothermic reactions that agrees with the experimental observations of improved stability and damaged detonation performance of CL-20 cocrystals, particularly for CL-20/TNT. The results obtained in this work suggest that ReaxFF MD simulations can provide useful insight for the modulated chemical properties of varied CL-20 cocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China and Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. R. China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China and Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. R. China
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Zhang M, Tan Y, Zhao X, Zhang J, Huang S, Zhai Z, Liu Y, Yang Z. Seeking a novel energetic co-crystal strategy through the interfacial self-assembly of CL-20 and HMX nanocrystals. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01447k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Solvent and heat induced self-assembly to CL-20/HMX co-crystals has been investigated. The mechanism towards such process could be concluded to nanoparticle inducing, oriented aggregation, surface integration and co-crystals assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghua Zhang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering
- North University of China
- Taiyuan
- China
- Institute of Chemical Materials
| | - Yingxin Tan
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering
- North University of China
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Jianhu Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Shiliang Huang
- Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Zhaohui Zhai
- Institute of Fluid Physic and Microsystem & Terahertz Research center
- CAEP
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Zhijian Yang
- Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
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Liu Y, Lv P, Sun C, Pang S. Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Properties of Two Novel CL-20-based Cocrystals. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201900017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YuJia Liu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District 100081 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Penghao Lv
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District 100081 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Chenghui Sun
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District 100081 Beijing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Ministry of Education of High Energy Density Materials; Beijing Institute of Technology; 100081 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Siping Pang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District 100081 Beijing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Ministry of Education of High Energy Density Materials; Beijing Institute of Technology; 100081 Beijing P. R. China
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Xu Y, Li D, Lin Q, Wang P, Lu M. From BTO2− to HBTO− insensitive energetic salt: a route to boost energy. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00690g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A promising strategy was utilized to boost the detonation performance of insensitive energetic salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuangang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Dongxue Li
- China National Quality Supervision Testing Center for Industrial Explosive Materials
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Qiuhan Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Ming Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
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16
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Liu N, Duan B, Lu X, Zhang Q, Xu M, Mo H, Wang B. Preparation of CL-20/TFAZ cocrystals under aqueous conditions: balancing high performance and low sensitivity. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01221d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CL-20/TFAZ cocrystal explosives were prepared by a self-assembly method under aqueous conditions with both low sensitivity and high detonation performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals
- Xi'an 710065
| | - Binghui Duan
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
- China
| | - Xianming Lu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals
- Xi'an 710065
| | - Qian Zhang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
- China
| | - Minghui Xu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
- China
| | - Hongchang Mo
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
- China
| | - Bozhou Wang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals
- Xi'an 710065
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