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Rodriguez-Perez LM, Ojeda-Pérez B, López-de-San-Sebastián J, García-Bonilla M, González-García M, Fernández-Muñoz B, Sánchez-Pernaute R, García-Martín ML, Domínguez-Pinos D, Cárdenas-García C, Jiménez AJ, Paez-Gonzalez P. Design of a Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Ependymal Repair in Hydrocephalus Associated With Germinal Matrix Hemorrhages. Stroke 2024; 55:1062-1074. [PMID: 38436063 PMCID: PMC10962438 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In preterm birth germinal matrix hemorrhages (GMHs) and the consequent posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), the neuroepithelium/ependyma development is disrupted. This work is aimed to explore the possibilities of ependymal repair in GMH/PHH using a combination of neural stem cells, ependymal progenitors (EpPs), and mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS GMH/PHH was induced in 4-day-old mice using collagenase, blood, or blood serum injections. PHH severity was characterized 2 weeks later using magnetic resonance, immunofluorescence, and protein expression quantification with mass spectrometry. Ependymal restoration and wall regeneration after stem cell treatments were tested in vivo and in an ex vivo experimental approach using ventricular walls from mice developing moderate and severe GMH/PHH. The effect of the GMH environment on EpP differentiation was tested in vitro. Two-tailed Student t or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test was used to find differences between the treated and nontreated groups. ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare >2 groups with post hoc Tukey and Dunn multiple comparison tests, respectively. RESULTS PHH severity was correlated with the extension of GMH and ependymal disruption (means, 88.22% severe versus 19.4% moderate). GMH/PHH hindered the survival rates of the transplanted neural stem cells/EpPs. New multiciliated ependymal cells could be generated from transplanted neural stem cells and more efficiently from EpPs (15% mean increase). Blood and TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha) negatively affected ciliogenesis in cells committed to ependyma differentiation (expressing Foxj1 [forkhead box J1] transcription factor). Pretreatment with mesenchymal stem cells improved the survival rates of EpPs and ependymal differentiation while reducing the edematous (means, 18% to 0.5% decrease in severe edema) and inflammatory conditions in the explants. The effectiveness of this therapeutical strategy was corroborated in vivo (means, 29% to 0% in severe edema). CONCLUSIONS In GMH/PHH, the ependyma can be restored and edema decreased from either neural stem cell or EpP transplantation in vitro and in vivo. Mesenchymal stem cell pretreatment improved the success of the ependymal restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Rodriguez-Perez
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Histología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Física y Deportiva, University of Malaga, Spain. (L.M.R.-P.)
| | - Betsaida Ojeda-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, University of Malaga, Spain. (B.O.-P., J.L.-d.-S.-S., M.G.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Spain (B.O.-P., M.L.G.-M., D.D.-P., A.J.J., P.P.-G.)
| | - Javier López-de-San-Sebastián
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, University of Malaga, Spain. (B.O.-P., J.L.-d.-S.-S., M.G.-G.)
| | - María García-Bonilla
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, MO (M.G.-B.)
| | - Marcos González-García
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, University of Malaga, Spain. (B.O.-P., J.L.-d.-S.-S., M.G.-G.)
| | - Beatriz Fernández-Muñoz
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular, Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias Avanzadas, Sevilla, Spain (B.F.-M.)
| | - Rosario Sánchez-Pernaute
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain (R.S.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biobizkai, Barakaldo, Spain (R.S.-P.)
| | - María L García-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Spain (B.O.-P., M.L.G.-M., D.D.-P., A.J.J., P.P.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina, Spain (M.L.G.-M.)
| | - Dolores Domínguez-Pinos
- Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Oftalmología y Otorrinolaringología, University of Malaga, Spain. (D.D.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Spain (B.O.-P., M.L.G.-M., D.D.-P., A.J.J., P.P.-G.)
| | | | - Antonio J Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Spain (B.O.-P., M.L.G.-M., D.D.-P., A.J.J., P.P.-G.)
| | - Patricia Paez-Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Spain (B.O.-P., M.L.G.-M., D.D.-P., A.J.J., P.P.-G.)
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Brokate-Llanos AM, Sanchez-Ibañez M, Pérez-Jiménez MM, Monje-Moreno JM, Gómez-Marín C, Caro C, Vivar-Rios C, Moreno-Mateo MA, García-Martín ML, Muñoz MJ, Royo JL. Ribonucleotide reductase inhibition improves the symptoms of a Caenorhabditis elegans model of Alzheimer's Disease. G3 (Bethesda) 2024:jkae040. [PMID: 38412549 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the main cause of aging-associated dementia, for which there is no effective treatment. In this work, we reanalyze the information of a previous Genome Wide Association Study, using a new pipeline design to identify novel potential drugs. With this approach, ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase gene (RRM2B) emerged as a candidate target and its inhibitor, 2', 2'-difluoro 2'deoxycytidine (Gemcitabine), as a potential pharmaceutical drug against Alzheimer's disease. We functionally verified the effect of inhibiting the RRM2B homologue, rnr-2, in an Alzheimer's model of Caenorhabditis elegans, which accumulates human Aβ1-42 peptide to an irreversible paralysis. RNA interference against rnr-2 and also treatment with 200 ng/ml of Gemcitabine, showed animprovement of the phenotype. Gemcitabine treatment increased the intracellular ATP level 3.03 times, which may point to its mechanism of action. Gemcitabine has been extensively used in humans for cancer treatment but at higher concentration. The 200 ng/ml concentration did not exert a significant effect over cell cycle, or affected cell viability when assayed in microglia N13 cell line. Thus, inhibitory drug of the RRM2B activity could be of potential use to treat Alzheimer's disease and particularly Gemcitabine might be considered as a promising candidate to be repurposed for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Brokate-Llanos
- Centro Andaluz de Biologia del Desarrollo. University Pablo de Olavide-CISC-Junta de Andalucía. Ctra Utrera Km 1. 41013 Sevilla. Spain
| | - Mireya Sanchez-Ibañez
- Department of Surgery, Immunology and Biochemistry. School of Medicine, University of Malaga. Boulevar Louis Pasteur s/n. 29010 Málaga. Spain
| | - Mercedes M Pérez-Jiménez
- Centro Andaluz de Biologia del Desarrollo. University Pablo de Olavide-CISC-Junta de Andalucía. Ctra Utrera Km 1. 41013 Sevilla. Spain
| | - José M Monje-Moreno
- Centro Andaluz de Biologia del Desarrollo. University Pablo de Olavide-CISC-Junta de Andalucía. Ctra Utrera Km 1. 41013 Sevilla. Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Marín
- Centro Andaluz de Biologia del Desarrollo. University Pablo de Olavide-CISC-Junta de Andalucía. Ctra Utrera Km 1. 41013 Sevilla. Spain
| | - Carlos Caro
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Carlos Vivar-Rios
- Department of Surgery, Immunology and Biochemistry. School of Medicine, University of Malaga. Boulevar Louis Pasteur s/n. 29010 Málaga. Spain
| | - Miguel A Moreno-Mateo
- Centro Andaluz de Biologia del Desarrollo. University Pablo de Olavide-CISC-Junta de Andalucía. Ctra Utrera Km 1. 41013 Sevilla. Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel J Muñoz
- Centro Andaluz de Biologia del Desarrollo. University Pablo de Olavide-CISC-Junta de Andalucía. Ctra Utrera Km 1. 41013 Sevilla. Spain
| | - José L Royo
- Department of Surgery, Immunology and Biochemistry. School of Medicine, University of Malaga. Boulevar Louis Pasteur s/n. 29010 Málaga. Spain
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Fernandez-Rodriguez MA, Orozco-Barrera S, Sun W, Gámez F, Caro C, García-Martín ML, Rica RA. Hot Brownian Motion of Thermoresponsive Microgels in Optical Tweezers Shows Discontinuous Volume Phase Transition and Bistability. Small 2023; 19:e2301653. [PMID: 37158287 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Microgels are soft microparticles that often exhibit thermoresponsiveness and feature a transformation at a critical temperature, referred to as the volume phase transition temperature. Whether this transformation occurs as a smooth or as a discontinuous one is still a matter of debate. This question can be addressed by studying individual microgels trapped in optical tweezers. For this aim, composite particles are obtained by decorating Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAM) microgels with iron oxide nanocubes. These composites become self-heating when illuminated by the infrared trapping laser, performing hot Brownian motion within the trap. Above a certain laser power, a single decorated microgel features a volume phase transition that is discontinuous, while the usual continuous sigmoidal-like dependence is recovered after averaging over different microgels. The collective sigmoidal behavior enables the application of a power-to-temperature calibration and provides the effective drag coefficient of the self-heating microgels, thus establishing these composite particles as potential micro-thermometers and micro-heaters. Moreover, the self-heating microgels also exhibit an unexpected and intriguing bistability behavior above the critical temperature, probably due to partial collapses of the microgel. These results set the stage for further studies and the development of applications based on the hot Brownian motion of soft particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Fernandez-Rodriguez
- Universidad de Granada, Nanoparticles Trapping Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Laboratory of Surface and Interface Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio Orozco-Barrera
- Universidad de Granada, Nanoparticles Trapping Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Wei Sun
- Universidad de Granada, Nanoparticles Trapping Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physics, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Francisco Gámez
- Universidad de Granada, Nanoparticles Trapping Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Caro
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Bioméadica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/ Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Alberto Rica
- Universidad de Granada, Nanoparticles Trapping Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Carrillo P, Bernal M, Téllez-Quijorna C, Marrero AD, Vidal I, Castilla L, Caro C, Domínguez A, García-Martín ML, Quesada AR, Medina MA, Martínez-Poveda B. The synthetic molecule stauprimide impairs cell growth and migration in triple-negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114070. [PMID: 36526536 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stauprimide, a semi-synthetic derivative of staurosporine, is known mainly for its potent differentiation-enhancing properties in embryonic stem cells. Here, we studied the effects of stauprimide in cell growth and migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro, evaluating its potential antitumoral activity in an orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer in vivo. Our results from survival curves, EdU incorporation, cell cycle analysis and annexin-V detection in MDA-MB-231 cells indicated that stauprimide inhibited cell proliferation, arresting cell cycle in G2/M without induction of apoptosis. A decrease in the migratory capability of MDA-MB-231 was also assessed in response to stauprimide. In this work we pointed to a mechanism of action of stauprimide involving the modulation of ERK1/2, Akt and p38 MAPK signalling pathways, and the downregulation of MYC in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, orthotopic MDA-MB-231 xenograft and 4T1 syngeneic models suggested an effect of stauprimide in vivo, increasing the necrotic core of tumors and reducing metastasis in lung and liver of mice. Together, our results point to the promising role of stauprimide as a putative therapeutic agent in triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Carrillo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Bernal
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - C Téllez-Quijorna
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - A D Marrero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - I Vidal
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - L Castilla
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - C Caro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - A Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - M L García-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - A R Quesada
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Spain
| | - M A Medina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Spain
| | - B Martínez-Poveda
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid), Spain.
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Gómez-González E, Caro C, García-Martín ML, Becerro AI, Ocaña M. Outstanding MRI contrast with dysprosium phosphate nanoparticles of tuneable size. Nanoscale 2022; 14:11461-11470. [PMID: 35904370 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02630a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of high-field magnets for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is expected to experience the fastest growth rate during the present decade. Although several CAs for MRI scanners using high magnetic fields have been reported, they are mostly based on fluoride matrices, which are known for their low chemical stability in aqueous suspensions. Chemically stable MRI CAs for high-field magnets are therefore needed to enable the advances in MRI technique. Herein, we synthesized uniform DyPO4 nanoparticles (NPs) with tuneable sizes between 23 and 57 nm using homogeneous precipitation in butanol. The NPs were successfully functionalized with polyacrylic acid (PAA) and showed good colloidal stability in aqueous suspensions. Chemical stability was also assessed in PBS, showing negligible solubility. The effect of particle size on the transversal relaxivity value (r2) was further explored at 9.4 T, finding a clear increase in r2 with particle size. The r2 value found for the largest NPs was 516 mM-1 s-1, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest r2 value ever reported at 9.4 T for any Dy-based nanometric particles in the literature. Finally, the latter NPs were submitted to biosafety studies after polyethylene glycol (PEG) functionalization. Cell morphology, induction of necrotic/late apoptotic cells, and mitochondrial activity were thoroughly analyzed. The results clearly indicated negligible toxicity effects under the assayed conditions. Short- and long-term in vivo pharmacokinetics of the intravenously injected NPs were assessed by dynamic T2-weighted MRI and quantitative T2 mapping, revealing faster liver than spleen uptake, while no accumulation was observed in the kidneys. Finally, no histopathological changes were observed in any of the studied organs, including the liver, kidney, spleen, and lung, which provide further evidence of the biocompatibility of DyPO4 NPs and, therefore, their suitability as bioimaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Gómez-González
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS) CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Carlos Caro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga - Plataforma Bionand (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND) and CIBER-BBN, Málaga 29590, Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga - Plataforma Bionand (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND) and CIBER-BBN, Málaga 29590, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Becerro
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS) CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Manuel Ocaña
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS) CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
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Christou E, Pearson JR, Beltrán AM, Fernández-Afonso Y, Gutiérrez L, de la Fuente JM, Gámez F, García-Martín ML, Caro C. Iron–Gold Nanoflowers: A Promising Tool for Multimodal Imaging and Hyperthermia Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030636. [PMID: 35336012 PMCID: PMC8955043 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of nanoplatforms prepared to perform both multimodal imaging and combined therapies in a single entity is a fast-growing field. These systems are able to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapy success. Multicomponent Nanoparticles (MCNPs), composed of iron oxide and gold, offer new opportunities for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) diagnosis, as well as combined therapies based on Magnetic Hyperthermia (MH) and Photothermal Therapy (PT). In this work, we describe a new seed-assisted method for the synthesis of Au@Fe Nanoparticles (NPs) with a flower-like structure. For biomedical purposes, Au@Fe NPs were functionalized with a PEGylated ligand, leading to high colloidal stability. Moreover, the as-obtained Au@Fe-PEG NPs exhibited excellent features as both MRI and CT Contrast Agents (CAs), with high r2 relaxivity (60.5 mM−1⋅s−1) and X-ray attenuation properties (8.8 HU mM−1⋅HU). In addition, these nanoflowers presented considerable energy-to-heat conversion under both Alternating Magnetic Fields (AMFs) (∆T ≈ 2.5 °C) and Near-Infrared (NIR) light (∆T ≈ 17 °C). Finally, Au@Fe-PEG NPs exhibited very low cytotoxicity, confirming their potential for theranostics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Christou
- BIONAND—Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (E.C.); (J.R.P.)
| | - John R. Pearson
- BIONAND—Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (E.C.); (J.R.P.)
| | - Ana M. Beltrán
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, Virgen de Á frica 7, 41011 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Yilian Fernández-Afonso
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (Y.F.-A.); (L.G.); (J.M.d.l.F.)
| | - Lucía Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (Y.F.-A.); (L.G.); (J.M.d.l.F.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M. de la Fuente
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (Y.F.-A.); (L.G.); (J.M.d.l.F.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Gámez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María L. García-Martín
- BIONAND—Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (E.C.); (J.R.P.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.L.G.-M.); (C.C.)
| | - Carlos Caro
- BIONAND—Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (E.C.); (J.R.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.G.-M.); (C.C.)
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Caro C, Avasthi A, Paez-Muñoz JM, Pernia Leal M, García-Martín ML. Passive targeting of high-grade gliomas via the EPR effect: a closed path for metallic nanoparticles? Biomater Sci 2021; 9:7984-7995. [PMID: 34710207 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01398j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Passive tumor targeting via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect has long been considered the most effective mechanism for the accumulation of nanoparticles inside solid tumors. However, several studies have demonstrated that the EPR effect is largely dependent on the tumor type and location. Particularly complex is the situation in brain tumors, where the presence of the blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB) adds an extra limiting factor in reaching the tumor interstitium. However, it remains unclear whether these restraints imposed by the BBTB prevent the EPR effect from acting as an efficient tumor targeting mechanism for metallic nanoparticles. In this work, we have studied the EPR effect of metallic magnetic nanoparticles (MMNPs) in a glioblastoma (GBM) model by parametric MRI. Our results showed that only MMNPs ≤50 nm could reach the tumor interstitium, whereas larger MMNPs were unable to cross the BBTB. Furthermore, even for MMNPs around 30-50 nm, the amount of them found within the tumor was scarce and restricted to the vicinity of large tumor vessels, indicating that the BBTB strongly limits the passive accumulation of metallic nanoparticles in brain tumors. Therefore, active targeting becomes the most reasonable strategy to target metallic nanoparticles to GBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Caro
- BIONAND - Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Ashish Avasthi
- BIONAND - Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Jose M Paez-Muñoz
- BIONAND - Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Manuel Pernia Leal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- BIONAND - Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
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8
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Gómez-González E, Caro C, Martínez-Gutiérrez D, García-Martín ML, Ocaña M, Becerro AI. Holmium phosphate nanoparticles as negative contrast agents for high-field magnetic resonance imaging: Synthesis, magnetic relaxivity study and in vivo evaluation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 587:131-140. [PMID: 33360885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The increasing use of high magnetic fields in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners demands new contrast agents, since those used in low field instruments are not effective at high fields. In this paper, we report the synthesis of a negative MRI contrast agent consisting of HoPO4 nanoparticles (NPs). Three different sizes (27 nm, 48 nm and 80 nm) of cube-shaped NPs were obtained by homogeneous precipitation in polyol medium and then coated with poly(acrylic) acid (PAA) to obtain stable colloidal suspensions of HoPO4@PAA NPs in physiological medium (PBS). The transverse relaxivity (r2) of aqueous suspensions of the resulting NPs was evaluated at both 1.44 T and 9.4 T. A positive correlation between r2 values and field strength as well as between r2 values and particle size at both magnetic field strengths was found although this correlation failed for the biggest NPs at 9.4 T, likely due to certain particles aggregation inside the magnet. The highest r2 value (489.91 mM-1s-1) was found for the 48 nm NPs at 9.4 T. Toxicity studies demonstrated that the latter NPs exhibited low toxicity to living systems. Finally, in vivo studies demonstrated that HoPO4@PAA NPs could be a great platform for next-generation T2-weighted MRI contrast agents at high magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Gómez-González
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos Caro
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga) and CIBER-BBN, Málaga 29590, Spain
| | - Diego Martínez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga) and CIBER-BBN, Málaga 29590, Spain
| | - Manuel Ocaña
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Becerro
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
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9
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García-Bonilla M, Ojeda-Pérez B, García-Martín ML, Muñoz-Hernández MC, Vitorica J, Jiménez S, Cifuentes M, Santos-Ruíz L, Shumilov K, Claros S, Gutiérrez A, Páez-González P, Jiménez AJ. Neocortical tissue recovery in severe congenital obstructive hydrocephalus after intraventricular administration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:121. [PMID: 32183876 PMCID: PMC7079418 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01626-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In obstructive congenital hydrocephalus, cerebrospinal fluid accumulation is associated with high intracranial pressure and the presence of periventricular edema, ischemia/hypoxia, damage of the white matter, and glial reactions in the neocortex. The viability and short time effects of a therapy based on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) have been evaluated in such pathological conditions in the hyh mouse model. Methods BM-MSC obtained from mice expressing fluorescent mRFP1 protein were injected into the lateral ventricle of hydrocephalic hyh mice at the moment they present a very severe form of the disease. The effect of transplantation in the neocortex was compared with hydrocephalic hyh mice injected with the vehicle and non-hydrocephalic littermates. Neural cell populations and the possibility of transdifferentiation were analyzed. The possibility of a tissue recovering was investigated using 1H High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H HR-MAS NMR) spectroscopy, thus allowing the detection of metabolites/osmolytes related with hydrocephalus severity and outcome in the neocortex. An in vitro assay to simulate the periventricular astrocyte reaction conditions was performed using BM-MSC under high TNFα level condition. The secretome in the culture medium was analyzed in this assay. Results Four days after transplantation, BM-MSC were found undifferentiated and scattered into the astrocyte reaction present in the damaged neocortex white matter. Tissue rejection to the integrated BM-MSC was not detected 4 days after transplantation. Hyh mice transplanted with BM-MSC showed a reduction in the apoptosis in the periventricular neocortex walls, suggesting a neuroprotector effect of the BM-MSC in these conditions. A decrease in the levels of metabolites/osmolytes in the neocortex, such as taurine and neuroexcytotoxic glutamate, also indicated a tissue recovering. Under high TNFα level condition in vitro, BM-MSC showed an upregulation of cytokine and protein secretion that may explain homing, immunomodulation, and vascular permeability, and therefore the tissue recovering. Conclusions BM-MSC treatment in severe congenital hydrocephalus is viable and leads to the recovery of the severe neurodegenerative conditions in the neocortex. NMR spectroscopy allows to follow-up the effects of stem cell therapy in hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Bonilla
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Betsaida Ojeda-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine & Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), Malaga, Spain
| | - M Carmen Muñoz-Hernández
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine & Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), Malaga, Spain
| | - Javier Vitorica
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastián Jiménez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Cifuentes
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Leonor Santos-Ruíz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Kirill Shumilov
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Silvia Claros
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Páez-González
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain.
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10
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García-Bonilla M, García-Martín ML, Muñoz-Hernández MC, Domínguez-Pinos D, Martínez-León MI, Peñalver A, Castilla L, Alonso FJ, Márquez J, Shumilov K, Hidalgo-Sánchez R, Gutiérrez A, Páez-González P, Jiménez AJ. A Distinct Metabolite Profile Correlates with Neurodegenerative Conditions and the Severity of Congenital Hydrocephalus. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 77:1122-1136. [PMID: 30364991 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In congenital hydrocephalus, cerebrospinal fluid accumulation is associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP), ischemia/hypoxia, metabolic impairment, neuronal damage, and astrocytic reaction. The aim of this study was to identify whether a metabolite profile revealing tissue responses according to the severity of hydrocephalus can be detected. The hyh mutant mouse used for this study exhibits 2 different forms of hydrocephalus, severe and moderate. In a comprehensive investigation into the 2 progressions of hydrocephalus, mice with severe hydrocephalus were found to have higher ICP and astrocytic reaction. Several metabolites from the mouse brain cortex were analyzed with 1H high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (1H HR-MAS NMR) spectroscopy. A differential profile for metabolites including glutamate and glutamine was found to correlate with the severity of hydrocephalus and can be explained due to differential astrocytic reactions, neurodegenerative conditions, and the presence of ischemia. The glutamate transporter EAAT2 and the metabolite taurine were found to be key histopathological markers of affected parenchymata. In conclusion, a differential metabolite profile can be detected according to the severity of hydrocephalus and associated ICP and therefore can be used to monitor the efficacy of experimental therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Bonilla
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine & Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | | | - M Carmen Muñoz-Hernández
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine & Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga), Malaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Peñalver
- Canceromics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Laura Castilla
- Canceromics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Alonso
- Canceromics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Javier Márquez
- Canceromics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Kirill Shumilov
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Antonia Gutiérrez
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Páez-González
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Antonio J Jiménez
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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11
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Fuentes-Fayos AC, Gandía-González ML, Cano-Rojas A, Blanco CJ, Negro-Moral EM, Toledano Á, Ramos MJ, Cano-Sánchez A, Luque RM, Ortega-Salas RM, Roda JM, Cerdán S, García-Martín ML, Solivera J. P13.11 Metabolomics and molecular profiling in glioma patients: an interactomic approach. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
A wider view of the interaction between different omic-domains is needed to identify potential biomarkers of low- and high-grade gliomas. Using an interactomic approach, we analyzed the correlation between radiological data, IDH mutation, gene expression profiling and metabolic signature in glioma samples.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Tumor biopsies from 25 patients with clinical diagnosis of glioma were surgically collected during 2017–2019 at the senior author’s institution. Metabolomic data was obtained by high resolution 31P and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS, 19 metabolites quantified with LCModel). Gene expression profiling was performed using real-time qPCR of 19 genes related to energy metabolism. IDH1/2 common mutation (IDH1R132H/IDH2R172H) was verified by immunohistochemistry and amplicon sanger sequencing. All data was integrated using the R package mixOmics, and we built correlation network plot graphs and correlation maps to identify the most significant interactions, that were analyzed thereafter.
RESULTS
Mean age was 48±10 years and 72% were men. The most frequent clinical presentation was intracranial hypertension and focal deficit. Imaging revealed 88% of single lobar tumors, 96% of contrast enhancement, 52% located near eloquent areas, 48% with augmented perfusion (mean values of 300±130%) and 60% showed restricted diffusion. WHO 2016 diagnosis were glioblastoma IDH mutated (IDHmut, 16%), IDH wildtype (IDHw, 56%); anaplastic astrocytoma IDHmut (4%), IDHw (16%); diffuse astrocytoma IDHmut (4%), SEGA (4%). The genetic and metabolic profiles were normalized per sample using the total sum of all the studied variables per case. This step made the interactomic approach possible. We found no differences between the metabolic or genetic profiles of glioma grade III and IV samples. However, there was a statistical significance or near-threshold correlation between some metabolic patterns and IDH-mutation, where Alanine (4.7±1.3% IDHw vs 2.5±0.7 IDHmut, p=0.046), Glycine (2.7±0.5% vs. 1.6±0.4%, p=0.095), Glycerophosphorylcholine (3.9±0.4% vs. 6.4±0.9%, p=0.013) and Myo-inositol (4.9±1.0% vs 11.9±2.1%, p=0.004) were the most important biomarkers. Overexpression of Lactate Dehydrogenase subunit B (LDHB, 19±3% vs. 31±6%, p=0.039) and Aconitase 1 (ACO1, 0.5±0.1% vs 1.2±0.3%, p=0.08) had also a significant or near-threshold relationship with IDH-mutation. These correlations were shown as hot spots in the correlation graphs and maps.
CONCLUSION
These preliminary results indicate that metabolic patterns by high resolution 31P and 1H MRS could be a useful tool to improve our knowledge about glioma gene expression profiles and to identify potential biomarkers to tackle this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Fuentes-Fayos
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC / Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - A Cano-Rojas
- High-Performance Data Mining Lab, Department of Computer Science at the Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - C J Blanco
- Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - E M Negro-Moral
- Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Á Toledano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - M J Ramos
- Neuroradiology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - A Cano-Sánchez
- Neuroradiology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - R M Luque
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC / Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - R M Ortega-Salas
- Pathology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J M Roda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Cerdán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L García-Martín
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
| | - J Solivera
- Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC / Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
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12
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Yahyaoui R, Blasco-Alonso J, Benito C, Rodríguez-García E, Andrade F, Aldámiz-Echevarría L, Muñoz-Hernández MC, Vega AI, Pérez-Cerdá C, García-Martín ML, Pérez B. A new metabolic disorder in human cationic amino acid transporter-2 that mimics arginase 1 deficiency in newborn screening. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:407-413. [PMID: 30671984 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We report a patient with a human cationic amino acid transporter 2 (CAT-2) defect discovered due to a suspected arginase 1 deficiency observed in newborn screening (NBS). METHODS A NBS sample was analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry. Screen results were confirmed by plasma and urine amino acid quantification. Molecular diagnosis was done using clinical exome sequencing. Dimethylated arginines were determined by HPLC and nitrate/nitrite levels by a colorimetric assay. The metabolomic profile was analyzed using 1D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS A Spanish boy of nonconsanguineous parents had high arginine levels in a NBS blood sample. Plasma and urinary cationic amino acids were high. Arginase enzyme activity in erythrocytes was normal and no pathogenic mutations were identified in the ARG1 gene. Massive parallel sequencing detected two loss-of-function mutations in the SLC7A2 gene. Currently, the child receives a protein-controlled diet of 1.2 g/kg/day with protein-and amino-acid free infant formula, 30 g/day, and is asymptomatic. CONCLUSION We identified a novel defect in human CAT-2 due to biallelic pathogenic variants in the SLC7A2 gene. The characteristic biochemical profile includes high plasma and urine arginine, ornithine, and lysine levels. NBS centers should know of this disorder since it can be detected in arginase 1 deficiency screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Yahyaoui
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Newborn Screening Center of Eastern Andalusia, Málaga Regional University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Grupo Endocrinología y Nutrición, Diabetes y Obesidad, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA
| | | | - Carmen Benito
- Department of Genetics, Málaga Regional University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Enrique Rodríguez-García
- Grupo Endocrinología y Nutrición, Diabetes y Obesidad, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA
- Laboratorios Vircell, SL, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Andrade
- Metabolomics Platform, Metabolism Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, CIBERER, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Luis Aldámiz-Echevarría
- Metabolomics Platform, Metabolism Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, CIBERER, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - María C Muñoz-Hernández
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana I Vega
- Centro Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), Centro de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CIBERER, idiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Pérez-Cerdá
- Centro Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), Centro de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CIBERER, idiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Belén Pérez
- Centro Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), Centro de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CIBERER, idiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Miranda J, Simões RV, Paules C, Cañueto D, Pardo-Cea MA, García-Martín ML, Crovetto F, Fuertes-Martin R, Domenech M, Gómez-Roig MD, Eixarch E, Estruch R, Hansson SR, Amigó N, Cañellas N, Crispi F, Gratacós E. Metabolic profiling and targeted lipidomics reveals a disturbed lipid profile in mothers and fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13614. [PMID: 30206284 PMCID: PMC6134091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth may be impaired by poor placental function or maternal conditions, each of which can influence the transfer of nutrients and oxygen from the mother to the developing fetus. Large-scale studies of metabolites (metabolomics) are key to understand cellular metabolism and pathophysiology of human conditions. Herein, maternal and cord blood plasma samples were used for NMR-based metabolic fingerprinting and profiling, including analysis of the enrichment of circulating lipid classes and subclasses, as well as the number of sub-fraction particles and their size. Changes in phosphatidylcholines and glycoproteins were prominent in growth-restricted fetuses indicating significant alterations in their abundance and biophysical properties. Lipoprotein profiles showed significantly lower plasma concentrations of cholesterol-intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), triglycerides-IDL and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in mothers of growth-restricted fetuses compared to controls (p < 0.05). In contrast, growth-restricted fetuses had significantly higher plasma concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides transporting lipoproteins [LDL, IDL, and VLDL, (p < 0.005; all)], as well as increased VLDL particle types (large, medium and small). Significant changes in plasma concentrations of formate, histidine, isoleucine and citrate in growth-restricted fetuses were also observed. Comprehensive metabolic profiling reveals that both, mother and fetuses of pregnancies complicated with fetal growth restriction have a substantial disruption in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jezid Miranda
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui V Simões
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Paules
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Cañueto
- Metabolomics Platform, IISPV, DEEiA, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - María L García-Martín
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francesca Crovetto
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocio Fuertes-Martin
- Metabolomics Platform, IISPV, DEEiA, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Spain
| | - Monica Domenech
- Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María D Gómez-Roig
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefan R Hansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Nicolau Cañellas
- Metabolomics Platform, IISPV, DEEiA, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fatima Crispi
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Materia ME, Pernia Leal M, Scotto M, Balakrishnan PB, Kumar Avugadda S, García-Martín ML, Cohen BE, Chan EM, Pellegrino T. Multifunctional Magnetic and Upconverting Nanobeads as Dual Modal Imaging Tools. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2707-2714. [PMID: 28945361 PMCID: PMC6091499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We
report the fabrication of aqueous multimodal imaging nanocomposites
based on superparamagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and two different
sizes of photoluminescent upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs). The
controlled and simultaneous incorporation of both types of nanoparticles
(NPs) was obtained by controlling the solvent composition and the
addition rate of the destabilizing solvent. The magnetic properties
of the MNPs remained unaltered after their encapsulation into the
polymeric beads as shown by the T2 relaxivity measurements. The UCNPs
maintain photoluminescent properties even when embedded with the MNPs
into the polymer bead. Moreover, the light emitted by the magnetic
and upconverting nanobeads (MUCNBs) under NIR excitation (λexc = 980 nm) was clearly observed through different thicknesses
of agarose gel or through a mouse skin layer. The comparison with
magnetic and luminescent nanobeads based on red-emitting quantum dots
(QDs) demonstrated that while the QD-based beads show significant
autofluorescence background from the skin, the signal obtained by
the MUCNBs allows a decrease in this background. In summary, these
results indicate that MUCNBs are good magnetic and optical probes
for in vivo multimodal imaging sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Pernia Leal
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.,BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga) , 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Marco Scotto
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - María L García-Martín
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Málaga) , 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Bruce E Cohen
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Emory M Chan
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Teresa Pellegrino
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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15
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Juaristi I, García-Martín ML, Rodrigues TB, Satrústegui J, Llorente-Folch I, Pardo B. ARALAR/AGC1 deficiency, a neurodevelopmental disorder with severe impairment of neuronal mitochondrial respiration, does not produce a primary increase in brain lactate. J Neurochem 2017; 142:132-139. [PMID: 28429368 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
ARALAR/AGC1 (aspartate-glutamate mitochondrial carrier 1) is an important component of the NADH malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS). AGC1-deficiency is a rare disease causing global cerebral hypomyelination, developmental arrest, hypotonia, and epilepsy (OMIM ID #612949); the aralar-KO mouse recapitulates the major findings in humans. This study was aimed at understanding the impact of ARALAR-deficiency in brain lactate levels as a biomarker. We report that lactate was equally abundant in wild-type and aralar-KO mouse brain in vivo at postnatal day 17. We find that lactate production upon mitochondrial blockade depends on up-regulation of lactate formation in astrocytes rather than in neurons. However, ARALAR-deficiency decreased cell respiration in neurons, not astrocytes, which maintained unchanged respiration and lactate production. As the primary site of ARALAR-deficiency is neuronal, this explains the lack of accumulation of brain lactate in ARALAR-deficiency in humans and mice. On the other hand, we find that the cytosolic and mitochondrial components of the glycerol phosphate shuttle are present in astrocytes with similar activities. This suggests that glycerol phosphate shuttle is the main NADH shuttle in astrocytes and explains the absence of effects of ARALAR-deficiency in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Juaristi
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Molecular Imaging, BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Málaga), Malaga, Spain
| | - Tiago B Rodrigues
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jorgina Satrústegui
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Llorente-Folch
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pardo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Cañas RA, Canales J, Muñoz-Hernández C, Granados JM, Ávila C, García-Martín ML, Cánovas FM. Understanding developmental and adaptive cues in pine through metabolite profiling and co-expression network analysis. J Exp Bot 2015; 66:3113-27. [PMID: 25873654 PMCID: PMC4449534 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Conifers include long-lived evergreen trees of great economic and ecological importance, including pines and spruces. During their long lives conifers must respond to seasonal environmental changes, adapt to unpredictable environmental stresses, and co-ordinate their adaptive adjustments with internal developmental programmes. To gain insights into these responses, we examined metabolite and transcriptomic profiles of needles from naturally growing 25-year-old maritime pine (Pinus pinaster L. Aiton) trees over a year. The effect of environmental parameters such as temperature and rain on needle development were studied. Our results show that seasonal changes in the metabolite profiles were mainly affected by the needles' age and acclimation for winter, but changes in transcript profiles were mainly dependent on climatic factors. The relative abundance of most transcripts correlated well with temperature, particularly for genes involved in photosynthesis or winter acclimation. Gene network analysis revealed relationships between 14 co-expressed gene modules and development and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Novel Myb transcription factors were identified as candidate regulators during needle development. Our systems-based analysis provides integrated data of the seasonal regulation of maritime pine growth, opening new perspectives for understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms underlying conifers' adaptive responses. Taken together, our results suggest that the environment regulates the transcriptome for fine tuning of the metabolome during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A Cañas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Javier Canales
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Hernández
- Unidad de Nanoimagen, Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (BIONAND), Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, C/ Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Campanillas (Málaga), Spain
| | - Jose M Granados
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Concepción Ávila
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - María L García-Martín
- Unidad de Nanoimagen, Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (BIONAND), Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, C/ Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Campanillas (Málaga), Spain
| | - Francisco M Cánovas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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17
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De Matteis L, Fernández-Pacheco R, Custardoy L, García-Martín ML, de la Fuente JM, Marquina C, Ibarra MR. Influence of a silica interlayer on the structural and magnetic properties of sol-gel TiO₂-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Langmuir 2014; 30:5238-5247. [PMID: 24694292 DOI: 10.1021/la500423e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with titanium dioxide have been synthesized, growing the titanium dioxide directly either on the magnetic nuclei or on magnetic nanoparticles previously coated with a semihydrophobic silica layer. Both coatings have been obtained by sol-gel. Since it is well-known that the existence of the intermediate silica layer influences the physicochemical properties of the material, a detailed characterization of both types of coatings has been carried out. The morphology, structure, and composition of the synthesized nanomatrices have been locally analyzed with subangstrom spatial resolution, by means of aberration corrected transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM and STEM-HAADF). Besides magnetization measurements, proton relaxivity experiments have been also performed on water suspensions of the as-synthesized nanoparticles to investigate the role of the silica interlayer in the relaxometric properties. The silica interlayer leads to nanoparticles with much higher water stability and to higher relaxivity of the suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De Matteis
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza , Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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18
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Martinez GV, Zhang X, García-Martín ML, Morse DL, Woods M, Sherry AD, Gillies RJ. Imaging the extracellular pH of tumors by MRI after injection of a single cocktail of T1 and T2 contrast agents. NMR Biomed 2011; 24:1380-91. [PMID: 21604311 PMCID: PMC3693774 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular pH (pH(e) ) of solid tumors is acidic, and there is evidence that an acidic pH(e) is related to invasiveness. Herein, we describe an MRI single-infusion method to measure pH(e) in gliomas using a cocktail of contrast agents (CAs). The cocktail contained gadolinium-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraaminophosphonate (GdDOTA-4AmP) and dysprosium-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetrakis(methylenephosphonic acid) (DyDOTP), whose effects on relaxation are sensitive and insensitive to pH, respectively. The Gd-CA dominated the spin-lattice relaxivity ΔR(1) , whereas the Dy-CA dominated the spin-spin relaxivity ΔR(2)*. The ΔR(2)* effects were used to determine the pixel-wise concentration of [Dy] which, in turn, was used to calculate a value for [Gd] concentration. This value was used to convert ΔR(1) values to the molar relaxivity Δr(1) and, hence, pH(e) maps. The development of the method involved in vivo calibration and measurements in a rat brain glioma model. The calibration phase consisted of determining a quantitative relationship between ΔR(1) and ΔR(2)* induced by the two pH-independent CAs, gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (GdDTPA) and DyDOTP, using echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) and T(1) -weighted images. The intensities and linewidths of the water peaks in EPSI images were affected by CA and were used to follow the pharmacokinetics. These data showed a linear relationship between inner- and outer-sphere relaxation rate constants that were used for CA concentration determination. Nonlinearity in the slope of the relationship was observed and ascribed to variations in vascular permeability. In the pH(e) measurement phase, GdDOTA-4AmP was infused instead of GdDTPA, and relaxivities were obtained through the combination of interleaved T(1) -weighted images (R(1) ) and EPSI for ΔR(2)*. The resulting r(1) values yielded pH(e) maps with high spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary V Martinez
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
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19
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García-Martín ML, Adrados M, Ortega MP, Fernández González I, López-Larrubia P, Viaño J, García-Segura JM. Quantitative (1) H MR spectroscopic imaging of the prostate gland using LCModel and a dedicated basis-set: correlation with histologic findings. Magn Reson Med 2010; 65:329-39. [PMID: 20939087 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ((1) H-MRSI) has been advocated as a valuable tool for prostate cancer diagnosis. However, a barrier to widespread clinical use of this technique is the lack of robust quantification methods that yield reproducible results in an institution-independent manner. The main goal of this study was to develop a standardized and fully automated approach (LCModel-based) for quantitative prostate (1) H-MRSI. To this end, a dedicated basis set was constructed by the combination of simulated (citrate, Cit; choline, Cho, and creatine, CR) and experimentally acquired (spermine, Spm) spectra. The overlapping Spm, Cho, and Cr could be resolved and quantified individually, thus allowing for the independent assessment of glandular (Cit and Spm) and proliferative (Cho) components. Several metabolite ratios were calculated and compared to the histologic findings of prostatectomy specimens from 10 prostate cancer patients with Gleason scores (3 + 3) and (3 + 4). The Cho mole fraction and the Cho/(Cit + Spm) ratio were found to best discriminate between prostate cancer and healthy tissue. The comparison between the quantitative MRSI results and the histologic findings suggests that no correlation exists between the detected metabolic alterations and the Gleason score of low-grade tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L García-Martín
- Resonancia Magnética, Fundación María Rafols/Hospital Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Righi V, Roda JM, Paz J, Mucci A, Tugnoli V, Rodriguez-Tarduchy G, Barrios L, Schenetti L, Cerdán S, García-Martín ML. 1H HR-MAS and genomic analysis of human tumor biopsies discriminate between high and low grade astrocytomas. NMR Biomed 2009; 22:629-637. [PMID: 19322812 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the profile of choline metabolites and the expression of the genes of the Kennedy pathway in biopsies of human gliomas (n = 23) using (1)H High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS, 11.7 Tesla, 277 K, 4000 Hz) and individual genetic assays. (1)H HR-MAS spectra allowed the resolution and relative quantification by the LCModel of the resonances from choline (Cho), phosphocholine (PC) and glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC), the three main components of the combined tCho peak observed in gliomas by in vivo (1)H NMR spectroscopy. All glioma biopsies depicted a prominent tCho peak. However, the relative contributions of Cho, PC, and GPC to tCho were different for low and high grade gliomas. Whereas GPC is the main component in low grade gliomas, the high grade gliomas show a dominant contribution of PC. This circumstance allowed the discrimination of high and low grade gliomas by (1)H HR-MAS, a result that could not be obtained using the tCho/Cr ratio commonly used by in vivo (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The expression of the genes involved in choline metabolism has been investigated in the same biopsies. High grade gliomas depict an upregulation of the beta gene of choline kinase and phospholipase C, as well as a downregulation of the cytidyltransferase B gene, the balance of these being consistent with the accumulation of PC. In the low grade gliomas, phospholipase A(1) and lysophospholipase are upregulated and phospholipase D is downregulated, supporting the accumulation of GPC. The present findings offer a promising procedure that will potentially help to accurately grade glioma tumors using (1)H HR-MAS, providing in addition the genetic background for the alterations of choline metabolism observed in high and low grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Righi
- Instituto de Investigationes Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC/UAM, c/ Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Abstract
(1)H MRS is evolving into an invaluable tool for brain tumor classification in humans based on pattern recognition analysis, but there is still room for improvement. Here we propose a new approach: to challenge tumor metabolism in vivo by a defined perturbation, and study the induced changes in MRS pattern. For this we recorded single voxel (1)H MR spectra from mice bearing a stereotactically induced GL261 grade IV brain glioma during a period of induced acute hyperglycemia. A total of 29 C57BL/6 mice were used. Single voxel spectra were acquired at 7 T with point resolved spectroscopy and TE of 12, 30 and 136 ms. Tumors were induced by stereotactic injection of 10(5) GL261cells in 17 mice. Hyperglycemia (up to 338 +/- 36 mg/dL glucose in the blood) was induced by intraperitoneal bolus injection. Maximal increases in glucose resonances of up to 2.4-fold were recorded from tumors in vivo. Our observations are in agreement with extracellular accumulation of glucose, which may suggest that glucose transport and/or metabolism are working close to their maximum capacity in GL261 tumors. The significant and specific MRS pattern changes observed when comparing euglycemia and hyperglycemia may be of use for future pattern-recognition studies of animal and human brain tumors by enhancing MRS-based discrimination between tumor types and grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Simões
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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22
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Ramírez BG, Rodrigues TB, Violante IR, Cruz F, Fonseca LL, Ballesteros P, Castro MMCA, García-Martín ML, Cerdán S. Kinetic properties of the redox switch/redox coupling mechanism as determined in primary cultures of cortical neurons and astrocytes from rat brain. J Neurosci Res 2008; 85:3244-53. [PMID: 17600826 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the mechanisms underlying the redox switch/redox coupling hypothesis by characterizing the competitive consumption of glucose or lactate and the kinetics of pyruvate production in primary cultures of cortical neurons and astrocytes from rat brain. Glucose consumption was determined in neuronal cultures incubated in Krebs ringer bicarbonate buffer (KRB) containing 0.25-5 mM glucose, in the presence and absence of 5 mM lactate as an alternative substrate. Lactate consumption was measured in neuronal cultures incubated with 1-15 mM lactate, in the presence and absence of 1 mM glucose. In both cases, the alternative substrate increased the K(m) (mM) values for glucose consumption (from 2.2 +/- 0.2 to 3.6 +/- 0.1) or lactate consumption (from 7.8 +/- 0.1 to 8.5 +/- 0.1) without significant changes on the corresponding V(max). This is consistent with a competitive inhibition between the simultaneous consumption of glucose and lactate. When cultures of neurons or astrocytes were incubated with increasing lactate concentrations 1-20 mM, pyruvate production was observed with K(m) (mM) and V(max) (nmol/mg/h) values of 1.0 +/- 0.1 and 109 +/- 4 in neurons, or 0.28 +/- 0.1 and 342 +/- 54 in astrocytes. Thus, astrocytes or neurons are able to return to the incubation medium as pyruvate, a significant part of the lactate consumed. Present results support the reversible exchange of reducing equivalents between neurons and astrocytes in the form of lactate or pyruvate. Monocarboxylate exchange is envisioned to operate under near equilibrium, with the transcellular flux directed thermodynamically toward the more oxidized intracellular redox environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén G Ramírez
- Laboratory for Imaging and Spectroscopy by Magnetic Resonance LISMAR, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Rodrigues TB, Cerdán S, García-Martín ML. A method to measure lactate recycling in cultured cells by edited 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Anal Biochem 2007; 370:246-8. [PMID: 17889822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2007.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Revised: 08/08/2007] [Accepted: 08/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago B Rodrigues
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, C.S.I.C./U.A.M., 28029 Madrid, Spain
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24
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Cerdán S, Rodrigues TB, Sierra A, Benito M, Fonseca LL, Fonseca CP, García-Martín ML. The redox switch/redox coupling hypothesis. Neurochem Int 2006; 48:523-30. [PMID: 16530294 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2005.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2005] [Revised: 12/07/2005] [Accepted: 12/09/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We provide an integrative interpretation of neuroglial metabolic coupling including the presence of subcellular compartmentation of pyruvate and monocarboxylate recycling through the plasma membrane of both neurons and glial cells. The subcellular compartmentation of pyruvate allows neurons and astrocytes to select between glucose and lactate as alternative substrates, depending on their relative extracellular concentration and the operation of a redox switch. This mechanism is based on the inhibition of glycolysis at the level of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase by NAD(+) limitation, under sufficiently reduced cytosolic NAD(+)/NADH redox conditions. Lactate and pyruvate recycling through the plasma membrane allows the return to the extracellular medium of cytosolic monocarboxylates enabling their transcellular, reversible, exchange between neurons and astrocytes. Together, intracellular pyruvate compartmentation and monocarboxylate recycling result in an effective transcellular coupling between the cytosolic NAD(+)/NADH redox states of both neurons and glial cells. Following glutamatergic neurotransmission, increased glutamate uptake by the astrocytes is proposed to augment glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, balancing to a reduced cytosolic NAD(+)/NADH in the glia. Reducing equivalents are transferred then to the neuron resulting in a reduced neuronal NAD(+)/NADH redox state. This may eventually switch off neuronal glycolysis, favoring the oxidation of extracellular lactate in the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) equilibrium and in the neuronal tricarboxylic acid cycles. Finally, pyruvate derived from neuronal lactate oxidation, may return to the extracellular space and to the astrocyte, restoring the basal redox state and beginning a new loop of the lactate/pyruvate transcellular coupling cycle. Transcellular redox coupling operates through the plasma membrane transporters of monocarboxylates, similarly to the intracellular redox shuttles coupling the cytosolic and mitochondrial redox states through the transporters of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Finally, transcellular redox coupling mechanisms may couple glycolytic and oxidative zones in other heterogeneous tissues including muscle and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Cerdán
- Laboratory for Imaging and Spectroscopy by Magnetic Resonance LISMAR, Institute of Biomedical Research Alberto Sols, c/Arturo Duperier 4, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Prata MIM, Santos AC, Torres S, André JP, Martins JA, Neves M, García-Martín ML, Rodrigues TB, López-Larrubia P, Cerdán S, Geraldes CFGC. Targeting of lanthanide(III) chelates of DOTA-type glycoconjugates to the hepatic asyaloglycoprotein receptor: cell internalization and animal imaging studies. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2006; 1:246-58. [PMID: 17191765 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of a new class of hydrophilic liver-targeted agents for gamma-scintigraphy and MRI, consisting, respectively, of [(153)Sm](3+) or Gd(3+) complexes of DOTA monoamide or bisamide linked glycoconjugates (DOTA = 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid), is reported. In vitro studies show high uptake of radiolabeled [(153)Sm]-DOTAGal(2) by the human hepatocyte carcinoma cell line Hep G2 containing the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R), which is decreased to less than 50% by the presence of its high-affinity ligand asialofetuin (ASF). In vivo biodistribution, gamma-imaging and pharmacokinetic studies on Wistar rats using the [(153)Sm](3+)-labeled glycoconjugates show a high uptake in the receptor-rich organ liver of the radiolabeled compounds containing terminal galactosyl groups, but very little uptake for those compounds with terminal glycosyl groups. Blocking the receptor in vivo reduced liver uptake by 90%, strongly suggesting that the liver uptake of these compounds is mediated by their binding to the asyaloglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R). This study also demonstrated that the valency increase improves the targeting capability of the glycoconjugates, which is also affected by their topology. However despite the specific liver uptake of the radiolabeled galactose-bearing multivalent compounds, the animal MRI assessment of the corresponding Gd(3+) chelates shows liver-to-kidney contrast effects which are not significantly better than those shown by GdDTPA. This probably results from the quick wash-out from the liver of these highly hydrophilic complexes, before they can be sufficiently concentrated within the hepatocytes via receptor-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I M Prata
- Instituto de Biofísica e Biomatemática, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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García-Espinosa MA, Rodrigues TB, Sierra A, Benito M, Fonseca C, Gray HL, Bartnik BL, García-Martín ML, Ballesteros P, Cerdán S. Cerebral glucose metabolism and the glutamine cycle as detected by in vivo and in vitro 13C NMR spectroscopy. Neurochem Int 2004; 45:297-303. [PMID: 15145545 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2003.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2003] [Accepted: 08/28/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We review briefly 13C NMR studies of cerebral glucose metabolism with an emphasis on the roles of glial energetics and the glutamine cycle. Mathematical modeling analysis of in vivo 13C turnover experiments from the C4 carbons of glutamate and glutamine are consistent with: (i) the glutamine cycle being the major cerebral metabolic route supporting glutamatergic neurotransmission, (ii) glial glutamine synthesis being stoichiometrically coupled to glycolytic ATP production, (iii) glutamine serving as the main precursor of neurotransmitter glutamate and (iv) glutamatergic neurotransmission being supported by lactate oxidation in the neurons in a process accounting for 60-80% of the energy derived from glucose catabolism. However, more recent experimental approaches using inhibitors of the glial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (trifluoroacetic acid, TFA) or of glutamine synthase (methionine sulfoximine, MSO) reveal that a considerable portion of the energy required to support glutamine synthesis is derived from the oxidative metabolism of glucose in the astroglia and that a significant amount of the neurotransmitter glutamate is produced from neuronal glucose or lactate rather than from glial glutamine. Moreover, a redox switch has been proposed that allows the neurons to use either glucose or lactate as substrates for oxidation, depending on the relative availability of these fuels under resting or activation conditions, respectively. Together, these results suggest that the coupling mechanisms between neuronal and glial metabolism are more complex than initially envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A García-Espinosa
- Laboratorio de Imagen y Espectroscopía por Resonancia Magnética (LIERM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC/UAM, c/ Arturo Duperier 4, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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García-Espinosa MA, García-Martín ML, Cerdán S. Role of glial metabolism in diabetic encephalopathy as detected by high resolution 13C NMR. NMR Biomed 2003; 16:440-449. [PMID: 14679506 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The roles of glial energetics and of the glutamine cycle in diabetic encephalopathy have been investigated ex vivo by (13)C NMR in extracts of adult rat brain. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic or euglycemic animals received intravenous infusions of (1-(13)C) glucose in the absence and presence of trifluoroacetic acid or methionine sulfoximine, two selective inhibitors of the glial tricarboxylic acid cycle or of glutamine synthase, respectively. (1-(13)C) glucose infusions resulted in smaller (13)C incorporation in all carbons of cerebral glutamate, glutamine and GABA in the diabetic animals. Co-infusion of trifluoroacetic acid with (1-(13)C) glucose further reduced the (13)C enrichments in cerebral glutamate and glutamine, the decrease being larger in the diabetic animals than in the corresponding euglycemic controls. Methionine sulfoximine decreased to undetectable levels the fractional (13)C enrichment in the carbons of cerebral glutamine in both groups and had no significant effect on (13)C incorporation in glutamate and GABA, suggesting that glutamine is not the main precursor of glutamate and GABA. Additional animals were infused with (1,2-(13)C(2)) acetate, a major substrate of glial metabolism. In this case, (1,2-(13)C(2)) acetate infusions resulted in increased (13)C incorporation in all carbons of glutamate, glutamine and GABA in the diabetic animals. Together, these results reveal that diabetic encephalopathy has an important effect in astroglial metabolism, decreasing glucose transport and metabolism and increasing the relative contribution of glial oxidative metabolism to the support of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A García-Espinosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Hanes Building, Medical Center Blvd, Wake Forest University Medical School, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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García-Martín ML, García-Espinosa MA, Ballesteros P, Bruix M, Cerdán S. Hydrogen turnover and subcellular compartmentation of hepatic [2-(13)C]glutamate and [3-(13)C]aspartate as detected by (13)C NMR. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:7799-807. [PMID: 11744718 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m107501200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
(13)C NMR monitored the dynamics of exchange from specific hydrogens of hepatic [2-(13)C]glutamate and [3-(13)C]aspartate with deuterons from intracellular heavy water providing information on alpha-ketoglutarate/glutamate exchange and subcellular compartmentation. Mouse livers were perfused with [3-(13)C]alanine in buffer containing or not 50% (2)H(2)O for increasing periods of time (1 min < t < 30 min). Liver extracts prepared at the end of the perfusions were analyzed by high resolution (13)C NMR (150.13 MHz) with (1)H decoupling only and with simultaneous (1)H and (2)H decoupling. (13)C-(2)H couplings and (2)H-induced isotopic shifts observed in the glutamate C2 resonance, allowed to estimate the apparent rate constants (forward, reverse; min(-1)) for (i) the reversible exchange of [2-(13)C]glutamate H2 as catalyzed mainly by aspartate aminotransferase (0.32, 0.56), (ii) the reversible exchange of [2-(13)C]glutamate H3(proS) as catalyzed by NAD(P) isocitrate dehydrogenase (0.1, 0.05), and (iii) the irreversible exchanges of glutamate H3(proR) and H3(proS) as catalyzed by the sequential activities of mitochondrial aconitase and NAD isocitrate dehydrogenase of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (0.035), respectively. A similar approach allowed to determine the rates of (1)H-(2)H exchange for the H2 (0.4, 0.5) or H3(proR) (0.3, 0.2) or the H2 and H3(proS) hydrogens (0.20, 0.23) of [3-(13)C]aspartate isotopomers. The ubiquitous subcellular localization of (1)H-(2)H exchange enzymes and the exclusive mitochondrial localization of pyruvate carboxylase and the tricarboxylic acid cycle resulted in distinctive kinetics of deuteration in the H2 and either or both H3 hydrogens of [2-(13)C]glutamate and [3-(13)C]aspartate, allowing to follow glutamate and aspartate trafficking through cytosol and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L García-Martín
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas C.S.I.C., c/Arturo Duperier 4, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Hortelano S, García-Martín ML, Cerdán S, Castrillo A, Alvarez AM, Boscá L. Intracellular water motion decreases in apoptotic macrophages after caspase activation. Cell Death Differ 2001; 8:1022-8. [PMID: 11598800 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2000] [Revised: 05/16/2001] [Accepted: 05/22/2001] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triggering of the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma promoted apoptosis that was prevented by inhibitors of type 2 nitric oxide synthase or caspase. Using (1)H NMR analysis, we have investigated the changes of the intracellular transverse relaxation time (T(2)) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as parameters reflecting the rotational and translational motions of water in apoptotic macrophages. T(2) values decreased significantly from 287 to 182 ms in cells treated for 18 h with NO-donors. These changes of T(2) were prevented by caspase inhibitors and were not due to mitochondrial depolarization or microtubule depolymerization. The decrease of the intracellular values of T(2) and ADC in apoptotic macrophages was observed after caspase activation, but preceded phosphatidylserine exposure and nucleosomal DNA cleavage. The changes of water motion were accompanied by an enhancement of the hydrophobic properties of the intracellular milieu, as detected by fluorescent probes. These results indicate the occurrence of an alteration in the physicochemical properties of intracellular water during the course of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hortelano
- Instituto de Bioquímica, Centro Mixto CSIC-UCM, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense. 28040 Madrid, Spain
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García-Martín ML, Hérigault G, Rémy C, Farion R, Ballesteros P, Coles JA, Cerdán S, Ziegler A. Mapping extracellular pH in rat brain gliomas in vivo by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging: comparison with maps of metabolites. Cancer Res 2001; 61:6524-31. [PMID: 11522650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The value of extracellular pH (pH(e)) in tumors is an important factor in prognosisand choice of therapy. We demonstrate here that pH(e) can be mappedin vivo in a rat brain glioma by (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (SI) of the pH buffer (+/-)2-imidazole-1-yl-3-ethoxycarbonylpropionic acid (IEPA). (1)H SI also allowed us to map metabolites, and, to better understand the determinants of pH(e), we compared maps of pH(e), metabolites, and the distribution of the contrast agent gadolinium1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N",N"'-tetraaceticacid (Gd-DOTA). C6 cells injected in caudate nuclei of four Wistar rats gave rise to gliomas of approximately 10 mm in diameter. Three mmols of IEPA were injected in the right jugular vein from t = 0 to t = 60 min. From t = 50 min to t = 90 min, spin-echo (1)H SI was performed with an echo time of 40 ms in a 2.5-mm slice including the glioma (nominal voxel size, 2.2 microl). IEPA resonances were detected only within the glioma and were intense enough for pH(e) to be calculated from the chemical shift of the H2 resonance in almost all voxels of the glioma. (1)H spectroscopic images with an echo time of 136 ms were then acquired to map metabolites: lactate, choline-containing compounds (tCho), phosphocreatine/creatine, and N-acetylaspartate. Finally, T(1)-weighted imaging after injection of a bolus of Gd-DOTA gave a map indicative of extravasation. On average, the gradient of pH(e) (measured where sufficient IEPA was present) from the center to the periphery was not statistically significant. Mean pH(e) was calculated for each of the four gliomas, and the average was 7.084 +/- 0.017 (+/- SE; n = 4 rats), which is acid with respect to pH(e) of normal tissue. After normalization of spectra to their water peak, voxel-by-voxel comparisons of peak areas showed that N-acetylaspartate, a marker of neurons, correlated negatively with IEPA (P < 0.0001) and lactate (P < 0.05), as expected of a glioma surrounded by normal tissue. tCho (which may indicate proliferation) correlated positively with pH(e) (P < 0.0001). Lactate correlated positively with tCho (P < 0.0001), phosphocreatine/creatine (P < 0.001), and Gd-DOTA (P < 0.0001). Although lactate is exported from cells in association with protons, within the gliomas, no evidence was observed that pH(e) was significantly lower where lactate concentration was higher. These results suggest that lactate is produced mainly in viable, well-perfused, tumoral tissue from which proton equivalents are rapidly cleared.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L García-Martín
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Chapa F, Cruz F, García-Martín ML, García-Espinosa MA, Cerdán S. Metabolism of (1-(13)C) glucose and (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H(3)) acetate in the neuronal and glial compartments of the adult rat brain as detected by [(13)C, (2)H] NMR spectroscopy. Neurochem Int 2000; 37:217-28. [PMID: 10812207 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-0186(00)00025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo ¿(13)C, (2)H¿ NMR spectroscopy allowed to estimate the relative sizes of neuronal and glial glutamate pools and the relative contributions of (1-(13)C) glucose and (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H(3)) acetate to the neuronal and glial tricarboxylic acid cycles of the adult rat brain. Rats were infused during 60 min in the right jugular vein with solutions containing (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H(3)) acetate and (1-(13)C) glucose or (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H(3)) acetate only. At the end of the infusion the brains were frozen in situ and perchloric acid extracts were prepared and analyzed by high resolution (13)C NMR spectroscopy (90.5 MHz). The relative sizes of the neuronal and glial glutamate pools and the contributions of acetyl-CoA molecules derived from (2-(13)C, (2)H(3)) acetate or (1-(13)C) glucose entering the tricarboxylic acid cycles of both compartments, could be determined by the analysis of (2)H-(13)C multiplets and (2)H induced isotopic shifts observed in the C4 carbon resonances of glutamate and glutamine. During the infusions with (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H(3)) acetate and (1-(13)C) glucose, the glial glutamate pool contributed 9% of total cerebral glutamate being derived from (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H(3)) acetyl-CoA (4%), (2-(13)C) acetyl-CoA (3%) and recycled (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H) acetyl-CoA (2%). The neuronal glutamate pool accounted for 91% of the total cerebral glutamate being mainly originated from (2-(13)C) acetyl-CoA (86%) and (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H) acetyl-CoA (5%). During the infusions of (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H(3)) acetate only, the glial glutamate pool contributed 73% of the cerebral glutamate, being derived from (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H(3)) acetyl-CoA (36%), (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H) acetyl-CoA (27%) and (2-(13)C) acetyl-CoA (10%). The neuronal pool contributed 27% of cerebral glutamate being formed from (2-(13)C) acetyl-CoA (11%) and recycled (2-(13)C, 2-(2)H) acetyl-CoA (16%). These results illustrate the potential of ¿(13)C, (2)H¿ NMR spectroscopy as a novel approach to investigate substrate selection and metabolic compartmentation in the adult mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chapa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" Madrid, Spain
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Bailey LE, García-Martín ML, Stender H, Ball G. Structural studies of 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine by selective pulse 1H DPFGSE NOE spectroscopy and PM3 calculations. Nucleosides Nucleotides 1999; 18:1067-8. [PMID: 10432740 DOI: 10.1080/15257779908041647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The solution conformation of 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU) has been calculated from the vicinyl proton-proton NMR coupling constants and nuclear Overhauser (NOE) distances using excitation sculpting of selective pulses (Double Pulsed Field Gradient Spin Echo NOE) at 500 MHz and molecular modelling (PM3) studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Bailey
- Dept. Ciencias y Técnicas Fisicoquímicas, UNED, Madrid, Spain
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