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Dogani M, Askari N, Hesari AK. A diet enriched with Pistacia atlantica fruits improves the female rats' reproductive system. J Tradit Complement Med 2024; 14:335-342. [PMID: 38707920 PMCID: PMC11068987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Baneh (Pistacia atlantica) is a plant species that is commonly consumed as food and has a long-standing traditional use as a sexual enhancer. Despite its widespread use, a limited amount of academic and scientific literature is available regarding its potential impact on the reproductive system. The present research aimed to study the effect of a diet enriched with Baneh on the female rats' reproductive system. Experimental procedure Three groups of rats (n = 8) were subjected to the intended diet for six weeks. Subsequently, their histomorphometric parameters, sex hormone levels, as well as the expression of oxytocin (OXT) and oxytocin receptor (OXTR) genes were measured. The rats' serum vitamin D, zinc, and lipid profiles were also evaluated. Results and conclusion Results revealed that compared to the normal food, the diet containing 20 % Baneh significantly increased the progesterone and estradiol levels three and two times, respectively. It decreased the total body weight while increasing the ratio of ovary weight to the body weight. Furthermore, the Baneh-enriched diet raised HDL, zinc, and vitamin D levels, though it reduced the LDL and TG levels by 15 μg/dl and 24 μg/dl, respectively, and the concentration of ovary malondialdehyde decreased by 50 % in the treated group. Also, the diet increased the follicle graph, corpus luteum, the thickness of the epithelium, the number of endometrial glands, and the expression of both OXT and OXTR genes. Our findings suggested that P. atlantica could considerably improve the female sex hormone levels and their reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manijeh Dogani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nayere Askari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kalantari Hesari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Li L, Zhang J, Cheng W, Di F, Wang C, An Q. Saponins of Paris polyphylla for the Improvement of Acne: Anti-Inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Effects. Molecules 2024; 29:1793. [PMID: 38675613 PMCID: PMC11052371 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a recurring nature that seriously impacts patients' quality of life. Currently, antibiotic resistance has made it less effective in treating acne. However, Paris polyphylla (P. polyphylla) is a valuable medicinal plant with a wide range of chemical components. Of these, P. polyphylla saponins modulate the effects in vivo and in vitro through antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects. Acne is primarily associated with inflammatory reactions, abnormal sebum function, micro-ecological disorders, hair follicle hyperkeratosis, and, in some patients, immune function. Therefore, the role of P. polyphylla saponins and their values in treating acne is worthy of investigation. Overall, this review first describes the distribution and characteristics of P. polyphylla and the pathogenesis of acne. Then, the potential mechanisms of P. polyphylla saponins in treating acne are listed in detail (reduction in the inflammatory response, antibacterial action, modulation of immune response and antioxidant effects, etc.). In addition, a brief description of the chemical composition of P. polyphylla saponins and its available extraction methods are described. We hope this review can serve as a quick and detailed reference for future studies on their potential acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Li
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.L.); (W.C.); (F.D.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiachan Zhang
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.L.); (W.C.); (F.D.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wenjing Cheng
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.L.); (W.C.); (F.D.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Feiqian Di
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.L.); (W.C.); (F.D.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Changtao Wang
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.L.); (W.C.); (F.D.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Quan An
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd., Kunming 650000, China;
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Gan J, Chen J, Ma RL, Deng Y, Ding XS, Zhu SY, Sun AJ. Action Mechanisms of Metformin Combined with Exenatide and Metformin Only in the Treatment of PCOS in Obese Patients. Int J Endocrinol 2023; 2023:4288004. [PMID: 38131036 PMCID: PMC10735721 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4288004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease in women of reproductive age, whose clinical characteristics are hyperandrogenism (HA), ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovary, often accompanied by insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic abnormalities. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1Ra), such as exenatide, can bind to specific receptors on tissues such as the ovaries to improve the clinical phenotype of PCOS, while insulin-sensitizing agents, such as metformin, can also benefit to metabolic abnormalities in PCOS. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) metabolomics revealed differences between the mechanisms of exenatide and metformin treatment of PCOS to some extent. Methods In this study, 50 obese subjects with PCOS were randomly divided into the exenatide combined with metformin group (COM group, n = 28) and the metformin group (MF group, n = 22) for 12-week treatment. Before and after, serum samples were subjected to LC/MS analysis. Results After treatment, there were 153 named differential metabolites in the COM group and 99 in the MF group. Most phosphatidylcholines (PC) and deoxycholic acid 3-glucuronide (DA3G) were significantly upregulated, while most glycerophosphoethanolamine (PE-NMe2), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), and threonine were downregulated in both groups. Only the decrease of neuromedin B, glutamate, and glutamyl groups and the increase of chenodeoxycholic acid sulfate docosadienoate (22: 2n6), and prostaglandin E2 have been observed in the COM group. In addition, salicylic acid and spisulosine increased and decanoylcarnitine decreased in the MF group. Both groups were enriched in glycerophospholipid, choline, and sphingolipid metabolism, while the COM group was especially superior in the glutamine and glutamate, bile secretion, and amino acid metabolism. Conclusion Compared with metformin alone in the treatment of PCOS, the differential metabolites of the exenatide combined with metformin group are more extensive. The COM group may act on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPO) and its bypass, regulate multiple metabolism pathways such as phospholipids, amino acids, fatty acids, carnitine, bile acids, and glucose directly or indirectly in obese PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Gan
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jie Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Rui-lin Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yan Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xue-song Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Shi-yang Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ai-jun Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
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Zhang CH, Liu XY, Wang J. Essential Role of Granulosa Cell Glucose and Lipid Metabolism on Oocytes and the Potential Metabolic Imbalance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16247. [PMID: 38003436 PMCID: PMC10671516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cells are crucial for the establishment and maintenance of bidirectional communication among oocytes. Various intercellular material exchange modes, including paracrine and gap junction, are used between them to achieve the efficient delivery of granulosa cell structural components, energy substrates, and signaling molecules to oocytes. Glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism are two basic energy metabolism pathways in granulosa cells; these are involved in the normal development of oocytes. Pyruvate, produced by granulosa cell glycolysis, is an important energy substrate for oocyte development. Granulosa cells regulate changes in intrafollicular hormone levels through the processing of steroid hormones to control the development process of oocytes. This article reviews the material exchange between oocytes and granulosa cells and expounds the significance of granulosa cells in the development of oocytes through both glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. In addition, we discuss the effects of glucose and lipid metabolism on oocytes under pathological conditions and explore its relationship to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A series of changes were found in the endogenous molecules and ncRNAs that are related to glucose and lipid metabolism in granulosa cells under PCOS conditions. These findings provide a new therapeutic target for patients with PCOS; additionally, there is potential for improving the fertility of patients with PCOS and the clinical outcomes of assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hua Zhang
- Queen Mary School, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (C.-H.Z.); (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Xiang-Yi Liu
- Queen Mary School, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (C.-H.Z.); (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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Ma R, Wang S, Xue M, Zhang H, He Z, Jueraitetibaike K, Ge X, Chen L, Yao B. Effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on oocyte in vitro maturation in mice with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:87. [PMID: 37120599 PMCID: PMC10148539 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01162-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
n-3 PUFAs are classic antioxidant that can be used to treat follicular dysplasia and hyperinsulinemia caused by excessive oxidative stress in PCOS women. To investigate the effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on the oocyte quality of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mice during in vitro maturation, a PCOS mouse model was established by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). The GV oocytes of the control and PCOS groups were collected and cultured in vitro with or without n-3 PUFAs. After 14 h, the oocytes were collected. Our data demonstrated that the oocyte maturation rate of PCOS mice significantly increased after the addition of 50 µM n-3 PUFAs. The results of immunofluorescence showed that the abnormal rates of spindles and chromosomes in the PCOS + n-3 PUFA group were lower than those in the PCOS group. The mRNA expression of an antioxidant-related gene (Sirt1) and DNA damage repair genes (Brca1/Msh2) was found to be significantly rescued after n-3 treatment. Additionally, the results of living cell staining showed that the addition of n-3 PUFAs could reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide in PCOS oocytes. In conclusion, the addition of 50 µM n-3 PUFAs during the in vitro maturation of PCOS mouse oocytes can improve the maturation rate by reducing the level of oxidative stress and the rate of spindle/chromosome abnormalities, providing valuable support during the IVM process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Mengqi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Zhaowanyue He
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Kadiliya Jueraitetibaike
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Xie Ge
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Li Chen
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Bing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
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Yu G, Wang J, Liu Y, Luo T, Meng X, Zhang R, Huang B, Sun Y, Zhang J. Metabolic perturbations in pregnant rats exposed to low-dose perfluorooctanesulfonic acid: An integrated multi-omics analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107851. [PMID: 36863164 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Emerging epidemiological evidence has linked per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure could be linked to the disturbance of gestational glucolipid metabolism, but the toxicological mechanism is unclear, especially when the exposure is at a low level. This study examined the glucolipid metabolic changes in pregnant rats treated with relatively low dose perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) through oral gavage during pregnancy [gestational day (GD): 1-18]. We explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic perturbation. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and biochemical tests were performed to assess the glucose homeostasis and serum lipid profiles in pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats randomly assigned to starch, 0.03 and 0.3 mg/kg·bw·d groups. Transcriptome sequencing combined with non-targeted metabolomic assays were further performed to identify differentially altered genes and metabolites in the liver of maternal rats, and to determine their correlation with the maternal metabolic phenotypes. Results of transcriptome showed that differentially expressed genes at 0.03 and 0.3 mg/kg·bw·d PFOS exposure were related to several metabolic pathways, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) signaling, ovarian steroid synthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, insulin resistance, cholesterol metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid synthesis, bile acid secretion. The untargeted metabolomics identified 164 and 158 differential metabolites in 0.03 and 0.3 mg/kg·bw·d exposure groups, respectively under negative ion mode of Electrospray Ionization (ESI-), which could be enriched in metabolic pathways such as α-linolenic acid metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, glycerolipid metabolism, glucagon signaling pathway, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. Co-enrichment analysis indicated that PFOS exposure may disturb the metabolism pathways of glycerolipid, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, linoleic acid, steroid biosynthesis, glycine, serine and threonine. The key involved genes included down-regulated Ppp1r3c and Abcd2, and up-regulated Ogdhland Ppp1r3g, and the key metabolites such as increased glycerol 3-phosphate and lactosylceramide were further identified. Both of them were significantly associated with maternal fasting blood glucose (FBG) level. Our findings may provide mechanistic clues for clarifying metabolic toxicity of PFOS in human, especially for susceptible population such as pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Yu
- Ministry of Education -Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jinguo Wang
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Yongjie Liu
- Ministry of Education -Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tingyu Luo
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Xi Meng
- Ministry of Education -Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ruiyuan Zhang
- Ministry of Education -Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Bo Huang
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education -Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Yao Y, Tian S, Li N, Yang Y, Zhang C. Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cellular development in human ovarian granulosa tumor cells (KGN). Front Nutr 2022; 9:1017072. [PMID: 36245495 PMCID: PMC9562104 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1017072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging research has shown that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) benefit human health and exert anti-cancer effects. However, there is little understanding of the specific mechanisms by which PUFAs regulate the cells of the ovarian granulosa tumor. In the current study, we investigate the effects and the possible mechanisms of PUFAs on human ovarian tumor cells development. KGN cells were treated with omega-3. Small interfering (siRNA) and specific activator were used to knock down and overexpress gene expression in KGN cells. The protein content levels were analyzed by Western blot. Cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis assay were performed to examine the cellular development. And the level of glucose uptake in KGN cells were assessed by 2-DG measurement. The results showed that omega-3 treatment reduced cell viability, proliferation and increased cell apoptosis. Further studies showed that omega-3 also reduced GLUT1/4 protein content and cellular glucose uptake. Subsequent knockdown and overexpression of OCT4 using Oct4 siRNA and O4I2 (OCT4 activator) showed that OCT4 was involved in the regulations of omega-3 on GLUT1/4 expression and cell development. Our data demonstrate that omega-3 inhibits cellular development by down-regulating GLUT1/4 expression and glucose uptake in KGN cells, which are mediated through OCT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yao
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Tian
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ningxin Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Ministry of Education, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
- *Correspondence: Yanzhou Yang,
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- Cheng Zhang,
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Dong G, Zhang R, Huang H, Lu C, Xia Y, Wang X, Du G. Exploration of the developmental toxicity of TCS and PFOS to zebrafish embryos by whole-genome gene expression analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:56032-56042. [PMID: 34046830 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14527-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are known to have both endocrine disrupting and developmental toxicity effects on zebrafish embryos. Currently, potential molecular mechanisms underlying these toxicological phenomena require further studies. To address this gap in the literature, we used whole transcriptome microarrays to being to address the potential molecular mechanisms underlying developmental toxicity of TCS and PFOS on zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 300 μg/L TCS and 500 μg/L PFOS from 4 to 120 h post fertilization (hpf). Phenotypically, the hatching rate of zebrafish embryos was significantly reduced after TCS exposure at 72 hpf. Additionally, body length was significantly decreased in the TCS treatment group at 120 hpf. Gene ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that lipid metabolism, steroid metabolism, and organ development-related biological processes were significantly enriched in TCS- and PFOS-treated zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, signaling network analysis indicated that the steroid biosynthesis process was the most significant biological process disrupted by TCS in 120 hpf zebrafish embryos, while organ development was the most significant biological process disrupted by PFOS exposure. Our findings enhance the understanding of the specific types of embryotoxicity elicited by TCS and PFOS, and also provide information that can be used to inform future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hongyu Huang
- Department of Infection Management, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Guizhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Cheng J, Pan Y, Yang S, Wei Y, Lv Q, Xing Q, Zhang R, Sun L, Qin G, Shi D, Deng Y. Integration of transcriptomics and non-targeted metabolomics reveals the underlying mechanism of follicular atresia in Chinese buffalo. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 212:105944. [PMID: 34144152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Follicular atresia is a complex physiological process, which results in the waste of follicles and oocytes from the ovary. Elucidating the physiological mechanism of follicular atresia will hopefully reverse the fate of follicles, thereby improve the reproductive efficiency of female animals. However, there are still many gaps to be filled during the follicular atresia process. In this study, we first comprehensively summarized and compared a variety of methods to classify Chinese buffalo follicles with different extent of atresia. Then follicular fluid and granulosa cells from the corresponding follicles with different extent of atresia were collected for non-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis, respectively. After the detection and analysis of 129 follicles, a reasonable classification standard was formed: on the basis of morphological classification, the relative concentrations of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (PROG) in the follicular fluid were determined, follicles with an estradiol-to-progesterone (E2/PROG) ratio >5 were classified as healthy follicles (HF), 1≤ E2/PROG ≤5 as early atretic follicles (EF) and E2/PROG <1 as late atretic follicles (LF). Correspondingly, follicles with granulosa cells apoptosis rate less than 15 % were divided into HF, 15%-25% were classified as EF and more than 25 % were classified as LF. The integration analysis of non-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics highlights the following three aspects: (1) Atresia seriously damaged the lipid metabolism homeostasis of follicle, in which PPARγ play important roles. (2) Energy metabolism and nucleotide metabolism of atretic follicles were inhibited. (3) Bilirubin is involved in follicular atresia, and it may be the main force to prevent lipid peroxidation in follicular cells. In summary, results of this study provide new understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Chinese buffalo follicular atresia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanru Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yu Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Sufang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yaochang Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Qiao Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Qinghua Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Ruimen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Le Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Guangsheng Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, PR China
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China.
| | - Yanfei Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China.
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10
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Yu Y, Tan P, Zhuang Z, Wang Z, Zhu L, Qiu R, Xu H. Untargeted metabolomic approach to study the serum metabolites in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:206. [PMID: 34416878 PMCID: PMC8379735 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is not only a kind of common endocrine syndrome but also a metabolic disorder, which harms the reproductive system and the whole body metabolism of the PCOS patients worldwide. In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in serum metabolic profiles of the patients with PCOS compared to the healthy controls. Material and methods 31 PCOS patients and 31 matched healthy female controls were recruited in this study, the clinical characteristics data were recorded, the laboratory biochemical data were detected. Then, we utilized the metabolomics approach by UPLC-HRMS technology to study the serum metabolic changes between PCOS and controls. Results The metabolomics analysis showed that there were 68 downregulated and 78 upregulated metabolites in PCOS patients serum compared to those in the controls. These metabolites mainly belong to triacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines, acylcarnitines, diacylglycerols, peptides, amino acids, glycerophosphoethanolamines and fatty acid. Pathway analysis showed that these metabolites were enriched in pathways including glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid degradation, fatty acid biosynthesis, ether lipid metabolism, etc. Diagnosis value assessed by ROC analysis showed that the changed metabolites, including Leu–Ala/Ile–Ala, 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid, Ile–Val/Leu–Val, Gly–Val/Val–Gly, aspartic acid, DG(34:2)_DG(16:0/18:2), DG(34:1)_DG(16:0/18:1), Phe–Trp, DG(36:1)_DG(18:0/18:1), Leu–Leu/Leu–Ile, had higher AUC values, indicated a significant role in PCOS. Conclusion The present study characterized the difference of serum metabolites and related pathway profiles in PCOS patients, this finding hopes to provide potential metabolic markers for the prognosis and diagnosis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 210013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Panli Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchao Zhuang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhejiong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Linchao Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyi Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 210013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Xia Q, Akanbi TO, Wang B, Li R, Liu S, Barrow CJ. Investigation of enhanced oxidation stability of microencapsulated enzymatically produced tuna oil concentrates using complex coacervation. Food Funct 2020; 11:10748-10757. [PMID: 33231232 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02350g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tuna oil was selectively hydrolysed using Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase for 6 h to prepare omega-3 acylglycerol concentrate with the DHA content significantly increased from 24.9% in tuna oil to 36.3% in the acylglycerol concentrate. The acylglycerol concentrate was subsequently encapsulated into the "multi-core" microcapsules using gelatin-sodium hexametaphosphate complex coacervates as the shell material. Rancimat, Oxipres and thermogravimetric analyses all showed that the microencapsulated acylglycerol concentrate had unexpectedly improved oxidation stability, compared to those produced using tuna oil, even though the concentrated oils themselves were significantly less stable than tuna oil. The incorporation of enzymatic tuna oil acylglycerol concentrate also significantly improved the oxidation stability of microencapsulated standard refined unconcentrated tuna oil. A wide range of characteristics including lipid and fatty acid composition, oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion properties, morphology, nanomechanical strength and physicochemical stability of acylglycerol, acylglycerol oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion and final microcapsules were investigated throughout the preparation. The result suggests that high levels of monoacylglycerol (about 35%) and diacylglycerol (about 8.5%) were produced in the acylglycerol. The acylglycerol O/W emulsion exhibited significantly smaller droplet size, lower zeta-potential and higher surface hydrophobicity, which contributed to the formation of the microcapsule with a significantly smoother surface and more compact structure, finally leading to improved oxidative stability compared to those prepared from native tuna oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Xia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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12
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Ahmed MG, Ibrahim MED, El Sayed HR, Ahmed SM. Short term chronic toxicity of tributyltin on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible protective role of omega-3. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:214-230. [PMID: 32783468 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120947451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The declining rate of male fertility is a growing concern. Tributyltin (TBT) is a well-known endocrine disruptor (ED), that induces imposex in female gastropods and is widely used in various industrial applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of TBT on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible role of omega-3. Forty two adult male albino rats were divided into five groups; control group (Group I) and four experimental groups: omega-3 treated group, TBT treated group, TBT & omega-3 treated group and follow up group. At the end of the study, the rats were subjected to biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 and seminal examinations. Our results clarfied that TBT induced a significant decrease in testosterone, FSH, LH and serum glutathione peroxidase levels and a significant increase in the serum Malondialdehyde as compared to the control group. Tributyltin induced disorganization and shrinkage of seminiferous tubules, apoptosis, cellular damage and marked reduction in the germinal epithelium. A significant decrease in the cell proliferation and arrested spermatogenesis were also detected. Seminal analysis of TBT group showed a significant affection of all parameters as compared to other groups. Omega-3 ameliorated all of these hazardous effects. Follow up group still showed toxic effects. In conclusion, TBT has a toxic effect on the testis. Increased testicular oxidative stress, cellular damage and arrest of spermatogenesis with attenuation in antioxidant defenses are all contributing factors. Omega-3 can protect against TBT induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa G Ahmed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, 68865Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mona El-Demerdash Ibrahim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, 68865Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hoda R El Sayed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, 68865Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samah M Ahmed
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, 68865Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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13
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Wang T, Sha L, Li Y, Zhu L, Wang Z, Li K, Lu H, Bao T, Guo L, Zhang X, Wang H. Dietary α-Linolenic Acid-Rich Flaxseed Oil Exerts Beneficial Effects on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Through Sex Steroid Hormones-Microbiota-Inflammation Axis in Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:284. [PMID: 32670195 PMCID: PMC7326049 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents a common endocrine-metabolic disorder disease with chronic low-grade inflammation and alteration of intestinal flora. Serving as functional food, flaxseed oil (FO), which is rich in plant-derived α-linolenic acid of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been proven to benefit for chronic metabolic diseases. However, the exact role of dietary FO on PCOS remains largely unclear. In the present study, 6-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (eight rats/group), including (a) pair-fed (PF) control (CON) group (PF/CON), (b) FO-fed CON group (FO/CON), (c) PF with letrozole-induced PCOS model (MOD) group (PF/MOD), and (d) FO-fed MOD group (FO/MOD). All rats were fed a standard diet. After 3 weeks of modeling and subsequent 8 weeks of treatment, the rats in diverse groups were euthanized and associated indications were investigated. The results showed that dietary FO ameliorated the disorder of estrous cycle and ovarian morphology. In parallel, dietary FO improved the sex steroid hormone disturbance (luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone, estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone), body weights, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Moreover, FO treatment improved plasma and ovary inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor-α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Additionally, FO intervention significantly modulated the composition of gut microbiota and vaginal microbiota by increasing the abundances of Allobaculum, Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Desulfovibrio, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Parabacteroides as well as decreasing the abundances of Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, and Streptococcus, the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. A decrease in plasma lipopolysaccharide level and an increase in short-chain fatty acids, including acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and pentanoic acid, were determined after dietary FO supplementation. Correlation analysis revealed close relationships among sex steroid hormones, inflammation, and gut/vaginal microbiota. Collectively, this study demonstrated that dietary FO ameliorated PCOS through the sex steroid hormones-microbiota-inflammation axis in rats, which may contribute to the understanding of pathogenesis and potentially serve as an inexpensive intervention in the control of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Liping Sha
- Endocrinology Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yiwei Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Endocrinology Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ke Li
- People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Haixia Lu
- People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ting Bao
- Endocrinology Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoxia Zhang
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Hao Wang
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14
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Ma X, Weng X, Hu X, Wang Q, Tian Y, Ding Y, Zhang C. Roles of different n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios in ovarian cell development and steroidogenesis in PCOS rats. Food Funct 2019; 10:7397-7406. [PMID: 31657414 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01730e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and common endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, which is accompanied by follicle growth arrest at the small antral stage, minimal granulosa cell proliferation, and chronic anovulation. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are necessary for the body's metabolism, growth and development. Although PUFAs play an important role in the regulation of female reproduction, their role in ovarian development in PCOS is still unclear. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of different ratios of n-3/n-6 PUFAs (omega-3/omega-6) on ovary development in PCOS rats. Serum levels of reproductive hormones and enzymes related to steroidogenesis were assessed. The results indicated that PUFAs (n-3/n-6: 1/15) significantly increased ovarian weight and improved the ovarian structure although they had no significant effect on body weight in PCOS rats. Meanwhile, apoptosis was attenuated accompanied by increased cell proliferation by PUFAs (n-3/n-6: 1/15). Moreover, serum levels of hormones (FSH and E2) were also significantly increased by PUFAs (n-3/n-6: 1/15) accompanied by decreased T levels. To investigate whether PUFAs regulate the expression of enzymes related to hormone synthesis, western blotting was used to determine the protein levels of CYP51, CYP19, StAR and 3β-HSD. The results showed that PUFAs significantly increased the protein levels of all of these enzymes. These results indicate that PUFAs enhance the reproductive performance of PCOS by increasing the expression of steroidogenesis enzymes, which are related to hormone secretion and ovarian functions. These findings provide evidence that a balanced n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio is beneficial for PCOS reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Ma
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, Peoples' Republic of China.
| | - Xuechun Weng
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, Peoples' Republic of China.
| | - Xusong Hu
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, Peoples' Republic of China.
| | - Qiaozhi Wang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, Peoples' Republic of China.
| | - Ye Tian
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, Peoples' Republic of China.
| | - Yu Ding
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, Peoples' Republic of China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, Peoples' Republic of China.
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