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Thienothiophene Scaffolds as Building Blocks for (Opto)Electronics. ORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/org3040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene and isomeric thieno[2,3-b]thiophene represent fused, bicyclic and electron rich heterocycles. These small planar organic compounds belong to the remarkable family of annulated building blocks for various organic materials. The first part of this review focuses on the synthesis of the primary unsubstituted thienothiophene scaffolds. All synthetic pathways available in the literature, dating from the 19th century, are summarized. The second part is devoted to the applications of the thienothiophene-derived materials across (opto)electronics. Organic light emitting diodes, organic solar cells, organic field-effect transistors and nonlinear optics were identified as the most successful application areas of both thienothiophenes. The fundamental structure-property relationships were evaluated for each particular group of derivatives.
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Li J, Liu Y, Chen Z, Li J, Ji X, Chen L, Huang Y, Liu Q, Li Y. Synthesis of Substituted Thiophenes through Dehydration and Heterocyclization of Alkynols. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3555-3566. [PMID: 35189680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c03114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A protocol was described for obtaining a variety of substituted thiophenes with functional potential via metal-free dehydration and sulfur cyclization of alkynols with elemental sulfur (S8) or EtOCS2K in moderate-to-good yields. The method provides the base-free generation of a trisulfur radical anion (S3•-) and its addition to alkynes as an initiator. This research broadens the applications of S3•- in the synthesis of sulfur-containing heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Zebin Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Xiaoliang Ji
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Yubing Huang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China.,Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yibiao Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
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Liese D, Wenk HH, Lu X, Kleinen J, Haberhauer G. Dirhamnolipid ester - formation of reverse wormlike micelles in a binary (primerless) system. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2820-2830. [PMID: 33281985 PMCID: PMC7684688 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report new dirhamnolipid ester forming reverse wormlike micelles in nonpolar solvents without the addition of any primer. Therefore, these compounds represent a rare case of a binary system showing this gel-like behavior. In this study, the influence of the concentration of the rhamnolipid ester and the ester alkyl chain length on the rheological properties of the reverse wormlike micelles in toluene was investigated in detail. Highly viscoelastic solutions were obtained even at a relatively low concentration of less than 1 wt %. The phase transition temperatures indicate that the formation of reverse wormlike micelles is favored for dirhamnolipid esters with shorter alkyl chain lengths. Oscillatory shear measurements for the viscoelastic samples reveal that the storage modulus (G') and the loss modulus (G'') cross each other and fit the Maxwell model very well in the low-ω region. As is typical for wormlike micelle systems, the normalized Cole-Cole plot of G''/G'' max against G'/G'' max was obtained as a semicircle centered at G'/G'' max = 1. The formation of network structures was also verified by polarized light microscopy. The sample was birefringent at ambient temperature and anisotropic at an elevated temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis yielded a transition enthalpy of about ΔH SG/GS = ±7.2 kJ/mol. This value corresponds to a strong dispersion energy and explains the formation of the highly viscous gels by the entanglement of wormlike micelles through the interaction of the alkyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Liese
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Hans Henning Wenk
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Evonik Industries AG, Goldschmidtstraße 100, D-45139 Essen, Germany
| | - Xin Lu
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Evonik Industries AG, Goldschmidtstraße 100, D-45139 Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen Kleinen
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Evonik Industries AG, Goldschmidtstraße 100, D-45139 Essen, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
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Chen F, Xia Y, Lin R, Gao Y, Xu P, Zhao Y. Copper-Catalyzed Direct Twofold C-P Cross-Coupling of Unprotected Propargylic 1,4-Diols: Access to 2,3-Bis(diarylphosphynyl)-1,3-butadienes. Org Lett 2019; 21:579-583. [PMID: 30608708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first facile and efficient Cu-catalyzed direct coupling of unprotected propargylic diols with H-phosphine oxides was developed, providing a practical approach to access structurally diverse 2,3-bis(diarylphosphynyl)-1,3-butadienes along with the formation of two new P-Csp2 and two new C═C bonds under ligand- and base-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fushan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , Xiamen University , Xiamen , Fujian 361005 , China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , Xiamen University , Xiamen , Fujian 361005 , China
| | - Rongcan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , Xiamen University , Xiamen , Fujian 361005 , China
| | - Yuxing Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , Xiamen University , Xiamen , Fujian 361005 , China
| | - Pengxiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , Xiamen University , Xiamen , Fujian 361005 , China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , Xiamen University , Xiamen , Fujian 361005 , China
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