1
|
Neill JS, Boyle NM, Marques Passo T, Heintz K, Browne WR, Quilty B, Pryce MT. Photophysical and electrochemical properties of meso-tetrathien-2’-yl porphyrins compared to meso-tetraphenylporphyrin. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
2
|
Kumar PR, Mothi E. New A3B-type naphthyl Zn(II porphyrins as DSSC dyes: Effect of anchoring group and co-adsorption for enhanced efficiency. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
3
|
Luo X, Wan J, Meckbach N, Strehmel V, Li S, Chen Z, Strehmel B. A Porphyrin-Based Organic Network Comprising Sustainable Carbon Dots for Photopolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208180. [PMID: 35882626 PMCID: PMC9826160 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable carbon dots (CDs) based on furfuraldehyde (F-CD) resulted in a photosensitive material after pursuing the Alder-Longo reaction. The porphyrin moiety formed connects the F-CDs in a covalent organic network. This heterogeneous material (P-CD) was characterized by XPS indicating incorporation of the respective C, N and O moieties. Time resolved fluorescence including global analysis showed contribution of three linked components to the overall dynamics of the excited state. Electrochemical and photonic properties of this heterogeneous material facilitated photopolymerization in a photo-ATRP setup where either CuBr2 /TPMA, FeBr3 /Br- or a metal free reaction setup activated controlled polymerization. Chain extension experiments worked in all three cases showing end group fidelity for activation of controlled block copolymerization using MMA and styrene as monomers. Traditional radical polymerization using a diaryl iodonium salt as co-initiator failed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfei Luo
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
| | - Jianyong Wan
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Nicolai Meckbach
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
| | - Veronika Strehmel
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
| | - Shujun Li
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Bernd Strehmel
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Porphyrin Based Organic Network Comprising Sustainable Carbon Dots for Photopolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
5
|
Solar Driven Photocatalytic Activity of Porphyrin Sensitized TiO 2: Experimental and Computational Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113131. [PMID: 34073887 PMCID: PMC8197238 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of a secure long-term sustainable energy supply is recognized as a major worldwide technological challenge. The generation of H2 through photocatalysis is an environmentally friendly alternative that can help solve the energy problem. Thus, the development of semiconductor materials that can absorb solar light is an attractive approach. TiO2 has a wide bandgap that suffers from no activity in the visible spectrum, limiting its use of solar radiation. In this research, the semiconductor absorption profile was extended into the visible region of the solar spectrum by preparing porphyrin-TiO2 (P-TiO2) composites of meso-tetra(4-bromophenyl)porphyrin (PP1) and meso-tetra(5-bromo-2-thienyl)porphyrin (PP2) and their In(III), Zn(II) and Ga(III) metal complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations were performed on the porphyrins to gain insight into their electron injection capability. The results demonstrate that P-TiO2 systems merit further in-depth study for applications that require efficient photocatalytic H2 generation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mathew D, Ramesh J, Sasidharan S, Subburaj K, Saudagar P, Parameswaran P, Sujatha S. Synthesis, TDDFT Calculations and Biological Evaluation of Dicationic Porphyrins as Groove Binders and Antimicrobial Agents. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Mathew
- Bioinorganic Materials Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut Kozhikode India- 673 601
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, NIT Calicut Kozhikode India 673601
| | - Jagadeesan Ramesh
- Bioinorganic Materials Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut Kozhikode India- 673 601
| | - Santanu Sasidharan
- Department of Biotechnology National Institute of Technology Warangal Warangal India- 506004
| | - Kannan Subburaj
- Bioinorganic Materials Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut Kozhikode India- 673 601
| | - Prakash Saudagar
- Department of Biotechnology National Institute of Technology Warangal Warangal India- 506004
| | - Pattiyil Parameswaran
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, NIT Calicut Kozhikode India 673601
| | - Subramaniam Sujatha
- Bioinorganic Materials Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut Kozhikode India- 673 601
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mazumdar ZH, Sharma D, Mukherjee A, Basu S, Shukla PK, Jha T, Sengupta D. meso-Thiophenium Porphyrins and Their Zn(II) Complexes: A New Category of Cationic Photosensitizers. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:2041-2047. [PMID: 33062190 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A new category of cationic meso-thiophenium porphyrins are introduced as possible alternatives to the popular meso-pyridinium porphyrins. Combinations of cationic porphyrins bearing meso-2-methylthiophenium and meso-4-hydroxyphenyl moieties T2(OH)2M (A2B2 type) and T(OH)3M (AB3 type) along with their zinc(II) complexes T2(OH)2MZn and T(OH)3MZn, are reported. The increase in the number of thienyl groups attached to the meso-positions of the porphyrin derivatives (A2B2 frame) has been shown to impart longer fluorescence lifetimes and stronger photocytotoxicity toward A549 lung cancer cells, as evident with T2(OH)2M and its corresponding diamagnetic metal complex T2(OH)2MZn. The photoactivated T2(OH)2MZn imparts an early stage reactive oxygen species (ROS) upregulation and antioxidant depletion in A549 cells and contributes to the strongest oxidative stress-induced cell death mechanism in the series. The DFT calculations of the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔE) of all the four hydrophilic thiophenium porphyrin derivatives establish the potential applicability of these cationic photosensitizers as PDT agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeaul Hoque Mazumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Dargakona, Silchar-788011, Assam India
| | - Debdulal Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Dargakona, Silchar-788011, Assam India
| | - Avinaba Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, Charuchandra College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata-700029, West Bengal, India
| | - Samita Basu
- Chemical Science Division Saha, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata-700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Shukla
- Department of Physics, Assam University, Dargakona, Silchar-788011, Assam, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Devashish Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Dargakona, Silchar-788011, Assam India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lopes JMS, Reis JRT, Machado AEH, Leite THO, Batista AA, Acunha TV, Iglesias BA, Araujo PT, Barbosa Neto NM. Influence of the meso-substituents on the spectral features of free-base porphyrin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 238:118389. [PMID: 32417643 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The role of meso-substituents on the spectral features of free-base porphyrins is explored. Meso-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin is compared with meso-tetra(2-thienyl)porphyrin and meso-tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin. Our results indicate that some of the asymmetric Q-bands in the free-base porphyrin tend to become symmetric relative to the adopted meso-substituent. The results show that the outlying perturbations lead the free-base quasi-degenerated Qx1, Qx2, Qy1, and Qy2 bands to be closer in energy. Combined, absorption, fluorescence and Raman spectroscopies endorse our conclusions showing that both the frequencies and the Huang-Rhys factors associated with every vibronic progression are noticeably affected by the investigated meso-substituents. Our results confirm that the B-band is also multi-featured in agreement with what is found for the Q-bands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M S Lopes
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Graduate Program in Physics, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - J R T Reis
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Graduate Program in Physics, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - A E H Machado
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Federal University of Catalão, Av. Lamartine Pinto de Avelar, 1120, CEP 75704-020, Catalão, GO, Brazil
| | - T H O Leite
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - A A Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - T V Acunha
- Bioinorganic and Porphyrinoid Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - B A Iglesias
- Bioinorganic and Porphyrinoid Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - P T Araujo
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Graduate Program in Physics, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States.
| | - N M Barbosa Neto
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Graduate Program in Physics, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dechan P, Devi Bajju G, Sood P. Trans A
2
B
2
Porphyrins: Synthesis, Crystal Structure Determinations and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Padma Dechan
- Postgraduate Department of ChemistryUniversity of Jammu Jammu 180006 India
| | - Gauri Devi Bajju
- Postgraduate Department of ChemistryUniversity of Jammu Jammu 180006 India
| | - Puneet Sood
- Puneet SoodAdvanced Materials Research Centre, Block- A2, Kamand Campus, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi Himachal Pradesh 175005 India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ruppel M, Gazetas LP, Lungerich D, Hampel F, Jux N. Investigations of Low-Symmetrical Tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins Produced by Mixed Condensation Reactions. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7781-7792. [PMID: 32408737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Within the past decade, tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins (TATBPs) have gained rising attention due to their potential in various fields of materials science and medicinal chemistry. However, this class of compounds still lacks in structural diversity, especially in the case of low-symmetrical compounds. Herein, mixed condensations were utilized to generate TATBPs with different substituents either in the meso-positions or the periphery of the macrocycle with total yields of 55-58%. The separation of crude mixtures was achieved by feasible chromatographic purification. The influence of symmetry on the electronic properties of TATBPs was studied by optical spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and X-ray diffraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ruppel
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lampros-Pascal Gazetas
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Lungerich
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Norbert Jux
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ruppel M, Lungerich D, Sturm S, Lippert R, Hampel F, Jux N. A Comprehensive Study on Tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins. Chemistry 2020; 26:3287-3296. [PMID: 31846109 PMCID: PMC7154557 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins (TATBPs) show, due to their optoelectronic properties, rising potential as dyes in various fields of physical and biomedical sciences. However, unlike in the case of porphyrins, the potential structural diversity of TATBPs has been explored only to little extent, owed mainly to synthetic hurdles. Herein, we prepared a comprehensive library of 30 TATBPs and investigated their fundamental properties. We elucidated structural properties by X-ray crystallography and found explanations for physical properties such as solubility. Fundamental electronic aspects were studied by optical spectroscopy as well as by electrochemistry and brought in context to the stability of the molecules. Finally, we were able to develop a universal synthetic protocol, utilizing a readily established isoindole synthon, which gives TATBPs in high yields, regardless of the nature of the used arylaldehyde and without meticulous chromatographic purifications steps. This work serves as point of orientation for scientists, that aim to utilize these molecules in materials, nanotechnological, and biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ruppel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for, Molecular Materials (ICMM)Organic Chemistry IIFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen–NuernbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dominik Lungerich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for, Molecular Materials (ICMM)Organic Chemistry IIFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen–NuernbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Sabrina Sturm
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Bioinorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NuernbergEgerlandstr. 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Rainer Lippert
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Bioinorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NuernbergEgerlandstr. 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for, Molecular Materials (ICMM)Organic Chemistry IIFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen–NuernbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Norbert Jux
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for, Molecular Materials (ICMM)Organic Chemistry IIFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen–NuernbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kumar PR, Shajan XS, Mothi EM. Pyridyl/hydroxyphenyl versus carboxyphenyl anchoring moieties in Zn - Thienyl porphyrins for dye sensitized solar cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 224:117408. [PMID: 31374353 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
For developing efficient DSCs, anchoring moieties need to be understood in detail with respect to a particular dye. Herein, we have synthesized new Zn-thienyl porphyrin dyes based on pyridyl and hydroxyphenyl anchors and compared with traditional carboxyphenyl anchoring group. The effect of such variation in anchoring groups was investigated with UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as electrochemical studies. The hydroxyphenyl appended dye showed higher molar extinction coefficient and red shifted emission bands. Both pyridyl and hydroxyphenyl dyes showed adsorption over TiO2 semiconductor. The dye loading amount was found to be greater for carboxyphenyl dye due to stronger bidendate coordination of the carboxy group, as revealed by FT-IR studies. The electrochemical potentials were found to be strongly influenced by the anchoring functionality and all the dyes showed positive driving force for electron injection to the conduction band of TiO2 and regeneration of oxidized dye by the redox electrolyte. DSC devices were fabricated for each of the dyes and characterized well. Hydroxyphenyl dye showed higher Voc as a result of lower back reactions. Transient photovoltage decay measurments indicated lower recombination rate in hydroxyphenyl and pyridyl than the carboxyphenyl anchored thienyl porphyrins offering potential for further dye optimization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Ram Kumar
- Centre for Scientific and Applied Research, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Melathediyoor, Tirunelveli 627 152, India
| | - X Sahaya Shajan
- Centre for Scientific and Applied Research, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Melathediyoor, Tirunelveli 627 152, India
| | - E M Mothi
- Centre for Scientific and Applied Research, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Melathediyoor, Tirunelveli 627 152, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rathi P, Ekta, Kumar S, Banerjee D, Soma VR, Sankar M. Unsymmetrical β-functionalized ‘push–pull’ porphyrins: synthesis and photophysical, electrochemical and nonlinear optical properties. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:3198-3208. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04252k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new family of unsymmetrical β-TPA appended ‘push–pull’ porphyrins has been synthesized in good yield for the first time. They exhibited red shifted broad absorption spectral features with high dipole moments and tunable redox properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pinki Rathi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee 247667
- India
| | - Ekta
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee 247667
- India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee 247667
- India
| | - Dipanjan Banerjee
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM)
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | - Venugopal Rao Soma
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM)
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | - Muniappan Sankar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee 247667
- India
| |
Collapse
|