1
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Tan Y, Lu X, Ding T. Trace-Amount Detection of Chiral Molecules Based on Plasmonic Racemic Arrays Fabricated via Direct Laser Writing. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3290-3295. [PMID: 38832719 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Superchiral fields, supported by chiral plasmonic structures, have shown outstanding performance for chiral molecule sensing via enhanced chiral light-matter interaction. However, this sensing capability cannot fully reveal the chiral origin of the molecules as the chiroptic response of the molecules is intertwined with the chiroptic response of the chiral plasmonic nanostructures, which can potentially be excluded by using a plasmonic racemic mixture. Such a plasmonic racemic mixture is not easily attainable, as it normally requires complex fabrication and expensive instrumentation, whose structural fineness is limited by the fabrication precision. Here, we demonstrate trace-amount chiral molecule detection with plasmonic racemic arrays fabricated by direct laser writing with vector beams, which is facile, cost-effective, and highly controllable. The racemic arrays present no inherent circular differential scattering but a large local superchiral field, which reflects the intrinsic chiral features of the chiral molecules. They are further applied to discriminate enantiomers of phenylalanine with a limit of detection (LOD) of 10.0 ± 2.8 μM, which is an order of magnitude smaller than the LOD of conventional circular dichroism spectroscopy. The strong local superchiral field provided by the plasmonic racemic arrays enlightens the design of a superior sensing platform, which holds promising applications for biomedical detection and enantioselective drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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2
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Xu J, Li J, Liu X, Hu X, Zhou H, Gao Z, Xu J, Song YY. Structure-regulated enhanced Raman scattering on a semiconductor to study temperature-influenced enantioselective identification. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7308-7315. [PMID: 38756792 PMCID: PMC11095390 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00855c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy is an effective technique that can reveal molecular structure and molecular interaction details. Semiconductor-based SERS platforms exhibit multifaceted tunability and unique selectivity to target molecules as well as high spectral reproducibility. However, the detection sensitivity of semiconductors is impeded by inferior SERS enhancement. Herein, a surface and interference co-enhanced Raman scattering (SICERS) platform based on corrugated TiO2 nanotube arrays (c-TiO2 NTs) was developed, and the coupling of structural regulation and photo-induced charge transfer (PICT) effectively optimized the SERS performance of the semiconductor substrate. Due to the regularly oscillating optical properties of the c-TiO2 NTs, well-defined interference patterns were generated and the local electric field was significantly increased, which greatly promoted both the electromagnetic mechanism and PICT processes. The c-TiO2 NTs were subsequently applied as a highly sensitive SICERS substrate to investigate the mechanism of temperature influence on enantioselective identification. This identification process is related to the existence of temperature-sensitive hydrogen bonds and π-π interaction. This work demonstrates a simply prepared, low-cost, and sensitive SERS substrate that enables better investigation into molecular identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Junhan Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Xuao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Xu Hu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Hairihan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Zhida Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Yan-Yan Song
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China
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3
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Shi Y, Zhang W. Characterizing chiroptical properties of 2D/3D structures based on an improved coupled dipole theory. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:10046-10058. [PMID: 38571225 DOI: 10.1364/oe.517748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
To reveal the difference/connection between two-dimensional and three- dimensional (2D and 3D) chiroptical properties and their relation with 2D/3D symmetry/breaking, we develop an improved coupled dipole theory (ICDT) based on a model system of nanorod (NR) dimer. Our analytical ICDT can overcome the shortcoming of the traditional coupled dipole theory and points out the important role of scattering circular dichroism (SCD) in characterizing 2D chirality. The ICDT, supported by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation, reveals the physical origin of 2D chiroptical response: the interaction induced asymmetric effective polarizability for two identical NRs in a symmetry broken configuration. By tuning the NR's position/inter-particle distance, we find an optimal structure of maximum SCD due to the competition between geometric symmetry breaking and interaction. In addition, the interplay between 2D in-plane mirror symmetry breaking and three-dimensional (3D) mirror symmetry breaking leads to a symmetry broken system with zero SCD. The relation between chirality and reciprocity has also been addressed.
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4
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Biswas A, Cencillo-Abad P, Shabbir MW, Karmakar M, Chanda D. Tunable plasmonic superchiral light for ultrasensitive detection of chiral molecules. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk2560. [PMID: 38394206 PMCID: PMC10889367 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The accurate detection, classification, and separation of chiral molecules are pivotal for advancing pharmaceutical and biomolecular innovations. Engineered chiral light presents a promising avenue to enhance the interaction between light and matter, offering a noninvasive, high-resolution, and cost-effective method for distinguishing enantiomers. Here, we present a nanostructured platform for surface-enhanced infrared absorption-induced vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) based on an achiral plasmonic system. This platform enables precise measurement, differentiation, and quantification of enantiomeric mixtures, including concentration and enantiomeric excess determination. Our experimental results exhibit a 13 orders of magnitude higher detection sensitivity for chiral enantiomers compared to conventional VCD spectroscopic techniques, accounting for respective path lengths and concentrations. The tunable spectral characteristics of this achiral plasmonic system facilitate the detection of a diverse range of chiral compounds. The platform's simplicity, tunability, and exceptional sensitivity holds remarkable potential for enantiomer classification in drug design, pharmaceuticals, and biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Biswas
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, 4304 Scorpius St., Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Pablo Cencillo-Abad
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Muhammad W Shabbir
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Manobina Karmakar
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Debashis Chanda
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, 4304 Scorpius St., Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, 4111 Libra Drive, Physical Sciences Bldg. 430, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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5
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Zhang C, Hu H, Ma C, Li Y, Wang X, Li D, Movsesyan A, Wang Z, Govorov A, Gan Q, Ding T. Quantum plasmonics pushes chiral sensing limit to single molecules: a paradigm for chiral biodetections. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2. [PMID: 38169462 PMCID: PMC10762144 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral sensing of single molecules is vital for the understanding of chirality and their applications in biomedicine. However, current technologies face severe limitations in achieving single-molecule sensitivity. Here we overcome these limitations by designing a tunable chiral supramolecular plasmonic system made of helical oligoamide sequences (OS) and nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) resonator, which works across the classical and quantum regimes. Our design enhances the chiral sensitivity in the quantum tunnelling regime despite of the reduced local E-field, which is due to the strong Coulomb interactions between the chiral OSs and the achiral NPoMs and the additional enhancement from tunnelling electrons. A minimum of four molecules per single-Au particle can be detected, which allows for the detection of an enantiomeric excess within a monolayer, manifesting great potential for the chiral sensing of single molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Huatian Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 430205, Wuhan, China
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Barsanti 14, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
| | - Chunmiao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Yawen Li
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Xujie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongyao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Artur Movsesyan
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610054, Chengdu, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610054, Chengdu, China
| | - Alexander Govorov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Quan Gan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China.
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6
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Endo K, Hashiyada S, Narushima T, Togawa Y, Okamoto H. Circular dichroism of pseudo-two-dimensional metal nanostructures: Rotational symmetry and reciprocity. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:234706. [PMID: 38112510 DOI: 10.1063/5.0178943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) spectra for pseudo-two-dimensional chiral nanomaterials were systematically investigated and analyzed in relation to the rotational symmetry of the nanomaterials. Theoretically, an ideal two-dimensional chiral matter is CD inactive for light incident normal to the plane if it possesses threefold or higher rotational symmetry. If the matter has two- or onefold rotational symmetry, it should exhibit CD activity, and the CD signal measured from the back side of the matter is expected to be inverted from that measured from the front side. For pseudo-two-dimensional chiral gold nanostructures fabricated on glass substrates using electron beam lithography, matter with fourfold rotational symmetry is found to be CD active, even when special care is taken to ensure that the optical environments for the front and back sides of the sample are equivalent. In this case, the CD signal measured from the back side is found to be almost exactly the same as that measured from the front side. It is revealed that the observed chiro-optical behavior arises from three-dimensional chiral characteristics due to differences in the surface shape between the front and back sides of the structures. For matter that is two- or onefold rotationally symmetric, the CD signal measured from the back side is not coincident with that from the front side. For certain wavelength regions, the CD signals measured from the front side and back side are observed to be similar, while at other wavelengths, the inverted component of the CD signals is found to dominate. The observed CD spectral behavior for reciprocal optical measurement configurations is considered to be determined by a balance between the in-plane isotropic and anisotropic components of the chiral permittivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensaku Endo
- Department of Physics and Electronics, School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shun Hashiyada
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Narushima
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Togawa
- Department of Physics and Electronics, School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hiromi Okamoto
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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7
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Ye L, Li J, Richter FU, Jahani Y, Lu R, Lee BR, Tseng ML, Altug H. Dielectric Tetramer Nanoresonators Supporting Strong Superchiral Fields for Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:4377-4384. [PMID: 38533249 PMCID: PMC10961839 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Chirality (C) is a fundamental property of objects, in terms of symmetry. It is extremely important to sense and distinguish chiral molecules in the fields of biochemistry, science, and medicine. Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy, obtained from the differential absorption of left- and right- circularly polarized light (CPL) in the infrared range, is a promising technique for enantiomeric detection and separation. However, VCD signals are typically very weak for most small molecules. Dielectric metasurfaces are an emerging platform to enhance the sensitivity of VCD spectroscopy of chiral molecules via superchiral field manipulation. Here, we demonstrate a dielectric metasurface consisting of achiral germanium (Ge) tetramer nanoresonators that provide a proper and accessible high C enhancement (CE). We realize a maximum C enhancement (CE_max) with respect to the incident CPL (CE_max = Cmax/CRCP) of more than 750. The volume-averaged C enhancement (CE_ave = Cave/CRCP) is 148 in the 50 nm thick region above the sample surface and 215 in the central region of the structure. Especially, the corresponding CE_ave values are more than 89 and 183 even when a 50 nm thick chiral lossy molecular layer is coated on the metasurface. The metasurface benefits from geometrically achiral nanostructure design to eliminate intrinsic background chiral-optical signal from the substrate, which is useful in chiral sensing, enantioselectivity, and VCD spectroscopy applications in the mid-infrared range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfang Ye
- Institute
of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and
Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Institute
of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and
Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Felix Ulrich Richter
- Laboratory
of Bionanophotonic Systems, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Yasaman Jahani
- Laboratory
of Bionanophotonic Systems, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Rui Lu
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse,
School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Ray Lee
- Institute
of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao
Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ming Lun Tseng
- Institute
of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao
Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hatice Altug
- Laboratory
of Bionanophotonic Systems, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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8
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Liu N, Wang S, Lv J, Zhang J. Achiral nanoparticle trapping and chiral nanoparticle separating with quasi-BIC metasurface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:28912-28928. [PMID: 37710700 DOI: 10.1364/oe.497432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric metasurfaces based on quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs) are a promising approach for manipulating light-matter interactions. In this study, we numerically demonstrate the potential of silicon elliptical tetramer dielectric metasurfaces for achirality nanoparticle trapping and chiral nanoparticle separation. We first analyze a symmetric tetramer metasurface, which exhibits dual resonances (P1 and P2) with high electromagnetic field intensity enhancement and a high-quality factor (Q-factor). This metasurface can trap achiral nanoparticles with a maximum optical trapping force of 35 pN for 20 nm particles at an input intensity of 100 mW. We then investigate an asymmetric tetramer metasurface, which can identify and separate enantiomers under the excitation of left-handed circularly polarized (LCP) light. Results show that the chiral optical force can push one enantiomer towards regions of the quasi-BIC system while removing the other. In addition, the proposed asymmetric tetramer metasurface can provide multiple Fano resonances (ranging from R1 to R5) and high trap potential wells of up to 33 kBT. Our results demonstrate that the proposed all-dielectric metasurface has high performance in nanoparticle detection, with potential applications in biology, life science, and applied physics.
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9
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Han JH, Lim YC, Kim RM, Lv J, Cho NH, Kim H, Namgung SD, Im SW, Nam KT. Neural-Network-Enabled Design of a Chiral Plasmonic Nanodimer for Target-Specific Chirality Sensing. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2306-2317. [PMID: 36648062 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of chiral molecules in various solvents is essential. However, there are still many challenges to enhancing the sensitivity in precisely determining both concentration and chirality. Here, we built an algorithmic methodology to predict and optimally design the chiroptical response of chiral plasmonic sensors for a specific target chiral analyte with the aid of deep learning. Based upon the analytic and intuitive understanding of the Born-Kuhn type plasmonic nanodimer, we designed and trained the neural networks that can successfully predict the chiroptical properties and further inversely design the plasmonic structure to achieve the intended circular dichroism. The developed algorithm could identify the optimum structure exhibiting the maximum sensitivity for the given specific analytes. Surprisingly, we discovered that sensitivity strongly depends on the various conditions of analytes and can be finely tuned with the structural parameters of plasmonic nanodimers. We envision that this study can provide a general platform to develop ultrasensitive chiral plasmonic sensors whose structure and sensitivity have been evolved algorithmically for adoption in specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hyun Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yae-Chan Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeong Myeong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiawei Lv
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Heon Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeohn Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Daniel Namgung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Im
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Tae Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
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10
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Stamatopoulou PE, Droulias S, Acuna GP, Mortensen NA, Tserkezis C. Reconfigurable chirality with achiral excitonic materials in the strong-coupling regime. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17581-17588. [PMID: 36408680 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05063c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We introduce and theoretically analyze the concept of manipulating optical chirality via strong coupling of the optical modes of chiral nanostructures with excitonic transitions in molecular layers or semiconductors. With chirality being omnipresent in chemistry and biomedicine, and highly desirable for technological applications related to efficient light manipulation, the design of nanophotonic architectures that sense the handedness of molecules or generate the desired light polarization in an externally controllable manner is of major interdisciplinary importance. Here we propose that such capabilities can be provided by the mode splitting resulting from polaritonic hybridization. Starting with an object with well-known chiroptical response-here, for a proof of concept, a chiral sphere-we show that strong coupling with a nearby excitonic material generates two spectral branches that retain the object's high chirality density, which manifest most clearly through anticrossings in circular-dichroism or differential-scattering dispersion diagrams. These windows can be controlled by the intrinsic properties of the excitonic layer and the strength of the interaction, enabling thus the post-fabrication manipulation of optical chirality. Our findings are further verified via simulations of circular dichroism of a realistic chiral architecture, namely a helical assembly of plasmonic nanospheres embedded in a resonant matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Elli Stamatopoulou
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Sotiris Droulias
- Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, GR-18534, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Guillermo P Acuna
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - N Asger Mortensen
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Christos Tserkezis
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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11
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Rui G, Ji Y, Gu B, Cui Y, Zhan Q. Nanoscale chiral imaging under complex optical field excitation with controllable oriented chiral dipole moment. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:42696-42711. [PMID: 36366718 DOI: 10.1364/oe.473133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since chirality is a fundamental building block of nature, the identification of the chiral specimen's structure is of great interest, especially in applications involving the modification and utilization of proteins. In this work, by exploiting photoinduced force exerted on an achiral tip placed in the vicinity of a reciprocal chiral sample, a novel technique is proposed to detect the sample's chirality in nanoscale spatial resolution. Under separate excitation of focal field carrying chiral dipole moment with opposite handedness, there is a differential optical force ΔF exerted on the tip apex, which is connected to the enantiomer type and quasi-linearly depends on specific component of the sample's chirality parameter. With the help of time-reversal approach, we prove that the required excitation can be derived by radiation fields from the superposition of parallel electric and magnetic dipoles. Through adjusting the orientation of the chiral dipole moment, all the diagonal components of the sample's chirality can be exclusively retrieved. In addition, the sensitivity of the proposed technique is demonstrated to enantiospecify nanoscale chiral samples with chirality parameter on the order of 0.001. The proposed technique may open new avenue for wide applications in biomedicine, material science and pharmaceutics.
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12
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Liu W, Deng L, Guo Y, Yang W, Xia S, Yan W, Yang Y, Qin J, Bi L. Enhanced chiral sensing in achiral nanostructures with linearly polarized light. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:26306-26314. [PMID: 36236825 DOI: 10.1364/oe.463918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chiral plasmonic nanostructures can generate large superchiral near fields owing to their intrinsic chirality, leveraging applications for molecule chirality sensing. However, the large structural chirality of chiral nanostructures poses the risk of overshadowing molecular chiral signals, hampering the practical application of chiral nanostructures. Herein, we propose an achiral nanorod that shows no structural chirality and presents strong superchiral near-fields with linearly polarized incidence. The mechanism of the strong superchiral near-field originates from the coupling between the evanescent fields of the localized surface plasmon resonance and incident light. The enhanced near-field optical chirality at the corners of the nanorods reached 25 at a wavelength of 790 nm. Meanwhile, the sign of optical chirality can be tuned by the polarization of the incident light, which provides a convenient way to control the handedness of the light. Furthermore, the enantiomers of D- and L-phenylalanine molecules were experimentally characterized using an achiral platform, which demonstrated a promising nanophotonic platform for chiral biomedical sensing.
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13
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Feng YJ, Simbulan KB, Yang TH, Chen YR, Li KS, Chu CJ, Lu TH, Lan YW. Twisted Light-Induced Photocurrent in a Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9297-9303. [PMID: 35713188 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Light can possess orbital angular momentum (OAM), in addition to spin angular momentum (SAM), which offers nearly infinite possible values of momentum states, allowing a wider degree of freedom for information processing and communications. The OAM of light induces a selection rule that obeys the law of conservation of angular momentum as it interacts with a material, affecting the material's optical and electrical properties. In this work, silicon nanowire field-effect transistors are subjected to light with OAM, also known as twisted light. Electrical measurements on the devices consequently reveal photocurrent enhancements after incrementing the OAM of the incident light from 0ℏ (fundamental mode) to 5ℏ. Such a phenomenon is attributed to the enhancements of the photogating and the photoconductive effects under the influence of the OAM of light, the underlying mechanism of which is proposed and discussed using energy band diagrams. With these observations, a strategy for controlling photocurrent has been introduced, which can be a realization of the application in the field of optoelectronics technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jie Feng
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Kristan Bryan Simbulan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines
| | - Tilo H Yang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Ye-Ru Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Shin Li
- Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Chu
- Silicon Based Molecular Sensoring Technology CO., Ltd. (Molsentech), Taipei 11571, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hua Lu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Wen Lan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
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14
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Sun X, Xu M, Wang G, Song Q, Li Y, Gao X. Circular dichroic metasurface based on a "double L" structure. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:3435-3442. [PMID: 35471440 DOI: 10.1364/ao.451392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Based on the theory of circular polarization dichroism in electromagnetic fields, this paper studies the circular dichroism (CD) characteristics of metasurfaces. Using a stable silicon material, an innovative "double L-shaped" composite structure formed by two L crosses is proposed to improve CD. Under a wide spectrum with wavelengths of 1000-1500 nm, the left circularly polarized (LCP) and right circularly polarized (RCP) lights pass through the structure, and we study the influence of different structural parameters on the CD, in order to obtain the best structural parameters. These realize the cross polarization of left-right circularly polarized light. In addition, at the wavelength of 1302.63 nm, the LCP light illuminates the structure, which realizes the cross polarization of LCP light; that is, the structure realizes the function of a half-wave plate. The RCP light incident structure realizes the function of a filter. It has great application prospects in biological detection, half-wave plates, filters, and other fields.
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15
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Mao L, Cheng P, Liu K, Lian M, Cao T. Sieving nanometer enantiomers using bound states in the continuum from the metasurface. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:1617-1625. [PMID: 36134367 PMCID: PMC9419565 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00764e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Enantioseparation of chiral molecules is an important aspect of life sciences, chemical syntheses, and physics. Yet, the prevailing chemical techniques are not effective. Recently, a few types of plasmonic apertures have been theoretically proposed to distinguish between chiral molecules that vary based on their handedness under circularly polarized illumination. Both analytic calculations and numerical simulation demonstrated that enantioselective optical sieving could be obtained at the nanoscale using a large chiral optical force based on plasmonic resonance enhanced near-field chiral gradients in the aperture. Nevertheless, scaling this scheme to chiral entities of a few nanometer size (i.e., proteins and DNA) faces formidable challenges owing to the fabrication limit of a deeply sub-nanometer aperture and the intense power levels needed for nanoscale trapping. In contrast, by extending the Friedrich-Wintgen theory of the bound states in the continuum (BIC) to photonics, one may explore another mechanism to obtain enantioselective separation of chiral nanoparticles using all-dielectric nanostructures. Here, we present a metasurface composed of an array of silicon (Si) nanodisks embedded with off-set holes, which supports a sharp high-quality (Q) magnetic dipolar (MD) resonance originating from a distortion of symmetry-protected BIC, so called quasi-BIC. We, for the very first time, show that such a quasi-BIC MD resonance can markedly improve the chiral lateral force on the paired enantiomers with linearly polarized illumination. This quasi-BIC MD resonance can enhance the chirality density gradient with alternating sign at each octant around the Si nanodisk, while exhibiting a small gradient for the electromagnetic (EM) density. This offers a chiral lateral force that is 1 order larger in magnitude compared to the non-chiral lateral forces on sub-2 nm chiral objects with a chirality parameter of ±0.01. Moreover, the quasi-BIC MD resonance can excite four pairs of diverse optical potential wells (-13k B T) that are distributed uniformly along the outer edge of the resonator, enabling a simultaneous separation of four paired enantiomers. Our proposed dielectric metasurface may move forward the techniques of enantioseparation and enantiopurification, taking a novel perspective to advanced all-optical enantiopure synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libang Mao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Peiyuan Cheng
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Kuan Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Meng Lian
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Tun Cao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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16
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Warning LA, Miandashti AR, McCarthy LA, Zhang Q, Landes CF, Link S. Nanophotonic Approaches for Chirality Sensing. ACS NANO 2021; 15:15538-15566. [PMID: 34609836 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chiral nanophotonic materials are promising candidates for biosensing applications because they focus light into nanometer dimensions, increasing their sensitivity to the molecular signatures of their surroundings. Recent advances in nanomaterial-enhanced chirality sensing provide detection limits as low as attomolar concentrations (10-18 M) for biomolecules and are relevant to the pharmaceutical industry, forensic drug testing, and medical applications that require high sensitivity. Here, we review the development of chiral nanomaterials and their application for detecting biomolecules, supramolecular structures, and other environmental stimuli. We discuss superchiral near-field generation in both dielectric and plasmonic metamaterials that are composed of chiral or achiral nanostructure arrays. These materials are also applicable for enhancing chiroptical signals from biomolecules. We review the plasmon-coupled circular dichroism mechanism observed for plasmonic nanoparticles and discuss how hotspot-enhanced plasmon-coupled circular dichroism applies to biosensing. We then review single-particle spectroscopic methods for achieving the ultimate goal of single-molecule chirality sensing. Finally, we discuss future outlooks of nanophotonic chiral systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qingfeng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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17
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Rosales SA, Albella P, González F, Gutiérrez Y, Moreno F. CDDA: extension and analysis of the discrete dipole approximation for chiral systems. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:30020-30034. [PMID: 34614734 DOI: 10.1364/oe.434061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Discrete dipole approximation (DDA) is a computational method broadly used to solve light scattering problems. In this work, we propose an extension of DDA that we call Chiral-DDA (CDDA), to study light-chiral matter interactions with the capability of describing the underlying physics behind. Here, CDDA is used to solve and analyze the interaction of a nanoantenna (either metallic or dielectric) with a chiral molecule located in its near field at different positions. Our method allowed to relate near field interactions with far field spectral response of the system, elucidating the role that the nanoantenna electric and magnetic polarizabilities play in the coupling with a chiral molecule. In general, this is not straightforward with other methods. We believe that CDDA has the potential to help researchers revealing some of the still unclear mechanisms responsible for the chiral signal enhancements induced by nanoantennas.
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18
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Abstract
Nanophotonics allows the manipulation of light on the subwavelength scale. Optical nanoantennas are nanoscale elements that enable increased resolution in bioimaging, novel photon sources, solar cells with higher absorption, and the detection of fluorescence from a single molecule. While plasmonic nanoantennas have been extensively explored in the literature, dielectric nanoantennas have several advantages over their plasmonic counterparts, including low dissipative losses and near-field enhancement of both electric and magnetic fields. Nanoantennas increase the optical density of states, which increase the rate of spontaneous emission due to the Purcell effect. The increase is quantified by the Purcell factor, which depends on the mode volume and the quality factor. It is one of the main performance parameters for nanoantennas. One particularly interesting feature of dielectric nanoantennas is the possibility of integrating them into optical resonators with a high quality-factor, further improving the performance of the nanoantennas and giving very high Purcell factors. This review introduces the properties and parameters of dielectric optical nanoantennas, and gives a classification of the nanoantennas based on the number and shape of the nanoantenna elements. An overview of recent progress in the field is provided, and a simulation is included as an example. The simulated nanoantenna, a dimer consisting of two silicon nanospheres separated by a gap, is shown to have a very small mode volume, but a low quality-factor. Some recent works on photonic crystal resonators are reviewed, including one that includes a nanoantenna in the bowtie unit-cell. This results in an enormous increase in the calculated Purcell factor, from 200 for the example dimer, to 8 × 106 for the photonic crystal resonator. Some applications of dielectric nanoantennas are described. With current progress in the field, it is expected that the number of applications will grow and that nanoantennas will be incorporated into new commercial products. A list of relevant materials with high refractive indexes and low losses is presented and discussed. Finally, prospects and major challenges for dielectric nanoantennas are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rabiul Hasan
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Olav Gaute Hellesø
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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19
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Lu J, Xue Y, Bernardino K, Zhang NN, Gomes WR, Ramesar NS, Liu S, Hu Z, Sun T, de Moura AF, Kotov NA, Liu K. Enhanced optical asymmetry in supramolecular chiroplasmonic assemblies with long-range order. Science 2021; 371:1368-1374. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abd8576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kalil Bernardino
- Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ning-Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weverson R. Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Naomi S. Ramesar
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuhan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Andre Farias de Moura
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Nicholas A. Kotov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Optical Functional Theranostics Joint Laboratory of Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Chiral Nanomaterials Research Center, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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20
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Chen Y, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Qiu CW. Integrated Molar Chiral Sensing Based on High- Q Metasurface. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8696-8703. [PMID: 33215497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is conventionally utilized for the enantiomer-specific analysis of chiral samples, which is of great significance in academia and industry. Recently, metasurfaces have been introduced for enhancing the sensitivity of CD spectroscopy. However, the obtained CD spectrum alone cannot provide the enantiomer composition of a chiral sample. It should be normalized by the molar concentration of chiral molecules, which is usually measured on a different platform. Here, for the first time we demonstrate the integrated acquisition of CD spectrum and molar concentration over an individual metasurface with high sensitivities. High-Q resonances are supported on the metasurface, governed by bound states in the continuum. The generated superchiral field enables a 59-times enhancement of CD signal. Meanwhile, the refractive index-based detection of molar concentration achieves a large figure-of-merit of 80.6. Accordingly, a standard procedure is established for the integrated molar chiral sensing with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhe Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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21
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Solomon ML, Abendroth JM, Poulikakos LV, Hu J, Dionne JA. Fluorescence-Detected Circular Dichroism of a Chiral Molecular Monolayer with Dielectric Metasurfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18304-18309. [PMID: 33048539 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Strong enhancement of molecular circular dichroism (CD) has the potential to enable efficient asymmetric photolysis, a method of chiral separation that has conventionally been impeded by insufficient yield and low enantiomeric excess. Here, we study experimentally how predicted enhancements in optical chirality density near resonant silicon nanodisks boost CD. We use fluorescence-detected circular dichroism (FDCD) spectroscopy to measure indirectly the differential absorption of circularly polarized light by a monolayer of optically active molecules functionalized to silicon nanodisk arrays. Importantly, the molecules and nanodisk antennas have spectrally coincident resonances, and our fluorescence technique allows us to deconvolute absorption in the nanodisks from the molecules. We find that enhanced FDCD signals depend on nanophotonic resonances, in good agreement with simulated differential absorption and optical chirality density, while no signal is detected from molecules adsorbed on featureless silicon surfaces. These results verify the potential of nanophotonic platforms to be used for asymmetric photolysis with lower energy requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Solomon
- Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - John M Abendroth
- Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Lisa V Poulikakos
- Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jack Hu
- Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jennifer A Dionne
- Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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22
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Mun J, Kim M, Yang Y, Badloe T, Ni J, Chen Y, Qiu CW, Rho J. Electromagnetic chirality: from fundamentals to nontraditional chiroptical phenomena. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:139. [PMID: 32922765 PMCID: PMC7463035 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chirality arises universally across many different fields. Recent advancements in artificial nanomaterials have demonstrated chiroptical responses that far exceed those found in natural materials. Chiroptical phenomena are complicated processes that involve transitions between states with opposite parities, and solid interpretations of these observations are yet to be clearly provided. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the theoretical aspects of chirality in light, nanostructures, and nanosystems and their chiroptical interactions. Descriptions of observed chiroptical phenomena based on these fundamentals are intensively discussed. We start with the strong intrinsic and extrinsic chirality in plasmonic nanoparticle systems, followed by enantioselective sensing and optical manipulation, and then conclude with orbital angular momentum-dependent responses. This review will be helpful for understanding the mechanisms behind chiroptical phenomena based on underlying chiral properties and useful for interpreting chiroptical systems for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungho Mun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673 Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673 Korea
| | - Younghwan Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673 Korea
| | - Trevon Badloe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673 Korea
| | - Jincheng Ni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583 Singapore
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583 Singapore
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583 Singapore
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673 Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673 Korea
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23
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Bao J, Liu N, Tian H, Wang Q, Cui T, Jiang W, Zhang S, Cao T. Chirality Enhancement Using Fabry-Pérot-Like Cavity. RESEARCH 2020; 2020:7873581. [PMID: 32190834 PMCID: PMC7064819 DOI: 10.34133/2020/7873581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Chiral molecules that do not superimpose on their mirror images are the foundation of all life forms on earth. Chiral molecules exhibit chiroptical responses, i.e., they have different electromagnetic responses to light of different circular polarizations. However, chiroptical responses in natural materials, such as circular dichroism and optical rotation dispersion, are intrinsically small because the size of a chiral molecule is significantly shorter than the wavelength of electromagnetic wave. Conventional technology for enhancing chiroptical signal entails demanding requirements on precise alignment of the chiral molecules to certain nanostructures, which however only leads to a limited performance. Herein, we show a new approach towards enhancement of chiroptical effects through a Fabry–Pérot (FP) cavity formed by two handedness-preserving metamirrors operating in the GHz region. We experimentally show that the FP cavity resonator can enhance the optical activity of the chiral molecule by an order of magnitude. Our approach may pave the way towards state-of-the-art chiral sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Bao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hanwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Tiejun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Weixiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tun Cao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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24
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García-Guirado J, Svedendahl M, Puigdollers J, Quidant R. Enhanced Chiral Sensing with Dielectric Nanoresonators. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:585-591. [PMID: 31851826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chiro-sensitive molecular detection is highly relevant as many biochemical compounds, the building blocks of life, are chiral. Optical chirality is conventionally detected through circular dichroism (CD) in the UV range, where molecules naturally absorb. Recently, plasmonics has been proposed as a way to boost the otherwise very weak CD signal and translate it to the visible/NIR range, where technology is friendlier. Here, we explore how dielectric nanoresonators can contribute to efficiently differentiate molecular enantiomers. We study the influence of the detuning between electric (ED) and magnetic dipole (MD) resonances in silicon nanocylinders on the quality of the CD signal. While our experimental data, supported by numerical simulations, demonstrate that dielectric nanoresonators can perform even better than their plasmonic counterpart, exhibiting larger CD enhancements, we do not observe any significant influence of the optical chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose García-Guirado
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Mikael Svedendahl
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Roslagstullsbacken 21 , 10691 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Joaquim Puigdollers
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) , Departament d'Ingeniería Electrónica , 08034 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Romain Quidant
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nicholas A Kotov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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26
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Optical Helicity and Optical Chirality in Free Space and in the Presence of Matter. Symmetry (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/sym11091113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The inherently weak nature of chiral light–matter interactions can be enhanced by orders of magnitude utilizing artificially-engineered nanophotonic structures. These structures enable high spatial concentration of electromagnetic fields with controlled helicity and chirality. However, the effective design and optimization of nanostructures requires defining physical observables which quantify the degree of electromagnetic helicity and chirality. In this perspective, we discuss optical helicity, optical chirality, and their related conservation laws, describing situations in which each provides the most meaningful physical information in free space and in the context of chiral light–matter interactions. First, an instructive comparison is drawn to the concepts of momentum, force, and energy in classical mechanics. In free space, optical helicity closely parallels momentum, whereas optical chirality parallels force. In the presence of macroscopic matter, the optical helicity finds its optimal physical application in the case of lossless, dual-symmetric media, while, in contrast, the optical chirality provides physically observable information in the presence of lossy, dispersive media. Finally, based on numerical simulations of a gold and silicon nanosphere, we discuss how metallic and dielectric nanostructures can generate chiral electromagnetic fields upon interaction with chiral light, offering guidelines for the rational design of nanostructure-enhanced electromagnetic chirality.
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27
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Hu H, Gan Q, Zhan Q. Generation of a Nondiffracting Superchiral Optical Needle for Circular Dichroism Imaging of Sparse Subdiffraction Objects. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:223901. [PMID: 31283270 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.223901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Chirality describes not only the structural property of three-dimensional objects, but also an intrinsic feature of electromagnetic fields. Here we report a strategy to realize a Bessel beam superchiral "needle" by focusing a twisted radially polarized beam on a planar dielectric interface. By tailoring the light spatial distribution in the pupil plane of a high numerical aperture lens, the chirality of the local field at the focus can be enhanced by 11.9-fold than that of a circular polarized beam. Through a combined interaction of chiral and achiral transitions, the dimension of the region with enhanced chiral sensitivity can be shrunk down to λ/25. This theoretical work paves the way towards a completely new label-free imaging technique using the enhanced circular dichroism for sparse subdiffraction chiral objects (e.g., individual molecules).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Hu
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Qiaoqiang Gan
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Qiwen Zhan
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Department of Electro-Optics and Photonics, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, Ohio 45469-2951, USA
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