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Li SF, Hu TG, Wu H. Development of quercetin-loaded electrospun nanofibers through shellac coating on gelatin: Characterization, colon-targeted delivery, and anticancer activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134204. [PMID: 39069044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Quercetin possesses multiple biological activities. To achieve efficient colon-specific release of quercetin, new composite nanofibers were developed by coating pH-responsive shellac on hydrophilic gelatin through coaxial electrospinning. These composite nanofibers contained bead-like structures. The encapsulation efficiency (87.6-98.5 %) and loading capacity (1.4-4.1 %) varied with increasing the initial quercetin addition amount (2.5-7.5 %). FTIR, XRD, and TGA results showed that the quercetin was successfully encapsulated in composite nanofibers in an amorphous state, with interactions occurring among quercetin, gelatin, and shellac. Composite nanofibers had pH-responsive surface wettability due to the shellac coating. In vitro digestion experiments showed that these composite nanofibers were highly stable in the upper gastrointestinal tract, with quercetin release ranging from 4.75 % to 12.54 %. In vivo organ distribution and pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that quercetin could be sustainably released in the colon after oral administration of composite nanofibers. Besides, the enhanced anticancer activity of composite nanofibers was confirmed against HCT-116 cells by analyzing their effect on cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Overall, these novel composite nanofibers could deliver efficiently quercetin to the colon and achieve its sustained release, thus potential to regulate colon health. This system is also helpful in delivering other bioactives to the colon and exerting their functional effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fang Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Teng-Gen Hu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hong Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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2
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Cerqueira R, Domingues C, Veiga F, Jarak I, Figueiras A. Development and Characterization of Curcumin-Loaded TPGS/F127/P123 Polymeric Micelles as a Potential Therapy for Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7577. [PMID: 39062820 PMCID: PMC11276776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prominent cancer worldwide, and the second leading cause of cancer death. Poor outcomes and limitations of current treatments fuel the search for new therapeutic options. Curcumin (CUR) is often presented as a safer alternative for cancer treatment with a staggering number of molecular targets involved in tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. Despite being promising, its therapeutic potential is hindered due to its hydrophobic nature. Hence, the ongoing development of optimal delivery strategies based on nanotechnology, such as polymeric micelles (PMs), to overcome issues in CUR solubilization and delivery to tumor cells. In this sense, this study aimed to optimize the development and stability of CUR-loaded P123:F127:TPGS PMs (PFT:CUR) based on the thin-film approach and evaluate their therapeutic potential in CRC. Overall, the results revealed that the solubility of CUR was improved when room temperature was used to hydrate the film. The PFT-CUR hydrated at room temperature presents an average hydrodynamic diameter of 15.9 ± 0.3 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.251 ± 0.103 and a zeta potential of -1.5 ± 1.9 mV, and a 35.083 ± 1.144 encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and 3.217 ± 0.091 drug loading (DL%) were observed. To ensure the stability of the optimized PFT-CUR nanosystems, different lyophilization protocols were tested, the use of 1% of glycine (GLY) being the most promising protocol. Regarding the critical micellar concentration (CMC), it was shown that the cryoprotectant and the lyophilization process could impact it, with an increase from 0.064 mg/mL to 0.119 mg/mL. In vitro results showed greater cytotoxic effects when CUR was encapsulated compared to its free form, yet further analysis revealed the heightened cytotoxicity could be attributed to the system itself. Despite challenges, the developed CUR-loaded PM shows potential as an effective therapeutic agent for CRC. Nonetheless, the system must undergo refinements to enhance drug entrapment as well as improve overall stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cerqueira
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.C.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (I.J.)
| | - Cátia Domingues
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.C.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (I.J.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CI MAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.C.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (I.J.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.C.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (I.J.)
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.C.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (I.J.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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3
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Zhang W, Boateng ID, Xu J, Zhang Y. Proteins from Legumes, Cereals, and Pseudo-Cereals: Composition, Modification, Bioactivities, and Applications. Foods 2024; 13:1974. [PMID: 38998480 PMCID: PMC11241136 DOI: 10.3390/foods13131974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review presents a comprehensive analysis of plant-based proteins from soybeans, pulses, cereals, and pseudo-cereals by examining their structural properties, modification techniques, bioactivities, and applicability in food systems. It addresses the critical need for a proper utilization strategy of proteins from various plant sources amidst the rising environmental footprint of animal protein production. The inherent composition diversity among plant proteins, their nutritional profiles, digestibility, environmental impacts, and consumer acceptance are compared. The innovative modification techniques to enhance the functional properties of plant proteins are also discussed. The review also investigates the bioactive properties of plant proteins, including their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumoral activities, and their role in developing meat analogs, dairy alternatives, baked goods, and 3D-printed foods. It underscores the consideration parameters of using plant proteins as sustainable, nutritious, and functional ingredients and advocates for research to overcome sensory and functional challenges for improved consumer acceptance and marketability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Zhang
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
| | | | - Jinsheng Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
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4
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Zamanian MY, Golmohammadi M, Abdullaev B, García MO, Alazbjee AAA, Kumar A, Mohaamed SS, Hussien BM, Khalaj F, Hodaei SM, Shirsalimi N, Moriasi G. A narrative review on therapeutic potential of naringenin in colorectal cancer: Focusing on molecular and biochemical processes. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4011. [PMID: 38583080 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and highly metastatic cancer affecting people worldwide. Drug resistance and unwanted side effects are some of the limitations of current treatments for CRC. Naringenin (NAR) is a naturally occurring compound found in abundance in various citrus fruits such as oranges, grapefruits, and tomatoes. It possesses a diverse range of pharmacological and biological properties that are beneficial for human health. Numerous studies have highlighted its antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities, making it a subject of interest in scientific research. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of NAR on CRC. The study's findings indicated that NAR: (1) interacts with estrogen receptors, (2) regulates the expression of genes related to the p53 signaling pathway, (3) promotes apoptosis by increasing the expression of proapoptotic genes (Bax, caspase9, and p53) and downregulation of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl2, (4) inhibits the activity of enzymes involved in cell survival and proliferation, (5) decreases cyclin D1 levels, (6) reduces the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk4, Cdk6, and Cdk7) and antiapoptotic genes (Bcl2, x-IAP, and c-IAP-2) in CRC cells. In vitro CDK2 binding assay was also performed, showing that the NAR derivatives had better inhibitory activities on CDK2 than NAR. Based on the findings of this study, NAR is a potential therapeutic agent for CRC. Additional pharmacology and pharmacokinetics studies are required to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action of NAR and establish the most suitable dose for subsequent clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Bekhzod Abdullaev
- Central Asian Center of Development Studies, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- School of Medicine, Central Asian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiology, Samarkand State Medical University
| | - María Olalla García
- Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Ser Humano, Carrera de Enfermería, CP, Guaranda, Ecuador
| | | | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sameer S Mohaamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Fattaneh Khalaj
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Niyousha Shirsalimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Gervason Moriasi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
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5
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Pavlova JA, Guseva EA, Dontsova OA, Sergiev PV. Natural Activators of Autophagy. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1-26. [PMID: 38467543 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is the process by which cell contents, such as aggregated proteins, dysfunctional organelles, and cell structures are sequestered by autophagosome and delivered to lysosomes for degradation. As a process that allows the cell to get rid of non-functional components that tend to accumulate with age, autophagy has been associated with many human diseases. In this regard, the search for autophagy activators and the study of their mechanism of action is an important task for treatment of many diseases, as well as for increasing healthy life expectancy. Plants are rich sources of autophagy activators, containing large amounts of polyphenolic compounds in their composition, which can be autophagy activators in their original form, or can be metabolized by the intestinal microbiota to active compounds. This review is devoted to the plant-based autophagy activators with emphasis on the sources of their production, mechanism of action, and application in various diseases. The review also describes companies commercializing natural autophagy activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Pavlova
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Guseva
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga A Dontsova
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Petr V Sergiev
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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6
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Sain A, Khamrai D, Kandasamy T, Naskar D. Apigenin exerts anti-cancer effects in colon cancer by targeting HSP90AA1. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 38157250 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2299305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Apigenin, a flavonoid, has shown early promise in colon cancer (CC); thus, exploring potential mechanisms of Apigenin is obligatory. In this study, shared targets of Apigenin and CC were identified through online tools, which were then subjected to functional enrichment analyses, Gene Ontology and KEGG. Further, the protein-protein interaction network of the shared targets was developed (via STRING). The top targets of Apigenin in CC were identified by molecular docking; further investigated for differential gene and protein expression in CC and their influence on CC patient survival (using TCGA data). Out of 13 hub genes, the top 3 targets (HSP90AA1, MMP9, PTGS2) were selected based on docking score. Their expression was significantly elevated and related to poor overall survival in CC (except PTGS2). Molecular dynamics simulation further validated protein-ligand interactions and divulged HSP90AA1 as the best target of Apigenin in CC. Finally, the anti-cancer effects of Apigenin and its major metabolite, luteolin, were investigated in CC, which is involved in the cytotoxicity of CC cells (COLO-205) by reducing HSP90AA1 expression revealed by real-time PCR. Thus, HSP90AA1 was identified as one of the prime targets of Apigenin in CC, and Apigenin could be effective against CC.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Sain
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipshikha Khamrai
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Thirukumaran Kandasamy
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Debdut Naskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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7
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Li T, Jia Z, Liu J, Xu X, Wang H, Li D, Qiu Z. Transcription activation of SPINK4 by ELF-1 augments progression of colon cancer by regulating biological behaviors. Tissue Cell 2023; 84:102190. [PMID: 37586179 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SPINK4 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer and resulted in worse prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. However, the expression and function of SPINK4 in colon cancer have not been revealed. METHODS Analysis from GEPIA website showed the expression and function of SPINK4 in colon cancer samples. Colon cancer cell lines were applied to detect the biological function of SPINK4. Functionally, the transcriptional factor of SPINK4 has been predicted and verified. Finally, the associations between transcriptional factor and SPINK4 have been confirmed. RESULTS SPINK4 expression was obviously increased in colon cancer samples. HCT-116 and DXH-1 cells in si-SPINK4-1 or si-SPINK4-2 group displayed an obvious reduction in its proliferation, cell cycle, invasion and migration compared to those in the si-control group. Moreover, transcriptional factor ELF-1 bound to the promoter of SPINK4 and affected its expression in colon cancer cells. High ELF-1 expression was presented in colon cancer samples and resulted in worse prognosis of colon cancer patients. Additionally, si-SPINK4 antagonized the function of ELF-1 overexpression in modulating colon cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle and mobility. CONCLUSIONS Our findings afforded a theoretical basis for further research on the treatment of colon cancer based on the control of ELF-1/SPINK4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonghu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Nanguan Hospital, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zheng Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Nanguan Hospital, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingxi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Nanguan Hospital, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xilei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Nanguan Hospital, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huajun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Nanguan Hospital, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Nanguan Hospital, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengcai Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China.
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8
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Fan X, Guo H, Teng C, Yang X, Qin P, Richel A, Zhang L, Blecker C, Ren G. Supplementation of quinoa peptides alleviates colorectal cancer and restores gut microbiota in AOM/DSS-treated mice. Food Chem 2023; 408:135196. [PMID: 36535178 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Quinoa protein hydrolysate has been previously reported to exert anti-cancer effects in cultured colon cancer cells. Here, we investigated the effect of quinoa protein and its hydrolysate on an azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced mouse model of colorectal cancer (CRC) and examined its underlying mechanism using gut microbiota analysis and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production analysis. Our results showed that quinoa protein or its hydrolysate mitigated the clinical symptoms of CRC and increased SCFAs contents in colon tissues. Moreover, administration of quinoa protein or its hydrolysate partially alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis in CRC mice by decreasing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria and increasing the abundance of probiotics. Additionally, PICRUSt analysis revealed that the functional profile of gut microbiota in the quinoa protein treated groups was more similar to that of the control group. These findings indicated that the modulation of gut microbiota by quinoa protein diet intervention may ameliorate AOM/DSS-induced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; Department of Food Science and Formulation, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Huimin Guo
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Cong Teng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiushi Yang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peiyou Qin
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Aurore Richel
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Lizhen Zhang
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Christophe Blecker
- Department of Food Science and Formulation, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Guixing Ren
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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9
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Huang G, Long K. Sensitization of colon cancer cells to cisplatin by Fbxw7 via negative regulation of the Nox1-mTOR pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 247:154479. [PMID: 37262995 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a human malignancy which associates with high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Despite the initial effectiveness in clinical applications of chemotherapeutic agents, a fraction of patients develops chemoresistance. Fbxw7 is an F-box protein serving as a substrate recognition subunit of E3 ubiquitin ligase, leading to degradation of various oncoproteins. In this study, Fbxw7 was significantly downregulated in CRC tumors as well as CRC cells. Fbxw7 suppressed CRC cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, we observed Fbxw7 was positively associated with cisplatin sensitivity. Fbxw7 was significantly downregulated in cisplatin resistant CRC cells. Overexpression of Fbxw7 effectively increased the cisplatin sensitivity of cisplatin resistant CRC cells. Co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays showed Fbxw7 bond with Nox1 which was a superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase and showed oncogenic roles in colon cancer cells. Interestingly, Fbxw7 downregulated Nox1 through binding it to degrade Nox1 protein. We demonstrated that Fbxw7 negatively regulated mTOR activity through downregulation of Nox1. Finally, overexpression of Fbxw7 effectively increased the cisplatin sensitivity of CRC cells. This process could be further overturned by Nox1 restoration in Fbxw7-overexpressing colon cancer cells. In summary, these results unveiled that Fbxw7 targeted Nox1 for degradation, resulting in blocking the downstream Nox1-mTORC1 signaling to sensitize CRC cells to cisplatin. Our study potentiates that targeting the Fbxw7-Nox1-mTOR pathway could be an effective approach to overcome chemoresistance of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Huang
- Department of Emergency surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Long
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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10
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Kim KH, Ki MR, Min KH, Pack SP. Advanced Delivery System of Polyphenols for Effective Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051048. [PMID: 37237914 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols from plants such as fruits and vegetables are phytochemicals with physiological and pharmacological activity as potential drugs to modulate oxidative stress and inflammation associated with cardiovascular disease, chronic disease, and cancer. However, due to the limited water solubility and bioavailability of many natural compounds, their pharmacological applications have been limited. Researchers have made progress in the development of nano- and micro-carriers that can address these issues and facilitate effective drug delivery. The currently developed drug delivery systems maximize the fundamental effects in various aspects such as absorption rate, stability, cellular absorption, and bioactivity of polyphenols. This review focuses on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols enhanced by the introduction of drug delivery systems, and ultimately discusses the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, growth, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koung Hee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Ki
- Institute of Industrial Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Ha Min
- Institute of Industrial Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Pil Pack
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
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11
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Wei RY, Li CH, Zhong WY, Ye JJ. A correlation study affecting survival in patients after radical colon cancer surgery: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33302. [PMID: 36930115 PMCID: PMC10019116 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the relevant factors affecting the 5-year survival rate of patients after radical colon cancer surgery, and to provide some basis for improving the quality of life and prognosis of colon cancer patients. The clinical data of 116 colon cancer patients who underwent treatment in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were retrospectively selected. Using the date of performing surgical treatment as the starting point and the completion of 5 years after surgery or patient death as the end point, all patients were followed up by telephone to count the 5-year survival rate and analyze the influence of each factor with the prognosis of colon cancer patients. Of the 116 patients, 14 patients were lost to follow-up. Of the 102 patients with complete follow-up, 33 patients were died, with an overall 5-year survival rate of 67.6%. After univariate analysis, it was found that distant metastasis (χ2 = 10.493, P = .001), lymph node metastasis (χ2 = 25.145, P < .001), depth of muscle infiltration (χ2 = 14.929, P < .001), alcohol consumption (χ2 = 15.263, P < .001), and preoperative obstruction (χ2 = 9.555, P = .002) were significantly associated with the prognosis of colon cancer patients. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that distant metastasis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.932, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.272-2.934, P = .002), lymph node metastasis (OR: 1.219, 95% CI: 1.091-1.362, P < .001), and obstruction (OR: 1.970, 95% CI: 1.300-2.990, P < .001) were significant independent risk factors affecting the prognosis in patients after radical colon cancer surgery. In summary, preoperative obstruction, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis are independent factors influencing 5-year survival rate after radical colon cancer surgery. Patients with risk factors should be followed up more closely and reasonable postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimens should be used to improve long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Yu Wei
- Shenzhen School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Hong Li
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Yi Zhong
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Jun Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Longgang District (The Ninth People’s Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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12
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Geng S, Han F, Lv X, Zhang S, Ma H, Liu B. Formation mechanism of Pickering emulsion gels stabilized by proanthocyanidin particles: Experimental and molecular dynamics studies. Food Chem 2023; 418:135904. [PMID: 36965389 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of constructing a Pickering emulsion gel with proanthocyanidin particles (PAP) was evaluated in this study, and the related mechanism was revealed by combining instrumental characterization with molecular dynamics simulation. The results showed that PAP was composed of nano/micron spherical particles or their fragments, which had excellent wettability. Suitable PAP addition amount (w, ≥1%) and oil volume fraction (φ, 40-90 %) were beneficial to the formation of stable Pickering emulsion gel. The oil droplet size of gel was inversely proportional to w and φ. The mechanical parameters (gel strength, loss modulus, and storage modulus) were positively correlated with w and φ. Molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the proanthocyanidin molecules in the oil-water system could spontaneously reside and aggregate at the interface, and their interactions with water and oil reduced interfacial tension, which was consistent with the experimental results. This study provides a reference for other polyphenol-based Pickering emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Geng
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Fenxia Han
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xiaofan Lv
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hanjun Ma
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Benguo Liu
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
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13
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Effects of Soybean and Tempeh Water Extracts on Regulation of Intestinal Flora and Prevention of Colon Precancerous Lesions in Rats. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11010257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean bioactivity is significantly enhanced during tempeh fermentation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of tempeh on colorectal cancer cells in vitro and colon precancerous lesions (aberrant crypt foci, ACF) in vivo. In the in vitro assay, tempeh water extract (WET) could inhibit the proliferation of Caco-2 cells. In the animal assay using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats, 12-weeks daily feeding of tempeh could decrease the level of Clostridium perfringens in cecum contents and reduce the number of large (≥4 foci) ACF in the colon of treated rats, compared to the DMH control. By the results of TOF-MS and Edman degradation, the isolated antioxidant dipeptide, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides from WET might contain methionine, proline, and lysine. The bioactive peptides in tempeh might inhibit colon cancer by suppressing the growth of C. perfringens in the intestinal tract.
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Tehami W, Nani A, Khan NA, Hichami A. New Insights Into the Anticancer Effects of p-Coumaric Acid: Focus on Colorectal Cancer. Dose Response 2023; 21:15593258221150704. [PMID: 36636631 PMCID: PMC9830577 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221150704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is considered the second most deadly cancer in the world. Studies have indicated that diet can prevent the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in polyphenols due to their plausible effect on cancer prevention and treatment. p-Coumaric acid (p-CouA), a phenolic compound, is a cinnamic acid derivative found in several fruits, vegetables, and herbs. A growing body of evidence suggests that p-CouA may be an effective agent for preventing and managing colorectal cancer. In this current review, we briefly highlight the bioavailability of p-CouA. We also provide an up-to-date overview of molecular mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects, focusing on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials, apoptosis induction, and cell cycle blockade. Finally, we discuss the impact of p-CouA on clonogenicity and multidrug resistance of colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafâa Tehami
- Laboratory of Saharan Natural Resources, University of Ahmed Draia, Adrar, Algeria,Wafâa Tehami, University of Ahmed Draia, National Road N 6, Adrar 01000, Algeria.
| | - Abdelhafid Nani
- Laboratory of Saharan Natural Resources, University of Ahmed Draia, Adrar, Algeria
| | - Naim A. Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté (UBFC)/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
| | - Aziz Hichami
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté (UBFC)/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
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15
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Liao W, Zhang L, Chen X, Xiang J, Zheng Q, Chen N, Zhao M, Zhang G, Xiao X, Zhou G, Zeng J, Tang J. Targeting cancer stem cells and signalling pathways through phytochemicals: A promising approach against colorectal cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154524. [PMID: 36375238 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are strongly associated with high tumourigenicity, chemotherapy or radiotherapy resistance, and metastasis and recurrence, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, targeting CSCs may be a promising approach. Recently, discovery and research on phytochemicals that effectively target colorectal CSCs have been gaining popularity because of their broad safety profile and multi-target and multi-pathway modes of action. PURPOSE This review aimed to elucidate and summarise the effects and mechanisms of phytochemicals with potential anti-CSC agents that could contribute to the better management of CRC. METHODS We reviewed PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, ScienceDirect and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from the original publication date to March 2022 to review the mechanisms by which phytochemicals inhibit CRC progression by targeting CSCs and their key signalling pathways. Phytochemicals were classified and summarised based on the mechanisms of action. RESULTS We observed that phytochemicals could affect the biological properties of colorectal CSCs. Phytochemicals significantly inhibit self-renewal, migration, invasion, colony formation, and chemoresistance and induce apoptosis and differentiation of CSCs by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (e.g., diallyl trisulfide and genistein), the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (e.g., caffeic acid and piperlongumine), the neurogenic locus notch homolog protein pathway (e.g., honokiol, quercetin, and α-mangostin), the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway (e.g., curcumin, morin, and ursolic acid), and other key signalling pathways. It is worth noting that several phytochemicals, such as resveratrol, silibinin, evodiamine, and thymoquinone, highlight multi-target and multi-pathway effects in restraining the malignant biological behaviour of CSCs. CONCLUSIONS This review demonstrates the potential of targeted therapies for colorectal CSCs using phytochemicals. Phytochemicals could serve as novel therapeutic agents for CRC and aid in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Juyi Xiang
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
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16
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The use of integrated text mining and protein-protein interaction approach to evaluate the effects of combined chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agents in cancer therapy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276458. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining chemotherapeutic (CT) and chemopreventive (CP) agents for cancer treatment is controversial, and the issue has not yet been conclusively resolved. In this study, by integrating text mining and protein-protein interaction (PPI), the combined effects of these two kinds of agents in cancer treatment were investigated. First, text mining was performed by the Pathway Studio database to study the effects of various agents (CP and CT) on cancer-related processes. Then, each group’s most important hub genes were obtained by calculating different centralities. Finally, the results of in silico analysis were validated by examining the combined effects of hesperetin (Hst) and vincristine (VCR) on MCF-7 cells. In general, the results of the in silico analysis revealed that the combination of these two kinds of agents could be useful for treating cancer. However, the PPI analysis revealed that there were a few important proteins that could be targeted for intelligent therapy while giving treatment with these agents. In vitro experiments confirmed the results of the in silico analysis. Also, Hst and VCR had good harmony in modulating the hub genes obtained from the in silico analysis and inducing apoptosis in the MCF-7 cell line.
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17
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Moreno-Jiménez M, Rocha-Guzmán N, Larrosa M, Bressa C, Segura-Sánchez C, Macías-Salas A, Díaz-Rivas J, Flores-Rodríguez P. Constituents of Quercus eduardii leaf infusion: Their interaction with gut microbiota communities and therapeutic role in colorectal cancer. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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18
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Liu J, Wang S, Yi R, Long X, Zhao X. Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum ZS40 on the NF-κB signaling pathway in an azomethane-dextran sulfate sodium-induced colon cancer mouse model. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:953905. [PMID: 36225358 PMCID: PMC9549056 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.953905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of intestinal diseases such as colon cancer is closely related to the intestinal flora. Lactobacillus fermentum is a gut probiotic that plays an important role in chronic intestinal inflammation and colon cancer. In the current study, we investigated the effect of Lactobacillus fermentum ZS40 on NF-κB signaling pathway of azomethane-dextran sulfate sodium (AOM-DSS) -induced colon cancer in mice. Animals were divided into control group (NC), AOM-DSS-induced model group (CRC), AOM-DSS plus high-dose Lactobacillus fermentum ZS40 (ZS40-H), AOM-DSS plus low-dose Lactobacillus fermentum ZS40 (ZS40-L), AOM-DSS plus Lactobacillus bulgaricus (BLA), and AOM-DSS plus sulfasalazine (SD)-treated group. Observation of animal physiological activity (body weight and defecation), biochemical measurements, histopathological examination of colon tissue, qPCR to evaluate the expression of inflammation-related genes, immunohistochemical analysis of CD34 and CD117, and Western blot analysis of NF-κB signaling pathway were performed. Compared with the CRC group, the ZS40-H, ZS40-L, BLA, and SD groups had decreased levels of colon cancer marker proteins CD34 and CD117, and the number of abnormal colonic lesions observed by colon histology decreased, while the ZS40-H group showed excellent results. In addition, all probiotic interventions showed weight loss effects. The expression of inflammatory stimulators TNF-α and IL-1β in the probiotic treatment group decreased; the expression of key proteins IκBα and p65 in the NF-κB signaling pathway also decreased, resulting in a decrease in the expression of the target protein Cox-2. Therefore, administration of Lactobacillus fermentum ZS40 as a probiotic can alleviate intestinal inflammation and prevent colon cancer in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuaiqi Wang
- Gastrointestinal Tumor Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingyao Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Zhao,
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19
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Si X, Wang Y, Song BN, Zhang Y, Yang QX, Li Z, Luo YP, Duan YQ, Ma X, Zhang YY. Potential Chemoprevention of Paeoniflorin in Colitis-associated Colorectal Cancer by Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vivo Experiment. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200295. [PMID: 35841592 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation plays a positive role in the development and progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Medicinal plants and their extracts with anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties may be an effective treatment and prevention strategy for CAC. This research aimed to explore the potential chemoprevention of paeoniflorin (PF) for CAC by network pharmacology, molecular docking technology, and in vivo experiments. The results showed that interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key target of PF against CAC. In the CAC mouse model, PF increased the survival rate of mice and decreased the number and size of colon tumors. Moreover, reduced histological score of colitis and expression of Ki-67 and PCNA were observed in PF-treated mice. In addition, the chemoprevention mechanisms of PF in CAC may be associated with suppression of the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway and the IL-17 level. This research provides experimental evidence of potential chemoprevention strategies for CAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Si
- Lanzhou University, Department of Immunology, 199 West Donggang Road, 730000, lanzhou, CHINA
| | - Yan Wang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 35 East Dingxi Road, lanzhou, CHINA
| | - Bo-Ni Song
- Lanzhou University of Technology, School of Life Science and Engineering, 287 LanGongPing Road, lanzhou, CHINA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Lanzhou University, Department of Immunology, 199 West Donggang Road, lanzhou, CHINA
| | - Qing-Xia Yang
- Lanzhou University, Department of Immunology, 199 West Donggang Road, lanzhou, CHINA
| | - Zhi Li
- Lanzhou University, Department of Immunology, 199 West Donggang Road, lanzhou, CHINA
| | - Yan-Ping Luo
- Lanzhou University, Department of Immunology, 199 West Donggang Road, lanzhou, CHINA
| | - Yong-Qiang Duan
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 35 East Dingxi Road, lanzhou, CHINA
| | - Xingming Ma
- Lanzhou University, Department of Immunology, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730030, P. R. China, 730000, lanzhou, CHINA
| | - Yan-Ying Zhang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Scientific Research and Experimental Center, 35 East Dingxi Road, lanzhou, CHINA
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20
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A Comprehensive Review of Stingless Bee Products: Phytochemical Composition and Beneficial Properties of Honey, Propolis, and Pollen. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12136370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The stingless bee has been gaining more attention in recent years due to the uniqueness and benefits of its products. Similar to the common honeybee, stingless bees also produce honey, propolis, and pollen, which offer superior benefits for direct or indirect consumption. However, reports on the benefits of stingless bee products are scarce. This article summarises recent reports on stingless bee products. The function and application of the properties of the products such as phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties, and chemical content are elucidated. The antimicrobial properties and anticancer potential of the products are also highlighted. Future trends, potential, and uniqueness of stingless bee products are discussed. Stingless bee honey is highlighted as a superfood that exceptionally has the potential to be an active ingredient in treating cancer. Stingless bee propolis has been extensively studied for its rich beneficial chemical compounds that contribute to its antioxidant properties. Though studies on stingless bee pollen are scarce, it has been reported that it also has the potential of being a functional food.
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21
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Yang J, Chen X, Rao S, Li Y, Zang Y, Zhu B. Identification and Quantification of Flavonoids in Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) and Antiproliferative Activity In Vitro of Four Main Components Identified. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060483. [PMID: 35736417 PMCID: PMC9228595 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Okra is a kind of flavonoid-rich food which was reported to have a variety of health functions. Flavonoids are the major polyphenolic compounds in okra and are thought to play a role in reducing the risk of disease. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the flavonoids composition in okra pods and explore the activity of the main flavonoids components identified on inhibiting tumor cell proliferation in vitro. Six individual flavonoids were identified by HPLC-MS/MS: quercetin-3-gentiobioside (Q3G), quercetin-3-sambubioside (Q3S), rutin, quercetin-7-glucoside (Q7G), isoquercitrin (ISO) and quercetin-3-malonylglucoside (Q3M), which were all separated well within 30 min. The analytical method was validated by the recovery of spiked samples and so on. Moreover, four main flavonoids components, namely Q3G, Q3S, ISO and Q3M, exhibited significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of NCI-N87, A375, A549 cells proliferation (25−100 μmol/L) and of HFLS-RA (200−300 μmol/L) in different levels, according to MTT method, respectively. It is demonstrated that the flavonoids components of okra exhibited a noteworthy development prospect as a possible nutraceutical dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Biao Zhu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-63743001
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22
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Chang Y, Zhang Q, Dong Z, Gao P, Hai Y. MicroRNA-128 inhibits the development of human colon cancer by targeting Rho family GTPase 3. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2022.2027692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qisheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqi Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Hai
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Li X, Zhou P, Luo Z, Feng R, Wang L. Hohenbuehelia serotina polysaccharides self-assembled nanoparticles for delivery of quercetin and their anti-proliferative activities during gastrointestinal digestion in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:244-255. [PMID: 35093441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the self-assembled nanoparticles based on Hohenbuehelia serotina polysaccharides (QC-HSP NPs) were fabricated to encapsulate quercetin for improving its bioavailability. The structural characteristics, physicochemical properties as well as the cytotoxicity activities of QC-HSP NPs during gastrointestinal digestion in vitro were respectively investigated. The results showed that QC-HSP NPs possessed the spherical and smooth surface morphology, with the average particle size of 360 nm and zeta potential of -38.8 mV. Moreover, QC-HSP NPs had excellent physiochemical stabilities, and presented sustained-release characteristics during gastrointestinal digestion in vitro. Compared with undigested ones, QC-HSP NPs after gastrointestinal digestion exhibited the more significant anti-proliferative activity on HeLa cells through accumulation of intracellular ROS, arrest of cell cycle at G2/M phase by regulation of cyclin B1, CDK1, p53 and p21 and induction of apoptosis by ER apoptosis pathway. This study provides a new strategy for designing quercetin-loaded nanoparticles based on natural polysaccharides to improve the bioavailability of quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China; Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Ru Feng
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
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24
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Tezerji S, Nazari Robati F, Abdolazimi H, Fallah A, Talaei B. Quercetin's effects on colon cancer cells apoptosis and proliferation in a rat model of disease. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 48:441-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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25
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Knockdown of OLR1 weakens glycolytic metabolism to repress colon cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance by downregulating SULT2B1 via c-MYC. Cell Death Dis 2021; 13:4. [PMID: 34921134 PMCID: PMC8683511 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04174-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the major problems of colon cancer treatment. In tumors, glycolytic metabolism has been identified to promote cell proliferation and chemoresistance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying glycolytic metabolism and chemoresistance in colon cancer remains enigmatic. Hence, this research was designed to explore the mechanism underlying the OLR1/c-MYC/SULT2B1 axis in the regulation of glycolytic metabolism, to affect colon cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance. Colon cancer tissues and LoVo cells were attained, where OLR1, c-MYC, and SULT2B1 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and western blot analysis. Next, ectopic expression and knockdown assays were implemented in LoVo cells. Cell proliferation was detected by MTS assay and clone formation. Extracellular acidification, glucose uptake, lactate production, ATP/ADP ratio, and GLUT1 and LDHA expression were measured to evaluate glycolytic metabolism. Then, the transfected cells were treated with chemotherapeutic agents to assess drug resistance by MTS experiments and P-gp and SMAD4 expression by RT-qPCR. A nude mouse model of colon cancer transplantation was constructed for in vivo verification. The levels of OLR1, c-MYC, and SULT2B1 were upregulated in colon cancer tissues and cells. Mechanistically, OLR1 increased c-MYC expression to upregulate SULT2B1 in colon cancer cells. Moreover, knockdown of OLR1, c-MYC, or SULT2B1 weakened glycolytic metabolism, proliferation, and chemoresistance of colon cancer cells. In vivo experiments authenticated that OLR1 knockdown repressed the tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in nude mice by downregulating c-MYC and SULT2B1. Conclusively, knockdown of OLR1 might diminish SULT2B1 expression by downregulating c-MYC, thereby restraining glycolytic metabolism to inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance.
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Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity against Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells of Hippophae rhamnodies L., Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf, and Ocimum basilicum L. Essential Oils. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10122752. [PMID: 34961223 PMCID: PMC8704097 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancer types with current deficient and aggressive treatment options, but various studied alternative therapies are able to efficiently contribute to its management. Essential oils (EOs) contain valuable compounds, with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, which might serve as effective solutions in CRC prophylaxis or treatment. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the phytochemical composition and in vitro biological activity of essential oils derived from Hippophae rhamnoides (Hr_EO), Cymbopogon citratus (Cc_EO), and Ocimum basilicum (Ob_EO) species on HT-29 and Caco-2 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. The main compounds identified by GC-MS analysis were estragole (Hr_EO, Ob_EO), alpha- and beta-citral (Cc_EO). All tested EOs exerted a dose-dependent cytotoxicity on both cell lines by reducing the cell viability, especially in the case of Cc_EO, where at 75 µg/mL the viability percentages reached the values of 62.69% (Caco-2) and 64.09% (HT-29), respectively. The nuclear morphology evaluation highlighted significant dysmorphologies on both lines after their treatment with EOs at 75 µg/mL.
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Downregulated KIF3B Induced by miR-605-3p Inhibits the Progression of Colon Cancer via Inactivating Wnt/ β-Catenin. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5046981. [PMID: 34422048 PMCID: PMC8373513 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5046981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is a common malignant disease with high morbidity and mortality, and miRNA dysfunction has been confirmed as an important reason for cancer development. Several studies have verified miR-605-3p as a tumor inhibitor while its roles in colon cancer remain uncertain. In this study, the specimen of the patients and the cell lines of colon cancer were used to observe the expression of miR-605-3p, and the CCK-8, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry assay were used to observe the functions of miR-605-3p in colon cancer cells. The downstream factors of miR-605-3p were predicted by TargetScan and then were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, western blot was used to investigate the effect of miR-605-3p on Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. The result showed that miR-605-3p was extremely downregulated in the pathological tissues and tumor cells, and miR-605-3p could effectively induce the apoptosis and impede the proliferation and invasion of the tumor cells. It was found that KIF3B was a target of KIF3B; decreased KIF3B could reverse the effects of miR-605-3p on colon cancer. Besides, the inactivated Wnt/β-catenin pathway was also observed in colon cells when miR-605-3p was upregulated, and the phenomenon could be rescued by KIF3B upregulation. In conclusion, miR-605-3p could inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway induced via promoting KIF3B expression.
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Malaikolundhan H, Mookkan G, Krishnamoorthi G, Matheswaran N, Alsawalha M, Veeraraghavan VP, Krishna Mohan S, Di A. Anticarcinogenic effect of gold nanoparticles synthesized from Albizia lebbeck on HCT-116 colon cancer cell lines. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 48:1206-1213. [PMID: 33016139 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1814313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the major prevailing types of cancer worldwide. It has been the most important public health difficulty. Thus, we planned phytoconstituents arbitrated synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and examined their curative efficacy against the colon cancer (HCT-116) cells. In this current study, we formulated the AuNPs by using Albizia lebbeck (AL) aqueous leaf extract by the green method and synthesized AL-AuNPs were distinguished by UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area (electron) diffraction (SAED) pattern, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Synthesized AL-AuNPs confirmed by the UV absorption highest at 535 nm and the crystal structure of AL-AuNPs was additionally established by XRD and SAED pattern. HR-TEM images explained the size and morphology allocation of nanoparticles. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of alkynes, aromatic compounds, and alkenes of biomolecules in AL-AuNPs. Furthermore, AL-AuNPs induced cytotoxicity at the IC50 concentration 48 µg/ml and also induced apoptosis by enhanced ROS production, decreased ΔΨm, apoptotic morphological changes by AO/EtBr and altering pro and anti-apoptotic protein expressions were analyzed in HCT-116 colon cancer cells. The findings of this investigation proved that the AL-AuNPs were revealed the potential anticancer activity against colon cancer (HCT-116) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gowsik Mookkan
- Department of Biotechnology, Selvam College of Technology, Namakkal, India
| | | | | | - Murad Alsawalha
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College (JIC), Jubail Industrial City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Applied Medical Sciences - Jubail (CAMSJ), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail Industrial City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiting Di
- Anorectal Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Kumar R, Harilal S, Carradori S, Mathew B. A Comprehensive Overview of Colon Cancer- A Grim Reaper of the 21st Century. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2657-2696. [PMID: 33106132 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666201026143757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
A few decades ago, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) was low and is now the fourth in the list of deadly cancers producing nearly a million deaths annually. A population that is aging along with risk factors such as smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle with little or no physical activity, and non-healthy food habits of developed countries can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The balance in gut microbiota and the metabolites produced during bacterial fermentation within the host plays a significant role in regulating intestinal diseases as well as colorectal cancer development. Recent progress in the understanding of illness resulted in multiple treatment options such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, including targeted therapy and multitherapies. The treatment plan for CRC depends on the location, stage and grade of cancer as well as genomic biomarker tests. Despite all the advancements made in the genetic and molecular aspects of the disease, the knowledge seems inadequate as the drug action as well as the wide variation in drug response did not appear strongly correlated with the individual molecular and genetic characteristics, which suggests the requirement of comprehensive molecular understanding of this complex heterogeneous disease. Furthermore, multitherapies or a broad spectrum approach, which is an amalgamation of the various promising as well as effective therapeutic strategies that can tackle heterogeneity and act on several targets of the disease, need to be validated in clinical studies. The latest treatment options have significantly increased the survival of up to three years in the case of advanced disease. The fact that colorectal cancer is developed from a polypoid precursor, as well as the symptoms of the disease that occur at an advanced stage, underlines how screening programs can help early detection and decrease mortality as well as morbidity from CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Seetha Harilal
- Department of Pharmacy, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi-682 041, India
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Liu G, Lai D, Jiang Y, Yang H, Zhao H, Zhang Y, Liu D, Pang Y. Demethylzeylasteral Exerts Antitumor Effects via Disruptive Autophagic Flux and Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells and Increases Cell Chemosensitivity to 5-Fluorouracil. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:851-863. [PMID: 34102996 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210608104021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demethylzeylasteral (ZST93), a pharmacologically active triterpenoid monomer extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF), has been reported to exert antineoplastic effects in several cancer cell types. However, the anti-tumour effects of ZST93 in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells are unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antitumor effects of ZST93 on cell cycle arrest, disruptive autophagic flux, apoptotic cell death, and enhanced chemosensitivity to 5-FU in humans CRC cells. METHODS The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, and autophagy analysis were used to evaluate the effects of ZST93 on cell viability, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and autophagy in two human CRC cell lines. Moreover, ZST93's combined anti-tumour effects with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were evaluated. RESULTS ZST93 inhibited CRC cell proliferation and growth. It was responsible for blocked cell cycle transition by arresting CRC cells in the G0/G1 phase via down-regulation of CDK4, CDK6, Cyclin D1, and c-MYC. Moreover, ZST93 induced suppressive autophagic flux and caspase-3-dependent cell death, which were further strengthened by the blocking of the autophagy process using chloroquine (CQ). Moreover, ZST93 enhanced CRC cells' chemosensitivity to 5-FU via modulation of autophagy and apoptosis. CONCLUSION ZST93 exerts anti-tumour effects via disruptive autophagic flux and apoptotic cell death in human CRC cells and increases cell chemosensitivity to 5-FU. These results provide insights into the utilisation of ZST93 as an adjuvant or direct autophagy inhibitor and suggest ZST93 as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyuan Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengxiang Lai
- The Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjing Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Antitumor Natural Drugs, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Antitumor Natural Drugs, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Antitumor Natural Drugs, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Pang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Antitumor Natural Drugs, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
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Xi M, Tang H, Zhang Y, Ge W, Chen Y, Cui X. Microbiome-metabolomic analyses of the impacts of dietary stachyose on fecal microbiota and metabolites in infants intestinal microbiota-associated mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:3336-3347. [PMID: 33222240 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestinal microbiota and metabolites play an important role in human health and immunity. However, few studies have investigated the long-term effects of stachyose on the human intestinal microbiota and metabolism. Therefore, in this study, the feces of infants were transplanted into germ-free mice, and the effect of long-term stachyose intake on intestinal metabolism was examined by comparing the results of microbiome and metabolome analyses. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was used to study the effects of stachyose intake on the metabolites and metabolic pathways of the transplanted human intestinal microbiota. RESULTS We observed that stachyose significantly altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota and metabolites, up-regulated production of the metabolite taurocholic acid, down-regulated amino acid metabolism, and significantly regulated the metabolism of taurine and hydroxytaurine, pantothenate and coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis, and other signaling pathways. CONCLUSION These findings may provide a basis for elucidating the mechanism by which stachyose promotes host health. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Xi
- Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Haixia Tang
- Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Quality inspection department, Shaanxi Goat Milk Products Testing and Testing Center, Xian, China
| | - Wupeng Ge
- Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ying Chen
- R & D department, Shaanxi Provincial Market Supervision Bureau North West National Center of Metrology, Xian, China
| | - Xiuxiu Cui
- R & D department, Xi'an Baiyue Goat Dairy Group Co., Ltd, Xian, China
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Thakur K, Zhu YY, Feng JY, Zhang JG, Hu F, Prasad C, Wei ZJ. Morin as an imminent functional food ingredient: an update on its enhanced efficacy in the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndromes. Food Funct 2021; 11:8424-8443. [PMID: 33043925 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01444c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids represent polyphenolic plant secondary metabolites with a general structure of a 15-carbon skeleton comprising two phenyl rings and a heterocyclic ring. Over 5000 natural flavonoids (flavanones, flavanonols, and flavans) from various plants have been characterized. Several studies provide novel and promising insights into morin hydrate for its different biological activities against a series of metabolic syndromes. The present review is a rendition of its sources, chemistry, functional potency, and protective effects on metabolic syndromes ranging from cancer to brain injury. Most importantly this systematic review article also highlights the mechanisms of interest to morin-mediated management of metabolic disorders. The key mechanisms (anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory) responsible for its therapeutic potential are well featured after collating the in vitro and in vivo study reports. As a whole, based on the prevailing information rationalizing its medicinal use, morin can be identified as a therapeutic agent for the expansion of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Yun-Yang Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Jing-Yu Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Fei Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Chandan Prasad
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA. and Department of Medicine, LSU School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Choi YJ, Lee J, Ha SH, Lee HK, Lim HM, Yu SH, Lee CM, Nam MJ, Yang YH, Park K, Choi YS, Jang KY, Park SH. 6,8-Diprenylorobol induces apoptosis in human colon cancer cells via activation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and p53. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:914-925. [PMID: 33382531 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
6,8-Diprenylorobol is a natural compound mainly found in Glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch and Maclura tricuspidata, which has been used traditionally as food and medicine in Asia. So far, the antiproliferative effect of 6,8-diprenylorobol has not been studied yet in colon cancer. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of 6,8-diprenylorobol in LoVo and HCT15, two kinds of human colon cancer cells. 6,8-Diprenylorobol inhibited the proliferation of LoVo and HCT15 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. A 40 μM of 6,8-diprenylorobol for 72 h reduced both of cell viability under 50%. After treatment of 6,8-diprenylorobol (40 and 60 μM) for 72 h, late apoptotic cell portion in LoVo and HCT15 cells were 24, 70% and 13, 90%, respectively, which was confirmed by checking DNA fragmentation in both cells. Mechanistically, 6,8-diprenylorobol activated p53 and its phosphorylated form (Ser15, Ser20, and Ser46) expression but suppressed Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) phosphorylation in LoVo and HCT15 cells. Interestingly, 6,8-diprenylorobol induced the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was attenuated with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) treatment. Compared to the control, 60 μM of 6,8-diprenylorobol caused to increase ROS level to 210% in LoVo and HCT15, which was reduced into 161% and 124%, respectively with NAC. Furthermore, cell viability and apoptotic cell portion by 6,8-diprenylorobol was recovered by incubation with NAC. Taken together, these results indicate that 6,8-diprenylorobol has the potential antiproliferative effect against LoVo and HCT15 colon cancer cells through activation of p53 and generation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jun Choi
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ha
- Division of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Han Ki Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Heui Min Lim
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Seon-Hak Yu
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Myeong Jin Nam
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungmoon Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Youn Soo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, South Korea
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Pan Y, Zhao S, Chen F. The potential value of dequalinium chloride in the treatment of cancer: Focus on malignant glioma. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:445-454. [PMID: 33496065 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dequalinium chloride has been known as one kind of antibiotic that displays a broad antimicrobial spectrum and has been clinically proven to be very safe. In recent years, studies have shown that dequalinium chloride can inhibit the growth of malignant tumours, and reports were mainly used for solid tumours. Glioblastoma is the most common malignant neuroepithelial tumour of the central nervous system in adults, and the prognosis of glioblastoma is poor as it has a high resistance to apoptosis. This review summarizes the current understanding of dequalinium chloride-induced cancer cell apoptosis and its potential role in glioblastoma resistance and progression. Particularly, we focus on dequalinium chloride as it exerts a wide range of anti-cancer activity through its ability to target and accumulate in the mitochondria, and it effectively inhibits the growth of glioblastoma cells in vitro and vivo. Dequalinium chloride is an inhibitor of XIAP and can also act as a mitochondrial targeting agent, which gives it an interesting perspective regarding recent advances in the treatment of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehai Pan
- Department of Hand and foot surgery, The affiliated hospital of QingDao university, ShangDong, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The affiliated hospital of QingDao university, ShangDong, China
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Yang Y, Feng M, Bai L, Zhang M, Zhou K, Liao W, Lei W, Zhang N, Huang J, Li Q. The Effects of Autophagy-Related Genes and lncRNAs in Therapy and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:582040. [PMID: 33777735 PMCID: PMC7991845 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.582040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular autophagy plays an important role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Whether autophagy-related genes and lncRNAs can be used as ideal markers in CRC is still controversial. The purpose of this study is to identify novel treatment and prognosis markers of CRC. We downloaded transcription and clinical data of CRC from the GEO (GSE40967, GSE12954, GSE17536) and TCGA database, screened for differentially autophagy-related genes (DEAGs) and lncRNAs, constructed prognostic model, and analyzed its relationship with immune infiltration. TCGA and GEO datasets (GSE12954 and GSE17536) were used to validate the effect of the model. Oncomine database and Human Protein Atlas verified the expression of DEAGs. We obtained a total of 151 DEAGs in three verification sets collaboratively. Then we constructed a risk prognostic model through Lasso regression to obtain 15 prognostic DEAGs from the training set and verified the risk prognostic model in three verification sets. The low-risk group survived longer than the high-risk group. Age, gender, pathological stage, and TNM stage were related to the prognostic risk of CRC. On the other hand, BRAF status, RFS event, and tumor location are considered as most significant risk factors of CRC in the training set. Furthermore, we found that the immune score of the low-risk group was higher. The content of CD8 + T cells, active NK cells, macrophages M0, macrophages M1, and active dendritic cells was noted more in the high-risk group. The content of plasma cells, resting memory CD4 + T cells, resting NK cells, resting mast cells, and neutrophil cells was higher in the low-risk group. After all, the Oncomine database and immunohistochemistry verified that the expression level of most key autophagy-related genes was consistent with the results that we found. In addition, we obtained six lncRNAs co-expressed with DEAGs from the training set and found that the survival time was longer in the low-risk group. This finding was verified in the verification set and showed same trend to the results mentioned above. In the final analysis, these results indicate that autophagy-related genes and lncRNAs can be used as prognostic and therapeutic markers for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyang Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - LiangLiang Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengxi Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Kexun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiting Liao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanting Lei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, mito-TEMPO mitigates initiation phase of N-Nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Mitochondrion 2021; 58:123-130. [PMID: 33711502 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress during initial stages of hepatocarcinogenesis can be an effective and promising strategy to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, mitochondria targeted antioxidant, mito-TEMPO was administered to male BALB/c mice at a dosage 0.1 mg/kg b.w. (intraperitoneal) twice a week, followed by single N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) intraperitoneal injection (10 mg/kg b.w.). After 24 h of NDEA administration, animals were sacrificed, blood and liver tissue were collected. Liver injury markers, histoarchitecture, antioxidant defence status, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), mitochondrial dysfunction analysis, and mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated. Mito-TEMPO pre-treatment protected animals from the damaging effects of NDEA as observed by normalization of liver injury markers. NDEA metabolism resulted in a significantly increased intracellular and mitochondrial ROS generation with concomitant increase in LPO formation. The activity of mitochondrial complex I, complex II, malate dehydrogenase were significantly reduced and mitochondrial membrane potential was increased. Mito-TEMPO effectively scavenged NDEA-induced ROS generation and reduced LPO formation. A significant improvement was also observed in the activity of mitochondrial complex I, complex II, malate dehydrogenase and normalisation of mitochondrial membrane potential. Results suggested that mito-TEMPO had significant impact on the initiation phase of hepatocarcinogensis which could be one of the reason for its reported chemopreventive effect.
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Javed Iqbal M, Quispe C, Javed Z, Sadia H, Qadri QR, Raza S, Salehi B, Cruz-Martins N, Abdulwanis Mohamed Z, Sani Jaafaru M, Abdull Razis AF, Sharifi-Rad J. Nanotechnology-Based Strategies for Berberine Delivery System in Cancer Treatment: Pulling Strings to Keep Berberine in Power. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:624494. [PMID: 33521059 PMCID: PMC7843460 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.624494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multifactorial disease characterized by complex molecular landscape and altered cell pathways that results in an abnormal cell growth. Natural compounds are target-specific and pose a limited cytotoxicity; therefore, can aid in the development of new therapeutic interventions for the treatment of this versatile disease. Berberine is a member of the protoberberine alkaloids family, mainly present in the root, stem, and bark of various trees, and has a reputed anticancer activity. Nonetheless, the limited bioavailability and low absorption rate are the two major hindrances following berberine administration as only 0.5% of ingested berberine absorbed in small intestine while this percentage is further decreased to 0.35%, when enter in systemic circulation. Nano-based formulation is believed to be an ideal candidate to increase absorption percentage as at nano scale level, compounds can absorb rapidly in gut. Nanotechnology-based therapeutic approaches have been implemented to overcome such problems, ultimately promoting a higher efficacy in the treatment of a plethora of diseases. This review present and critically discusses the anti-proliferative role of berberine and the nanotechnology-based therapeutic strategies used for the nano-scale delivery of berberine. Finally, the current approaches and promising perspectives of latest delivery of this alkaloid are also critically analyzed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | | | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Raza Qadri
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C Phase VI, Defense Housing Authority (DHA), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Zeinab Abdulwanis Mohamed
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Sani Jaafaru
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
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Ex vivo fecal fermentation of human ileal fluid collected after raspberry consumption modifies (poly)phenolics and modulates genoprotective effects in colonic epithelial cells. Redox Biol 2021; 40:101862. [PMID: 33486151 PMCID: PMC7823050 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diets rich in fruit and vegetables are associated with a decreased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) due, in part, to the bioactive (poly)phenolic components and their microbiota-mediated metabolites. This study investigated how such compounds, derived from ingested raspberries in the gastrointestinal tract, may exert protective effects by reducing DNA damage. Ileal fluids collected pre- and post-consumption of 300 g of raspberries by ileostomists (n = 11) were subjected to 24 h ex vivo fermentation with fecal inoculum to simulate interaction with colonic microbiota. The impact of fermentation on (poly)phenolics in ileal fluid was determined and the bioactivity of ileal fluids pre- and post fermentation investigated. (Poly)phenolic compounds including sanguiin H-6, sanguiin H-10 and cyanidin-3-O-sophoroside decreased significantly during fermentation while, in contrast, microbial catabolites, including 3-(3′-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and benzoic acid increased significantly. The post-raspberry ileal fermentate from 9 of the 11 ileostomates significantly decreased DNA damage (~30%) in the CCD 841 CoN normal cell line using an oxidative challenge COMET assay. The raspberry ileal fermentates also modulated gene expression of the nuclear factor 2–antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2-ARE) pathway involved in oxidative stress cytoprotection, namely Nrf2, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone-1 and heme oxygenase-1. Four of the phenolic catabolites were assessed individually, each significantly reducing DNA damage from an oxidative challenge over a physiologically relevant 10–100 μM range. They also induced a differential pattern of expression of key genes in the Nrf2-ARE pathway in CCD 841 CoN cells. The study indicates that the colon-available raspberry (poly)phenols and their microbial-derived catabolites may play a role in protection against CRC in vivo. Health effects of dietary (poly)phenols linked to interactions within the GI tract. Ileostomy-based bioavailability studies allow effective interrogation of the GI tract. Fecal fermentation of raspberry-enriched ileal fluid, increases phenolic content. Raspberry ileal fluid fermentates & phenolic acids reduce DNA damage in colonocytes. Cytoprotective Nrf2-ARE pathway modulated by ileal fluid fermentates & phenolic acids.
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Wang JQ, Lin HL, Chen PR, Mao CC, Zheng WE. Ferruginol-induced apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells (HCT-116) through the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_53_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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40
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Wang J, Tang P, Cai Q, Xie S, Duan X, Pan Y. Matrine Can Inhibit the Growth of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inducing Ferroptosis. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20982779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system that can seriously threaten human health. Chinese matrine is known to have a wide range of antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we evaluated the effect of matrine on ferroptosis using the HCT116 human colon cancer cell line. We evaluated cell viability and proliferation using the cell counting kit-8 assay and carried out cell clone formation experiment by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as levels of glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxide (MDA), Fe2+, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), transferrin receptor protein 2 (TFR2), and Sigma-1 receptor (Sigma-1R) in order to evaluate the redox status of cells. These results indicate that matrine can significantly reduce the cell viability of HCT116 and decrease cell proliferation. After treatment with matrine, ROS, Fe2+, and MDA levels increased significantly, while the GSH content decreased. In addition, the expression of GPX4, SLC7A11, and Sigma-1R decreased significantly, while the expression of ATF4 and TFR2 increased significantly. These results indicate that matrine can induce ferroptosis in CRC, which can provide new clues for further pharmacological research of matrine and provide experimental evidence for understanding its mechanism of inhibiting CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Peili Tang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Department of Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Quan Cai
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Huangshi No.5 Hospital, Huangshi, P. R. China
| | - Sifang Xie
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Department of Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xueyun Duan
- Department of Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yuzheng Pan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P. R. China
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41
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Tasdemir SS, Sanlier N. An insight into the anticancer effects of fermented foods: A review. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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42
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Deng Y, Li S, Wang M, Chen X, Tian L, Wang L, Yang W, Chen L, He F, Yin W. Flavonoid-rich extracts from okra flowers exert antitumor activity in colorectal cancer through induction of mitochondrial dysfunction-associated apoptosis, senescence and autophagy. Food Funct 2020; 11:10448-10466. [PMID: 33241810 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02081h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Okra flowers contain a higher content of total flavonoids than most other flowers; however little research has been conducted on their potential benefits, including antitumor activity. In this study, we extracted and purified flavonoids from okra flower (AFE), and aimed to evaluate the effect of AFE and its underlying mechanism on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Here, we identify that AFE is a safe, natural antioxidant and exerts significant antitumor efficacy on the inhibition of CRC cell proliferation and metastasis as well as tumour growth in vivo. We further reveal that AFE inhibits CRC cell proliferation by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, which results from the activation of p53 and induction of apoptosis and senescence, and inhibits autophagic degradation. Furthermore, AFE inhibited migration and invasion of CRC cells by regulating the balance of MMP2/TIMP2 and MMP9 expression levels. Of note, administration of AFE as a preventive agent achieves a more effective antitumor effect than the therapeutic agent in a xenograft mouse model. Our results reveal, for the first time, that AFE is a safe, natural antioxidant with significant antitumor efficacy, which has great potential in the application for CRC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanle Deng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Wang M, Zhao H, Wen X, Ho CT, Li S. Citrus flavonoids and the intestinal barrier: Interactions and effects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 20:225-251. [PMID: 33443802 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier plays a central role in sustaining gut homeostasis and, when dysfunctional, may contribute to diseases. Dietary flavonoids derived from Citrus genus represent one of the main naturally occurring phytochemicals with multiple potential benefits for the intestinal barrier function. In the intestine, citrus flavonoids (CFs) undergo ingestion from the lumen, biotransformation in the epithelial cells and/or crosstalk with luminal microbiota to afford various metabolites that may in turn exert protective actions on gut barrier along with their parental compounds. Specifically, the health-promoting properties of CFs and their metabolic bioactives for the intestinal barrier include their capacity to (a) modulate barrier permeability; (b) protect mucus layer; (c) regulate intestinal immune system; (d) fight against oxidative stress; and (e) positively shape microbiome and metabolome. Notably, local effects of CFs can also generate systemic benefits, for instance, improvement of gut microbial dysbiosis helpful to orchestrate gut homeostasis and leading to alleviation of systemic dysmetabolism. Given the important role of the intestinal barrier in overall health, further understanding of underlying action mechanisms and ultimate health effects of CFs as well as their metabolites on the intestine is of great significance to future application of citrus plants and their bioactives as dietary supplements and/or functional ingredients in medical foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory for EFGIR, Huanggang Normal University, Hubei, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Shiming Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory for EFGIR, Huanggang Normal University, Hubei, China.,Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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44
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Wang Z, Hu T, Jin C, Yu J, Zhu D, Liu J. The anti-tumor effect of miR-539-3p on colon cancer via regulating cell viability, motility, and nude mouse tumorigenicity with CDK14 inhibition. J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 11:899-910. [PMID: 33209486 PMCID: PMC7657824 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important functions in the growth and metastasis of colon cancer. This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor effect of micro ribonucleic acid 539-3p (miR-539-3p) on colon cancer via regulation of cell viability, motility, and nude mouse tumorigenicity with cyclin-dependent kinase 14 (CDK14) inhibition. METHODS The target relationship between miR-539-3p and CDK14 was predicted using TargetScan software, and were detected by luciferase reporter assay. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry were employed to examine cell proliferation and apoptosis. Western blotting was employed to measure the protein expression levels of p27, cleaved caspase-3, and epithelial (E)- and neural (N)-cadherin. The effect of miR-539-3p on tumor growth was evaluated by establishing a xenograft tumor model in nude mice. RESULTS The target relationship of CDK14 and miR-539-3p was identified as a negative regulator. Overexpression of miR-539-3p significantly inhibited SW620 and SW480 cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell invasion by targeting CDK14. The xenograft tumor model showed that the overexpression of miR-539-3p reduced tumor weight and volume. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the overexpression of miR-539-3p inhibited the expression of Ki67 and E-cadherin. Additionally, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining showed that overexpression of miR-539-3p induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of miR-539-3p inhibited SW620 and SW480 cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell invasion by targeting CDK14. Therefore, miR-539-3p may be a useful diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengwu Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangui Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongqiang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Abstract
A new sesquiterpene, namely linderolide U (1), was isolated from the root of Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm along with five known sesquiterpenes (2-6). The structures of the obtained compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods, specifically nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS). The acquired data were compared with those previously reported in the literature. The anticancer effects of the isolated natural products were studied using the HCT116 human colon cancer cell line. Compound 5 was found to significantly suppress cell proliferation, which was associated with induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest (G2/M and S phase). The findings of the present study suggest derivative 5 as a potential agent for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Bin Kwon
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Li
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Dharmawansa KS, Hoskin DW, Rupasinghe HPV. Chemopreventive Effect of Dietary Anthocyanins against Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Review of Recent Advances and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186555. [PMID: 32911639 PMCID: PMC7554903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a group of dietary polyphenols, abundant mainly in fruits and their products. Dietary interventions of anthocyanins are being studied extensively related to the prevention of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, among many other chronic disorders. This review summarizes the hereditary and non-hereditary characteristics of GI cancers, chemistry, and bioavailability of anthocyanins, and the most recent findings of anthocyanin in GI cancer prevention through modulating cellular signaling pathways. GI cancer-preventive attributes of anthocyanins are primarily due to their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties, and their ability to regulate gene expression and metabolic pathways, as well as induce the apoptosis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.V. Surangi Dharmawansa
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada;
| | - David W. Hoskin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada;
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-902-893-6623
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Anti‑proliferative effect of honokiol on SW620 cells through upregulating BMP7 expression via the TGF‑β1/p53 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2093-2107. [PMID: 32901874 PMCID: PMC7551181 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Honokiol (HNK), a natural pharmaceutically active component extracted from magnolia bark, has been used for clinical treatments and has anti‑inflammatory, antiviral and antioxidative effects. In recent years, anticancer research has become a major hotspot. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of how HNK inhibits colorectal cancer have remained elusive. The present study focused on elucidating the effects of HNK on the expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)7 and its downstream interaction with transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β1 and p53 in colon cancer. In in vitro assays, cell viability, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were examined using Cell Counting Kit‑8, flow cytometry and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, respectively. In addition, the expression of BMP7, TGF‑β1 and relevant signaling proteins was determined by western blot analysis. In vivo, the anticancer effect of HNK was assessed in xenografts in nude mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the association between BMP7 and TGF‑β1 expression in colon cancer. The results indicated that HNK inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cell lines, with SW620 cells being more sensitive than other colon cancer cell lines. Furthermore, HNK markedly promoted the expression of BMP7 at the mRNA and protein level. Exogenous BMP7 potentiated the effect of HNK on SW620 cells, while knocking down BMP7 inhibited it. As a downstream mechanism, HNK increased the expression of TGF‑β1 and p53, which was enhanced by exogenous BMP7 in SW620 cells. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis indicated a positive association between BMP7 and TGF‑β1 expression. Hence, the present results suggested that HNK is a promising agent for the treatment of colon cancer and enhanced the expression TGF‑β1 and p53 through stimulating BMP7 activity via the non‑canonical TGF‑β signaling pathway.
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Dariya B, Muppala S, Srivani G, Momin S, Alam A, Saddala MS. Targeting STAT proteins via computational analysis in colorectal cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:165-174. [PMID: 32840738 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer diagnosed worldwide making it a serious global challenge. CRC progression results from dysregulated cytoplasmic transcription factors, including signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins that are involved in JAK-STAT pathway. The STAT proteins contain a conserved SH2 domain that facilitates the initiation of STAT activation via binding to tyrosine motifs followed by STAT dimerization. The STAT proteins include STAT1, STAT2 and STAT3 which all facilitate therapeutic targets for many drugs, since they are associated with pathogenesis in various cancers such as CRC. Genistein is an efficient chemopreventive phytochemical drug against CRC. The current investigation presents a computational study performed to investigate the molecular interaction between STAT1, STAT2 and STAT3 proteins with genistein. The molecular dynamic simulation was conducted for STAT2 protein. The studies from molecular docking revealed that the interaction of STAT proteins and genistein is predicted to be effective with better binding energies. Furthermore, targeting STAT3 could be an efficient therapeutic target and understanding the interaction between STAT3 and genistein can help to contribute to a better inhibition process for CRC progression. Treatment with genistein led to significant suppression of cell proliferation and STAT3 protein expression in both CRC (HCT 116 and HT-29) cell lines. This further provides development of efficient STAT inhibitors with better potency and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Dariya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Santoshi Muppala
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gowru Srivani
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Saimila Momin
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Afroz Alam
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India
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Zhao J, Yu L, Zhai Q, Tian F, Zhang H, Chen W. Effects of probiotic administration on hepatic antioxidative parameters depending on oxidative stress models: A meta-analysis of animal experiments. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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50
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Chen YF, Lee AS, Chen WY, Lin CH, Kuo CL, Chung JG. Partitioned Extracts of Bauhinia championii Induce G 0/G 1 Phase Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:719-736. [PMID: 32349516 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bauhinia championii (Benth.) is one of the commonly used herbs in Taiwan. The stem of this plant has been used to treat epigastria pain and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the antitumor activities of this herb have never been reported. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of anticancer activity of the extracts from B. championii (BC). BC was fractionated with a series of organic solvents, including n-hexane (H), ethyl acetate (EA), 1-butanol (B), and water (W). We first investigated the effects of BC-H, BC-EA, BC-B and BC-W partitioned fraction on cell viability. In HCT 116 colon cancer cell lines, BC-EA showed the highest inhibition of cell viability and changed the morphology of cells. With dose- and time-dependent manners, BC-EA inhibited the proliferation of HCT 116 cells by inducing apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest of cell cycle. To determine the underlying mechanisms, down-regulated CDK2, Cyclin D, and Cyclin E and up-regulated p16, p21, and p53 may account for the cell cycle arrest, while the apoptotic effect of BC-EA may attribute to increased intracellular Ca2+, loss of mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm), increase of Bax, Bak, puma, and AIF, and decrease of Bcl-2. Furthermore, the inactivation of Ras signaling pathway by BC-EA also contributed to its apoptotic effect on HCT 116. Our study demonstrates that BC-EA not only inhibits cell growth but also induces apoptosis through inhibiting Ras signal pathway and increasing p53 expression levels. We suggest that BC-EA may be a new dietary supplement and a useful tool to search for therapeutic candidates against colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fang Chen
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - An-Sheng Lee
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Lin
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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