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Tegafaw T, Liu S, Ahmad MY, Saidi AKAA, Zhao D, Liu Y, Nam SW, Chang Y, Lee GH. Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based High-Performance Positive and Negative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1745. [PMID: 37376193 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have attracted considerable research interest as versatile substances for various biomedical applications, particularly as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Depending on their composition and particle size, most MNPs are either paramagnetic or superparamagnetic. The unique, advanced magnetic properties of MNPs, such as appreciable paramagnetic or strong superparamagnetic moments at room temperature, along with their large surface area, easy surface functionalization, and the ability to offer stronger contrast enhancements in MRI, make them superior to molecular MRI contrast agents. As a result, MNPs are promising candidates for various diagnostic and therapeutic applications. They can function as either positive (T1) or negative (T2) MRI contrast agents, producing brighter or darker MR images, respectively. In addition, they can function as dual-modal T1 and T2 MRI contrast agents, producing either brighter or darker MR images, depending on the operational mode. It is essential that the MNPs are grafted with hydrophilic and biocompatible ligands to maintain their nontoxicity and colloidal stability in aqueous media. The colloidal stability of MNPs is critical in order to achieve a high-performance MRI function. Most of the MNP-based MRI contrast agents reported in the literature are still in the developmental stage. With continuous progress being made in the detailed scientific research on them, their use in clinical settings may be realized in the future. In this study, we present an overview of the recent developments in the various types of MNP-based MRI contrast agents and their in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirusew Tegafaw
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdullah Khamis Ali Al Saidi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dejun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wook Nam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmin Chang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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2
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Gómez-González E, Caro C, García-Martín ML, Becerro AI, Ocaña M. Outstanding MRI contrast with dysprosium phosphate nanoparticles of tuneable size. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:11461-11470. [PMID: 35904370 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02630a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of high-field magnets for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is expected to experience the fastest growth rate during the present decade. Although several CAs for MRI scanners using high magnetic fields have been reported, they are mostly based on fluoride matrices, which are known for their low chemical stability in aqueous suspensions. Chemically stable MRI CAs for high-field magnets are therefore needed to enable the advances in MRI technique. Herein, we synthesized uniform DyPO4 nanoparticles (NPs) with tuneable sizes between 23 and 57 nm using homogeneous precipitation in butanol. The NPs were successfully functionalized with polyacrylic acid (PAA) and showed good colloidal stability in aqueous suspensions. Chemical stability was also assessed in PBS, showing negligible solubility. The effect of particle size on the transversal relaxivity value (r2) was further explored at 9.4 T, finding a clear increase in r2 with particle size. The r2 value found for the largest NPs was 516 mM-1 s-1, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest r2 value ever reported at 9.4 T for any Dy-based nanometric particles in the literature. Finally, the latter NPs were submitted to biosafety studies after polyethylene glycol (PEG) functionalization. Cell morphology, induction of necrotic/late apoptotic cells, and mitochondrial activity were thoroughly analyzed. The results clearly indicated negligible toxicity effects under the assayed conditions. Short- and long-term in vivo pharmacokinetics of the intravenously injected NPs were assessed by dynamic T2-weighted MRI and quantitative T2 mapping, revealing faster liver than spleen uptake, while no accumulation was observed in the kidneys. Finally, no histopathological changes were observed in any of the studied organs, including the liver, kidney, spleen, and lung, which provide further evidence of the biocompatibility of DyPO4 NPs and, therefore, their suitability as bioimaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Gómez-González
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS) CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Carlos Caro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga - Plataforma Bionand (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND) and CIBER-BBN, Málaga 29590, Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga - Plataforma Bionand (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND) and CIBER-BBN, Málaga 29590, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Becerro
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS) CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Manuel Ocaña
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS) CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
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Farcasanu A, Todea M, Muresan-Pop M, Petrisor D, Simion A, Vulpoi A, Simon S. Synthesis and structural characterization of silica particles doped with Dy and Gd paramagnetic ions as MRI contrast agents. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Ellis CM, Pellico J, Young LAJ, Miller J, Davis JJ. Promoting high T2 contrast in Dy-doped MSNs through Curie effects. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:302-305. [PMID: 34914815 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01894a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Contrast agents retaining high relaxivities at ultrahigh magnetic fields underpin an enhanced image sensitivity within derived MRI scans. By varying the Dy3+ loading density inside a mesoporous silica architecture the dominant Curie effect can be effectively tuned so as to optimise T2 contrast at magnetic fields as high as 11.7 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor M Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | - Juan Pellico
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK. .,School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Liam A J Young
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.,Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 0, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jack Miller
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.,Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 0, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.,Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
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Design and Synthesis of Luminescent Lanthanide-Based Bimodal Nanoprobes for Dual Magnetic Resonance (MR) and Optical Imaging. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020354. [PMID: 33535481 PMCID: PMC7912730 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Current biomedical imaging techniques are crucial for the diagnosis of various diseases. Each imaging technique uses specific probes that, although each one has its own merits, do not encompass all the functionalities required for comprehensive imaging (sensitivity, non-invasiveness, etc.). Bimodal imaging methods are therefore rapidly becoming an important topic in advanced healthcare. This bimodality can be achieved by successive image acquisitions involving different and independent probes, one for each mode, with the risk of artifacts. It can be also achieved simultaneously by using a single probe combining a complete set of physical and chemical characteristics, in order to record complementary views of the same biological object at the same time. In this scenario, and focusing on bimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging (OI), probes can be engineered by the attachment, more or less covalently, of a contrast agent (CA) to an organic or inorganic dye, or by designing single objects containing both the optical emitter and MRI-active dipole. If in the first type of system, there is frequent concern that at some point the dye may dissociate from the magnetic dipole, it may not in the second type. This review aims to present a summary of current activity relating to this kind of dual probes, with a special emphasis on lanthanide-based luminescent nano-objects.
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Yuan D, Ellis CM, Davis JJ. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles in Bioimaging. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3795. [PMID: 32867401 PMCID: PMC7504327 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A biomedical contrast agent serves to enhance the visualisation of a specific (potentially targeted) physiological region. In recent years, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have developed as a flexible imaging platform of tuneable size/morphology, abundant surface chemistry, biocompatibility and otherwise useful physiochemical properties. This review discusses MSN structural types and synthetic strategies, as well as methods for surface functionalisation. Recent applications in biomedical imaging are then discussed, with a specific emphasis on magnetic resonance and optical modes together with utility in multimodal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK; (D.Y.); (C.M.E.)
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Caspani S, Magalhães R, Araújo JP, Sousa CT. Magnetic Nanomaterials as Contrast Agents for MRI. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112586. [PMID: 32517085 PMCID: PMC7321635 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a powerful, noninvasive and nondestructive technique, capable of providing three-dimensional (3D) images of living organisms. The use of magnetic contrast agents has allowed clinical researchers and analysts to significantly increase the sensitivity and specificity of MRI, since these agents change the intrinsic properties of the tissues within a living organism, increasing the information present in the images. Advances in nanotechnology and materials science, as well as the research of new magnetic effects, have been the driving forces that are propelling forward the use of magnetic nanostructures as promising alternatives to commercial contrast agents used in MRI. This review discusses the principles associated with the use of contrast agents in MRI, as well as the most recent reports focused on nanostructured contrast agents. The potential applications of gadolinium- (Gd) and manganese- (Mn) based nanomaterials and iron oxide nanoparticles in this imaging technique are discussed as well, from their magnetic behavior to the commonly used materials and nanoarchitectures. Additionally, recent efforts to develop new types of contrast agents based on synthetic antiferromagnetic and high aspect ratio nanostructures are also addressed. Furthermore, the application of these materials in theragnosis, either as contrast agents and controlled drug release systems, contrast agents and thermal therapy materials or contrast agents and radiosensitizers, is also presented.
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8
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Kim HK, Baek AR, Choi G, Lee JJ, Yang JU, Jung H, Lee T, Kim D, Kim M, Cho A, Lee GH, Chang Y. Highly brain-permeable apoferritin nanocage with high dysprosium loading capacity as a new T2 contrast agent for ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging. Biomaterials 2020; 243:119939. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Chakravarty S, Hix JML, Wiewiora KA, Volk MC, Kenyon E, Shuboni-Mulligan DD, Blanco-Fernandez B, Kiupel M, Thomas J, Sempere LF, Shapiro EM. Tantalum oxide nanoparticles as versatile contrast agents for X-ray computed tomography. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7720-7734. [PMID: 32211669 PMCID: PMC7185737 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01234c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe the synthesis, characterization and in vitro and in vivo performance of a series of tantalum oxide (TaOx) based nanoparticles (NPs) for computed tomography (CT). Five distinct versions of 9-12 nm diameter silane coated TaOx nanocrystals (NCs) were fabricated by a sol-gel method with varying degrees of hydrophilicity and with or without fluorescence, with the highest reported Ta content to date (78%). Highly hydrophilic NCs were left bare and were evaluated in vivo in mice for micro-CT of full body vasculature, where following intravenous injection, TaOx NCs demonstrate high vascular CT contrast, circulation in blood for ∼3 h, and eventual accumulation in RES organs; and following injection locally in the mammary gland, where the full ductal tree structure can be clearly delineated. Partially hydrophilic NCs were encapsulated within mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs; TaOx@MSNPs) and hydrophobic NCs were encapsulated within poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA; TaOx@PLGA) NPs, serving as potential CT-imagable drug delivery vehicles. Bolus intramuscular injections of TaOx@PLGA NPs and TaOx@MSNPs to mimic the accumulation of NPs at a tumor site produce high signal enhancement in mice. In vitro studies on bare NCs and formulated NPs demonstrate high cytocompatibility and low dissolution of TaOx. This work solidifies that TaOx-based NPs are versatile contrast agents for CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatadru Chakravarty
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
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10
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Jayapaul J, Schröder L. Nanoparticle-Based Contrast Agents for 129Xe HyperCEST NMR and MRI Applications. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:9498173. [PMID: 31819739 PMCID: PMC6893250 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9498173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spin hyperpolarization techniques have enabled important advancements in preclinical and clinical MRI applications to overcome the intrinsic low sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance. Functionalized xenon biosensors represent one of these approaches. They combine two amplification strategies, namely, spin exchange optical pumping (SEOP) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). The latter one requires host structures that reversibly bind the hyperpolarized noble gas. Different nanoparticle approaches have been implemented and have enabled molecular MRI with 129Xe at unprecedented sensitivity. This review gives an overview of the Xe biosensor concept, particularly how different nanoparticles address various critical aspects of gas binding and exchange, spectral dispersion for multiplexing, and targeted reporter delivery. As this concept is emerging into preclinical applications, comprehensive sensor design will be indispensable in translating the outstanding sensitivity potential into biomedical molecular imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabadurai Jayapaul
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
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Harris M, Biju S, Parac‐Vogt TN. High‐Field MRI Contrast Agents and their Synergy with Optical Imaging: the Evolution from Single Molecule Probes towards Nano‐architectures. Chemistry 2019; 25:13838-13847. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Harris
- Department of ChemistryKU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Heverlee 3001 Belgium
| | - Silvanose Biju
- Department of ChemistryGovt. Arts College Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695014 India
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12
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Briganti M, Garcia GF, Jung J, Sessoli R, Le Guennic B, Totti F. Covalency and magnetic anisotropy in lanthanide single molecule magnets: the DyDOTA archetype. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7233-7245. [PMID: 31588292 PMCID: PMC6685353 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01743g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lanthanide ions when complexed by polyamino-polycarboxylate chelators form a class of compounds of paramount importance in several research and technological areas, particularly in the fields of magnetic resonance and molecular magnetism. Indeed, the gadolinium derivative is one of the most employed contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging while the dysprosium one belongs to a new generation of contrast agents for T2-weighted MRI. In molecular magnetism, Single Molecule Magnets (SMMs) containing lanthanide ions have become readily popular in the chemistry and physics communities since record energy barriers to the reversal of magnetization were reported. The success of lanthanide complexes lies in their large anisotropy due to the contribution of the unquenched orbital angular momentum. However, only a few efforts have been made so far to understand how the f-orbitals can be influenced by the surrounding ligands. The outcomes have been rationalized using mere electrostatic perturbation models. In the archetype compound [Na{Dy(DOTA) (H2O)}]·4H2O (Na{DyDOTA}·4H2O) an unexpected easy axis of magnetization perpendicular to the pseudo-tetragonal axis of the molecule was found. Interestingly, a dependency of the orientation of the principal magnetization axis on the simple rotation of the coordinating apical water molecule (AWM) - highly relevant for MRI contrast - around the Dy-OAWM bond was predicted by ab initio calculations, too. However, such a behaviour has been contested in a subsequent paper justifying their conclusions on pure electrostatic assumptions. In this paper, we want to shed some light on the nature of the subtle effects induced by the water molecule on the magnetic properties of the DyDOTA archetype complex. Therefore, we have critically reviewed the structural models already published in the literature along with new ones, showing how the easy axis orientation can dangerously depend on the chosen model. The different computed behaviors of the orientation of the easy axis of magnetization have been rationalized as a function of the energy gap between the ground and the first excited doublet. Magneto-structural correlations together with a mapping of the electrostatic potential generated by the ligands around the Dy(iii) ion through a multipolar expansion have also been used to evidence and quantify the covalent contribution of the AWM orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Briganti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U. Schiff" and UdR INSTM , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy .
- Universidade Federal Fluminense , Instituto de Física , Niterói , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Guglielmo Fernandez Garcia
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U. Schiff" and UdR INSTM , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy .
- Univ Rennes , CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France .
| | - Julie Jung
- Univ Rennes , CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France .
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U. Schiff" and UdR INSTM , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy .
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes , CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France .
| | - Federico Totti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U. Schiff" and UdR INSTM , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy .
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Pellico J, Ellis CM, Davis JJ. Nanoparticle-Based Paramagnetic Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:1845637. [PMID: 31191182 PMCID: PMC6525923 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1845637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging modality that is routinely used in clinics, providing anatomical information with micron resolution, soft tissue contrast, and deep penetration. Exogenous contrast agents increase image contrast by shortening longitudinal (T 1) and transversal (T 2) relaxation times. Most of the T 1 agents used in clinical MRI are based on paramagnetic lanthanide complexes (largely Gd-based). In moving to translatable formats of reduced toxicity, greater chemical stability, longer circulation times, higher contrast, more controlled functionalisation and additional imaging modalities, considerable effort has been applied to the development of nanoparticles bearing paramagnetic ions. This review summarises the most relevant examples in the synthesis and biomedical applications of paramagnetic nanoparticles as contrast agents for MRI and multimodal imaging. It includes the most recent developments in the field of production of agents with high relaxivities, which are key for effective contrast enhancement, exemplified through clinically relevant examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pellico
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Connor M. Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
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Cui L, Wang C, Zhang H, Ma Y, Deng G, Zhou Z, Lin J, Yang H, Yang S. Facile one-step dialysis strategy for fabrication of hollow complex nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9120-9123. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04618f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile one-step dialysis method was developed for preparing hollow complex nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cui
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- China
| | - Yunsheng Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials
- Changshu Institute of Technology
- Changshu
- China
| | - Guang Deng
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- China
| | - Jiaomin Lin
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- China
| | - Hong Yang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- China
| | - Shiping Yang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- China
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Pellico J, Ellis CM, Miller J, Davis JJ. Water gated contrast switching with polymer–silica hybrid nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8540-8543. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03312b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The polymeric capping of a paramagnetically doped MSN enables the generation of high T1 MRI contrast which is highly pH responsive through a fully reversible change in polymer conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pellico
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | | | - Jack Miller
- Department of Physiology
- Anatomy & Genetics
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
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