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Liu Z, Huang J, Wang X, Deng S, Zhou J, Gong Z, Li X, Wang Y, Yang J, Hu Y. Dapagliflozin suppress endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated apoptosis of chondrocytes by activating Sirt1. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 384:110724. [PMID: 37741535 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease characterized by inflammation and cartilage degeneration. Accumulating evidences support that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced OA chondrocytes apoptosis. The hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties render Dapagliflozin (DAPA) effective in reducing ER stress on cells. However, its impact and potential mechanisms on the OA pathology are still obscure. The present study aimed to investigate whether DAPA attenuates ER stress in chondrocytes by activating sirt1 and delays the progression of OA. METHODS In vitro, we first investigated the effect of DAPA on chondrocytes viability with IL-1β or not for 24 or 48 h. Then, chondrocytes were treated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β and 10 μM dapagliflozin with10 μM thapsigargin, 5 μM SRT1460 or not. Chondrocytes apoptosis in each group were detected by Tunel staining and flow cytometric. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to quantify the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, Sirt1 and CHOP in chondrocytes. Inhibition of ER stress in chondrocytes associated with sirt1 activation were verified by PCR and western blotting. In addition, the effects of DAPA on cartilage were validated by a series of experiments in OA rat model, such as micro-CT, histological and immunohistochemical assay. RESULTS The data demonstrated that DAPA alleviates IL-1β induced ER stress related chondrocytes apoptosis, and PCR and western blotting data confirmed that DAPA inhibits the PERK-eIF2α-CHOP pathway by activating Sirt1. Besides, immunohistochemical results showed that DAPA enhanced the expression of Sirt1 and Collagen II in OA rats, and inhibited the expression of CHOP and cleaved caspase-3. Meanwhile, histological staining and micro-CT photography also confirmed that DAPA alleviated inflammation and cartilage degeneration in OA rat. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated the relationship of ER stress and inflammation in the progression of OA, and verified that DAPA could inhibit PERK-eIF2α-CHOP axis of the ER stress response by activating Sirt1 in IL-1β treated rat chondrocytes and potentially prevent the OA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Xuezhong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Shuang Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Ziheng Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Xuyang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China.
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China.
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Su J, Yu M, Wang H, Wei Y. Natural anti-inflammatory products for osteoarthritis: From molecular mechanism to drug delivery systems and clinical trials. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4321-4352. [PMID: 37641442 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects millions globally. The present nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatments have different side effects, leading researchers to focus on natural anti-inflammatory products (NAIPs). To review the effectiveness and mechanisms of NAIPs in the cellular microenvironment, examining their impact on OA cell phenotype and organelles levels. Additionally, we summarize relevant research on drug delivery systems and clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs), to promote clinical studies and explore natural product delivery options. English-language articles were searched on PubMed using the search terms "natural products," "OA," and so forth. We categorized search results based on PubChem and excluded "natural products" which are mix of ingredients or compounds without the structure message. Then further review was separately conducted for molecular mechanisms, drug delivery systems, and RCTs later. At present, it cannot be considered that NAIPs can thoroughly prevent or cure OA. Further high-quality studies on the anti-inflammatory mechanism and drug delivery systems of NAIPs are needed, to determine the appropriate drug types and regimens for clinical application, and to explore the combined effects of different NAIPs to prevent and treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbang Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Minghao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haochen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingliang Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Mustapha M, Mat Taib CN. Beneficial Role of Vitexin in Parkinson's Disease. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:8-25. [PMID: 37102042 PMCID: PMC10125247 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, Parkinson's disease (PD) is the foremost neurological disorder all across the globe. In the quest for a novel therapeutic agent for PD with a multimodal mechanism of action and relatively better safety profile, natural flavonoids are now receiving greater attention as a potential source of neuroprotection. Vitexin have been shown to exhibit diverse biological benefits in various disease conditions, including PD. It exerts its anti-oxidative property in PD patients by either directly scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) or by upregulating the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Also, vitexin activates the ERK1/1 and phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pro-survival signalling pathway, which upregulates the release of anti-apoptotic proteins and downregulates the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins. It could be antagonistic to protein misfolding and aggregation. Studies have shown that it can also act as an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) enzyme, thereby increasing striatal dopamine levels, and hence, restoring the behavioural deficit in experimental PD models. Such promising pharmacological potential of vitexin could be a game-changer in devising novel therapeutic strategies against PD. This review discusses the chemistry, properties, sources, bioavailability and safety profile of vitexin. The possible molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective action of vitexin in the pathogenesis of PD alongside its therapeutic potential is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Mustapha
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Che Norma Mat Taib
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Dennis EP, Watson RN, McPate F, Briggs MD. Curcumin Reduces Pathological Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress through Increasing Proteolysis of Mutant Matrilin-3. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021496. [PMID: 36675026 PMCID: PMC9867355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The intracellular retention of mutant cartilage matrix proteins and pathological endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress disrupts ossification and has been identified as a shared disease mechanism in a range of skeletal dysplasias including short limbed-dwarfism, multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 5 (EDM5). Although targeting ER stress is an attractive avenue for treatment and has proven successful in the treatment of a related skeletal dysplasia, to date no drugs have proven successful in reducing ER stress in EDM5 caused by the retention of mutant matrilin-3. Our exciting findings show that by using our established luciferase ER stress screening assay, we can identify a "natural" chemical, curcumin, which is able to reduce pathological ER stress in a cell model of EDM5 by promoting the proteasomal degradation mutant matrilin-3. Therefore, this is an important in vitro study in which we describe, for the first time, the success of a naturally occurring chemical as a potential treatment for this currently incurable rare skeletal disease. As studies show that curcumin can be used as a potential treatment for range of diseases in vitro, current research is focused on developing novel delivery strategies to enhance its bioavailability. This is an important and exciting area of research that will have significant clinical impact on a range of human diseases including the rare skeletal disease, EDM5.
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Ye Y, Zhou J. The protective activity of natural flavonoids against osteoarthritis by targeting NF-κB signaling pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1117489. [PMID: 36998478 PMCID: PMC10043491 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1117489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a typical joint disease associated with chronic inflammation. The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway plays an important role in inflammatory activity and inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation can be a potential strategy for treating OA. Flavonoids are a class of naturally occurring polyphenols with anti-inflammatory properties. Structurally, natural flavonoids can be divided into several sub-groups, including flavonols, flavones, flavanols/catechins, flavanones, anthocyanins, and isoflavones. Increasing evidence demonstrates that natural flavonoids exhibit protective activity against the pathological changes of OA by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Potentially, natural flavonoids may suppress NF-κB signaling-mediated inflammatory responses, ECM degradation, and chondrocyte apoptosis. The different biological actions of natural flavonoids against the NF-κB signaling pathway in OA chondrocytes might be associated with the differentially substituted groups on the structures. In this review, the efficacy and action mechanism of natural flavonoids against the development of OA are discussed by targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Potentially, flavonoids could become useful inhibitors of the NF-κB signaling pathway for the therapeutic management of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianguo Zhou,
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The natural product salicin alleviates osteoarthritis progression by binding to IRE1α and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress through the IRE1α-IκBα-p65 signaling pathway. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1927-1939. [PMID: 36357568 PMCID: PMC9722708 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) in older populations, disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) are still lacking. This study was performed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of the small molecular drug salicin (SA) on OA progression. Primary rat chondrocytes were stimulated with TNF-α and treated with or without SA. Inflammatory factors, cartilage matrix degeneration markers, and cell proliferation and apoptosis markers were detected at the mRNA and protein levels. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by EdU assays or flow cytometric analysis. RNA sequencing, molecular docking and drug affinity-responsive target stability analyses were used to clarify the mechanisms. The rat OA model was used to evaluate the effect of intra-articular injection of SA on OA progression. We found that SA rescued TNF-α-induced degeneration of the cartilage matrix, inhibition of chondrocyte proliferation, and promotion of chondrocyte apoptosis. Mechanistically, SA directly binds to IRE1α and occupies the IRE1α phosphorylation site, preventing IRE1α phosphorylation and regulating IRE1α-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by IRE1α-IκBα-p65 signaling. Finally, intra-articular injection of SA-loaded lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) ameliorated OA progression by inhibiting IRE1α-mediated ER stress in the OA model. In conclusion, SA alleviates OA by directly binding to the ER stress regulator IRE1α and inhibits IRE1α-mediated ER stress via IRE1α-IκBα-p65 signaling. Topical use of the small molecular drug SA shows potential to modify OA progression.
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Li X, Ge M, Zhu W, Wang P, Wang J, Tai T, Wang Y, Sun J, Shi G. Protective Effects of Astilbin Against Cadmium-Induced Apoptosis in Chicken Kidneys via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4430-4443. [PMID: 34799836 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) can cause endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis in animals. The kidney is an organ seriously affected by Cd because it can accumulate metal ions. Astilbin (ASB) is a dihydroflavonol rhamnoside, which has an anti-renal injury effect. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of ASB on Cd-induced ERS and apoptosis in the chicken kidney. In this study, a total of 120 1-day-old chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups. Chickens were fed with a basic diet (Con group), ASB 40 mg/kg (ASB group), CdCl2 150 mg/kg + ASB 40 mg/kg (ASB/Cd group), and CdCl2 150 mg/kg (Cd group) for 90 days. The results showed that Cd exposure induced pathological and ultrastructural damages and apoptosis in chicken kidneys. Compared with the Con group, metallothionein (MT1/MT2) level, nitric oxide (NO) content, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, ERS-related genes 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (Grp78), protein kinase PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (Perk), activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4) and CAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (Chop), and pro-apoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X (Bax), caspase-12, caspase-9, caspase-3 expression levels, and apoptotic rate were significantly increased in the Cd group. The expression level of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in the Cd group. ASB/Cd combined treatment significantly improves the damage of chicken kidneys by ameliorating Cd-induced kidney ERS and apoptosis. Cd can cause the disorder of the GRP78 signal axis, activate the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway, aggravate the structural damage and dysfunction of ER, and promote the apoptosis of chicken kidneys, while the above changes were significantly alleviated in the ASB/Cd group. The results showed that ASB antagonizes the negative effects of Cd and against Cd-induced apoptosis in chicken kidneys via ERS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangfeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiange Tai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxu Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangliang Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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Vitexin Mitigates Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Mastitis via Regulation of ROS/ER Stress/NF- κB/MAPK Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7977433. [PMID: 35795861 PMCID: PMC9252844 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7977433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis, caused by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, seriously threatens the safety and economic benefits of the dairy industry. Vitexin, a flavone glucoside found in many plant species, has been widely reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects. However, few studies have explored the effect of vitexin on mastitis. This study is aimed at exploring whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of vitexin can improve Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis and its possible molecular mechanism. The expression profiles of S. aureus-infected bovine mammary epithelial cells and gland tissues from the GEO data set (GSE94056 and GSE139612) were analyzed and found that DEGs were mainly involved in immune signaling pathways, apoptosis, and ER stress through GO and KEGG enrichment. Vitexin blocked the production of ROS and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT) via activation of PPARγ in vivo and in vitro. In addition, vitexin reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and inhibited apoptosis in MAC-T cells and mouse mammary tissues infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, vitexin decreased the expression of PDI, Ero1-Lα, p-IRE1α, PERK, p-eIF2α, and CHOP protein but increased BiP in both mammary gland cells and tissues challenged by S. aureus. Western blot results also found that the phosphorylation levels of JNK, ERK, p38, and p65 were reduced in vitexin-treated tissues and cells. Vitexin inhibited the production of ROS through promoting PPARγ, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis by alleviating ER stress and inactivation MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway. Vitexin maybe have great potential to be a preventive and therapeutic agent for mastitis.
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Zeng CY, Wang XF, Hua FZ. HIF-1α in Osteoarthritis: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Implications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:927126. [PMID: 35865944 PMCID: PMC9294386 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common age-related joint degenerative disease. Pain, swelling, brief morning stiffness, and functional limitations are its main characteristics. There are still no well-established strategies to cure osteoarthritis. Therefore, better clarification of mechanisms associated with the onset and progression of osteoarthritis is critical to provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. Chondrocytes exist in a hypoxic environment, and HIF-1α plays a vital role in regulating hypoxic response. HIF-1α responds to cellular oxygenation decreases in tissue regulating survival and growth arrest of chondrocytes. The activation of HIF-1α could regulate autophagy and apoptosis of chondrocytes, decrease inflammatory cytokine synthesis, and regulate the chondrocyte extracellular matrix environment. Moreover, it could maintain the chondrogenic phenotype that regulates glycolysis and the mitochondrial function of osteoarthritis, resulting in a denser collagen matrix that delays cartilage degradation. Thus, HIF-1α is likely to be a crucial therapeutic target for osteoarthritis via regulating chondrocyte inflammation and metabolism. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of hypoxia in the pathogenic mechanisms of osteoarthritis, and focus on a series of therapeutic treatments targeting HIF-1α for osteoarthritis. Further clarification of the regulatory mechanisms of HIF-1α in osteoarthritis may provide more useful clues to developing novel osteoarthritis treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Yang Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi-Feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xi-Feng Wang, ; Fu-Zhou Hua,
| | - Fu-Zhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xi-Feng Wang, ; Fu-Zhou Hua,
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Chen B, Fang L, Lin L, Lv Y, Huang Z, Lin X, Wang X. Aerobic exercise combined with glucosamine hydrochloride capsules inhibited the apoptosis of chondrocytes in rabbit knee osteoarthritis by affecting TRPV5 expression. Gene X 2022; 830:146465. [PMID: 35427733 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise combined with glucosamine (OTL) on the apoptosis of chondrocytes of rabbit knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by affecting the expression of TRPV5. METHODS After the KOA white rabbit model was established, aerobic training and OTL treatment were performed, then the model joints were evaluated by Mankin, HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of articular cartilage, TUNEL and immunohistochemistry were used to detect chondrocyte apoptosis. Knee chondrocytes were isolated and identified by Alcian Blue and type II collagen fiber staining. The cells were treated with iodoacetic acid (MIA) to simulate osteoarthritis in vitro, and then the effect of TRPV5 on apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, in addition, apoptosis-related proteins and TRPV5 were detected by western blotting and qRT-PCR. RESULTS Both aerobic exercise and OTL treatment could significantly reduce the Mankin score of KOA model, and could effectively inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis in the KOA model, and inhibit the expression of caspase 3 and caspase 9 in the KOA model. TRPV5 expression was significantly increased in the model, while both aerobic exercise and OTL could reverse its expression. The low-expression of TRPV5 significantly reversed the role of MIA in promoting apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins of knee chondrocytes, while overexpressing TRPV5 promoted MIA-induced apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins. CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise combined with glucosamine hydrochloride capsules inhibited the apoptosis of chondrocytes in rabbit KOA by affecting the expression of TRPV5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
| | - Lei Fang
- Joint and sports injuries, Guangzhou Tianhe District Chinese Medicine Hospital, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Liangzhuo Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangcheng District, Yangjiang city, Guangdong Province 529500, China
| | - Yang Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Zexin Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, GuangDong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
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Ong WY, Herr DR, Sun GY, Lin TN. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phytochemical Components of Clinacanthus nutans. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113607. [PMID: 35684542 PMCID: PMC9182488 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies on the ethnomedicinal use of Clinacanthus nutans suggest promising anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic, and antiviral properties for this plant. Extraction of the leaves with polar and nonpolar solvents has yielded many C-glycosyl flavones, including schaftoside, isoorientin, orientin, isovitexin, and vitexin. Aside from studies with different extracts, there is increasing interest to understand the properties of these components, especially regarding their ability to exert anti-inflammatory effects on cells and tissues. A major focus for this review is to obtain information on the effects of C. nutans extracts and its phytochemical components on inflammatory signaling pathways in the peripheral and central nervous system. Particular emphasis is placed on their role to target the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-NF-kB pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokines, the antioxidant defense pathway involving nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1); and the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) pathway linking to cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and production of eicosanoids. The ability to provide a better understanding of the molecular targets and mechanism of action of C. nutans extracts and their phytochemical components should encourage future studies to develop new therapeutic strategies for better use of this herb to combat inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
- Correspondence:
| | - Deron R. Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore;
| | - Grace Y. Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Teng-Nan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
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Lee SY, Wong PF, Jamal J, Roebuck MM. Naturally-derived endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitors for osteoarthritis? Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 922:174903. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Zhang L, Chen D, Tu Y, Sang T, Pan T, Lin H, Cai C, Jin X, Wu F, Xu L, Chen Y. Vitexin attenuates autoimmune hepatitis in mouse induced by syngeneic liver cytosolic proteins via activation of AMPK/AKT/GSK-3β/Nrf2 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 917:174720. [PMID: 34953801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic progressive liver disease that currently does not have a successful therapeutic option. Vitexin, a bioflavonoid isolated from various medicinal plants, possesses a variety of activities; however, whether vitexin protects against AIH remains unclear. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effects and mechanism of action of vitexin in both an experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH) mouse model and in D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS)-induced hepatocyte injury. Syngeneic liver antigen S100 was used to establish EAH. Vitexin treatment significantly decreased the infiltration of inflammatory and CD4+ T cells in the liver, reduced ALT and AST levels in the serum and attenuated hepatic injury due to oxidative stress. Moreover, vitexin mitigated the upregulation of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and the downregulation of Bcl-2 in the livers of AIH mice. These regulations were accompanied by not only increased phosphorylation of AMPK, AKT and GSK-3β but also activation of Nrf2. Furthermore, vitexin inhibited apoptosis and the overexpression of inflammatory cytokines in D-GalN/LPS-treated AML12 cells. In addition, vitexin enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK, AKT and GSK-3β. When AML12 cells were treated with an inhibitor of AMPK/AKT or specific siRNA targeting Nrf2, vitexin did not further induce the activation of Nrf2/HO-1. A molecular docking study confirmed that vitexin could interact with AMPK through hydrogen bonding interactions. In conclusion, vitexin ameliorated hepatic injury in EAH mice through activation of the AMPK/AKT/GSK-3β pathway and upregulation of the Nrf2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Dazhi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Peking University, BeiJing, 100032, China
| | - Yulu Tu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, 315336, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tiantian Sang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Tongtong Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Hongwei Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Chao Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Xiaozhi Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Faling Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Lanman Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China.
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14
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Wang ZY, Xiong H, Duan LY, Wang CF, Du YL, Hong X, Zha HH, Pan HF. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS based metabolomics study of hawthorn leaves in different geographical regions. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:5458-5466. [PMID: 34734931 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01150b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The quality evaluation of hawthorn leaves in different geographical regions derived from the dried leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. Var. Major N.E.Br. or Crataegus pinnatifida Bge., a common blood-activating and stasis-eliminating traditional Chinese medicine, has hardly been reported. In this study, the chemical comparison of 40 batches of hawthorn leaf samples collected from Hebei, Liaoning, Shandong and Shanxi Provinces was performed using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolic profile and pattern recognition analysis approach. A total of 233 compounds were determined. Among them, 40 compounds were selected as potential metabolites responsible for the differential clustering, and the differential metabolite-based evaluation model was applied to well distinguish the origin of seven batches of hawthorn leaves sold on the market. Further analysis of the KEGG pathway showed that five core metabolites containing flavonoids and lignins were mainly involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, and stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis. Taking the content of flavonoids, core markers, as the evaluation basis, it was found that the quality of hawthorn leaves in Hebei and Liaoning was better. The study provides a reference for the rational utilization of hawthorn leaves, and highlights that the metabolomics-driven analysis method is more suitable for the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Wang
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
| | - Hui Xiong
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
| | - Li-Ying Duan
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
| | - Chen-Feng Wang
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
| | - Yi-Long Du
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
| | - Xia Hong
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
| | - Hai-Hong Zha
- SCIEX, Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200335, PR China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
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15
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Zhang XX, He SH, Liang X, Li W, Li TF, Li DF. Aging, Cell Senescence, the Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapies of Osteoarthritis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:728100. [PMID: 34497523 PMCID: PMC8419276 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.728100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, debilitating joint disease characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage. For a long time, OA has been considered as a degenerative disease, while recent observations indicate the mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of OA are multifaceted. Aging is a key factor in its development. Current treatments are palliative and no disease modifying anti-osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) are available. In addition to articular cartilage degradation, cellular senescence, synovial inflammation, and epigenetic alterations may all have a role in its formation. Accumulating data demonstrate a clear relationship between the senescence of articular chondrocytes and OA formation and progression. Inhibition of cell senescence may help identify new agents with the properties of DMOADs. Several anti-cellular senescence strategies have been proposed and these include sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs), senolytics, and senomorphics drugs. These agents may selectively remove senescent cells or ameliorate their harmful effects. The results from preclinical experiments and clinical trials are inspiring. However, more studies are warranted to confirm their efficacy, safety profiles and adverse effects of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shi-Hao He
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xu Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tian-Fang Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dai-Feng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Vitexin Mitigates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Epac1-Rap1 Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9921982. [PMID: 34257823 PMCID: PMC8260301 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9921982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Revascularization is an effective therapy for rescuing myocardial tissue after ischemic events. However, the process of reperfusion can lead to more severe cardiomyocyte damage, called myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (MIRI). We have previously shown that vitexin (VT) (a flavonoid compound derived from natural products) protects against MIRI; however, the exact mechanisms underpinning this effect require further elucidation. This study is aimed at elucidating the protective mechanism of VT in inhibiting ischemic myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction and reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis by regulating Epac1-Rap1 signaling. Isolated rat hearts were subjected to MIRI in a Langendorff perfusion system, and H9c2 cells were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in vitro. Our analyses show that during I/R, Epac1 expression was upregulated, left ventricular dysfunction deteriorated, mitochondrial dynamics were disrupted, and both myocardial cells and tissues exhibited apoptosis. Furthermore, administration of 8-CPT (an Epac agonist) exacerbated cardiomyocyte injury and mitochondrial dysfunction. Interestingly, suppressing the function of Epac1 through VT or ESI-09 (an Epac inhibitor) treatment during I/R reduced the myocardial infarct size, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species production; alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential; elevated MFN2 expression; and inhibited Drp1 expression. To our knowledge, our results reveal, for the first time, the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of VT in the myocardium of rats with MIRI. Moreover, we provide a new target and theoretical basis for VT in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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17
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Zhang Q, Fan Z, Xue W, Sun F, Zhu H, Huang D, Wang Z, Dong L. Vitexin regulates Epac and NLRP3 and ameliorates chronic cerebral hypoperfusion injury. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:1079-1087. [PMID: 33915055 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH), as a critical factor of chronic cerebrovascular diseases, has greatly influenced the health of patients with vascular dementia. Vitexin, a flavone C-glycoside (apigenin-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside) that belongs to the flavone subclass of flavonoids, has been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-ischemic properties; however, the putative protective effects of vitexin on the CCH need further investigation. In the current study, the role of vitexin and its underlying mechanism were investigated with permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO) in rats as well as mouse hippocampal neuronal (HT22) cells with oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury model. The results demonstrated that vitexin improved cognitive dysfunction as well as alleviated pathological neuronal damage in hematoxylin plus eosin (HE) and TUNEL results. The decreased levels of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1 (Epac1), Epac2, Ras-associated protein 1 (Rap1), and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) were reversed by vitexin in rats with CCH. Furthermore, this study indicated that vitexin alleviated CCH-induced inflammation injuries by reducing the expression of NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and cleaved caspase-3. In vitro, vitexin increased the expression of Epac1 and Epac2, decreased the activation of the NLRP3-mediated inflammation, and improved cell viability. Taken together, our findings suggest that vitexin can reduce the degree of the progressing pathological damage in the cortex and hippocampus and inhibit further deterioration of cognitive function in rats with CCH. Epac and NLRP3 can be regulated by vitexin in vivo and in vitro, which provides enlightenment for the protection of CCH injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhijia Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fanfan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huaqing Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dake Huang
- Synthetic Laboratory of School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuyi Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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18
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Naik SR, Bharadwaj P, Dingelstad N, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Mandal SC, Ganesan A, Chattopadhyay D, Palit P. Structure-based virtual screening, molecular dynamics and binding affinity calculations of some potential phytocompounds against SARS-CoV-2. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:6921-6938. [PMID: 33682632 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1891969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 caused by a positive-sense single stranded RNA virus named as severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) triggered the global pandemic. This virus has infected about 10.37 Crores and taken lives of 2.24 Crores people of 213 countries to date. To cope-up this emergency clinical trials are undergoing with some existing drugs like remdesivir, flavipiravir, lopinavir-ritonavir, nafamostat, doxycycline, hydroxy-chloroquine, dexamethasone, etc., despite their severe toxicity and health hazards among diabetics, hypertensive, cardiac patients or normal individuals. The lack of safe and approved treatment for COVID-19 has forced the scientific community to find novel and safe compounds with potential efficacy. This study evaluates a few selective herbal compounds like glucoraphanin, vitexin, niazinin, etc., as a potential inhibitor of the spike protein and 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) or main protease (Mpro) of SARS-COV-2 through in-silico virtual studies such as molecular docking, target analysis, toxicity prediction and ADME prediction and supported by a Molecular-Dynamic simulation. Selective phytocompounds were docked successfully in the binding site of spike glycoprotein and 3CLpro (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2. In-silico approaches also predict this molecule to have good solubility, pharmacodynamic property and target accuracy through MD simulation and ADME studies. These hit molecules niazinin, vitexin, glucoraphanin also obey Lipinski's rule along with their stable binding towards target protein of the virus, which makes them suitable for further biochemical and cell-based assays followed by clinical investigations to highlight their potential use in COVID-19 treatment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Rakesh Naik
- ArGan's Lab, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Prashant Bharadwaj
- Department of Computer science and Engineering, NIT Agartala, Agartala, India
| | - Nadia Dingelstad
- ArGan's Lab, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Subhash C Mandal
- Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy Research Laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Aravindhan Ganesan
- ArGan's Lab, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Partha Palit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
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19
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Molecular and Cellular Effects of Chemical Chaperone-TUDCA on ER-Stressed NHAC-kn Human Articular Chondrocytes Cultured in Normoxic and Hypoxic Conditions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040878. [PMID: 33562298 PMCID: PMC7915106 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered one of the most common arthritic diseases characterized by progressive degradation and abnormal remodeling of articular cartilage. Potential therapeutics for OA aim at restoring proper chondrocyte functioning and inhibiting apoptosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) showed anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activity in many models of various diseases, acting mainly via alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, little is known about cytoprotective effects of TUDCA on chondrocyte cells. The present study was designed to evaluate potential effects of TUDCA on interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tunicamycin (TNC)-stimulated NHAC-kn chondrocytes cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Our results showed that TUDCA alleviated ER stress in TNC-treated chondrocytes, as demonstrated by reduced CHOP expression; however, it was not effective enough to prevent apoptosis of NHAC-kn cells in either normoxia nor hypoxia. However, co-treatment with TUDCA alleviated inflammatory response induced by IL-1β, as shown by down regulation of Il-1β, Il-6, Il-8 and Cox2, and increased the expression of antioxidant enzyme Sod2. Additionally, TUDCA enhanced Col IIα expression in IL-1β- and TNC-stimulated cells, but only in normoxic conditions. Altogether, these results suggest that although TUDCA may display chondoprotective potential in ER-stressed cells, further analyses are still necessary to fully confirm its possible recommendation as potential candidate in OA therapy.
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Tantowi NACA, Mohamed S, Lau SF, Hussin P. Comparison of diclofenac with apigenin-glycosides rich Clinacanthus nutans extract for amending inflammation and catabolic protease regulations in osteoporotic-osteoarthritis rat model. Daru 2020; 28:443-453. [PMID: 32388789 PMCID: PMC7704886 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporotic-osteoarthritis is an incapacitating musculoskeletal illness of the aged. OBJECTIVES The anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic actions of Diclofenac were compared with apigenin-C-glycosides rich Clinacanthus nutans (CN) leaf extract in osteoporotic-osteoarthritis rats. METHODS Female Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into five groups (n = 6). Four groups were bilateral ovariectomised for osteoporosis development, and osteoarthritis were induced by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the right knee joints. The Sham group was sham-operated, received saline injection and deionized drinking water. The treatment groups were orally given 200 or 400 mg extract/kg body weight or 5 mg diclofenac /kg body weight daily for 28 days. Articular cartilage and bone changes were monitored by gross and histological structures, micro-CT analysis, serum protein biomarkers, and mRNA expressions for inflammation and catabolic protease genes. RESULTS HPLC analysis confirmed that apigenin-C-glycosides (shaftoside, vitexin, and isovitexin) were the major compounds in the extract. The extract significantly and dose-dependently reduced cartilage erosion, bone loss, cartilage catabolic changes, serum osteoporotic-osteoarthritis biomarkers (procollagen-type-II-N-terminal-propeptide PIINP; procollagen-type-I-N-terminal-propeptide PINP; osteocalcin), inflammation (IL-1β) and mRNA expressions for nuclear-factor-kappa-beta NF-κβ, interleukin-1-beta IL-1β, cyclooxygenase-2; and matrix-metalloproteinase-13 MMP13 activities, in osteoporotic-osteoarthritis rats comparable to Diclofenac. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that apigenin-C-glycosides at 400 mg CN extract/kg (about 0.2 mg apigenin-equivalent/kg) is comparable to diclofenac in suppressing inflammation and catabolic proteases for osteoporotic-osteoarthritis prevention. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Adeelah Che Ahmad Tantowi
- UPM-MAKNA Laboratory of Cancer Research, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancashire, UK
| | - Suhaila Mohamed
- UPM-MAKNA Laboratory of Cancer Research, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Seng Fong Lau
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Paisal Hussin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
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21
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Li XS, Tang XY, Su W, Li X. Vitexin protects melanocytes from oxidative stress via activating MAPK-Nrf2/ARE pathway. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:594-603. [PMID: 33045867 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1835952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitiligo is the most common type of depigmented skin disease. Cellular oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway plays an important role in melanocytes against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative stress. In addition, vitexin may protect vitiligo by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we aimed to investigate the antioxidant effect of vitexin-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-Nrf2/ARE axis in vitiligo. METHODS MTT assay identified cell viability of human melanocyte PIG1. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Gene and protein expression levels were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expressions of inflammatory factors and ROS production. RESULTS Vitexin inhibited H2O2-induced melanocyte apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation. Moreover, vitexin decreased expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-17A, and ROS in melanocytes induced by H2O2. Subsequently, activation of MAPK-Nrf2/ARE signaling was readily induced by vitexin treatment, as evidenced by the upregulation of antioxidant genes including heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Knockdown of Nrf2 reversed the protective effect of vitexin on H2O2-induced melanocytes. And, knockdown of Nrf2 increased the expression of IL-1β, IL-17A and ROS, and reduced HO-1 and SOD expression. CONCLUSIONS Vitexin protected melanocytes from oxidative stress by activating MAPK-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Our results suggested that the role of the Nrf2/ARE axis in the antioxidant defense of melanocytes, and the potential therapeutic strategy for vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Sha Li
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Yong Tang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Hunan Provincal Key Laboratory of Diagnostic in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
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22
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Costa EC, Menezes PMN, Silva FS, Ribeiro LADA, Rolim LA, Araújo ECDC, Nunes XP. Jatropha mutabilis, a new source of vitexin: HPLC quantification and pharmacological evaluation. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:6200-6203. [PMID: 33121280 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1837807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Jatropha mutabilis (Pohl) Baill is an endemic species of the Caatinga biome, little studied in terms of chemical composition. The objective of this work was to develop an analytical methodology to quantify vitexin in the ethanolic extract of J. mutabilis and to evaluate the expectorant and antitussive activities in mice. The expectorant activity was performed by measuring the phenol red obtained from the bronchoalveolar fluid in animals and the antitussive activity was evaluated by the cough method induced by citric acid (0.4 M). The method developed by HPLC-DAD proved to be simple, linear, precise, accurate, robust and specific. Besides, both vitexin (0.2, 1 and 5 mg/kg) and the extract of J. mutabilis (20, 102, 510 mg/kg) showed efficacy in decrease cough and increase aqueous mucus in mice, but vitexin was more potent. Lastly, the identification of vitexin opens the possibility of new studies for J. mutabilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliatania Clementino Costa
- Rede Nordeste de Biostecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrício Souza Silva
- Pós-graduação em Biociências (PGB), Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Araújo Rolim
- Rede Nordeste de Biostecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Biociências (PGB), Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
| | | | - Xirley Pereira Nunes
- Rede Nordeste de Biostecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Biociências (PGB), Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
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Liu J, Yang H, Zhang H, Liu Q, Zhou P, He F, Zhang M, Yu S, Liu J, Wang M. Biomechanically reduced expression of Derlin-3 is linked to the apoptosis of chondrocytes in the mandibular condylar cartilage via the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 118:104843. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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24
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Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds by UPLC-MS/MS and biological activities of Pholidota chinensis Lindl. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 187:113350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Absorption, metabolism, and bioactivity of vitexin: recent advances in understanding the efficacy of an important nutraceutical. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1049-1064. [PMID: 32292045 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1753165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
vitexin, an apigenin-8-C-glucoside, is widely present in numerous edible and medicinal plants. vitexin possesses a variety of bioactive properties, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, neuron-protection, and cardio-protection. Other beneficial health effects, such as fat reduction, glucose metabolism, and hepatoprotection, have also been reported in recent studies. This review briefly discusses the absorption and metabolism of vitexin, as well as its influence on gut microbiota. Recent advances in understanding the pharmacological and biological effects of vitexin are then reviewed. Improved knowledge of the absorption, metabolism, bioactivity, and molecular targets of vitexin is crucial for the better utilization of this emerging nutraceutical as a chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent.
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26
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Sae-Tan S, Kumrungsee T, Yanaka N. Mungbean seed coat water extract inhibits inflammation in LPS-induced acute liver injury mice and LPS-stimulated RAW 246.7 macrophages via the inhibition of TAK1/IκBα/NF-κB. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:2659-2668. [PMID: 32549616 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in pathogenesis and progression of many chronic diseases. Although, anti-inflammatory activities of mungbean have been suggested, the underlying mechanism have not been fully understood. The present study aimed to reveal the anti-inflammatory effects of mungbean seed coat water extract (MSWE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammation in RAW 246.7 macrophages and LPS-induced acute liver injury mice. MSWE pretreatment downregulated the elevated expression of inflammatory markers induced by LPS in the transcriptional and protein level. MSWE inhibited NF-κB activation through the suppression of phosphorylated p65 subunit, IκBα degradation, and transforming growth factor-β-activated kinases 1 (TAK1) phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated RAW 246.7 cells. Vitexin, the major flavonoid in MSWE showed similar effects. In in vivo experiments, we found that oral administration of MSWE downregulated iNOS expression in LPS-induced acute liver injury mice. The mRNA expression of inflammatory markers and macrophage infiltration was also decreased in the livers. Collectively, MSWE exerts anti-inflammatory role, in part possibly through its active compound vitexin, by inhibiting NF-κB activation via inhibition of TAK1 phosphorylation and IκBα degradation. This suggests that MSWE is beneficial to combat various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudathip Sae-Tan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd. Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima Japan
| | - Noriyuki Yanaka
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima Japan
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27
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Li ZZ, Wang F, Liu S, Li H, Wang Y. Ablation of PKM2 ameliorated ER stress-induced apoptosis and associated inflammation response in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes via blocking Rspo2-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4204-4213. [PMID: 31916291 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the related apoptosis and inflammation damage play key roles in osteoarthritis development. The aim of the present work was to investigate the exact role and potential underlying mechanism of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) in rat chondrocytes exposed to interleukin-Iβ (IL-1β). We observed that IL-1β stimulation resulted in an apparent enhancement in PKM2 expression. Additionally, loss of PKM2 evidently ascended cell viability in response to IL-1β exposure. Simultaneously, elimination of PKM2 manifestly repressed IL-1β-stimulated chondrocyte apoptosis, concomitant with attenuated in the proapoptotic protein markers Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and elevated the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In the meanwhile, knockdown of PKM2 ameliorated ER stress in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes, as evidenced by reduced expression of the ER stress-associated proteins GRP78, CHOP, and cleaved caspase-12. Furthermore, PKM2 silencing protected chondrocytes against IL-1β-triggered inflammatory response, as reflected by the downregulated release of proinflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and prostaglandin E2, as well as decreased nitric oxide generation. More important, abrogating PKM2 expression caused a marked decline in Rspo2 expression, and subsequently blocked Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Mechanistically, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling activator Licl effectively impeded the beneficial effects of PKM2 ablation on IL-1β-stimulated apoptosis and inflammatory response. These findings collectively implicated that PKM2 inhibition protected against ER stress-mediated cell apoptosis and inflammatory injury in rat chondrocytes stimulated with IL-1β by inactivating Rspo2-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and may represented a novel therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhou Li
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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28
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Peng Y, Sun Q, Xu W, He Y, Jin W, Yuan L, Gao R. Vitexin ameliorates high fat diet-induced obesity in male C57BL/6J mice via the AMPKα-mediated pathway. Food Funct 2019; 10:1940-1947. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00148d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Vitexin, a bioactive compound isolated from hawthorn leaf extracts, can prevent HFD-induced obesity/adipogenesis via the AMPKα mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Peng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
| | - Quancai Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
| | - Weidong Xu
- School of Pharmacy
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
| | - Yuanqing He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
| | - Wengang Jin
- Bio-resources Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province
- School of Biological Science and Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Technology
- Hanzhong
- China
| | - Li Yuan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
| | - Ruichang Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
- Bio-resources Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province
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