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Huang J, Bai L, Shi D, Jiang W, Chen P, Dong Y, Zhang X, Peng J, Hou J, Lu Y, Huang X, Tang G, Huang S. Synthesis and Evaluation of [ 18F]AlF-NOTA-c- DVAP: A Novel PET Probe for Imaging GRP78 in Cancer. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2425-2434. [PMID: 38554143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
GRP78, a member of the HSP70 superfamily, is an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein overexpressed in various cancers, making it a promising target for cancer imaging and therapy. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging offers unique advantages in real time, noninvasive tumor imaging, rendering it a suitable tool for targeting GRP78 in tumor imaging to guide targeted therapy. Several studies have reported successful tumor imaging using PET probes targeting GRP78. However, existing PET probes face challenges such as low tumor uptake, inadequate in vivo distribution, and high abdominal background signal. Therefore, this study introduces a novel peptide PET probe, [18F]AlF-NOTA-c-DVAP, for targeted tumor imaging of GRP78. [18F]AlF-NOTA-c-DVAP was radiolabeled with fluoride-18 using the aluminum-[18F]fluoride ([18F]AlF) method. The study assessed the partition coefficients, stability in vitro, and metabolic stability of [18F]AlF-NOTA-c-DVAP. Micro-PET imaging, pharmacokinetic analysis, and biodistribution studies were carried out in tumor-bearing mice to evaluate the probe's performance. Docking studies and pharmacokinetic analyses of [18F]AlF-NOTA-c-DVAP were also performed. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses were conducted to confirm GRP78 expression in tumor tissues. The probe's binding affinity to GRP78 was analyzed by molecular docking simulation. [18F]AlF-NOTA-c-DVAP was radiolabeled in just 25 min with a high yield of 51 ± 16%, a radiochemical purity of 99%, and molar activity within the range of 20-50 GBq/μmol. [18F]AlF-NOTA-c-DVAP demonstrated high stability in vitro and in vivo, with a logD value of -3.41 ± 0.03. Dynamic PET imaging of [18F]AlF-NOTA-c-DVAP in tumors showed rapid uptake and sustained retention, with minimal background uptake. Biodistribution studies revealed rapid blood clearance and excretion through the kidneys following a single-compartment reversible metabolic model. In PET imaging, the T/M ratios for A549 tumors (high GRP78 expression), MDA-MB-231 tumors (medium expression), and HepG2 tumors (low expression) at 60 min postintravenous injection were 10.48 ± 1.39, 6.25 ± 0.47, and 3.15 ± 1.15% ID/g, respectively, indicating a positive correlation with GRP78 expression. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using [18F]AlF-NOTA-c-DVAP as a PET tracer for imaging GRP78 in tumors. The probe shows promising results in terms of stability, specificity, and tumor targeting. Further research may explore the clinical utility and potential therapeutic applications of this PET tracer for cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, P. R. China
- PET Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, P. R. China
- PET Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Dazhi Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, P. R. China
- PET Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, P. R. China
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, P. R. China
| | - Ye Dong
- PET Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- PET Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jiangling Peng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jinqiang Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, 980 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 6 V4, Canada
| | - Yujing Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, P. R. China
| | - Ganghua Tang
- PET Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Shun Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, P. R. China
- PET Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
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Kras EA, Abozeid SM, Eduardo W, Spernyak JA, Morrow JR. Comparison of phosphonate, hydroxypropyl and carboxylate pendants in Fe(III) macrocyclic complexes as MRI contrast agents. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111594. [PMID: 34517167 PMCID: PMC9124524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fe(III) macrocyclic complexes containing a macrocycle and three pendant groups including phosphonate (NOTP =1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triyl-tris(methylenephosphonic acid), carboxylate (NOTA = 1,4,7 - triazacyclononane - N,N',N″ - triacetate) or hydroxypropyl (NOHP =(2S,2'S,2"S)-1,1',1″-(1,4,7-triazonane-1,4,7-triyl)tris(propan-2-ol)) were studied in order to compare the effect of these donor groups on solution chemistry and water proton relaxivity. All three complexes, Fe(NOTP), Fe(NOHP) and Fe(NOTA), display a large degree of kinetic inertness to dissociation in the presence of phosphate and carbonate, under acidic conditions of 100 mM HCl or 1 M HCl or to trans-metalation with Zn(II). The r1 proton relaxivity of the complexes at 1.4 T, 33 °C is compared over the pH range of 1 to 10. At pH 7.4, 33 °C, 1.4 T, Fe(NOHP) has the largest relaxivity (1.5 mM-1 s-1), Fe(NOTP) is second at 1.0 mM-1 s-1, whereas Fe(NOTA) is the lowest at 0.61 mM-1 s-1. Fe(NOTP), Fe(NOHP) and Fe(NOTA) all show an increase in relaxivity at very acidic pH values (< 3) that is consistent with an acid-catalyzed process. Variable temperature 17O NMR studies at near neutral pH are consistent with the absence of an inner-sphere water molecule for Fe(NOTP) and Fe(NOHP), supporting second-sphere or outer-sphere water contributions to proton relaxation. Fe(NOTP) shows contrast enhancement in T1 weighted MRI studies in mice and clears through a renal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Kras
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260, United States of America
| | - Samira M Abozeid
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria Street, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Waldine Eduardo
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260, United States of America
| | - Joseph A Spernyak
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States of America
| | - Janet R Morrow
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260, United States of America.
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Ståhle M, Hellberg S, Virta J, Liljenbäck H, Metsälä O, Li XG, Jauhiainen M, Saukko P, Ylä-Herttuala S, Nuutila P, Knuuti J, Saraste A, Roivainen A. Evaluation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor expression in nondiabetic and diabetic atherosclerotic mice using PET tracer 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E989-E998. [PMID: 33843281 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00465.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist therapies are potentially mediated by anti-inflammatory effects on atherosclerosis. Our study demonstrates that 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4, a radioligand specifically targeting GLP-1R, detects GLP-1R expression in inflamed atherosclerotic lesions in nondiabetic and diabetic hypercholesterolemic mice. Immunofluorescence staining suggests that GLP-1R is primarily localized in M2 macrophages in lesions. This study describes a new potential tool that may have translational relevance for studies of pharmacological modification of GLP-1R signaling in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Ståhle
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Jenni Virta
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heidi Liljenbäck
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Metsälä
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiang-Guo Li
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research and Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Saukko
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti Saraste
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Roivainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Nagle VL, Henry KE, Hertz CAJ, Graham MS, Campos C, Parada LF, Pandit-Taskar N, Schietinger A, Mellinghoff IK, Lewis JS. Imaging Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Brain Tumors with [ 64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 PET. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:1958-1966. [PMID: 33495310 PMCID: PMC8026513 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. Various immunotherapeutic approaches to improve patient survival are being developed, but the molecular mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance are currently unknown. Here, we explored the ability of a humanized radiolabeled CD8-targeted minibody to noninvasively quantify tumor-infiltrating CD8-positive (CD8+) T cells using PET. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We generated a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) humanized immune system (HIS) mouse model and quantified the absolute number of CD8+ T cells by flow cytometry relative to the [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 PET signal. To evaluate a patient-derived orthotopic GBM HIS model, we intracranially injected cells into NOG mice, humanized cohorts with multiple HLA-matched PBMC donors, and quantified CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes by IHC. To determine whether [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 images brain parenchymal T-cell infiltrate in GBM tumors, we performed PET and autoradiography and subsequently stained serial sections of brain tumor tissue by IHC for CD8+ T cells. RESULTS Nontumor-bearing NOG mice injected with human PBMCs showed prominent [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 uptake in the spleen and minimal radiotracer localization to the normal brain. NOG mice harboring intracranial human GBMs yielded high-resolution PET images of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. Radiotracer retention correlated with CD8+ T-cell numbers in spleen and tumor tissue. Our study demonstrates the ability of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 PET to quantify peripheral and tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in brain tumors. CONCLUSIONS Human CD8+ T cells infiltrate an orthotopic GBM in a donor-dependent manner. Furthermore, [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 quantitatively images both peripheral and brain parenchymal human CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica L Nagle
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Kelly E Henry
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charli Ann J Hertz
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Maya S Graham
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Carl Campos
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Luis F Parada
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Neeta Pandit-Taskar
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrea Schietinger
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ingo K Mellinghoff
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Radiochemistry and Molecular Imaging Probes Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Ashhar Z, Yusof NA, Ahmad Saad FF, Mohd Nor SM, Mohammad F, Bahrin Wan Kamal WH, Hassan MH, Ahmad Hassali H, Al-Lohedan HA. Preparation, Characterization, and Radiolabeling of [ 68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-Pamidronic Acid: A Potential PET Bone Imaging Agent. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112668. [PMID: 32526838 PMCID: PMC7321328 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of bone metastases is crucial to prevent skeletal-related events, and for that, the non-invasive techniques to diagnose bone metastases that make use of image-guided radiopharmaceuticals are being employed as an alternative to traditional biopsies. Hence, in the present work, we tested the efficacy of a gallium-68 (68Ga)-based compound as a radiopharmaceutical agent towards the bone imaging in positron emitting tomography (PET). For that, we prepared, thoroughly characterized, and radiolabeled [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-pamidronic acid radiopharmaceutical, a 68Ga precursor for PET bone cancer imaging applications. The preparation of NODAGA-pamidronic acid was performed via the N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester strategy and was characterized using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MSn). The unreacted NODAGA chelator was separated using the ion-suppression reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method, and the freeze-dried NODAGA-pamidronic acid was radiolabeled with 68Ga. The radiolabeling condition was found to be most optimum at a pH ranging from 4 to 4.5 and a temperature of above 60 °C. From previous work, we found that the pamidronic acid itself has a good bone binding affinity. Moreover, from the analysis of the results, the ionic structure of radiolabeled [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-pamidronic acid has the ability to improve the blood clearance and may exert good renal excretion, enhance the bone-to-background ratio, and consequently the final image quality. This was reflected by both the in vitro bone binding assay and in vivo animal biodistribution presented in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarif Ashhar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Putra Malaysia University, Selangor, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (Z.A.); (S.M.M.N.)
- Pharmacy Department, National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya 62250, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azah Yusof
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Putra Malaysia University, Selangor, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (Z.A.); (S.M.M.N.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.Y.); (F.M.); Tel.: +966-11-467-5998 (F.M.); Fax: +966-11-467-9972 (F.M.)
| | - Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad
- Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging (CDNI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Selangor, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (F.F.A.S.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Siti Mariam Mohd Nor
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Putra Malaysia University, Selangor, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (Z.A.); (S.M.M.N.)
| | - Faruq Mohammad
- Surfactants Research Chair, Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (N.A.Y.); (F.M.); Tel.: +966-11-467-5998 (F.M.); Fax: +966-11-467-9972 (F.M.)
| | | | - Muhammad Hishar Hassan
- Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging (CDNI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Selangor, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (F.F.A.S.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Hazlina Ahmad Hassali
- Bahagian Teknologi Perubatan, Malaysia Nuclear Agency, Selangor, Kajang 43600, Malaysia; (W.H.B.W.K.); (H.A.H.)
| | - Hamad A. Al-Lohedan
- Surfactants Research Chair, Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Kollenda SA, Klose J, Knuschke T, Sokolova V, Schmitz J, Staniszewska M, Costa PF, Herrmann K, Westendorf AM, Fendler WP, Epple M. In vivo biodistribution of calcium phosphate nanoparticles after intravascular, intramuscular, intratumoral, and soft tissue administration in mice investigated by small animal PET/CT. Acta Biomater 2020; 109:244-253. [PMID: 32251787 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate nanoparticles were covalently surface-functionalized with the ligand DOTA and loaded with the radioisotope 68Ga. The biodistribution of such 68Ga-labelled nanoparticles was followed in vivo in mice by positron emission tomography in combination with computer tomography (PET-CT). The biodistribution of 68Ga-labelled nanoparticles was compared for different application routes: intravenous, intramuscular, intratumoral, and into soft tissue. The particle distribution was measured in vivo by PET-CT after 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h, and ex vivo after 5 h. After intravenous injection (tail vein), the nanoparticles rapidly entered the lungs with later redistribution into liver and spleen. The nanoparticles remained mostly at the injection site following intramuscular, intratumoral, or soft tissue application, with less than 10 percent being mobilized into the blood stream. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The in vivo biodistribution of DOTA-terminated calcium phosphate nanoparticles was followed by PET/CT. To our knowledge, this is the first study of this kind. Four different application routes of clinical relevance were pursued: Intravascular, intramuscular, intratumoral, and into soft tissue. Given the high importance of calcium phosphate as biomaterial and for nanoparticular drug delivery and immunization, this is most important to assess the biofate of calcium phosphate nanoparticles for therapeutic application and also judge biodistribution of nanoscopic calcium phosphate ceramics, including debris from endoprostheses and related implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Kollenda
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Klose
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Torben Knuschke
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Viktoriya Sokolova
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen Schmitz
- Department of Radiopharmacy and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Magdalena Staniszewska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pedro Fragoso Costa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Astrid M Westendorf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang P Fendler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Müller C, Umbricht CA, Gracheva N, Tschan VJ, Pellegrini G, Bernhardt P, Zeevaart JR, Köster U, Schibli R, van der Meulen NP. Terbium-161 for PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy of prostate cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:1919-1930. [PMID: 31134301 PMCID: PMC6820371 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has emerged as an
interesting target for radionuclide therapy of metastasized castration-resistant
prostate cancer (mCRPC). The aim of this study was to investigate
161Tb (T1/2 = 6.89 days;
Eβ-uperscript>av = 154 keV) in
combination with PSMA-617 as a potentially more effective therapeutic alternative
to 177Lu-PSMA-617, due to the abundant co-emission of
conversion and Auger electrons, resulting in an improved absorbed dose
profile. Methods 161Tb was used for the radiolabeling of
PSMA-617 at high specific activities up to 100 MBq/nmol.
161Tb-PSMA-617 was tested in vitro and in
tumor-bearing mice to confirm equal properties, as previously determined for
177Lu-PSMA-617. The effects of
161Tb-PSMA-617 and
177Lu-PSMA-617 on cell viability (MTT assay) and
survival (clonogenic assay) were compared in vitro using PSMA-positive PC-3 PIP
tumor cells. 161Tb-PSMA-617 was further investigated in
therapy studies using PC-3 PIP tumor-bearing mice. Results 161Tb-PSMA-617 and
177Lu-PSMA-617 displayed equal in-vitro properties
and tissue distribution profiles in tumor-bearing mice. The viability and survival
of PC-3 PIP tumor cells were more reduced when exposed to
161Tb-PSMA-617 as compared to the effect obtained
with the same activities of 177Lu-PSMA-617 over the
whole investigated concentration range. Treatment of mice with
161Tb-PSMA-617 (5.0 MBq/mouse and 10 MBq/mouse,
respectively) resulted in an activity-dependent increase of the median survival
(36 vs 65 days) compared to untreated control animals (19 days). Therapy studies
to compare the effects of 161Tb-PSMA-617 and
177Lu-PSMA-617 indicated the anticipated superiority
of 161Tb over 177Lu. Conclusion 161Tb-PSMA-617 showed superior in-vitro
and in-vivo results as compared to 177Lu-PSMA-617,
confirming theoretical dose calculations that indicate an additive therapeutic
effect of conversion and Auger electrons in the case of
161Tb. These data warrant more preclinical research
for in-depth investigations of the proposed concept, and present a basis for
future clinical translation of 161Tb-PSMA-617 for the
treatment of mCRPC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00259-019-04345-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized
users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Christoph A Umbricht
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Nadezda Gracheva
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Viviane J Tschan
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Pellegrini
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Bernhardt
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institution of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Rijn Zeevaart
- Radiochemistry, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa), Brits, 0240, South Africa
| | - Ulli Köster
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas P van der Meulen
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
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8
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van Onzen AAM, Rossin R, Schenning APH, Nicolay K, Milroy LG, Robillard MS, Brunsveld L. Tetrazine- trans-Cyclooctene Chemistry Applied to Fabricate Self-Assembled Fluorescent and Radioactive Nanoparticles for in Vivo Dual Mode Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:547-551. [PMID: 30731039 PMCID: PMC6429424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging agents combine two or more imaging modalities into one probe. Self-assembling fluorescent nanoparticles are a promising class of modular multimodal imaging probes as they can allow easy blending of imaging and targeting modalities. Our group recently developed a class of self-assembling and intrinsically fluorescent small molecule-based nanoparticles (SMNPs) with excellent optical properties. In this article, we describe the efficient radiolabeling of these SMNPs via a two-step bioconjugation strategy involving the inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder ligation between a tetrazine (Tz)-tagged radiolabel and a trans-cyclooctene (TCO)-tagged fluorescent small molecule building block of the SMNPs. Studies in mice revealed that the SMNPs are well tolerated and could be monitored by both radioactivity and fluorescence, thereby demonstrating the potential of SMNPs in optical and dual-mode imaging in vivo. The work also testifies to the utility of the Tz-TCO conjugation chemistry for the labeling of self-assembled nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur
H. A. M. van Onzen
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Raffaella Rossin
- Tagworks
Pharmaceuticals, c/o Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Albertus P. H.
J. Schenning
- Stimuli-responsive
Functional Materials and Devices and Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Biomedical
NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology,
P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lech-Gustav Milroy
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marc S. Robillard
- Tagworks
Pharmaceuticals, c/o Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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9
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Zang J, Fan X, Wang H, Liu Q, Wang J, Li H, Li F, Jacobson O, Niu G, Zhu Z, Chen X. First-in-human study of 177Lu-EB-PSMA-617 in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:148-158. [PMID: 30090965 PMCID: PMC6250576 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-4096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This translational study is designed to assess the safety, dosimetry and therapeutic response to a single, low-dose of 177Lu-EB-PSMA-617 in comparison to 177Lu-PSMA-617 in patients with mCRPC. METHODS Following institutional review board approval and informed consent, nine patients with mCRPC were recruited. Four patients accepted intravenous injection of 0.80-1.1 GBq (21.5-30 mCi) of 177Lu-EB-PSMA-617, then underwent serial whole-body planar and SPECT/CT imaging at 2, 24, 72, 120 and 168 h. The other five patients accepted intravenous injection of 1.30-1.42 GBq (35-38.4 mCi) 177Lu-PSMA-617, then underwent the same imaging procedures at 0.5, 2, 24, 48, and 72 h. All patients were evaluated by 68Ga-PSMA-617 PET/CT before and one month after the treatment. Dosimetry evaluation was compared in both patient groups. RESULTS When the bone metastasis tumors with comparable baseline SUVmax in the range of 10.0-15.0 were selected from the two groups for comparison, the accumulated radioactivity of 177Lu-EB-PSMA-617 was about 3.02-fold higher than that of 177Lu-PSMA-617. Imaging dose of 177Lu-EB-PSMA-617 treatment showed significant decrease of 68Ga-PSMA-617 uptake within a month, which was not observed in patients imaged with 177Lu-PSMA-617 (SUV change: -32.43 ± 0.14% vs. 0.21 ± 0.37%; P = 0.002). 177Lu-EB-PSMA-617 also had higher absorbed doses in the red bone marrow and kidneys than 177Lu-PSMA-617 (0.0547 ± 0.0062 vs. 0.0084 ± 0.0057 mSv/MBq for red bone marrow, P < 0.01; 2.39 ± 0.69 vs. 0.39 ± 0.06 mSv/MBq for kidneys, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION This first-in-human study demonstrated that 177Lu-EB-PSMA-617 had higher accumulation in mCRPC and that low imaging dose appears to be effective in treating tumors with high 68Ga-PSMA-617 uptakes. Elevated uptakes of 177Lu-EB-PSMA-617 in kidneys and red bone marrow were well tolerated at the administered low dose. Further investigations with increased dose and frequency of administration are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xinrong Fan
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qingxing Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Orit Jacobson
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zhaohui Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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10
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Beard R, Singh N, Grundschober C, Gee AD, Tate EW. High-yielding 18F radiosynthesis of a novel oxytocin receptor tracer, a probe for nose-to-brain oxytocin uptake in vivo. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8120-8123. [PMID: 29974895 PMCID: PMC6049614 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01400k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel Al18F labelled peptide tracer for PET imaging of oxytocin receptor has been accessed through a high radiochemical yield approach. This tracer showed comparable affinity and higher selectivity and stability compared to oxytocin, and was used to demonstrate direct nose-to-brain uptake following intranasal administration, a common yet controversial delivery route for oxytocin-based therapeutics.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Intranasal
- Animals
- Brain/diagnostic imaging
- Brain/metabolism
- Female
- Fluorine Radioisotopes
- Half-Life
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/administration & dosage
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/chemical synthesis
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/chemistry
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/pharmacokinetics
- Male
- Olfactory Bulb/diagnostic imaging
- Olfactory Bulb/metabolism
- Peptides, Cyclic/administration & dosage
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemical synthesis
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry
- Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacokinetics
- Positron-Emission Tomography
- Radiopharmaceuticals/administration & dosage
- Radiopharmaceuticals/chemical synthesis
- Radiopharmaceuticals/chemistry
- Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Oxytocin/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon Beard
- Department of Chemistry
, Imperial College London
, Exhibition Road
,
London
, SW7 2AZ
, UK
.
;
| | - Nisha Singh
- Division of Imaging Sciences
, King's College London
,
4th Floor
, Lambeth Wing
, St Thomas’ Hospital
, London
, SE1 7EH
, UK
.
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences
, IoPPN
, KCL
, De Crespigny Park
,
SE5 8AF
, London
, UK
| | - Christophe Grundschober
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development
, Discovery Neuroscience
, Roche Innovation Center Basel
, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd
,
Grenzacherstrasse 124
, 4070 Basel
, Switzerland
| | - Antony D. Gee
- Division of Imaging Sciences
, King's College London
,
4th Floor
, Lambeth Wing
, St Thomas’ Hospital
, London
, SE1 7EH
, UK
.
| | - Edward W. Tate
- Department of Chemistry
, Imperial College London
, Exhibition Road
,
London
, SW7 2AZ
, UK
.
;
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11
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Case BA, Kruziki MA, Johnson SM, Hackel BJ. Engineered Charge Redistribution of Gp2 Proteins through Guided Diversity for Improved PET Imaging of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1646-1658. [PMID: 29579383 PMCID: PMC6051758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Gp2 domain is a protein scaffold for synthetic ligand engineering. However, the native protein function results in a heterogeneous distribution of charge on the conserved surface, which may hinder further development and utility. We aim to modulate charge, without diminishing function, which is challenging in small proteins where each mutation is a significant fraction of protein structure. We constructed rationally guided combinatorial libraries with charge-neutralizing or charge-flipping mutations and sorted them, via yeast display and flow cytometry, for stability and target binding. Deep sequencing of functional variants revealed effective mutations both in clone-dependent contexts and broadly across binders to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin receptor, and immunoglobulin G. Functional mutants averaged 4.3 charge neutralizing mutations per domain while maintaining net negative charge. We evolved an EGFR-targeted Gp2 mutant that reduced charge density by 33%, maintained net charge, and improved charge distribution homogeneity while elevating thermal stability ( Tm = 87 ± 1 °C), improving binding specificity, and maintaining affinity ( Kd = 8.8 ± 0.6 nM). This molecule was conjugated with 1,4,7-triazacyclononane,1-glutaric acid-4,7-acetic acid for 64Cu chelation and evaluated for physiological distribution in mice with xenografted A431 (EGFRhigh) and MDA-MB-435 (EGFRlow) tumors. Excised tissue gamma counting and positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging revealed good EGFRhigh tumor signal (4.7 ± 0.5%ID/g) at 2 h post-injection and molecular specificity evidenced by low uptake in EGFRlow tumors (0.6 ± 0.1%ID/g, significantly lower than for non-charge-modified Gp2, p = 0.01). These results provide charge mutations for an improved Gp2 framework, validate an effective approach to charge engineering, and advance performance of physiological EGFR targeting for molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A. Case
- University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Max A. Kruziki
- University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Sadie M. Johnson
- University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Benjamin J. Hackel
- University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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12
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Rylova SN, Stoykow C, Del Pozzo L, Abiraj K, Tamma ML, Kiefer Y, Fani M, Maecke HR. The somatostatin receptor 2 antagonist 64Cu-NODAGA-JR11 outperforms 64Cu-DOTA-TATE in a mouse xenograft model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195802. [PMID: 29668724 PMCID: PMC5906006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper-64 is an attractive radionuclide for PET imaging and is frequently used in clinical applications. The aim of this study was to perform a side-by-side comparison of the in vitro and in vivo performance of 64Cu-NODAGA-JR11 (NODAGA = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane,1-glutaric acid,4,7-acetic acid, JR11 = p-Cl-Phe-cyclo(D-Cys-Aph(Hor)-D-Aph(cbm)-Lys-Thr-Cys)D-Tyr-NH2), a somatostatin receptor 2 antagonist, with the clinically used sst2 agonist 64Cu-DOTA-TATE ((TATE = D-Phe-cyclo(Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Cys)Thr). In vitro studies demonstrated Kd values of 5.7±0.95 nM (Bmax = 4.1±0.18 nM) for the antagonist 64/natCu-NODAGA-JR11 and 20.1±4.4. nM (Bmax = 0.48±0.18 nM) for the agonist 64/natCu-DOTA-TATE. Cell uptake studies showed the expected differences between agonists and antagonists. Whereas 64Cu-DOTA-TATE (the agonist) showed very effective internalization in the cell culture assay (with 50% internalized at 4 hours post-peptide addition under the given experimental conditions), 64Cu-NODAGA-JR11 (the antagonist) showed little internalization but strong receptor-mediated uptake at the cell membrane. Biodistribution studies of 64Cu-NODAGA-JR11 showed rapid blood clearance and tumor uptake with increasing tumor-to-relevant organ ratios within the first 4 hours and in some cases, 24 hours, respectively. The tumor washout was slow or non-existent in the first 4 hours, whereas the kidney washout was very efficient, leading to high and increasing tumor-to-kidney ratios over time. Specificity of tumor uptake was proven by co-injection of high excess of non-radiolabeled peptide, which led to >80% tumor blocking. 64Cu-DOTA-TATE showed less favorable pharmacokinetics, with the exception of lower kidney uptake. Blood clearance was distinctly slower and persistent higher blood values were found at 24 hours. Uptake in the liver and lung was relatively high and also persistent. The tumor uptake was specific and similar to that of 64Cu-NODAGA-JR11 at 1 h, but release from the tumor was very fast, particularly between 4 and 24 hours. Tumor-to-normal organ ratios were distinctly lower after 1 hour. This is indicative of insufficient in vivo stability. PET studies of 64Cu-NODAGA-JR11 reflected the biodistribution data with nicely delineated tumor and low background. 64Cu-NODAGA-JR11 shows promising pharmacokinetic properties for further translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana N. Rylova
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Stoykow
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luigi Del Pozzo
- Division of Radiological Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Keelara Abiraj
- Division of Radiological Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Luisa Tamma
- Division of Radiological Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yvonne Kiefer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melpomeni Fani
- Division of Radiological Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helmut R. Maecke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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13
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Abuqbeitah M, Demir M, Uslu-Beşli L, Yeyin N, Sönmezoğlu K. Blood clearance and occupational exposure for 177Lu-DOTATATE compared to 177Lu-PSMA radionuclide therapy. Radiat Environ Biophys 2018; 57:55-61. [PMID: 29149420 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-017-0721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The main target of this work is to examine blood clearance and external exposure for 177Lu-DOTATATE compared with new emerging 177Lu-PSMA therapy. Blood clearance and radiation exposure of 31 patients treated with 5.5 ± 1.1 GBq 177Lu-DOTATATE were compared to those of 23 patients treated with 7.4 GBq 177Lu-PSMA. Dose rates were measured at several distances and time points up to 120 h after treatment. Blood samples were collected conjunctively after infusion. Caregiver's cumulative dose was measured by means of an OSL (optically stimulated luminescence) dosimeter for 4-5 days and medical staff's dose was also estimated using electronic personal dosimeters. Finger dose was determined via ring TLD (Thermoluminescence Dosimeter) for radiopharmacists and nurses. Dose rates due to 177Lu-DOTATATE at a distance of 1 m, 4 h and 6 h after infusion, were 3.0 ± 2.8 and 2 ± 1.9 µSv/(h GBq), respectively, while those due to 177Lu-PSMA were 3.1 ± 0.8 and 2.2 ± 0.9 µSv/(h GBq). Total effective dose of 17 caregivers was 100-200 µSv for 177Lu-DOTATATE therapy. Mean effective doses to nurses and radiopharmacists were 5 and 4 µSv per patient, respectively, while those for physicists and physicians were 2 µSv per patient. For 177Lu-DOTATATE, effective half-life in blood and early elimination phase were 0.31 ± 0.13 and 4.5 ± 1 h, while they were found as 0.4 ± 0.1 and 5 ± 1 h, respectively, for 177Lu-PSMA. The first micturition time following 177Lu-DOTATATE infusion was noted after 36 ± 14 min, while the second and third voiding times were after 74 ± 9 and 128 ± 41 min, respectively. It is concluded that blood clearance and radiation exposure for 177Lu-DOTATATE are very similar to those for 177Lu-PSMA, and both treatment modalities are reasonably reliable for outpatient treatment, since the mean dose rate [2.1 µSv/(h GBq)] decreased below the dose rate that allows release of the patient from the hospital (20 µSv/h) after 6 h at 1 m distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abuqbeitah
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Demir
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lebriz Uslu-Beşli
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nami Yeyin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kerim Sönmezoğlu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Abstract
AIMS Radiolabeled Exendin-4 has been proposed as suitable imaging marker for pancreatic beta cell mass quantification mediated by Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). However, noticeable species variations in basal pancreatic uptake as well as uptake reduction degree due to selective beta cell ablation were observed. METHODS In vitro and ex vivo autoradiography studies of pancreas were performed using [177Lu]Lu-DO3A-VS-Cys40-Exendin4, in order to investigate the mechanism of uptake as well as the islet uptake contrast in mouse, rat, pig, and non-human primate. The autoradiography results were compared to the in vivo pancreatic uptake as assessed by [68Ga]Ga-DO3A-VS-Cys40-Exendin4 Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in the same species. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo data formed the basis for calculating the theoretical in vivo contribution of each pancreatic compartment. RESULTS [177Lu]Lu-DO3A-VS-Cys40-Exendin4 displayed the highest islet-to-exocrine pancreas ratio (IPR) in rat (IPR 45) followed by non-human primate and mouse at similar levels (IPR approximately 5) while pigs exhibited negligible IPR (1.1). In vivo pancreas uptake was mainly GLP-1R mediated in all species, but the magnitude of uptake under basal physiology varied significantly in decreasing order: non-human primate, mouse, pig, and rat. The theoretical calculation of islet contribution to the total pancreatic PET signal predicted the in vivo observation of differences in pancreatic uptake of [68Ga]Ga-DO3A-VS-Cys40-Exendin4. CONCLUSIONS IPR as well as the exocrine GLP-1R density is the main determinants of the species variability in pancreatic uptake. Thus, the IPR in human is an important factor for assessing the potential of GLP-1R as an imaging biomarker for pancreatic beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olof Eriksson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14C, 3tr, SE-751 83, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Rosenström
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14C, 3tr, SE-751 83, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ram K Selvaraju
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14C, 3tr, SE-751 83, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Barbro Eriksson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Irina Velikyan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14C, 3tr, SE-751 83, Uppsala, Sweden.
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15
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Kratochwil C, Schmidt K, Afshar-Oromieh A, Bruchertseifer F, Rathke H, Morgenstern A, Haberkorn U, Giesel FL. Targeted alpha therapy of mCRPC: Dosimetry estimate of 213Bismuth-PSMA-617. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 45:31-37. [PMID: 28891033 PMCID: PMC5700223 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-017-3817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose PSMA-617 is a small molecule targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). In this work, we estimate the radiation dosimetry for this ligand labeled with the alpha-emitter 213Bi. Methods Three patients with metastatic prostate cancer underwent PET scans 0.1 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h and 5 h after injection of 68Ga-PSMA-617. Source organs were kidneys, liver, spleen, salivary glands, bladder, red marrow and representative tumor lesions. The imaging nuclide 68Ga was extrapolated to the half-life of 213Bi. The residence times of 213Bi were forwarded to the instable daughter nuclides. OLINDA was used for dosimetry calculation. Results are discussed in comparison to literature data for 225Ac-PSMA-617. Results Assuming a relative biological effectiveness of 5 for alpha radiation, the dosimetry estimate revealed equivalent doses of mean 8.1 Sv RBE5/GBq for salivary glands, 8.1 Sv RBE5/GBq for kidneys and 0.52 Sv RBE5/GBq for red marrow. Liver (1.2 Sv RBE5/GBq), spleen (1.4 Sv RBE5/GBq), bladder (0.28 Sv RBE5/GBq) and other organs (0.26 SvRBE5/GBq) were not dose-limiting. The effective dose is 0.56 Sv RBE5/GBq. Tumor lesions were in the range 3.2–9.0 SvRBE5/GBq (median 7.6 SvRBE5/GBq). Kidneys would limit the cumulative treatment activity to 3.7 GBq; red marrow might limit the maximum single fraction to 2 GBq. Despite promising results, the therapeutic index was inferior compared to 225Ac-PSMA-617. Conclusions Dosimetry of 213Bi-PSMA-617 is in a range traditionally considered reasonable for clinical application. Nevertheless, compared to 225Ac-PSMA-617, it suffers from higher perfusion-dependent off-target radiation and a longer biological half-life of PSMA-617 in dose-limiting organs than the physical half-life of 213Bi, rendering this nuclide as a second choice radiolabel for targeted alpha therapy of prostate cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00259-017-3817-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Kratochwil
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | - Ali Afshar-Oromieh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Bruchertseifer
- Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, European Commission - Joint Research Centre, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hendrik Rathke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alfred Morgenstern
- Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, European Commission - Joint Research Centre, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Uwe Haberkorn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik L Giesel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Cheki M, Gali H. Primary radiation dosimetry of a novel PET radiopharmaceutical 68Ga-NODAGA-glycine in comparison with 99mTc-DTPA in renal studies. Hell J Nucl Med 2017; 20:241-246. [PMID: 29177263 DOI: 10.1967/s002449910609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we tried to estimate human absorbed dose of 68Ga-NODAGA-glycine as a new potential positron emission tomography (PET) renal agent based on the biodistribution data reported in healthy rats, and compare our estimation with the available absorbed dose data from technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA). SUBJECTS AND METHODS The medical internal radiation dose (MIRD) formulation was applied to extrapolate from rats to human and to project the absorbed radiation dose for various organs in humans. S factor calculated by Monte-Carlo N-particle (MCNP) simulation and also this factor has been taken from the tables presented in MIRD pamphlet No.11. Hence, two radiation absorbed dose were calculated for organs. RESULTS Our dose prediction shows that an 185MBq injection of gallium-68-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1-γ-glutamylglycine-4,7-diacetic acid (68Ga-NODAGA-glycine) in humans might result in an estimated absorbed dose of 0.063mGy in the whole body when S factor calculated by MCNP simulation. The highest absorbed doses are observed in kidneys, lungs, spleen, liver, and red marrow with 3.510, 0.453, 0.335, 0.268, and 0.239mGy, respectively. In addition to, the estimated absorbed dose for total body after injection of 185MBq of 68Ga-NODAGA-glycine is 0.053mGy when S factor has been taken from MIRD pamphlet No.11. The highest absorbed doses are observed in kidneys, lungs, liver, spleen, and red marrow with 3.110, 0.438, 0.209, 0.203, and 0.203mGy, respectively. Comparison between human absorbed dose estimation for 68Ga-NODAGA-glycine and 99mTc-DTPA indicated that the absorbed dose of the most organs after injection of 99mTc-DTPA is higher than the amount after 68Ga-NODAGA-glycine. CONCLUSION The results showed that 68Ga-NODAGA-glycine delivers lower dose to the patients. Also due to its application in PET (which offers higher sensitivity and spatial resolution compared to planar or SPET), 68Ga-NODAGA-glycine would be a superior choice than 99mTc-DTPA for renography and impose less radiation doses to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Cheki
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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17
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Abstract
Radioligand therapy (RLT) directed against prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) enables tumor-specific treatment directed against PSMA-overexpressing prostate cancer cells. Several PSMA ligands such as PSMA-617 or PSMA-I&T have been developed that can be labeled with β‑radiating lutetium-177. These are currently applied in compassionate use programs to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). PSMA-directed RLT is currently being offered in several nuclear medicine departments throughout Germany. Several retrospective case series demonstrate its activity with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decrease >50% in 30-60% of mCRPC patients. The toxicity seems to be low. Hematologic grade 4 toxicity has not been observed and grade 3 toxicities rarely occur. The main nonhematologic adverse events are intermittent dry mouth because of unspecific PSMA expression in the salivary glands as well as fatigue and nausea. Currently there are no prospective studies available for evaluation of PSMA-targeted RLT and a survival benefit over approved standard therapies such as abiraterone, enzalutamide, radium-223-dichloride, docetaxel or cabazitaxel has not been shown. PSMA-targeted RLT should therefore currently only be offered after critical evaluation in patients who exhausted the approved standard therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Heck
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, München, Deutschland.
| | - M Retz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
| | - R Tauber
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
| | - K Knorr
- Institut für Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
| | - C Kratochwil
- Radiologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Abteilung Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - M Eiber
- Institut für Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
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Sun Y, Xiong X, Pandya D, Jung Y, Mintz A, Hayasaka S, Wadas TJ, Li KCP. Enhancing tissue permeability with MRI guided preclinical focused ultrasound system in rabbit muscle: From normal tissue to VX2 tumor. J Control Release 2017; 256:1-8. [PMID: 28412225 PMCID: PMC6047512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is an emerging noninvasive, nonionizing physical energy based modality to ablate solid tumors with high power, or increase local permeability in tissues/tumors in pulsed mode with relatively low power. Compared with traditional ablative HIFU, nondestructive pulsed HIFU (pHIFU) is present in the majority of novel applications recently developed for enhancing the delivery of drugs and genes. Previous studies have demonstrated the capability of pHIFU to change tissue local permeability for enhanced drug delivery in both mouse tumors and mouse muscle. Further study based on bulk tissues in large animals and clinical HIFU system revealed correlation between therapeutic effect and thermal parameters, which was absent in the previous mouse studies. In this study, we further investigated the relation between the therapeutic effect of pHIFU and thermal parameters in bulky normal muscle tissues based on a rabbit model and a preclinical HIFU system. Correlation between therapeutic effect and thermal parameters was confirmed in our study on the same bulk tissues although different HIFU systems were used. Following the study in bulky normal muscle tissues, we further created bulky tumor model with VX2 tumors implanted on both hind limbs of rabbits and investigated the feasibility to enhance tumor permeability in bulky VX2 tumors in a rabbit model using pHIFU technique. A radiolabeled peptidomimetic integrin antagonist, 111In-DOTA-IA, was used following pHIFU treatment in our study to target VX2 tumor and serve as the radiotracer for follow-up single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scanning. The results have shown significantly elevated uptake of 111In-DOTA-IA in the area of VX2 tumors pretreated by pHIFU compared with the control VX2 tumors not being pretreated by pHIFU, and statistical analysis revealed averaged 34.5% enhancement 24h after systematic delivery of 111In-DOTA-IA in VX2 tumors pretreated by pHIFU compared with the control VX2 tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Xiaobing Xiong
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Darpan Pandya
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Youngkyoo Jung
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Satoru Hayasaka
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, SEA 2.214, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Thaddeus J Wadas
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - King C P Li
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Chow LN, Schreiner P, Ng BYY, Lo B, Hughes MR, Scott RW, Gusti V, Lecour S, Simonson E, Manisali I, Barta I, McNagny KM, Crawford J, Webb M, Underhill TM. Impact of a CXCL12/CXCR4 Antagonist in Bleomycin (BLM) Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis and Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151765. [PMID: 26998906 PMCID: PMC4801399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 has been implicated in attenuation of bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury. In pulmonary fibrosis, published reports suggest that collagen production in the injured lung is derived from fibrocytes recruited from the circulation in response to release of pulmonary CXCL12. Conversely, in hepatic fibrosis, resident hepatic stellate cells (HSC), the key cell type in progression of fibrosis, upregulate CXCR4 expression in response to activation. Further, CXCL12 induces HSC proliferation and subsequent production of collagen I. In the current study, we evaluated AMD070, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXCL12/CXCR4 in alleviating BLM-induced pulmonary and CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice. Similar to other CXCR4 antagonists, treatment with AMD070 significantly increased leukocyte mobilization. However, in these two models of fibrosis, AMD070 had a negligible impact on extracellular matrix deposition. Interestingly, our results indicated that CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling has a role in improving mortality associated with BLM induced pulmonary injury, likely through dampening an early inflammatory response and/or vascular leakage. Together, these findings indicate that the CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling axis is not an effective target for reducing fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leola N. Chow
- The Centre for Drug Research and Development, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail: (LNC); (TMU)
| | - Petra Schreiner
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Betina Y. Y. Ng
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bernard Lo
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael R. Hughes
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R. Wilder Scott
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vionarica Gusti
- The Centre for Drug Research and Development, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Samantha Lecour
- The Centre for Drug Research and Development, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eric Simonson
- The Centre for Drug Research and Development, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Irina Manisali
- The Centre for Drug Research and Development, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ingrid Barta
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kelly M. McNagny
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jason Crawford
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Murray Webb
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T. Michael Underhill
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail: (LNC); (TMU)
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Abstract
A novel amino acid derivative 3-(4-(1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine-3-yl) phenyl)-2-aminopropanoic acid was synthesized in this study. The compound possessed better water-solubility and was synthesized more easily compared with the well-known and commercially available 3-(p-benzylamino)-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine. Tetrazine-containing amino acid showed excellent stability in biological media and might be used for cancer cell labeling. Moreover, the compound remained relatively stable in 50% TFA/DCM with little decomposition after prolonged exposure at room temperature. The compound could be utilized as phenylalanine or tyrosine analogue in peptide modification, and the tetrazine-containing peptide demonstrated more significant biological activity than that of the parent peptide. The combination of tetrazine group and amino acid offered broad development prospects of the bioorthogonal labeling and peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiu Ni
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lanxia Zhou
- The Core Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shouliang Dong
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Chakraborty S, Chakravarty R, Vatsa R, Bhusari P, Sarma HD, Shukla J, Mittal BR, Dash A. Toward realization of 'mix-and-use' approach in ⁶⁸Ga radiopharmacy: preparation, evaluation and preliminary clinical utilization of ⁶⁸Ga-labeled NODAGA-coupled RGD peptide derivative. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 43:116-123. [PMID: 26527030 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present article demonstrates a 'mix-and-use' approach for radiolabeling RGD peptide derivative with (68)Ga, which is easily adaptable in hospital radiopharmacy practice. The radiotracer thus formulated was successfully used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of breast cancer in human patients. METHODS The conditions for radiolabeling NODAGA-coupled dimeric cyclic RGD peptide derivative [NODAGA-(RGD)2] with (68)Ga were optimized using (68)Ga obtained from a (68)Ge/(68)Ga generator developed in-house with CeO2-PAN composite sorbent as well as from a commercial (68)Ge/(68)Ga generator obtained from ITG, Germany. Preclinical studies were carried out in C57BL/6 mice bearing melanoma tumors. The radiotracer was prepared in a hospital radiopharmacy using (68)Ga obtained from ITG generator and used for monitoring breast cancer patients by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. RESULTS (68)Ga-NODAGA-(RGD)2 could be prepared with high radiolabeling yield (>98%) and specific activity (~50 GBq/μmol) within 10 min at room temperature by mixing (68)Ga with the solution of the peptide conjugate. In vivo biodistribution studies showed significant uptake (5.24±0.39% ID/g) in melanoma tumor at 30 min post-injection, with high tumor-to-background contrast. The integrin αvβ3 specificity of the tracer was corroborated by blocking study. Preliminary clinical studies in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) patients indicated specifically high tumor uptake (SUVmax 10-15) with good contrast. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the very few reports which presents preliminary clinical data on use of (68)Ga-NODAGA-(RGD)2 and the developed 'mix-and-use' holds tremendous prospect in clinical PET imaging using (68)Ga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Chakraborty
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.
| | - Rubel Chakravarty
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Rakhee Vatsa
- Department of Nuclear Medine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Priya Bhusari
- Department of Nuclear Medine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - H D Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Jaya Shukla
- Department of Nuclear Medine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - B R Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Mikkola K, Yim CB, Fagerholm V, Ishizu T, Elomaa VV, Rajander J, Jurttila J, Saanijoki T, Tolvanen T, Tirri M, Gourni E, Béhé M, Gotthardt M, Reubi JC, Mäcke H, Roivainen A, Solin O, Nuutila P. 64Cu- and 68Ga-labelled [Nle(14),Lys(40)(Ahx-NODAGA)NH2]-exendin-4 for pancreatic beta cell imaging in rats. Mol Imaging Biol 2014; 16:255-63. [PMID: 24101374 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-013-0691-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a molecular target for imaging of pancreatic beta cells. We compared the ability of [Nle(14),Lys(40)(Ahx-NODAGA-(64)Cu)NH2]-exendin-4 ([(64)Cu]NODAGA-exendin-4) and [Nle(14),Lys(40)(Ahx-NODAGA-(68)Ga)NH2]-exendin-4 ([(68)Ga]NODAGA-exendin-4) to detect native pancreatic islets in rodents. PROCEDURES The stability, lipophilicity and affinity of the radiotracers to the GLP-1R were determined in vitro. The biodistribution of the tracers was assessed using autoradiography, ex vivo biodistribution and PET imaging. Estimates for human radiation dosimetry were calculated. RESULTS We found GLP-1R-specific labelling of pancreatic islets. However, the pancreas could not be visualised in PET images. The highest uptake of the tracers was observed in the kidneys. Effective dose estimates for [(64)Cu]NODAGA-exendin-4 and [(68)Ga]NODAGA-exendin-4 were 0.144 and 0.012 mSv/MBq, respectively. CONCLUSION [(64)Cu]NODAGA-exendin-4 might be more effective for labelling islets than [(68)Ga]NODAGA-exendin-4. This is probably due to the lower specific radioactivity of [(68)Ga]NODAGA-exendin-4 compared to [(64)Cu]NODAGA-exendin-4. The radiation dose in the kidneys may limit the use of [(64)Cu]NODAGA-exendin-4 as a clinical tracer.
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23
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Repetto-Llamazares A, Abbas N, Bruland ØS, Dahle J, Larsen RH. Advantage of lutetium-177 versus radioiodine immunoconjugate in targeted radionuclide therapy of b-cell tumors. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:3263-3269. [PMID: 24982330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We herein report a comparison of the radiolabels 177Lu and 125I bound to the monoclonal antibody HH1 that targets the CD37 antigen expressed on non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mixtures of 177Lu and 125I-labeled HH1 antibody were co-injected into nude mice carrying Ramos xenografts and the biodistribution using the paired label format allowing tracer comparisons in each individual mouse. RESULTS Products of the two radionuclides had very similar immunoractivity in vitro but showed different properties in vivo. Both products had relevant stability in blood and most normal tissues in nude mice carrying subcutaneous Ramos xenografts. However, both the tumor uptake and retention were significantly higher for 177Lu vs. 125I labeled HH1. The tumor to normal tissue ratios were several-fold improved for 177Lu compared to radioiodine labeled antibodies. CONCLUSION The data presented herein support the evaluation of CD37 as a target for clinical 177Lu-based radioimmunotherapy against b-cell malignancies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Female
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/pharmacokinetics
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/pharmacology
- Humans
- Immunotoxins/pharmacokinetics
- Immunotoxins/pharmacology
- Iodine Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Iodine Radioisotopes/pharmacology
- Lutetium/pharmacokinetics
- Lutetium/pharmacology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/radiotherapy
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Radioimmunotherapy/methods
- Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Radioisotopes/pharmacology
- Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics
- Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacology
- Tetraspanins/immunology
- Tissue Distribution
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Repetto-Llamazares
- Nordic Nanovector AS, Oslo, Norway Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Norway
| | - Nasir Abbas
- Nordic Nanovector AS, Oslo, Norway Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Norway
| | - Øyvind S Bruland
- Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Norway Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Norway
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24
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De Stasio G, Rajesh D, Casalbore P, Daniels MJ, Erhardt RJ, Frazer BH, Wiese LM, Richter KL, Sonderegger BR, Gilbert B, Schaub S, Cannara RJ, Crawford JF, Gilles MK, Tyliszczak T, Fowler JF, Larocca LM, Howard SP, Mercanti D, Mehta MP, Pallini R. Are gadolinium contrast agents suitable for gadolinium neutron capture therapy? Neurol Res 2013; 27:387-98. [PMID: 15949236 DOI: 10.1179/016164105x17206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gadolinium neutron capture therapy (GdNCT) is a potential treatment for malignant tumors based on two steps: (1) injection of a tumor-specific (157)Gd compound; (2) tumor irradiation with thermal neutrons. The GdNC reaction can induce cell death provided that Gd is proximate to DNA. Here, we studied the nuclear uptake of Gd by glioblastoma (GBM) tumor cells after treatment with two Gd compounds commonly used for magnetic resonance imaging, to evaluate their potential as GdNCT agents. METHODS Using synchrotron X-ray spectromicroscopy, we analyzed the Gd distribution at the subcellular level in: (1) human cultured GBM cells exposed to Gd-DTPA or Gd-DOTA for 0-72 hours; (2) intracerebrally implanted C6 glioma tumors in rats injected with one or two doses of Gd-DOTA, and (3) tumor samples from GBM patients injected with Gd-DTPA. RESULTS In cell cultures, Gd-DTPA and Gd-DOTA were found in 84% and 56% of the cell nuclei, respectively. In rat tumors, Gd penetrated the nuclei of 47% and 85% of the tumor cells, after single and double injection of Gd-DOTA, respectively. In contrast, in human GBM tumors 6.1% of the cell nuclei contained Gd-DTPA. DISCUSSION Efficacy of Gd-DTPA and Gd-DOTA as GdNCT agents is predicted to be low, due to the insufficient number of tumor cell nuclei incorporating Gd. Although multiple administration schedules in vivo might induce Gd penetration into more tumor cell nuclei, a search for new Gd compounds with higher nuclear affinity is warranted before planning GdNCT in animal models or clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelsomina De Stasio
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics and Synchrotron Radiation Center, 3731 Schneider Drive, Stoughton, WI 53589, USA.
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25
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Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide has been recently discovered to have anticancer effects via interaction with cell surface natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA) and natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPRC). In a preclinical model, NPRA expression has been identified during tumor angiogenesis and may serve as a potential prognostic marker and target for prostate cancer (PCa) therapy. However, the presence of NPRC receptor in the PCa model has not yet been assessed. Furthermore, there is still no report using nanoparticle for PCa positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Herein, an amphiphilic comb-like nanoparticle was synthesized with controlled properties through modular construction containing C-atrial natriuretic factor (CANF) for NPRC receptor targeting and 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelator for high specific activity Cu-64 radiolabeling. The pharmacokinetics of (64)Cu-CANF-Comb exhibited tuned biodistribution and optimized in vivo profile in contrast to the nontargeted (64)Cu-Comb nanoparticle. PET imaging with (64)Cu-CANF-Comb in CWR22 PCa tumor model showed high blood pool retention, low renal clearance, enhanced tumor uptake, and decreased hepatic burden relative to the nontargeted (64)Cu-Comb. Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed the presence of NPRC receptor in tumor tissue. Competitive PET receptor blocking study demonstrated the targeting specificity of (64)Cu-CANF-Comb to NPRC receptor in vivo. These results establish a new nanoagent for prostate cancer PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Pressly
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Richard A. Pierce
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Luke A. Connal
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Materials Department and Department of Chemistry, and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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Kamath AV, Williams SP, Bullens S, Cowan KJ, Stenberg Y, Cherry SR, Rendig S, Kukis DL, Griesemer C, Damico-Beyer LA, Bunting S. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of a human monoclonal antibody to oxidized LDL in cynomolgus monkey using PET imaging. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45116. [PMID: 23028793 PMCID: PMC3444451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of a human recombinant IgG1 antibody to oxidized LDL (anti-oxLDL) in cynomolgus monkey. The tissue biodistribution of anti-oxLDL was also investigated using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Methods Anti-oxLDL was conjugated with the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane 1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) and radiolabeled by chelation of radioactive copper-64 (64Cu) for detection by PET. Anti-oxLDL was administered as a single intravenous (IV) dose of 10 mg/kg (as a mixture of radiolabeled and non-labeled material) to two male and two female cynomolgus monkeys. Serum samples were collected over 29 days. Two ELISA methods were used to measure serum concentrations of anti-oxLDL; Assay A was a ligand binding assay that measured free anti-oxLDL (unbound and partially bound forms) and Assay B measured total anti-oxLDL. The biodistribution was observed over a 48-hour period following dose administration using PET imaging. Results Anti-oxLDL serum concentration-time profiles showed a biphasic elimination pattern that could be best described by a two-compartment elimination model. The serum concentrations obtained using the two ELISA methods were comparable. Clearance values ranged from 8 to 17 ml/day/kg, while beta half-life ranged from 8 to12 days. The initial volume of distribution and volume of distribution at steady state were approximately 55 mL/kg and 150 mL/kg, respectively. PET imaging showed distribution predominantly to the blood pool, visible as the heart and great vessels in the trunk and limbs, plus diffuse signals in the liver, kidney, spleen, and bone marrow. Conclusions The clearance of anti-oxLDL is slightly higher than typical IgG1 antibodies in cynomolgus monkeys. The biodistribution pattern appears to be consistent with an antibody that has no large, rapid antigen sink outside the blood space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita V Kamath
- Genentech Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA.
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Roosenburg S, Laverman P, Joosten L, Eek A, Rutjes FPJT, van Delft FL, Boerman OC. In vitro and in vivo characterization of three 68Ga- and 111In-labeled peptides for cholecystokinin receptor imaging. Mol Imaging 2012; 11:401-407. [PMID: 22954184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors are overexpressed in several human tumor types, such as medullary thyroid carcinomas and small cell lung cancers. Several ligands for the CCK2 receptor (CCK2R) have been developed for radionuclide targeting of these tumors. In this study, we evaluated whether radiolabeled DOTA-sCCK8 and its stabilized derivative, DOTA-sCCK8[Phe(2)(p-CH2SO3H), Nle(3,6)], are suitable for imaging of CCK2R-positive tumors, using DOTA-MG0 as a reference. In vivo targeting of CCK2R-positive tumors with DOTA-sCCK8, DOTA-sCCK8[Phe(2)(p-CH2SO3H), Nle(3,6)], and DOTA-MG0, labeled with (111)In or (68)Ga, was evaluated in BALB/c nude mice with a subcutaneous A431-CCK2R tumor. Biodistribution studies and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) were performed at 1 hour postinjection. All peptides specifically accreted in the CCK2R-expressing tumors. Both (111)In-DOTA-sCCK8 and (111)In-DOTA-sCCK8[Phe(2)(p-CH2SO3H), Nle(3,6)] showed good tumor retention (4.65% ID/g and 5.44% ID/g, respectively, at 4 hours postinjection). On PET/computed tomographic (CT) and SPECT/CT scans, subcutaneous A431-CCK2R tumors were clearly visualized with low uptake of sCCK8 peptides in the intestines. Whereas radiolabeled DOTA-MG0 showed high kidney uptake (70% ID/g), the sCCK8 peptides showed low uptake in the kidneys. Sulfated CCK8 analogues combined high tumor uptake with low retention in the kidney and are therefore promising tracers for imaging of CCK2R-positive tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Gallium Radioisotopes/chemistry
- Gallium Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/chemistry
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/pharmacokinetics
- Humans
- Indium Radioisotopes/chemistry
- Indium Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Kidney/chemistry
- Kidney/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Molecular Imaging/instrumentation
- Molecular Imaging/methods
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnostic imaging
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Peptides/chemistry
- Peptides/pharmacokinetics
- Positron-Emission Tomography
- Radiopharmaceuticals/chemistry
- Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics
- Receptor, Cholecystokinin B/analysis
- Receptor, Cholecystokinin B/metabolism
- Statistics, Nonparametric
- Tissue Distribution
- Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Roosenburg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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28
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Mishra G, Panwar P, Mishra AK. Tumor targeting using anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (ior egf/r3) immunoconjugate with a tetraaza macrocyclic agent (DO3A-EA). Mol Imaging 2012; 11:408-416. [PMID: 22954185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling inhibition represents a highly promising arena for the application of molecularly targeted cancer therapies. EGFR conjugated metal chelates have been proposed as potential imaging agents for cancers that overexpress EGFR receptors. Through improved understanding of EGFR biology in human cancers, there is anticipation that more tumor-selective therapy approaches with diminished collateral normal tissue toxicity can be advanced. We report here on the results with a thermodynamically stable chelate, 1,4,7-tris(carboxymethyl)-10-(2-aminoethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO3A-EA) and anti-EGFr (ior egf/r3) conjugate to develop immunospecific imaging agent. Conjugation and labelling with anti-EGFr was performed using standard procedure and subjected to purification on size exclusion chromatography. The conjugated antibodies were labeled with a specific activity 20-30 mCi/mg of protein. Labeling efficiencies were measured by ascending paper chromatography on ITLC-SG strips. Radiolabeling of the immunoconjugate was found to be 98.5 ± 0.30%. (99m)Tc-DO3A-EA-EGFr conjugate was studied in athymic mice bearing U-87MG, MDA-MB-468 tumors following intravenous injection. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies confirmed long circulation times (t(1/2)(fast) = 45 min and t1/2(slow) = 4 hours 40 min) and efficient accumulation in tumors. Biodistribution studies in athymic mice grafted with U-87MG human glioblastoma multiforme and Hela human cervical carcinoma tumors revealed significant localization of (99m)Tc-labeled antibodies conjugate in tumors and reduced accumulation in normal organs. This new chelating agent is promising for immunoscintigraphy since good tumour-to-normal organ contrast could be demonstrated. These properties can be exploited for immunospecifc contrast agents in nuclear medicine and SPECT imaging.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chelating Agents/chemistry
- Contrast Media/chemistry
- Drug Delivery Systems/methods
- Drug Stability
- ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- ErbB Receptors/immunology
- Glioma/drug therapy
- Glioma/immunology
- Glioma/metabolism
- HeLa Cells
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/administration & dosage
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/chemistry
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/pharmacokinetics
- Humans
- Immunotoxins/administration & dosage
- Immunotoxins/chemistry
- Immunotoxins/immunology
- Immunotoxins/pharmacokinetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Molecular Imaging/methods
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Rabbits
- Radionuclide Imaging
- Technetium
- Whole Body Imaging
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Mishra
- Department of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi-110054, India
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Seo J, Ren G, Liu H, Miao Z, Park M, Wang Y, Miller TM, Barron AE, Cheng Z. In vivo biodistribution and small animal PET of (64)Cu-labeled antimicrobial peptoids. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1069-79. [PMID: 22486390 PMCID: PMC3410980 DOI: 10.1021/bc300091d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Peptoids are a rapidly developing class of biomimetic polymers based on oligo-N-substituted glycine backbones, designed to mimic peptides and proteins. Inspired by natural antimicrobial peptides, a group of cationic amphipathic peptoids has been successfully discovered with potent, broad-spectrum activity against pathogenic bacteria; however, there are limited studies to address the in vivo pharmacokinetics of the peptoids. Herein, (64)Cu-labeled DOTA conjugates of three different peptoids and two control peptides were synthesized and assayed in vivo by both biodistribution studies and small animal positron emission tomography (PET). The study was designed in a way to assess how structural differences of the peptidomimetics affect in vivo pharmacokinetics. As amphipathic molecules, major uptake of the peptoids occurred in the liver. Increased kidney uptake was observed by deleting one hydrophobic residue in the peptoid, and (64)Cu-3 achieved the highest kidney uptake of all the conjugates tested in this study. In comparison to peptides, our data indicated that peptoids had general in vivo properties of higher tissue accumulation, slower elimination, and higher in vivo stability. Different administration routes (intravenous, intraperitoneal, and oral) were investigated with peptoids. When administered orally, the peptoids showed poor bioavailability, reminiscent of that of peptide. However, remarkably longer passage through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract without rapid digestion was observed for peptoids. These unique in vivo properties of peptoids were rationalized by efficient cellular membrane permeability and protease resistance of peptoids. The results observed in the biodistribution studies could be confirmed by PET imaging, which provides a reliable way to evaluate in vivo pharmacokinetic properties of peptoids noninvasively and in real time. The pharmacokinetic data presented here can provide insight for further development of the antimicrobial peptoids as pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Seo
- School of General Studies, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Ren
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, California, 94305-5344, USA
| | - Hongguang Liu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, California, 94305-5344, USA
| | - Zheng Miao
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, California, 94305-5344, USA
| | - Minyoung Park
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, California, 94305-5440, USA
| | - Yihong Wang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, California, 94305-5344, USA
| | - Tyler M. Miller
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, California, 94305-5440, USA
| | - Annelise E. Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, California, 94305-5440, USA
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, California, 94305-5344, USA
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Hall MA, Kwon S, Robinson H, Lachance PA, Azhdarinia A, Ranganathan R, Price RE, Chan W, Sevick-Muraca EM. Imaging prostate cancer lymph node metastases with a multimodality contrast agent. Prostate 2012; 72:129-46. [PMID: 21538422 DOI: 10.1002/pros.21413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methods to detect lymph node (LN) metastases in prostate cancer (PCa) are limited. Pelvic LN dissection is commonly performed during prostatectomy, but often followed by morbid complications. More refined methods for detecting LN invasion are needed. METHODS We developed a dual-labeled targeting agent having a near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore for intraoperative guidance, and a conventional radiotracer for detection of LN metastasis. Nu/Nu mice were orthotopically implanted with DsRed-expressing human PCa (PC3) cells. Antibody (Ab) specific for epithelial cell adhesion molecule was conjugated to DOTA, IRDye 800CW, and radiolabeled with (64) Cu. Dual-labeled Ab was administered intravenously at 10-12 weeks post-implantation, and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and fluorescence imaging were performed within 18-24 hr. RESULTS Metastasis to lumbar LNs was detected by DsRed fluorescence imaging, as well as pathology, in 75% of mice having pathology-confirmed primary prostate tumors. These metastases were also detected by NIR fluorescence imaging. In some cases, metastases to sciatic, medial, renal, and axillary nodes were also detected. For all LNs examined, no significant differences were found between the percentages of metastases detected by NIR imaging (63%) and µPET/CT (64%) (P = 0.93), or between those detected by DsRed imaging (25%) and pathological examination (19%) (P = 0.12). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that a multimodality contrast agent is useful for early detection of metastatic disease, and has applications for intraoperative PCa treatment. Further agent optimization is necessary to enhance specificity, and provide validation for prostate and other LN metastasizing epithelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary A Hall
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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31
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Kushwaha HN, Gautam N, Singh SK. Liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometric assay for simultaneous quantification of compound 97/78 and its in vivo metabolite 97/63, a novel trioxane antimalarial, in human plasma and its application to a protein binding study. Arzneimittelforschung 2011; 61:425-432. [PMID: 21899212 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1296222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive, selective and specific LC-MS/ MS assay for simultaneous quantification of compound 97/78 and its active in vivo metabolite 97/63, a novel 1,2,4-trioxane antimalarial, in human plasma has been developed and validated using alpha-arteether as internal standard (IS). Extraction from plasma involves a simple protein precipitation method. The analytes were chromatographed on a Columbus C18 column with guard by isocratic elution with acetonitrile:ammonium acetate buffer (10 mM, pH 4.0) (80:20 v/v) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.45 mL min(-1) and analyzed in multiple reaction-monitoring (MRM) positive ion mode. The chromatographic run time was 4.0 min. The weighted (1/x2) calibration curves were linear over a range of 1.56-200 ng mL(-1) with correlation coefficients > 0.998. For both analytes, the limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) were 0.5 ng mL(-1) and 1.56 ng mL(-1), respectively. The recovery of 97/78, 97/63 and IS from spiked control samples were > 90% and their matrix suppression obtained were < 8 %. The accuracy (% bias) and precision (%RSD) for both analytes were < 6.78%. Both analytes were stable after three freeze-thaw cycles (% deviation < 12.80), long-term for 30 days in plasma at -60 degrees C (% deviation < 14.38), for 8 h on bench top in plasma at ambient temperature (% deviation < 1.52) and also in the auto-sampler for 12 h (% deviation < 3.9%). The validated method was successfully applied to a protein binding study of compound 97/78 and metabolite 97/63 in human plasma. Furthermore, the validated method will be applicable to pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and metabolism in various clinical phases and in drug interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Narayan Kushwaha
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow, India
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Traub-Weidinger T, Von Guggenberg E, Dobrozemsky G, Kendler D, Eisterer W, Bale R, Putzer D, Gabriel M, Virgolini I. Preliminary experience with (68)Ga-DOTA-lanreotide positron emission tomography. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2010; 54:52-60. [PMID: 20168286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM Positron emission tomography (PET) of (68)Ga-radiolabelled (SST) somatostatin receptor (R) binding peptides has recently been evaluated in SSTR positive tumor patients. First promising results in lung and thyroid tumor patients with (111)In-DOTA-Lanreotide (DOTA-LAN) scintigraphy have been described. We report our first experience with (68)Ga-labeled DOTA-LAN. METHODS Eleven patients (3 non small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], 3 small cell lung cancer [SCLC], 3 radioiodine negative thyroid cancer, 2 medullary thyroid cancer [MTC]) were investigated. After intravenous injection of 75-150 MBq (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN dynamic studies were acquired over the tumor site for the first 40 min with a dedicated PET scanner in 3 patients, and 2 partial body scans were acquired at 20 and 50 min p.i. in 2 patients. Whole body acquisitions at 90 min after injection were acquired in all 11 patients. Image reconstruction was performed by iterative reconstruction utilizing additional transmission scans for attenuation correction. Vital parameters were recorded during the PET study and up to 24 h p.i. Blood and urinary sampling was done up to 4 hr after tracer injection in 8 patients. PET results were compared to conventional imaging techniques (CIT), i.e. computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In 5 patients, (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN was compared with 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG). RESULTS After intravenous (i.v.) injection of (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN the radioactivity in the blood rapidly decreased to less then 20% of the injected dose (ID) within the first 20 min and further decreased to less than 9% ID after 4 h. A cumulative urinary excretion of (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN up to 29.2 + or - 13.2% ID at 4 h was found. No acute side effects were observed. Tumor sites were visualized already during the first min after injection. Comparison of positron emission tomography (PET) and CIT showed concordant results in 3/8 patients and partial concordant results in 5/8 patients with matched results for the primary/recurrent tumor, mediastinal lymph nodes, or adrenal gland metastases. Partial concordant results were seen for the lung, bone, liver and cervical lymph node metastases. Micronodular metastases of the lung and the cerebrum were not visualized by (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN PET. The maximal standardized uptake values of the lung and bone tumor lesions ranged from 6 to 8 g/ml at 90 min p.i.. CONCLUSIONS (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN visualized the majority of tumor lesions. Further studies are required to assess the clinical value, and to obtain the best imaging protocol of this new PET SSTR tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Traub-Weidinger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Liu D, Overbey D, Watkinson LD, Daibes-Figueroa S, Hoffman TJ, Forte LR, Volkert WA, Giblin MF. In vivo imaging of human colorectal cancer using radiolabeled analogs of the uroguanylin peptide hormone. Anticancer Res 2009; 29:3777-3783. [PMID: 19846908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uroguanylin is an endogenous peptide agonist that binds to the guanylate cyclase C receptor (GC-C). GC-C is overexpressed in human colorectal cancer (CRC), and exposure of GC-C-expressing cells to GC-C agonists results in cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of such compounds. This study describes the first use of radiolabeled uroguanylin analogs for in vivo detection of CRC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The peptides uroguanylin and E(3)-uroguanylin were N-terminally labeled with the DOTA chelating group via NHS ester activation and characterized by RP-HPLC, ESI-MS, and GC-C receptor binding assays. The purified conjugates were radiolabeled with In-111 and used for in vivo biodistribution and SPECT imaging studies. In vivo experiments were carried out using SCID mice bearing T84 human colorectal cancer tumor xenografts. RESULTS Alteration of the position 3 aspartate residue to glutamate resulted in increased affinity for GC-C, with IC(50) values of 5.0+/-0.3 and 9.6+/-2.9 nM for E(3)-uroguanylin and DOTA-E(3)-uroguanylin, respectively. In vivo, (111)In-DOTA-E(3)-uroguanylin demonstrated tumor uptake of 1.17+/-0.23 and 0.61+/-0.07% ID/g at 1 and 4 h post injection, respectively. The specificity of tumor localization was demonstrated by coinjection of 3 mg/kg unlabeled E(3)-uroguanylin, which reduced tumor uptake by 69%. Uptake in kidney, however, was dramatically higher for the uroguanylin peptides than for previously characterized radiolabeled E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STh) analogs targeting GC-C, and was also inhibited by coinjection of unlabeled peptide in a fashion not previously observed. CONCLUSION Use of uroguanylin-targeting vectors for in vivo imaging of colorectal cancers expressing GC-C resulted in tumor uptake that paralleled that of higher affinity heat-stable enterotoxin peptides, but also resulted in increased kidney uptake in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijie Liu
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Research Service Room A004, 800 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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Hausner SH, Kukis DL, Gagnon MKJ, Stanecki CE, Ferdani R, Marshall JF, Anderson CJ, Sutcliffe JL. Evaluation of [64Cu]Cu-DOTA and [64Cu]Cu-CB-TE2A chelates for targeted positron emission tomography with an alphavbeta6-specific peptide. Mol Imaging 2009; 8:111-121. [PMID: 19397856 PMCID: PMC4287215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant upregulation of the integrin alpha(v)beta(6) has been described as a prognostic indicator in several cancers, making it an attractive target for tumor imaging. This study compares variants of a PEGylated alpha(v)beta(6)-targeting peptide, bearing either an [(18)F]fluorobenzoyl prosthetic group ([(18)F]FBA-PEG-A20FMDV2) or different [(64)Cu]copper chelators (DOTA-PEG-A20FMDV2, CB-TE2A-PEG-A20FMDV2). The compounds were evaluated in vitro by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (against the integrin alpha(v)beta(6) and the closely related integrin alpha(v)beta(3)) and by cell labeling (alpha(v)beta(6)-positive DX3purobeta6/alpha(v)beta(6)-negative DX3puro) and in vivo using micro-positron emission tomography in a mouse model bearing paired DX3purobeta6/Dx3puro xenografts. In vitro, all three compounds showed excellent alpha(v)beta(6)-specific binding (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)](alpha(v)beta(6)) = 3 to 6 nmol/L; IC(50)(alpha(v)beta(3)) > 10 micromol/L). In vivo, they displayed comparable, preferential uptake for the alpha(v)beta(6)-expressing xenograft over the alpha(v)beta(6)-negative control (> 4:1 ratio at 4 hours postinjection). Whereas [(64)Cu]Cu-DOTA-PEG-A20FMDV2 resulted in increased levels of radioactivity in the liver, [(64)Cu]Cu-CB-TE2A-PEG-A20FMDV2 did not. Significantly, both (64)Cu-labeled tracers showed unexpectedly high and persistent levels of radioactivity in the kidneys (> 40% injected dose/g at 4 and 12 hours postinjection). The findings underscore the potential influence of the prosthetic group on targeted in vivo imaging of clinically relevant markers such as alpha(v)beta(6). Despite identical targeting peptide moiety and largely equal in vitro behavior, both (64)Cu-labeled tracers displayed inferior pharmacokinetics, making them in their present form less suitable candidates than the (18)F-labeled tracer for in vivo imaging of alpha(v)beta(6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven H Hausner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Miot-Noirault E, Vidal A, Auzeloux P, Madelmont JC, Maublant J, Moins N. First In Vivo SPECT Imaging of Mouse Femorotibial Cartilage Using 99mTc-NTP 15-5. Mol Imaging 2008; 7:263-271. [PMID: 19123996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to report the first single-photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) imaging of articular cartilage in mice using 99mTc-NTP 15-5 radiotracer. Mice intravenously injected with 99mTc-NTP 15-5 were submitted to (1) dynamic planar imaging, (2) static planar imaging, (3) 1 mm pinhole SPECT acquisition, and (4) dissection. Tomographic reconstruction of SPECT data was performed with a three-dimensional ordered subset expectation maximization algorithm, and slices were reconstructed in three axes. 99mTc-NTP 15-5 rapidly accumulated in the joint, with a peak of radioactivity being reached from 5 minutes postinjection and maintained for at least 90 minutes. Given that bone and muscle did not show any accumulation of the tracer, highly contrasted joint imaging was obtained from 15 minutes postinjection. When 1 mm pinhole SPECT acquisition was focused on the knee, the medial and lateral compartments of both the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were highly delineated, allowing a separate quantitation of tracer accumulation within each component of the femorotibial joint. A good correlation was found between tracer uptake determined by region of interest analysis of both planar and SPECT scans and dissection. This new approach to imaging of cartilage in mice provides joint functionality assessment in vivo, giving a unique opportunity to achieve a greater understanding of cartilage physiology in health and disease.
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Smith-Jones PM, Pandit-Taskar N, Cao W, O'Donoghue J, Philips MD, Carrasquillo J, Konner JA, Old LJ, Larson SM. Preclinical radioimmunotargeting of folate receptor alpha using the monoclonal antibody conjugate DOTA-MORAb-003. Nucl Med Biol 2008; 35:343-51. [PMID: 18355690 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2007] [Revised: 12/11/2007] [Accepted: 12/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The in vitro and in vivo behavior of the radiolabeled monoclonal antibody MORAb-003 was investigated as a prelude to a clinical trial. METHODS The cellular retention of 111In- and 131I-labeled MORAb-003 was investigated using IGROV1 and SW620 cells. Biodistribution studies in tumor-bearing mice were performed with the more favorable agent. RESULTS Five 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N",N'"-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) molecules were conjugated to MORAb-003 with no apparent loss of immunoreactivity. Radiolabeled MORAb-003 had a high affinity for the folate receptor alpha (FRA) expressed by both IGROV1 and SW620 cells and was found to bind to around 8 x 10(5) and 7 x 10(5) sites/cell, respectively. Both cancer cell lines were found to internalize both 131I- and 111In-labeled MORAb-003, but 111In was retained and 131I was released as iodide. In athymic mice, 111In-DOTA-MORAb-003 was cleared from the blood with a single exponential biological clearance rate of 110 h. The uptake in SW620 tumors was 32+/-5%ID/g after 4 days. The clearance rate of activity from normal organs such as liver, kidney and spleen was similar to the blood clearance and was 5.36%ID/g, 4.03%ID/g and 4.36%ID/g at 1 day postinjection and 2.14%ID/g, 1.65%ID/g and 3.74%ID/g after 8 days, respectively. In a pilot clinical study, the biodistribution and tumor targeting of 111In-MORAb-003 was assessed in three patients undergoing treatment with cold MORAb-003. CONCLUSION MORAb-003 is an attractive antibody for radioimmunoscintigraphy and possibly radioimmunotherapy of FRA-expressing cancers in addition to its potential direct therapeutic effects.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Biological Transport, Active
- Carrier Proteins/analysis
- Carrier Proteins/chemistry
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Female
- Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/pharmacokinetics
- Humans
- Immunoconjugates/pharmacokinetics
- Indium Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Iodine Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Male
- Metabolic Clearance Rate
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnostic imaging
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/diagnostic imaging
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pilot Projects
- Radiography
- Radioimmunodetection/methods
- Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/analysis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Smith-Jones
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Box 77, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Cao YJ, Flexner CW, Dunaway S, Park JG, Klingman K, Wiggins I, Conley J, Radebaugh C, Kashuba AD, MacFarland R, Becker S, Hendrix CW. Effect of low-dose ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of the CXCR4 antagonist AMD070 in healthy volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008; 52:1630-4. [PMID: 18285477 PMCID: PMC2346642 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01460-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2007] [Revised: 01/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AMD070, a CXCR4 antagonist, has demonstrated antiretroviral activity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Since AMD070 is a substrate of cytochrome P450 3A4 and P-glycoprotein, both of which may be affected by ritonavir, we tested for a ritonavir effect on AMD070 pharmacokinetics. Subjects were given a single 200-mg dose of AMD070 on days 1, 3, and 17. Ritonavir (100 mg every 12 h) was dosed from day 3 to day 18. Blood samples to test for AMD070 concentrations were collected over 48 h after each administration of AMD070. Twenty-three male subjects were recruited. Among them, 21 completed the study, and 2 were discontinued for reasons other than safety. All adverse events were grade 2 or lower. AMD070 alone had the following pharmacokinetic features, given as medians (ranges): 3 h (0.5 to 4 h) for the time to peak blood concentration, 256 ng/ml (41 to 845 ng/ml) for the peak concentration (C(max)), 934 h x ng/ml (313 to 2,127 h x ng/ml) for the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 h to infinity (AUC(0-infinity)), 214 liters/h (94 to 639 liters/h) for apparent body clearance, and 4,201 liters (1,996 to 9,991 liters) for the apparent volume of distribution based on the terminal phase. The initial doses of ritonavir increased the C(max) of AMD070 [geometric mean (90% confidence interval)] by 39% (3 to 89%) and the AUC(0-infinity) by 60% (29 to 100%). After 14 days of ritonavir dosing, the pharmacokinetic changes in AMD070 persisted. The plasma pharmacokinetics of ritonavir were consistent with previous reports. It is concluded that AMD070 concentrations were increased with concomitant ritonavir dosing for 14 days in healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jun Cao
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Cai W, Wu Y, Chen K, Cao Q, Tice DA, Chen X. In vitro and in vivo characterization of 64Cu-labeled Abegrin, a humanized monoclonal antibody against integrin alpha v beta 3. Cancer Res 2007; 66:9673-81. [PMID: 17018625 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abegrin (MEDI-522 or Vitaxin), a humanized monoclonal antibody against human integrin alpha(v)beta(3), is in clinical trials for cancer therapy. In vivo imaging using Abegrin-based probes is needed for better treatment monitoring and dose optimization. Here, we conjugated Abegrin with macrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7,10-tetra-azacylododecane N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic (DOTA) at five different DOTA/Abegrin ratios. The conjugates were labeled with (64)Cu (half-life = 12.7 hours) and tested in three human (U87MG, MDA-MB-435, and PC-3) and one mouse (GL-26) tumor models. The in vitro and in vivo effects of these (64)Cu-DOTA-Abegrin conjugates were evaluated. The number of DOTA per Abegrin varied from 1.65 +/- 0.32 to 38.53 +/- 5.71 and the radiolabeling yield varied from 5.20 +/- 3.16% to 88.12 +/- 6.98% (based on 2 mCi (64)Cu per 50 microg DOTA-Abegrin conjugate). No significant difference in radioimmunoreactivity was found among these conjugates (between 59.78 +/- 1.33 % and 71.13 +/- 2.58 %). Micro-positron emission tomography studies revealed that (64)Cu-DOTA-Abegrin (1,000:1) had the highest tumor activity accumulation (49.41 +/- 4.54% injected dose/g at 71-hour postinjection for U87MG tumor). The receptor specificity of (64)Cu-DOTA-Abegrin was confirmed by effective blocking of MDA-MB-435 tumor uptake with coadministration of nonradioactive Abegrin. (64)Cu-DOTA-IgG exhibited background level tumor uptake at all time points examined. Integrin alpha(v)beta(3)-specific tumor imaging using (64)Cu-DOTA-Abegrin may be translated into the clinic to characterize the pharmacokinetics, tumor targeting efficacy, dose optimization, and dose interval of Abegrin and/or Abegrin conjugates. Chemotherapeutics or radiotherapeutics using Abegrin as the delivering vehicle may also be effective in treating integrin alpha(v)beta(3)-positive tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/chemistry
- Adenocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/analysis
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/immunology
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/analysis
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Breast Neoplasms/chemistry
- Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor/diagnostic imaging
- Cell Line, Tumor/transplantation
- Chelating Agents/administration & dosage
- Chelating Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Copper Radioisotopes/administration & dosage
- Copper Radioisotopes/analysis
- Copper Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Female
- Glioblastoma/chemistry
- Glioblastoma/diagnostic imaging
- Glioblastoma/pathology
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/administration & dosage
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/pharmacokinetics
- Humans
- Immunoconjugates/analysis
- Immunoconjugates/immunology
- Immunoconjugates/pharmacokinetics
- Integrin alphaVbeta3/analysis
- Integrin alphaVbeta3/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Proteins/analysis
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Organometallic Compounds/analysis
- Organometallic Compounds/immunology
- Organometallic Compounds/pharmacokinetics
- Positron-Emission Tomography
- Prostatic Neoplasms/chemistry
- Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Radiography
- Radioimmunodetection
- Radiometry
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Cai
- The Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5484, USA
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Rosen G, Lotufo GR. Toxicity of explosive compounds to the marine mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, in aqueous exposures. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2007; 68:228-36. [PMID: 17475328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2007] [Revised: 03/02/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Lethal and sublethal effects of the explosive compounds, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) were assessed in separate water only exposures to the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Toxicity endpoints included survival and byssal thread formation in adults, and larval development success of embryos, in 96- and 48-h exposures, respectively. The larval development endpoint was over an order of magnitude more sensitive to TNT compared to adult survival, with median effective concentration (EC50) values of 0.75 and 19.5mgL(-1) (3.30 and 74.1micromolL(-1)), respectively. Byssal thread formation (48h EC50=6.57mgL(-1); 29.3micromolL(-1)) was also impaired at sublethal concentrations. The highest RDX and HMX concentrations tested (28.4 and 1.9mgL(-1) [124 and 6.43micromolL(-1)], respectively) failed to promote any significant toxicological effect in exposed mussels. Median lethal residues (LR50) of 14.0microg g(-1) (51.0nmolg(-1)) ww for TNT in the adults were similar to those measured for other marine invertebrates in previous studies, while body residues as high as 19.6 and 0.92microg g(-1) (86 and 3.1nmolg(-1)) ww were not associated with any toxicity for RDX and HMX, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunther Rosen
- Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, Environmental Sciences and Applied Systems Branch, 53475 Strothe Road, San Diego, CA 92152, USA.
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Rosen G, Lotufo GR. Bioaccumulation of explosive compounds in the marine mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2007; 68:237-45. [PMID: 17629944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The bioaccumulative potential of the explosive compounds, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) were assessed in water only exposures with the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Toxicokinetics experiments provided uptake rates, elimination rates, biological half-lives, and bioconcentration factors (BCFs). Kinetic BCFs were 1.61, 0.87, and 0.44, for TNT, RDX, and HMX, respectively, and confirmed the expected low bioaccumulative potential of these weakly hydrophobic compounds based on logK(ow). Because apparent steady-state conditions were observed within the 4h uptake period, steady-state BCFs were also calculated, and were within 20% of kinetic BCFs. TNT was rapidly biotransformed to aminodinitrotoluenes within minutes, while no transformation products were measured for RDX or HMX. Uptake clearance rates varied among the compounds, while elimination rates and associated half-lives were extremely fast (0.15-0.49h). It is unlikely, based on these data, that exposure conditions for these explosive compounds in the marine environment pose unacceptable risks to mussels, and it appears that potential for trophic transfer is quite low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunther Rosen
- Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, Environmental Sciences and Applied Systems Branch, 53475 Strothe Road, Code 2375, San Diego, CA 92152, USA.
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Knör S, Modlinger A, Poethko T, Schottelius M, Wester HJ, Kessler H. Synthesis of novel 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclodecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) derivatives for chemoselective attachment to unprotected polyfunctionalized compounds. Chemistry 2007; 13:6082-90. [PMID: 17503419 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A convenient synthesis of novel bifunctional poly(amino carboxylate) chelating agents allowing chemoselective attachment to highly functionalized biomolecules is described. Based on the well known chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclodecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), we synthesized novel bifunctional chelating agents bearing additional functional groups by alkylating 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen) with one equivalent of para-functionalized alkyl 2-bromophenyl-acetate and three equivalents of tert-butyl 2-bromoacetate. The resulting compounds, which contain an additional carbonyl or alkyne functionality, allow site specific labeling of appropriately functionalized unprotected biomolecules in a rapid manner via click reactions. This was demonstrated by the attachment of our new DOTA derivatives to the somatostatin analogue Tyr3-octreotate by chemoselective oxime ligation and CuI-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. Initial biodistribution studies in mice with the radiometalated compound demonstrated the applicability of the described DOTA conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Knör
- Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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Mier W, Zitzmann S, Krämer S, Reed J, Knapp EM, Altmann A, Eisenhut M, Haberkorn U. Influence of Chelate Conjugation on a Newly Identified Tumor-Targeting Peptide. J Nucl Med 2007; 48:1545-52. [PMID: 17704241 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.106.036707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The transfer of peptide sequences identified by screening of phage-displayed libraries to clinical application is often difficult. This study investigated whether coupling of a new peptide, FROP-1, to the chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) resulted in structural restriction and, consequently, improved binding and stability. METHODS The peptide FROP-1 was coupled to the chelator DOTA and labeled with (111)In. The structural changes caused by the addition of the chelator were determined by circular dichroism. The properties of this modified peptide were investigated in in vitro binding assays and monitored for kinetics, competition, and internalization as well as serum stability. A cell-type binding profile was established and the in vivo biodistribution was evaluated in a nude mouse model. RESULTS When compared with the free peptide without chelator, FROPDOTA revealed different cellular uptake kinetics, reaching a maximum at 2 h in vitro. The cells completely accumulated the tracer, and competition experiments revealed that 99.4% (FRO82-2 cells), 98.6% (MCF-7 cells), or 99.3% (average for 3 primary head and neck tumor cell lines) of tracer accumulation could be suppressed, revealing the specificity of this process. The internalization kinetics determined in MCF-7 cells supported this finding: After an incubation time of 180 min, the major fraction of FROPDOTA was trapped intracellularly. Serum stability experiments revealed an increase in stability due to the chelator, with a half-life of 71 min. Circular dichroism measurements indicated a fixed alpha-helix structure of FROPDOTA representing a strong change in secondary structure. In competition binding experiments, the binding constant (K(D)) to FRO82-2 cells was determined to be 494 nM. Despite this avid binding affinity, the binding kinetics were found to be too slow to induce an uptake in vivo before clearance. Consequently, the biodistribution revealed a rapid renal and hepatobiliary clearance, with blood levels dropping from 5.48 +/- 0.26 %ID/g (percentage injected dose per gram) 5 min after injection to 0.77 +/- 0.15 %ID/g at 135 min after injection. CONCLUSION This study revealed that peptides that are identified by display techniques may be underrated. Careful alteration of their structure will permit going beyond the possibilities that the limited pool of naturally occurring peptides provide for tumor targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Mier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Sabbah EN, Kadouche J, Ellison D, Finucane C, Decaudin D, Mather SJ. In vitro and in vivo comparison of DTPA- and DOTA-conjugated antiferritin monoclonal antibody for imaging and therapy of pancreatic cancer. Nucl Med Biol 2007; 34:293-304. [PMID: 17383579 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2006] [Revised: 12/26/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a very poor prognosis with a less than 5% survival rate at 5 years. Neither external beam radiation nor chemotherapy, alone or in combination, have given encouraging results so far. A possible solution might come from the use of targeted therapy such as radioimmunotherapy. We present here the results obtained from the preclinical development of a new monoclonal antiferritin antibody (Ab), AMB8LK. Ferritin is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and could thus be used as a target for the delivery of radioactivity at the tumour sites. The AMB8LK Ab was conjugated to three chelating agents: the 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (PSCN-Bz-DTPA), the (R)-2-amino-3-(4-isothiocyanatophenyl)propyl]-trans-(S,S)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine-pentaacetic acid (p5CN-Bz-CHX-A"-DTPA) and the 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (pSCN-Bz-DOTA). Radiolabelling of the three immunoconjugates with indium 111 and yttrium 90 as well as in vitro stability and immunoreactivity against pure ferritin and cells expressing ferritin were analysed. In vivo biodistribution studies were conducted on normal and on human pancreatic adenocarcinoma CAPAN-1 tumour bearing mice. These experiments demonstrated good radiolabelling (>95%), stability and immunoreactivity of the three compounds. In the biodistribution studies, differences between the three immunoconjugates were apparent in the rate of blood clearance and in tumour, liver and bone uptake. A very good pancreatic adenocarcinoma tumour targeting was observed especially with the Bz-DTPA-AMB8LK: 20% of the injected dose of the indium-labelled compound 3 days after injection; 15% of the injected dose 5 days after that of the yttrium-labelled Ab. Altogether, these results in animal models suggest that (90)Y-Bz-DTPA-AMB8LK is a good candidate for further therapeutic efficacy studies.
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Prasanphanich AF, Nanda PK, Rold TL, Ma L, Lewis MR, Garrison JC, Hoffman TJ, Sieckman GL, Figueroa SD, Smith CJ. [64Cu-NOTA-8-Aoc-BBN(7-14)NH2] targeting vector for positron-emission tomography imaging of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor-expressing tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:12462-7. [PMID: 17626788 PMCID: PMC1914305 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0705347104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiolabeled peptides hold promise as diagnostic/therapeutic targeting vectors for specific human cancers. We report the design and development of a targeting vector, [(64)Cu-NOTA-8-Aoc-BBN(7-14)NH(2)] (NOTA = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid, 8-Aoc = 8-aminooctanoic acid, and BBN = bombesin), having very high selectivity and affinity for the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr). GRPrs are expressed on a variety of human cancers, including breast, lung, pancreatic, and prostate, making this a viable approach toward site-directed localization or therapy of these human diseases. In this study, [NOTA-X-BBN(7-14)NH(2)] conjugates were synthesized, where X = a specific pharmacokinetic modifier. The IC(50) of [NOTA-8-Aoc-BBN(7-14)NH(2)] was determined by a competitive displacement cell-binding assay in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells using (125)I-[Tyr(4)]-BBN as the displacement ligand. An IC(50) of 3.1 +/- 0.5 nM was obtained, demonstrating high binding affinity of [NOTA-8-Aoc-BBN] for the GRPr. [(64)Cu-NOTA-X-BBN] conjugates were prepared by the reaction of (64)CuCl(2) with peptides in buffered aqueous solution. In vivo studies of [(64)Cu-NOTA-8-Aoc-BBN(7-14)NH(2)] in tumor-bearing PC-3 mouse models indicated very high affinity of conjugate for the GRPr. Uptake of conjugate in tumor was 3.58 +/- 0.70% injected dose (ID) per g at 1 h postintravenous injection (p.i.). Minimal accumulation of radioactivity in liver tissue (1.58 +/- 0.40% ID per g, 1 h p.i.) is indicative of rapid renal-urinary excretion and suggests very high in vivo kinetic stability of [(64)Cu-NOTA-8-Aoc-BBN(7-14)NH(2)] with little or no in vivo dissociation of (64)Cu(2+) from the NOTA chelator. Kidney accumulation at 1 h p.i. was 3.79 +/- 1.09% ID per g. Molecular imaging studies in GRPr-expressing tumor models produced high-contrast, high-quality micro-positron-emission tomography images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam F. Prasanphanich
- Departments of *Radiology and
- Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201
| | | | | | - Lixin Ma
- Departments of *Radiology and
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211
- Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201
| | - Michael R. Lewis
- Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Jered C. Garrison
- Internal Medicine, and
- Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201
| | - Timothy J. Hoffman
- Internal Medicine, and
- Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201
| | - Gary L. Sieckman
- Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201
| | - Said D. Figueroa
- Departments of *Radiology and
- Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201
| | - Charles J. Smith
- Departments of *Radiology and
- Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211; and
- **To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Mohsin H, Fitzsimmons J, Shelton T, Hoffman TJ, Cutler CS, Lewis MR, Athey PS, Gulyas G, Kiefer GE, Frank RK, Simon J, Lever SZ, Jurisson SS. Preparation and biological evaluation of 111In-, 177Lu- and 90Y-labeled DOTA analogues conjugated to B72.3. Nucl Med Biol 2007; 34:493-502. [PMID: 17591549 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Revised: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Three 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N",N"'-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) analogues were evaluated for relative in vivo stability when radiolabeled with (111)In, (90)Y and (177)Lu and conjugated to the monoclonal antibody B72.3. The DOTA analogues evaluated were "NHS-DOTA" [N-hydroxysuccinimdyl (NHS) group activating one carboxylate], "Arm-DOTA" (also known as MeO-DOTA; with a p-NCS, o-MeO-benzyl moiety on the methylene group of one acetic acid arm) and "Back-DOTA" (with a p-NCS-benzyl moiety on a backbone methylene group of the macrocycle). The B72.3 was conjugated to the DOTA analogues to increase the retention time of the radioloabeled conjugates in vivo in mice. The serum stability of the various radiometalated DOTA conjugates showed them to have good stability out to 168 h (all >95% except (111)In-NHS-DOTA-B72.3, which was 91% stable). Hydroxyapatite stability for the (111)In and (177)Lu DOTA-conjugates was >95% at 168 h, while the (90)Y DOTA-conjugates were somewhat less stable (between 90% and 95% at 168 h). The biodistribution studies of the radiometalated DOTA-conjugates showed that no significant differences were observed for the (111)In and (177)Lu analogues; however, the (90)Y analogues showed lower stabilities, as evidenced by their increased bone uptake relative to the other two [2-20% injected dose per gram (% ID/g) for (90)Y and 2-8% ID/g for (111)In and (177)Lu]. The lower stability of the (90)Y analogues could be due to the higher beta energy of (90)Y and/or to the larger ionic radius of Y(3+). Based on the bone uptake observed, the (177)Lu-NHS-DOTA-B72.3 had slightly lower stability than the (177)Lu-Arm-DOTA-B72.3 and (177)Lu-Back-DOTA-B72.3, but not significantly at all time points. For (90)Y, the analogue showing the lowest stability based on bone uptake was (90)Y-Arm-DOTA-B72.3, perhaps because of the metal's larger ionic radius and potential steric interactions minimizing effective complexation. The (111)In analogues all showed similar biological distributions at the various time points. This study suggests that care must be taken when evaluating (90)Y-labeled antibodies and in using NHS-DOTA-antibody conjugates with (177)Lu. All evaluations should be extended to time points relevant to the half-life of the radiometal and the therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Mohsin
- Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Borbas KE, Ferreira CSM, Perkins A, Bruce JI, Missailidis S. Design and synthesis of mono- and multimeric targeted radiopharmaceuticals based on novel cyclen ligands coupled to anti-MUC1 aptamers for the diagnostic imaging and targeted radiotherapy of cancer. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:1205-12. [PMID: 17583928 DOI: 10.1021/bc0700741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Targeted radiopharmaceuticals offer the possibility of improved tumor imaging and radiotherapy, with reduced side effects. A variety of monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments have previously been successfully radiolabeled and used in diagnostic imaging and targeted radiotherapy of cancer. Many such antibodies have been shown to recognize the well-characterized MUC1 tumor marker and have recently been in clinical trials. Furthermore, a number of chelators have been synthesized and are currently used as radiopharmaceuticals for imaging and therapy. We now report the synthesis of a novel, cyclen-based ligand with a sulfur-containing arm that offers increased stability of the ligand-metal complex. We have coupled this ligand with previously selected aptamers to the MUC1 tumor marker to generate a novel targeted radiopharmaceutical with improved properties. We have tested the complex against known, commercially available chelators such as MAG3 in model breast cancer systems. To improve the pharmacokinetic properties of the aptamer-based targeted radiopharmaceutical, we have generated multi-aptamer complexes around a central chelator. Such multi-aptamer complexes have increased retention of the complex in circulation, without affecting the lack of immunogenicity of the complex or altering its superior tumor penetration properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Eszter Borbas
- Chemistry Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
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Harris TD, Cheesman E, Harris AR, Sachleben R, Edwards DS, Liu S, Bartis J, Ellars C, Onthank D, Yalamanchili P, Heminway S, Silva P, Robinson S, Lazewatsky J, Rajopadhye M, Barrett J. Radiolabeled divalent peptidomimetic vitronectin receptor antagonists as potential tumor radiotherapeutic and imaging agents. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:1266-79. [PMID: 17579472 DOI: 10.1021/bc070002+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The integrin receptor alphavbeta3 is overexpressed on the endothelial cells of growing tumors and on some tumor cells themselves. A radiolabeled alphavbeta3 antagonists belonging to the quinolin-4-one class of peptidomimetics (TA138) was previously shown to exhibit high affinity for integrin alphavbeta3 and high selectivity versus other integrin receptors. 111In-TA138 exhibited high tumor uptake in the c-neu Oncomouse mammary adenocarcinoma model and produced excellent scintigraphic images. This study describes the synthesis of eight divalent versions of TA138 and their evaluation as potential tumor radiotherapeutic agents. The two main variables in this study were the length of the spacer bridging the biotargeting moieties and the total negative charge of the molecules imparted by the cysteic acid pharmacokinetic modifiers. Receptor affinity was evaluated in a panel of integrin receptor affinity assays, and biodistribution studies using the 111In-labeled derivatives were carried out in the c-neu Oncomouse model. All divalent agents maintained the high receptor affinity and selectivity of TA138, and six of the eight 111In derivatives exhibited blood clearance that was faster than 111In-TA138 at 24 h postinjection (PI). All divalent agents exhibited tumor uptake and retention at 24 h PI that was higher than 111In-TA138. Tumor/organ ratios were improved for most of the divalent agents at 24 h PI in critical nontarget organs marrow, kidney, and liver, with the agents having intermediate-length spacers (29-43 A) showing the largest improvement. As an example, 111In-15 showed tumor uptake of 14.3% ID/g at 24 h PI and tumor/organ ratios as follows: marrow, 3.24; kidney, 7.29; liver, 8.51. A comparison of therapeutic indices for 90Y-TA138 and 177Lu-15 indicate an improved therapeutic index for the divalent agent. The implications for radiotherapeutic applications and the mechanism of this multivalent effect are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Harris
- Discovery Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb Medical Imaging, North, Billerica, Massachusetts 01862, USA.
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48
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Pagel JM, Pantelias A, Hedin N, Wilbur S, Saganic L, Lin Y, Axworthy D, Hamlin DK, Wilbur DS, Gopal AK, Press OW. Evaluation of CD20, CD22, and HLA-DR Targeting for Radioimmunotherapy of B-Cell Lymphomas. Cancer Res 2007; 67:5921-8. [PMID: 17575162 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the promise of radioimmunotherapy using anti-CD20 antibodies (Ab) for the treatment of relapsed patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), most patients treated with conventional doses of (131)I-tositumomab or (90)Y-ibritumomab eventually relapse. We did comparative assessments using conventional radioimmunotherapy targeting CD20, CD22, and HLA-DR on human Ramos, Raji, and FL-18 lymphoma xenografts in athymic mice to assess the potential for improving the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy by targeting other NHL cell surface antigens. Results of biodistribution studies showed significant differences in tumor localization consistent with variable antigenic expression on the different lymphoma cell lines. Interestingly, the radioimmunoconjugate that yielded the best tumor-to-normal organ ratios differed in each tumor model. We also explored administering all three (111)In-1,4,7,10-tetra-azacylododecane N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid antibodies in combination, but discovered, surprisingly, that this approach did not augment the localization of radioactivity to tumors compared with the administration of the best single radiolabeled Ab alone. These data suggest that conventional radioimmunotherapy using anti-CD20, anti-HLA-DR, or anti-CD22 Abs is effective when used singly and provides targeted uptake of radiolabel into the tumor that is dependent on the levels of antigen expression. Improvements in tumor-to-normal organ ratios of radioactivity cannot be achieved using directly labeled Abs in combination but may be afforded by novel pretargeting methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Pagel
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, and Aletheon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
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Parry JJ, Kelly TS, Andrews R, Rogers BE. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of 64Cu-labeled DOTA-linker-bombesin(7-14) analogues containing different amino acid linker moieties. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:1110-7. [PMID: 17503761 DOI: 10.1021/bc0603788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is overexpressed on a variety of tumor types and has been targeted with radiolabeled peptides for detection and therapy of these cancers. Analogues of the 14 amino acid bombesin (BN) peptide have been radiolabeled with both gamma- and positron-emitting radionuclides for detection of GRPR-expressing tumors. We have previously evaluated BN analogues radiolabeled with the positron-emitter, copper-64 (64Cu), that contained various aliphatic linkers placed between the BN peptide and the 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelator. These studies showed that the analogues could be used for positron-emission tomographic (PET) imaging of GRPR-positive tumors in mice but clinical translation would be hindered by significant uptake in background tissues. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if the use of amino acid linkers placed between the DOTA chelate and the BN peptide would reduce nontarget tissue uptake, while maintaining good prostate tumor uptake. The linkers studied utilized three amino acid combinations of glycine (G), serine (S), or glutamic acid (E). In vitro assays in PC-3 cells showed that the glutamic acid-containing linkers had poor binding and internalization, while the other analogues had IC50 values <100 nM and good internalization. In vivo, these same analogues demonstrated tumor-specific uptake and good imaging characteristics that were comparable to, or better than the previously reported 64Cu-labeled DOTA-BN analogues. Overall, this study shows that BN analogues containing amino acid linkers can be used for the PET imaging of GRPR-expressing prostate cancer and that these linkers lead to lower background tissue uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse J Parry
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Stone ND, Dunaway SB, Flexner C, Tierney C, Calandra GB, Becker S, Cao YJ, Wiggins IP, Conley J, MacFarland RT, Park JG, Lalama C, Snyder S, Kallungal B, Klingman KL, Hendrix CW. Multiple-dose escalation study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and biologic activity of oral AMD070, a selective CXCR4 receptor inhibitor, in human subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51:2351-8. [PMID: 17452489 PMCID: PMC1913234 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00013-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AMD070 is an oral CXCR4 antagonist with in vitro activity against X4-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Thirty fasting healthy male volunteers received oral doses of AMD070 ranging from a single 50-mg dose to seven 400-mg doses given every 12 h (q12h). Nine subjects received a 200-mg dose during fasting and prior to a meal. Subjects were monitored for safety and pharmacokinetics. AMD070 was well tolerated, without serious adverse events. Transient headaches (13 subjects) and neurocognitive (8 subjects) and gastrointestinal (7 subjects) symptoms were the most common complaints. Seven subjects had sinus tachycardia, and two were symptomatic. AMD070 plasma concentrations peaked 1 to 2 h after patient dosing. The estimated terminal half-life ranged from 11.2 to 15.9 h among cohorts. Dose proportionality was not demonstrated. Less than 1% of the drug appeared unchanged in the urine. Food reduced the maximum concentration of drug in serum and the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h by 70% and 56%, respectively (P < or = 0.01). A dose-dependent elevation of white blood cells (WBC) demonstrated a maximum twofold increase over baseline (95% confidence interval, 2.0- to 2.1-fold) in an E(max) model. In healthy volunteers, AMD070 was well tolerated and demonstrated mixed-order pharmacokinetics, and food reduced drug exposure. AMD070 induced a dose-related elevation of WBC which was attributed to CXCR4 blockade. Using leukocytosis as a surrogate marker for CXCR4 inhibition, this dose-response relationship suggests that the doses used in this study were active in vivo, though not maximal, throughout the dosing interval. Trough concentrations with the 400-mg dose q12h exceeded the antiviral in vitro 90% effective concentration of AMD070.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimalie D Stone
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Harvey 502, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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