Effect of sorbitol on the in vitro starch digestibility in semi-dried black highland barley noodles

Sorbitol is commonly used in semi-dried noodles for holding water, thus extending the shelf life. This research analyzed the effect of sorbitol on the in vitro starch digestibility in semi-dried black highland barley noodles (SBHBN). In vitro starch digestion revealed that the hydrolysis extent and digestive rate decreased with increasing sorbitol addition, although its inhibition abated when added >2 %. Compared with the control, adding 2 % of sorbitol lowered the equilibrium hydrolysis (C_∞) significantly (P < 0.05) from 75.18 to 66.57 % and decreased the kinetic coefficient (k) significantly (P < 0.05) by 20.29 %. Adding sorbitol increased the tightness of microstructure, relative crystallinity, V-type crystal, molecular structure order, and hydrogen bond strength of starch in cooked SBHBN. Meanwhile, gelatinization enthalpy change (ΔH) of starch in raw SBHBN was increased by adding sorbitol. In addition, the swelling power and amylose leaching in SBHBN added with sorbitol were reduced. Pearson correlations analysis observed significant (P < 0.05) correlations among short-range ordered structure, ΔH, and related in vitro starch digestion indexes of SBHBN after being added with sorbitol. These results revealed that sorbitol might form hydrogen bonds with starch, making it a potential additive to lower the eGI in starchy foods.

Untargeted metabolomics analysis on Cicer arietinium L.-Induced Amelioration in T2D rats by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE

Cicer arietinium L., which belongs to Cicer genus, was not only a kind of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) recorded in Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (version 2015), but also a kind of Uighur antidiabetic medicines. It has been used as an adjuvant drug or functional food for thousand years in Xinjiang province, China. However, the mechanisms of C. arietinium treatment in T2D have not been fully understood especially on the perspective of metabolomics.

AIM OF THE STUDY

To clarify the potential mechanisms of C. arietinium treatment in T2D from the perspective of metabolomics since T2D is indeed a kind of metabolic syndromes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

T2D rat model was built by HFD for 4 weeks, combining with STZ administration. T2D rats were administrated C. arietinium extraction or metformin (positive control) for 4 weeks. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was applied to screen and identify differential metabolites among groups.

RESULTS

After 4 weeks of treatments, IR and inflammation were greatly ameliorated in C. arietinium group. And the therapeutic efficiency of C. arietinium treatment was comparable to metformin treatment. Differential metabolites related to C. arietinium treatment, including acylcarnitines, amino acid related metabolites and organic acids, were further used to indicate relevant pathways in T2D rats, including glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, vitamin B6 metabolism and energy metabolism.

CONCLUSIONS

In summary, C. arietinium treatment could effectively alleviate diabetic symptoms and regulate metabolic disorders in T2D rats.