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Rojas-Valencia N, Gómez S, Giovannini T, Cappelli C, Restrepo A, Núñez Zarur F. Water Maintains the UV-Vis Spectral Features During the Insertion of Anionic Naproxen and Ibuprofen into Model Cell Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2146-2155. [PMID: 36877579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
UV-vis spectra of anionic ibuprofen and naproxen in a model lipid bilayer of the cell membrane are investigated using computational techniques in combination with a comparative analysis of drug spectra in purely aqueous environments. The simulations aim at elucidating the intricacies behind the negligible changes in the maximum absorption wavelength in the experimental spectra. A set of configurations of the systems constituted by lipid, water, and drugs or just water and drugs are obtained from classical Molecular Dynamics simulations. UV-vis spectra are computed in the framework of atomistic Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) approaches together with Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT). Our results suggest that the molecular orbitals involved in the electronic transitions are the same, regardless of the chemical environment. A thorough analysis of the contacts between the drug and water molecules reveals that no significant changes in UV-vis spectra are a consequence of ibuprofen and naproxen molecules being permanently microsolvated by water molecules, despite the presence of lipid molecules. Water molecules microsolvate the charged carboxylate group as expected but also microsolvate the aromatic regions of the drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rojas-Valencia
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Carrera 87 No. 30-65, 050026, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Albeiro Restrepo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21 050010, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco Núñez Zarur
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Carrera 87 No. 30-65, 050026, Medellín, Colombia
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Przykaza K, Jurak M, Wiącek AE. Effect of naproxen on the model lipid membrane formed on the water-chitosan subphase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184099. [PMID: 36493856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are those of the most common over the counter (OTC) medications widely used by millions of people every day. Unfortunately, despite their popularity those drugs can cause serious side effects in the digestive system (ulcers, bleeding, and pain). These inconveniences are caused by the changes in the structures of the outer phospholipid layers of gastric mucus and mucosa. As a result the H+ ions from the stomach acid can pass easily through these natural protective barriers and damage the epithelial cells which causes ulcers and bleeding. Chitosan as a polysaccharide known for its unique biocompatibility, drug delivery possibilities and wound healing effect has been chosen to examine if it can induce the reduction of undesirable effects of naproxen. This paper focuses on the interactions of the naproxen with a model biological membrane with and without the presence of chitosan. Applying the Langmuir technique coupled with the surface potential measurements and the Brewster angle microscope imaging allowed to characterize successfully examined systems in terms of the monolayer compressibility, thickness, stability, electric properties and morphology. The results proved that the presence of naproxen alters the mechanical and electrical properties of the model membrane depending on its surface pressure. Moreover, the addition of chitosan to the lipid-drug system causes significant changes in the properties of the layer, i.e. a reduction of its compressibility, thickness and morphology modification. Nevertheless, chitosan suppresses some changes induced by naproxen such as alteration of the apparent dipole moment and film stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Przykaza
- Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Maria Curie-Skłodowska, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20031 Lublin, Poland; Department of Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biomedicine, Medical University of Lublin, Kazimierza Jaczewskiego St. 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Jurak
- Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Maria Curie-Skłodowska, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ewa Wiącek
- Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Maria Curie-Skłodowska, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20031 Lublin, Poland
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Gómez S, Rojas-Valencia N, Toro-Labbé A, Restrepo A. The transition state region in nonsynchronous concerted reactions. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:084109. [PMID: 36859077 DOI: 10.1063/5.0133487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The critical and vanishing points of the reaction force F(ξ) = -dV(ξ)/dξ yield five important coordinates (ξR, ξR* , ξTS, ξP* , ξP) along the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) for a given concerted reaction or reaction step. These points partition the IRC into three well-defined regions, reactants (ξR→ξR* ), transition state (ξR* →ξP* ), and products (ξP* →ξP), with traditional roles of mostly structural changes associated with the reactants and products regions and mostly electronic activity associated with the transition state (TS) region. Following the evolution of chemical bonding along the IRC using formal descriptors of synchronicity, reaction electron flux, Wiberg bond orders, and their derivatives (or, more precisely, the intensity of the electron activity) unambiguously indicates that for nonsynchronous reactions, electron activity transcends the TS region and takes place well into the reactants and products regions. Under these circumstances, an extension of the TS region toward the reactants and products regions may occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Natalia Rojas-Valencia
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Toro-Labbé
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago de Chile 7820436, Chile
| | - Albeiro Restrepo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
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Frigini EN, Porasso RD. Effect of Ionic Strength on Ibuprofenate Adsorption on a Lipid Bilayer of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:1941-1950. [PMID: 35226503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the free energy change in the process of transferring ibuprofenate from the bulk solution to the center of a model of the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine bilayer at different NaCl concentrations was calculated. Two minima were found in the free energy profile: a local minimum, located in the vicinity of the membrane, and the global free energy minimum, found near the headgroup region. The downward shift of free energy minima with increasing NaCl concentration is consistent with the results of previous works. Conversely, the upward shift of the free energy maximum with increasing ionic strength is due to the competition of sodium ions and lipids molecules to coordinate with ibuprofenate and neutralize its charge. In addition, normal molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the effects of the ibuprofenate on the lipid bilayer and in the presence of a high ibuprofenate concentration. The effect of ionic strength on the properties of the lipid bilayer and on lipid-drug interactions was analyzed. The area per lipid shrinking with increasing ionic strength, volume of lipids, and thickness of the bilayer is consistent with the experimental results. At a very high ibuprofenate concentration, the lipid bilayer dehydrates, and it consequently transforms into the gel phase, thus blocking the permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel N Frigini
- Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicada San Luis, CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Avenida Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo D Porasso
- Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicada San Luis, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Avenida Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
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Gómez S, Rojas-Valencia N, Giovannini T, Restrepo A, Cappelli C. Ring Vibrations to Sense Anionic Ibuprofen in Aqueous Solution as Revealed by Resonance Raman. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27020442. [PMID: 35056755 PMCID: PMC8780161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We unravel the potentialities of resonance Raman spectroscopy to detect ibuprofen in diluted aqueous solutions. In particular, we exploit a fully polarizable quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methodology based on fluctuating charges coupled to molecular dynamics (MD) in order to take into account the dynamical aspects of the solvation phenomenon. Our findings, which are discussed in light of a natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis, reveal that a selective enhancement of the Raman signal due to the normal mode associated with the C-C stretching in the ring, νC=C, can be achieved by properly tuning the incident wavelength, thus facilitating the recognition of ibuprofen in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez
- Classe di Scienze, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (C.C.)
| | - Natalia Rojas-Valencia
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (N.R.-V.); (A.R.)
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Classe di Scienze, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Albeiro Restrepo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (N.R.-V.); (A.R.)
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Classe di Scienze, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (C.C.)
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Rojas-Valencia N, Gómez S, Núñez-Zarur F, Cappelli C, Hadad C, Restrepo A. Thermodynamics and Intermolecular Interactions during the Insertion of Anionic Naproxen into Model Cell Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10383-10391. [PMID: 34492187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The insertion process of Naproxen into model dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) membranes is studied by resorting to state-of-the-art classical and quantum mechanical atomistic computational approaches. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that anionic Naproxen finds an equilibrium position right at the polar/nonpolar interphase when the process takes place in aqueous environments. With respect to the reference aqueous phase, the insertion process faces a small energy barrier of ≈5 kJ mol-1 and yields a net stabilization of also ≈5 kJ mol-1. Entropy changes along the insertion path, mainly due to a growing number of realizable microstates because of structural reorganization, are the main factors driving the insertion. An attractive fluxional wall of noncovalent interactions is characterized by all-quantum descriptors of chemical bonding (natural bond orbitals, quantum theory of atoms in molecules, noncovalent interaction, density differences, and natural charges). This attractive wall originates in the accumulation of tiny transfers of electron densities to the interstitial region between the fragments from a multitude of individual intermolecular contacts stabilizing the tertiary drug/water/membrane system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rojas-Valencia
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, 050010Medellín, Colombia.,Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Carrera 87 No. 30-65, 050026 Medellín, Colombia.,Escuela de Ciencias y Humanidades, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Eafit, AA 3300 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francisco Núñez-Zarur
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Carrera 87 No. 30-65, 050026 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cacier Hadad
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, 050010Medellín, Colombia
| | - Albeiro Restrepo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, 050010Medellín, Colombia
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Gómez S, Rojas-Valencia N, Gómez SA, Cappelli C, Merino G, Restrepo A. A molecular twist on hydrophobicity. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9233-9245. [PMID: 34276953 PMCID: PMC8261874 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02673a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A thorough exploration of the molecular basis for hydrophobicity with a comprehensive set of theoretical tools and an extensive set of organic solvent S/water binary systems is discussed in this work. Without a single exception, regardless of the nature or structure of S, all quantum descriptors of bonding yield stabilizing S⋯water interactions, therefore, there is no evidence of repulsion and thus no reason for etymological hydrophobicity at the molecular level. Our results provide molecular insight behind the exclusion of S molecules by water, customarily invoked to explain phase separation and the formation of interfaces, in favor of a complex interplay between entropic, enthalpic, and dynamic factors. S⋯water interfaces are not just thin films separating the two phases; instead, they are non-isotropic regions with density gradients for each component whose macroscopic stability is provided by a large number of very weak dihydrogen contacts. We offer a definition of interface as the region in which the density of the components in the A/B binary system is not constant. At a fundamental level, our results contribute to better current understanding of hydrophobicity. Notwithstanding the very weak nature of individual contacts, it is the cumulative effect of a large number of interactions (green NCI surfaces) which provides macroscopic stability to the interfaces.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Natalia Rojas-Valencia
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA Calle 70 No. 52-21 Medellín Colombia .,Escuela de Ciencias y Humanidades, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Eafit AA 3300 Medellín Colombia
| | - Santiago A Gómez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA Calle 70 No. 52-21 Medellín Colombia
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Mérida. Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso. Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310 Mérida Yucatan Mexico
| | - Albeiro Restrepo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA Calle 70 No. 52-21 Medellín Colombia
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Frigini EN, López Cascales JJ, Porasso RD. Influence of Lipid Composition on the Insertion Process of Glyphosate into Membranes: A Thermodynamic Study. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:184-192. [PMID: 33375787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were applied to investigate the influence of lipid composition of the model membrane on the insertion of glyphosate (in its charged state, GLYP2-). The profiles of free energy, entropy and enthalpy were obtained through umbrella sampling calculations, for lipid bilayers composed by only 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), only 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoserine (DPPS) or a symmetric binary mixture of DPPC and DPPS. In general, the location, the values of minima and maxima of the free energy, and the trend of free energy profiles are influenced by the lipid composition of the lipid bilayer. The driving force in the glyphosate insertion process depends on the lipid composition of the membrane model. If the lipid bilayer is composed solely of DPPS or DPPC, GLYP2- insertion is driven by a favorable enthalpic change. However, if the membrane is composed of a mixture of both lipids, this process is driven by a favorable entropic change. In the lipid bilayer containing DPPS, the glyphosate was found to penetrate hydrated and coordinated with Na+ ions, in contrast to the pure zwitterionic lipid bilayer which penetrated only hydrated. This effect is independent of the concentration of sodium ions present in the bulk solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel N Frigini
- Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicada San Luis (IMASL), CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Avenue Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - J J López Cascales
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Grupo de Bioinformática y Macromoléculas (BioMac), Área de Química Física, Aulario II, Campus de Alfonso XIII, 30203 Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rodolfo D Porasso
- Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicada San Luis (IMASL), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Física Matemáticas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Avenue Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
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A narrative review of the potential pharmacological influence and safety of ibuprofen on coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), ACE2, and the immune system: a dichotomy of expectation and reality. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:1141-1152. [PMID: 32797326 PMCID: PMC7427497 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00745-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is currently the most acute healthcare challenge in the world. Despite growing knowledge of the nature of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), treatment options are still poorly defined. The safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), specifically ibuprofen, has been openly questioned without any supporting evidence or clarity over dose, duration, or temporality of administration. This has been further conflicted by the initiation of studies to assess the efficacy of ibuprofen in improving outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients. To clarify the scientific reality, a literature search was conducted alongside considerations of the pharmacological properties of ibuprofen in order to construct this narrative review. The literature suggests that double-blind, placebo-controlled study results must be reported and carefully analysed for safety and efficacy in patients with COVID-19 before any recommendations can be made regarding the use of ibuprofen in such patients. Limited studies have suggested: (i) no direct interactions between ibuprofen and SARS-CoV-2 and (ii) there is no evidence to suggest ibuprofen affects the regulation of angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor for COVID-19, in human studies. Furthermore, in vitro studies suggest ibuprofen may facilitate cleavage of ACE2 from the membrane, preventing membrane-dependent viral entry into the cell, the clinical significance of which is uncertain. Additionally, in vitro evidence suggests that inhibition of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) by ibuprofen may have a role in reducing excess inflammation or cytokine release in COVID-19 patients. Finally, there is no evidence that ibuprofen will aggravate or increase the chance of infection of COVID-19.
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Rojas-Valencia N, Gómez S, Montillo S, Manrique-Moreno M, Cappelli C, Hadad C, Restrepo A. Evolution of Bonding during the Insertion of Anionic Ibuprofen into Model Cell Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2019; 124:79-90. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b09705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rojas-Valencia
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sebastian Montillo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cacier Hadad
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Albeiro Restrepo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
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