1
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Phan TA, Jouffroy M, Matt D, Armaroli N, Moncada AS, Bandini E, Delavaux-Nicot B, Nierengarten JF, Armspach D. Stabilization of Luminescent Mononuclear Three-Coordinate Cu I Complexes by Two Distinct Cavity-Shaped Diphosphanes Obtained from a Single α-Cyclodextrin Precursor. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302750. [PMID: 37996997 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Slightly different reaction conditions afforded two distinct cavity-shaped cis-chelating diphosphanes from the same starting materials, namely diphenyl(2-phosphanylphenyl)phosphane and an α-cyclodextrin-derived dimesylate. Thanks to their metal-confining properties, the two diphosphanes form only mononuclear [CuX(PP)] complexes (X=Cl, Br, or I) with the tricoordinated metal ion located just above the center of the cavity. The two series of CuI complexes display markedly different luminescence properties that are both influenced by the electronic properties of the ligand and the unique steric environment provided by the cyclodextrin (CD) cavity. The excited state lifetimes of all complexes are significantly longer than those of the cavity-free analogues suggesting peculiar electronic effects that affect radiative deactivation constants. The overall picture stemming from absorption and emission data suggests close-lying charge-transfer (MLCT, XLCT) and triplet ligand-centered (LC) excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan-Anh Phan
- Équipe Confinement Moléculaire et Catalyse, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS90032, 67081, Strasbourg cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires, Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA - UMR 7042), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Matthieu Jouffroy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Moléculaire et Catalyse, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS90032, 67081, Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Dominique Matt
- Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Moléculaire et Catalyse, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS90032, 67081, Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Nicola Armaroli
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alejandra Saavedra Moncada
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Bandini
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS (LCC), UPR 8241, Université de Toulouse (UPS), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Jean-François Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires, Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA - UMR 7042), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Dominique Armspach
- Équipe Confinement Moléculaire et Catalyse, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS90032, 67081, Strasbourg cedex, France
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2
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Yan M, Lu W, Zhang B, Liu C, Zi X, Zhang J, Qi C, Liu M, Du C. Mononuclear copper(Ⅰ) complexes with mechanochromic thermally activated delayed fluorescence behaviour based on switchable hydrogen bonds. Polyhedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2023.116391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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3
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Beaudelot J, Oger S, Peruško S, Phan TA, Teunens T, Moucheron C, Evano G. Photoactive Copper Complexes: Properties and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16365-16609. [PMID: 36350324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalyzed and photosensitized chemical processes have seen growing interest recently and have become among the most active areas of chemical research, notably due to their applications in fields such as medicine, chemical synthesis, material science or environmental chemistry. Among all homogeneous catalytic systems reported to date, photoactive copper(I) complexes have been shown to be especially attractive, not only as alternative to noble metal complexes, and have been extensively studied and utilized recently. They are at the core of this review article which is divided into two main sections. The first one focuses on an exhaustive and comprehensive overview of the structural, photophysical and electrochemical properties of mononuclear copper(I) complexes, typical examples highlighting the most critical structural parameters and their impact on the properties being presented to enlighten future design of photoactive copper(I) complexes. The second section is devoted to their main areas of application (photoredox catalysis of organic reactions and polymerization, hydrogen production, photoreduction of carbon dioxide and dye-sensitized solar cells), illustrating their progression from early systems to the current state-of-the-art and showcasing how some limitations of photoactive copper(I) complexes can be overcome with their high versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Beaudelot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samuel Oger
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefano Peruško
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tuan-Anh Phan
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Titouan Teunens
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000Mons, Belgium
| | - Cécile Moucheron
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium
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4
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Recent developments of photoactive Cu(I) and Ag(I) complexes with diphosphine and related ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Housecroft CE, Constable EC. TADF: Enabling luminescent copper(i) coordination compounds for light-emitting electrochemical cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2022; 10:4456-4482. [PMID: 35433007 PMCID: PMC8944257 DOI: 10.1039/d1tc04028f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has seen a surge of interest in the emissive behaviour of copper(i) coordination compounds, both neutral compounds that may have applications in organic light-emitting doides (OLEDs) and copper-based ionic transition metal complexes (Cu-iTMCs) with potential use in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). One of the most exciting features of copper(i) coordination compounds is their possibility to exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in which the energy separation of the excited singlet (S1) and excited triplet (T1) states is very small, permitting intersystem crossing (ISC) and reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) to occur at room temperature without the requirement for the large spin-orbit coupling inferred by the presence of a heavy metal such as iridium. In this review, we focus mainly in Cu-iTMCs, and illustrate how the field of luminescent compounds and those exhibiting TADF has developed. Copper(i) coordination compounds that class as Cu-iTMCs include those containing four-coordinate [Cu(P^P)(N^N)]+ (P^P = large-bite angle bisphosphane, and N^N is typically a diimine), [Cu(P)2(N^N)]+ (P = monodentate phosphane ligand), [Cu(P)(tripodal-N3)]+, [Cu(P)(N^N)(N)]+ (N = monodentate N-donor ligand), [Cu(P^P)(N^S)]+ (N^S = chelating N,S-donor ligand), [Cu(P^P)(P^S)]+ (P^S = chelating P,S-donor ligand), [Cu(P^P)(NHC)]+ (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) coordination domains, dinuclear complexes with P^P and N^N ligands, three-coordinate [Cu(N^N)(NHC)]+ and two-coordinate [Cu(N)(NHC)]+ complexes. We pay particular attention to solid-state structural features, e.g. π-stacking interactions and other inter-ligand interactions, which may impact on photoluminescence quantum yields. Where emissive Cu-iTMCs have been tested in LECs, we detail the device architectures, and this emphasizes differences which make it difficult to compare LEC performances from different investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Housecroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058-Basel Switzerland
| | - Edwin C Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058-Basel Switzerland
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6
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Yin X, Liu C, Liu S, Cao M, Rawson JM, Xu Y, Zhang B. Structural characterization and luminescence properties of trigonal Cu( i) iodine/bromine complexes comprising cation–π interactions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00318j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Trigonal copper(i) complexes comprising cation–π interactions achieve satisfactory photoluminescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yin
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Liu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Cao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jeremy M. Rawson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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7
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Liu N, Liu L, Zhong XX, Li FB, Li FY, Qin HM. Ethynyl π-coordinated and non-coordinated mononuclear Cu( i) halide diphosphine complexes: synthesis and photophysical studies. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05578j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Complexes 4 and 5 emit yellow green delayed fluorescence and complexes 1–3 and 6 and 7 show yellow green to greenish yellow prompt fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Fa-Bao Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates Science of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Mei Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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8
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Farias G, Salla CAM, Toigo J, Duarte LGTA, Bortoluzzi AJ, Girotto E, Gallardo H, Atvars TDZ, de Souza B, Bechtold IH. Enhancing the phosphorescence decay pathway of Cu(I) emitters - the role of copper-iodide moiety. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:1008-1018. [PMID: 34935838 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03912a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Speeding up the phosphorescence channel in luminescent copper(I) complexes has been extremely challenging due to the copper atoms relatively low spin-orbit coupling constant compared to heavier metals such as iridium. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of three mononuclear copper(I) complexes with diimines, triphenylphosphine, and iodide ligands to evaluate the effect of the copper-iodide (Cu-I) moiety into the phosphorescence decay pathway. Temperature-dependent photophysical studies revealed combined thermally activated delayed fluorescence and phosphorescence emission, with a phosphorescence decay rate of the order of 104 s-1. Density functional theory calculations indicate very high spin-orbit coupling matrix elements between the low-lying states of these complexes. Compared to the classical [Cu(phen)(POP)]+, our results demonstrate that Cu-I is a versatile moiety to speed up the phosphorescence decay pathway in about one order of magnitude, and it can be prepared by a simplified synthetic route with few synthetic steps. Furthermore, the SOC matrix elements and the phosphorescence decay rates of these complexes are comparable to those of extensively applied coordination complexes based on heavier metals, making them a promising alternative as active layers of organic light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giliandro Farias
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Cristian A M Salla
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Toigo
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | | | - Adailton J Bortoluzzi
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Edivandro Girotto
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Gallardo
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | | | - Bernardo de Souza
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Ivan H Bechtold
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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9
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Synthetic protocols and applications of copper(I) phosphine and copper(I) phosphine/diimine complexes. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Rios N, Fuentes F, Oliveros D, Mora JR, Garcia-Garfido JM, Otero Y. Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of a new 2,5-di(aryl)phosphole derivative and their trigonal copper–phosphole complexes. J COORD CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2021.1873959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neskarlys Rios
- Centro de Química, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Franmerly Fuentes
- Centro de Química, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Deivi Oliveros
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Grupo de Química Computacional y Teórica (QCT), Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - José R. Mora
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Grupo de Química Computacional y Teórica (QCT), Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan M. Garcia-Garfido
- Centro de Química, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yomaira Otero
- Centro de Química, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
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11
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Zhang B, Zhang J, Sun A, Liu C, Gu M, Chen Y, Wei B, Du C. Efficiently luminescent mononuclear copper iodide complexes with sterically hindered iminephosphine chelating ligands. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00622c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cu(i) complexes realize high luminescence properties due to steric hindrances of the ligands and synergistic heavy atom (Cu and I) effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Ahui Sun
- Microelectronic R&D Center
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Liu
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Mengsi Gu
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yahui Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Bin Wei
- Microelectronic R&D Center
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Chenxia Du
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
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12
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Yoneda T, Kasai C, Manabe Y, Tsurui M, Kitagawa Y, Hasegawa Y, Sarkar P, Inokuma Y. Luminescent Coordination Polymers Constructed from a Flexible, Tetradentate Diisopyrazole Ligand and Copper(I) Halides. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:601-605. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Yoneda
- Division of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Chika Kasai
- Division of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Yumehiro Manabe
- Division of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Makoto Tsurui
- Division of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitagawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido University Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0021 Japan
| | - Yasuchika Hasegawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido University Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0021 Japan
| | - Parantap Sarkar
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido University Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0021 Japan
| | - Yasuhide Inokuma
- Division of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido University Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0021 Japan
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13
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Föller J, Ganter C, Steffen A, Marian CM. Computer-Aided Design of Luminescent Linear N-Heterocyclic Carbene Copper(I) Pyridine Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:5446-5456. [PMID: 30995025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Multireference configuration interaction methods including spin-orbit interactions have been employed to investigate the photophysical properties of various linear N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) copper(I) pyridine complexes with the aim of designing performant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters for use in organic-light-emitting diodes. Our theoretical results indicate that this structural motif is very favorable for generating excited triplet states with high quantum yield. The first excited singlet (SMLCT) and corresponding triplet state (TMLCT) are characterized by dσ → πPy metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excitations. Efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) and reverse ISC (rISC) between these states is mediated by a near-degenerate second triplet state (TMLCT/LC) with large dπ → πPy contributions. Spin-vibronic coupling is strong and is expected to play a major role in the (r)ISC processes. The calculations reveal, however, that the luminescence is effectively quenched by locally excited triplet states if the NHC ligand carries two diisopropylphenyl (DIPP) substituents. When DIPP is replaced with 1-adamantyl residues, this quenching process is suppressed and TADF in the UV spectral regime is predicted to proceed at a rate of about 1/μs. The introduction of +I substituents on the carbene and -M substituents on the pyridine allows tuning of the emission wavelength from the UV to the blue-green or green spectral region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreas Steffen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 , D-44227 Dortmund , Germany
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14
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Wei Q, Chen HT, Liu L, Zhong XX, Wang L, Li FB, Cong HJ, Wong WY, Alamry KA, Qin HM. Syntheses and photoluminescence of copper(i) halide complexes containing dimethylthiophene bidentate phosphine ligands. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01417a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Neutral dinuclear four-coordinate Cu(i) halide complexes containing thiophene exhibit intense bluish green to yellow green emission in the solid state at room temperature.
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15
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Wei Q, Zhang R, Liu L, Zhong XX, Wang L, Li GH, Li FB, Alamry KA, Zhao Y. From deep blue to green emitting and ultralong fluorescent copper(i) halide complexes containing dimethylthiophene diphosphine and PPh3 ligands. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:11448-11459. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01548e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Emission color can be largely tuned from deep blue to green, by changing the solid state from crystal to film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wei
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
| | - Rui Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
| | - Xin-Xin Zhong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
| | - Lei Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Guang-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Fa-Bao Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
| | - Khalid A. Alamry
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- P. R. China
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