1
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Hwang J, Zhao Q, Ahmed M, Yakisan AC, Espenship MF, Laskin J, Savoie BM, Mei J. Reductive Doping Inhibits the Formation of Isomerization-Derived Structural Defects in N-doped Poly(benzodifurandione) (n-PBDF). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401465. [PMID: 38346013 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Recently, solution-processable n-doped poly(benzodifurandione) (n-PBDF) has been made through in-situ oxidative polymerization and reductive doping, which exhibited exceptionally high electrical conductivities and optical transparency. The discovery of n-PBDF is considered a breakthrough in the field of organic semiconductors. In the initial report, the possibility of structural defect formation in n-PBDF was proposed, based on the observation of structural isomerization from (E)-2H,2'H-[3,3'-bibenzofuranylidene]-2,2'-dione (isoxindigo) to chromeno[4,3-c]chromene-5,11-dione (dibenzonaphthyrone) in the dimer model reactions. In this study, we present clear evidence that structural isomerization is inhibited during polymerization. We reveal that the dimer (BFD1) and the trimer (BFD2) can be reductively doped by several mechanisms, including hydride transfer, forming charge transfer complexes (CTC) or undergoing an integer charge transfer (ICT) with reactants available during polymerization. Once the hydride transfer adducts, the CTC, or the ICT product forms, structural isomerization can be effectively prevented even at elevated temperatures. Our findings provide a mechanistic understanding of why isomerization-derived structural defects are absent in n-PBDF backbone. It lays a solid foundation for the future development of n-PBDF as a benchmark polymer for organic electronics and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyo Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Qiyuan Zhao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mustafa Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Brett M Savoie
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jianguo Mei
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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2
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Syryamina VN, Wu X, Boulos S, Nyström L, Yulikov M. Pulse EPR spectroscopy and molecular modeling reveal the origins of the local heterogeneity of dietary fibers. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 319:121167. [PMID: 37567691 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing human diet by including dietary fibers would be more efficient when the fibers' chain interactions with other molecules are understood in depth. Thereby, it is important to develop methods for characterizing the fiber chain to be able to monitor its structural alterations upon intermolecular interactions. Here, we demonstrate the utility of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, complemented by simulations in probing the atomistic details of the chain conformations for spin-labeled fibers. Barley β-glucan, a native polysaccharide with linear chain, was utilized as a test fiber system to demonstrate the technique's capabilities. Pulse dipolar EPR data show good agreement with results of the fiber chain modeling, revealing sinuous chain conformations and providing polymer shape descriptors: the gyration tensor, spin-spin distance distribution function, and information about proton density near the spin probe. Results from EPR measurements point to the fiber aggregation in aqueous solution, which agrees with the results of the dynamic light scattering. We propose that the combination of pulse EPR measurements with modeling can be a perfect experimental tool for in-depth structural investigation of dietary fibers and their interaction under such conditions, and that the presented methodology can be extended to other weakly ordered or disordered macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria N Syryamina
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Samy Boulos
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Laura Nyström
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Maxim Yulikov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg, 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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3
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Andreozzi L, Martinelli E. An Electron Spin Resonance Study Comparing Nanometer-Nanosecond Dynamics in Diblock Copolymers and Their Poly(methyl Methacrylate) Binary Blends. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4195. [PMID: 37896439 PMCID: PMC10611165 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Block copolymers are a class of materials that are particularly interesting with respect to their capability to self-assemble in ordered structures. In this context, the coupling between environment and dynamics is particularly relevant given that movements at the molecular level influence various properties of macromolecules. Mixing the polymer with a second macromolecule appears to be an easy method for studying these relationships. In this work, we studied blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and a block copolymer composed of PMMA as the first block and poly(3-methyl-4-[6-(methylacryloyloxy)-hexyloxy]-4'-pentyloxy azobenzene) as the second block. The relaxational properties of these blends were investigated via electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, which is sensitive to nanometric length scales. The results of the investigations on the blends were related to the dynamic behavior of the copolymers. At the nanoscale, the study revealed the presence of heterogeneities, with slow and fast dynamics available for molecular reorientation, which are further modulated by the ability of the block copolymers to form supramolecular structures. For blends, the heterogeneities at the nanoscale were still detected. However, it was observed that the presence of the PMMA as a major component of the blends modified their dynamic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Andreozzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Largo Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IPCF-CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centro per l’Integrazione della Strumentazione dell’Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Elisa Martinelli
- CISUP, Centro per l’Integrazione della Strumentazione dell’Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Sojka A, Price BD, Sherwin MS. Order-of-magnitude SNR improvement for high-field EPR spectrometers via 3D printed quasi-optical sample holders. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi7412. [PMID: 37729398 PMCID: PMC10511183 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi7412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present a rapidly prototyped, cost-efficient, and 3D printed quasi-optical sample holder for improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in modern, resonator-free, and high-field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) spectrometers. Such spectrometers typically operate in induction mode: The detected EPR ("cross-polar") signal is polarized orthogonal to the incident ("co-polar") radiation. The sample holder makes use of an adjustable sample positioner that allows for optimizing the sample position to maximize the 240-gigahertz magnetic field B1 and a rooftop mirror that allows for small rotations of the microwave polarization to maximize the cross-polar signal and minimize the co-polar background. When optimally tuned, the sample holder was able to improve co-polar isolation by ≳20 decibels, which is proven beneficial for maximizing the SNR in rapid-scan, pulsed, and continuous-wave EPR experiments. In rapid-scan mode, the improved SNR enabled the recording of entire EPR spectra of a narrow-line radical in millisecond time scales, which, in turn, enabled real-time monitoring of a sample's evolving line shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Sojka
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Institute for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Brad D. Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Institute for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Mark S. Sherwin
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Institute for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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5
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Chen Y, Cui Y, Wang S, Xiao Y, Niu J, Huang J, Wang F, Chen S. Durable and Adjustable Interfacial Engineering of Polymeric Electrolytes for Both Stable Ni-Rich Cathodes and High-Energy Metal Anodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300982. [PMID: 36808778 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Achieving stable cycling of high-voltage solid-state lithium metal batteries is crucial for next-generation rechargeable batteries with high energy density and high safety. However, the complicated interface problems in both cathode/anode electrodes preclude their practical applications hitherto. Herein, to simultaneously solve such interfacial limitations and obtain sufficient Li+ conductivity in the electrolyte, an ultrathin and adjustable interface is developed at the cathode side through a convenient surface in situ polymerization (SIP), achieving a durable high-voltage tolerance and Li-dendrite inhibition. The integrated interfacial engineering fabricates a homogeneous solid electrolyte with optimized interfacial interactions that contributes to tame the interfacial compatibility between LiNix Coy Mnz O2 and polymeric electrolyte accompanied by anticorrosion of aluminum current collector. Further, the SIP enables a uniform adjustment of solid electrolyte composition by dissolving additives such as Na+ and K+ salts, which presents prominent cyclability in symmetric Li cells (>300 cycles at 5 mA cm-2 ). The assembled LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 (4.3 V)||Li batteries show excellent cycle life with high Coulombic efficiencies (>99%). This SIP strategy is also investigated and verified in sodium metal batteries. It opens a new frontier for solid electrolytes toward high-voltage and high-energy metal battery technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, P. R. China
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yingyue Cui
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Simeng Wang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, P. R. China
| | - Jin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Huang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, P. R. China
| | - Shimou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, P. R. China
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6
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Chen L, Cao B, Guo X, Quan Y, Yan S. Realizing simultaneous high‐temperature strength and low‐temperature elongation in polyolefin elastomer toughened polypropylene via controlling the dispersed phase size. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Bin Cao
- Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Xuewen Guo
- Center of Modern Analysis Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Yiwu Quan
- Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Shanzhi Yan
- Research and Development Center Jiangsu Jinsanli Power Equipment Industrial Co. Nanjing China
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7
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Colletti A, Fratter A, Pellizzato M, Cravotto G. Nutraceutical Approaches to Dyslipidaemia: The Main Formulative Issues Preventing Efficacy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224769. [PMID: 36432457 PMCID: PMC9696395 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the nutraceutical approach to treat dyslipidaemia is increasing in use, and in many cases is used by physicians as the first choice in the treatment of patients with borderline values. Nutraceuticals represent an excellent opportunity to treat the preliminary conditions not yet showing the pathological signs of dyslipidaemia. Their general safety, the patient's confidence, the convincing proof of efficacy and the reasonable costs prompted the market of new preparations. Despite this premise, many nutraceutical products are poorly formulated and do not meet the minimum requirements to ensure efficacy in normalizing blood lipid profiles, promoting cardiovascular protection, and normalizing disorders of glycemic metabolism. In this context, bioaccessibility and bioavailability of the active compounds is a crucial issue. Little attention is paid to the proper formulations needed to improve the overall bioavailability of the active molecules. According to these data, many products prove to be insufficient to ensure full enteric absorption. The present review analysed the literature in the field of nutraceuticals for the treatment of dyslipidemia, focusing on resveratrol, red yeast rice, berberine, and plant sterols, which are among the nutraceuticals with the greatest formulation problems, highlighting bioavailability and the most suitable formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Colletti
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
| | - Andrea Fratter
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35122 Padua, Italy
| | - Marzia Pellizzato
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-7103
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8
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Kurima A, Kinashi K, Sakai W, Tsutsumi N. Spin-Trapping Analysis of the Thermal Degradation Reaction of Polyamide 66. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14214748. [PMID: 36365740 PMCID: PMC9653835 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The radical mechanisms of the thermal degradation of polyamide 66 (PA66) occurring under a vacuum at a temperature range between 80 °C and 240 °C (which includes the temperature of practical applications) were investigated using a spin-trapping electron spin resonance (ST-ESR) technique, as well as FTIR, TG-DTA, and GPC methods. No significant weight loss and no sign of thermal degradation are observed at this temperature range under oxygen-free conditions, but a slight production of secondary amine groups is confirmed by FTIR. GPC analysis shows a small degradation by the main chain scission. ST-ESR analysis reveals two intermediate radicals which are produced in the thermal degradation of PA66: (a) a ●CH2− radical generated by main chain scission and (b) a −●CH− radical generated by hydrogen abstraction from the methylene group of the main chain. The ST-ESR result does not directly confirm that a −NH−●CH− radical is produced, although this reaction has been previously inferred as the initiation reaction of the thermal degradation of PA; however, the presence of −●CH− radicals strongly suggests the occurrence of this initiation reaction, which takes place on the α-carbon next to the NH group. The ST-ESR analysis reveals very small levels of reaction, which cannot be observed by common analytical methods such as FTIR and NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kurima
- Doctor’s Program of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
- Platform Laboratory for Science & Technology, Asahi-Kasei Corporation, Moriyama City 524-0002, Japan
| | - Kenji Kinashi
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Wataru Sakai
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-75-724-7818
| | - Naoto Tsutsumi
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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Cuccu F, De Luca L, Delogu F, Colacino E, Solin N, Mocci R, Porcheddu A. Mechanochemistry: New Tools to Navigate the Uncharted Territory of "Impossible" Reactions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200362. [PMID: 35867602 PMCID: PMC9542358 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemical transformations have made chemists enter unknown territories, forcing a different chemistry perspective. While questioning or revisiting familiar concepts belonging to solution chemistry, mechanochemistry has broken new ground, especially in the panorama of organic synthesis. Not only does it foster new "thinking outside the box", but it also has opened new reaction paths, allowing to overcome the weaknesses of traditional chemistry exactly where the use of well-established solution-based methodologies rules out progress. In this Review, the reader is introduced to an intriguing research subject not yet fully explored and waiting for improved understanding. Indeed, the study is mainly focused on organic transformations that, although impossible in solution, become possible under mechanochemical processing conditions, simultaneously entailing innovation and expanding the chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cuccu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lidia De Luca
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesco Delogu
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Niclas Solin
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Electronic and Photonic Materials (EFM), Building Fysikhuset, Room M319, Campus, Valla, Sweden
| | - Rita Mocci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Porcheddu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
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Lewandowska H, Sadło J. Radical Composition and Radical Reaction Kinetics in the Probe-Irradiated XLPE Samples as a Potential Source of Information on Their Aging Degree. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5723. [PMID: 36013865 PMCID: PMC9414847 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene is a model polyolefin, and a widely used material for the manufacture of many products, including cable sheaths. Understanding degradation mechanisms at the atomic scale leading to oxidation during aging is crucial for many long-term applications. The concentrations of radicals derived from oxidation and chain scission during radio-oxidation, as well as their ratio, are important parameters controlling the predominance of chain scission or crosslinking of the polymer. In this work, we propose a cryogenic EPR technique for measuring oxidation- and fragmentation-derived radicals as a less-destructive method for the evaluation of cable insulation aging and performance capability. We investigate the effect of the low-dose and high-dose radiation aging on the formation of free radicals in the polymer matrix that are both unprotected and protected by antioxidants. The stability of radicals after aging is a determinant of macroscopic processes and structural changes during aging. Under the conditions of the higher dose rate, the peroxy radical buildup is lower per dose. Peroxy radical buildup is followed by decay during aging, in accordance with POOH content. Our results allow the prediction of the capability of the antioxidant to protect the XLPE material in the function of dose and time.
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12
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Uddin MA, Yu H, Wang L, Amin BU, Mehmood S, Liang R, Haq F, Hu J, Xu J. Dynamics in Controllable Stimuli-Responsive Self-Assembly of Polymer Vesicles with Stable Radical Functionality. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:61693-61706. [PMID: 34913332 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled polymer vesicles have emerged as exciting and promising materials for their potential application in drug delivery, but the dynamics of stimuli-responsive polymers in these areas with pendant functionality in order to understand the structure-property relationship under different physicochemical conditions is still open to discussion. In this work, nitroxide radical-containing copolymers were synthesized and utilized to investigate local dynamics in their vesicular assemblies. Herein, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was applied to reveal the smart supramolecular vesicular structure and polymer chain dynamics in stimuli-responsive controlled assemblies by considering molecular-level interactions. These interactions and dynamics were dependent on the microenvironment of the assemblies, which might be affected by physicochemical parameters such as radical concentration, pH, redox agent, polarity, and viscosity. These observations help to accomplish quantitative insights into the stimuli-responsive colloidal vesicular assemblies. The vesicles were used as an anticancer drug carrier, which showed high drug loading efficiency (63.65%). The reduction-responsive prompt disassembly accelerated the release. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and anticancer activity were examined by cellular experiments against normal fibroblasts (L929) and human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines, respectively. The results demonstrate that this effort provides an easy strategy for designing controllable stimuli-responsive polymer nanosystems which promotes their promising application in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Alim Uddin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Bilal Ul Amin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Sahid Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Ruixue Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Fazal Haq
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Jinming Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
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13
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Tseytlin O, O'Connell R, Sivashankar V, Bobko AA, Tseytlin M. Rapid Scan EPR Oxygen Imaging in Photoactivated Resin Used for Stereolithographic 3D Printing. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2021; 8:358-365. [PMID: 34977276 PMCID: PMC8713732 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2020.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen plays a critical role in the photopolymerization process resulting in the formation of solid structures from liquid resins during three-dimensional (3D) printing: it acts as a polymerization inhibitor. Upon exposure to light, oxygen is depleted. As a result, the polymerization process becomes activated. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging is described as a tool to visualize changes in oxygen distribution caused by light exposure. This nondestructive method uses radio waves and, therefore, is not constrained by optical opacity offering greater penetrating depth. Three proof-of-principle imaging experiments were demonstrated: (1) spatial propagation of the photopolymerization process; (2) oxygen depletion as a result of postcuring; and (3) oxygen visualization in a 3D printed spiral model. Commercial stereolithography (SLA) resin was used in these experiments. Lithium octa-n-butoxynaphthalocyanine (LiNc-BuO) probe was mixed with the resin to permit oxygen imaging. Li-naphthalocyanine probes are routinely used in various EPR applications because of their long-term stability and high functional sensitivity to oxygen. In this study, we demonstrate that EPR imaging has the potential to become a powerful visualization tool in the development of 3D printing technology, including bioprinting and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Tseytlin
- Biochemistry Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance Center at Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, and West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Ryan O'Connell
- Biochemistry Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance Center at Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, and West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Vignesh Sivashankar
- Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Andrey A. Bobko
- Biochemistry Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance Center at Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, and West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Mark Tseytlin
- Biochemistry Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance Center at Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, and West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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14
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Dergunov SA. Biomimetic controlled radical photopolymerization in a two-dimensional organized environment under visible light. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10612-10615. [PMID: 34570148 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03982b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fast and well-controlled photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP) in the organized medium of a bilayer activated by visible light under environmentally friendly mild aqueous conditions leads to polymers with predetermined molecular weight and low dispersity. The decisive parameter for photoATRP of monomers in the organized medium was their mobility and orientation with respect to the bilayer and the photoredox catalyst localized in the interstitial layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, 06269, CT, USA.
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15
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Ar D, Kilpatrick AFR, Cula B, Herwig C, Limberg C. Transformation of Formazanate at Nickel(II) Centers to Give a Singly Reduced Nickel Complex with Azoiminate Radical Ligands and Its Reactivity toward Dioxygen. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13844-13853. [PMID: 33770441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The heteroleptic (formazanato)nickel bromide complex LNi(μ-Br)2NiL [LH = Mes-NH-N═C(p-tol)-N═N-Mes] has been prepared by deprotonation of LH with NaH followed by reaction with NiBr2(dme). Treatment of this complex with KC8 led to transformation of the formazanate into azoiminate ligands via N-N bond cleavage and the simultaneous release of aniline. At the same time, the potentially resulting intermediate complex L'2Ni [L' = HN═C(p-tol)-N═N-Mes] was reduced by one additional electron, which is delocalized across the π system and the metal center. The resulting reduced complex [L'2Ni]K(18-c-6) has a S = 1/2 ground state and a square-planar structure. It reacts with dioxygen via one-electron oxidation to give the complex L'2Ni, and the formation of superoxide was detected spectroscopically. If oxidizable substrates are present during this process, these are oxygenated/oxidized. Triphenylphosphine is converted to phosphine oxide, and hydrogen atoms are abstracted from TEMPO-H and phenols. In the case of cyclohexene, autoxidations are triggered, leading to the typical radical-chain-derived products of cyclohexene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ar
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander F R Kilpatrick
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrice Cula
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Herwig
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Limberg
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Uddin MA, Yu H, Wang L, Liu J, Mehmood S, Amin BU, Haq F, Liang R, Shen D, Ni Z. Multi-stimuli-responsive performance and morphological changes of radical-functionalized self-assembled micellar nanoaggregates and their multi-triggered drug release. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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17
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Lappan U, Naas C, Scheler U. Influence of the Mixing Ratio on the Dynamics of Polymer Segments in Polyelectrolyte Complexes. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Lappan
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Hohe Straße 6 Dresden 01069 Germany
| | - Carolin Naas
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Hohe Straße 6 Dresden 01069 Germany
| | - Ulrich Scheler
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Hohe Straße 6 Dresden 01069 Germany
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18
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Uddin MA, Yu H, Wang L, Naveed KUR, Amin BU, Mehmood S, Haq F, Nazir A, Lin T, Chen X, Ni Z. Multiple-stimuli-responsiveness and conformational inversion of smart supramolecular nanoparticles assembled from spin labeled amphiphilic random copolymers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 585:237-249. [PMID: 33285462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Organic radical polymers with tailored pendant functionalities have emerged as exciting and promising materials for their application versatility. Moreover, eco-friendly polymer-based organic nanomaterials with redox-active pendant side groups can replace the harmful heavy metal-based inorganic materials. On the other hand, self-assembled nanomaterials are of great interest and attracted more attention recently for their promising application in different advanced fields, but it is yet challenging to predict suitable hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) for stimuli-responsive random copolymers assembly due to structural irregularity. Among several experimental techniques, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy plays a unique and promising role in revealing structural and dynamic information of nanostructured radical containing materials. EXPERIMENTS In this study, a series of spin labeled amphiphilic random copolymers poly(methyl methacrylate-co-acrylic acid) have been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopies, TGA, DSC and water contact angle (CA) techniques. Their electrochemical properties have been determined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in different organic solvents. EPR spectroscopy has been applied with other analytical techniques to elucidate the smart supramolecular nanoparticles (SNPs) formation, stimuli-responsiveness and structural changes through the dynamics of different molecular interactions. FINDINGS The structural and dynamic information of self-assembled nanoparticles have been observed to be dependent on multiple-stimuli-responsiveness in different microenvironments by applying physiological and chemical parameters such as the different concentration of radicals, pH, temperature, nature of the solvent and reducing agent. The obtained results reveal the knowledge to understand insight into the mechanism for the formation of stimuli-responsive colloidal nanoparticles assembled from amphiphilic random copolymers with apt HLB value. The CV results reveal that the charge transfer process of the nanoparticles in solution was diffusion regulated and depended on the accessibility of radicals. The radical (spin labeled) polymers offer a broad way to develop stimuli-responsive materials in various colloidal nanostructures by changing the microenvironment, appreciating their potential advanced applications in electronic devices, catalysis, stimuli-triggered drug/gene delivery and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Alim Uddin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kaleem-Ur-Rahman Naveed
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Bilal Ul Amin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Sahid Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Fazal Haq
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ahsan Nazir
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tengfei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, PR China
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19
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Yamamoto T, Kato S, Aoki D, Otsuka H. A Diarylacetonitrile as a Molecular Probe for the Detection of Polymeric Mechanoradicals in the Bulk State through a Radical Chain‐Transfer Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Yamamoto
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Sota Kato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Otsuka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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20
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Yamamoto T, Kato S, Aoki D, Otsuka H. A Diarylacetonitrile as a Molecular Probe for the Detection of Polymeric Mechanoradicals in the Bulk State through a Radical Chain-Transfer Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2680-2683. [PMID: 33085132 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the beginning of polymer science, understanding the influence of mechanical stress on polymer chains has been a fundamental and important research topic. The detection of mechanoradicals generated by homolytic cleavage of the polymer chains in solution has been studied in many cases. However, the detection of mechanoradicals in the bulk is still limited owing to their high reactivity. Herein, we propose an innovative strategy to detect mechanoradicals visually and quantitatively using a chain-transfer agent that generates relatively stable fluorescent radicals as a molecular probe. Mechanoradicals generated by ball milling of polystyrene samples were successfully detected by using a diarylacetonitrile compound as a fluorescent molecular probe through this radical chain-transfer mechanism. This probe enables the visualization and quantitative evaluation of mechanoradicals generated by polymer-chain scission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Yamamoto
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Sota Kato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Otsuka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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21
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Neukermans S, Samanipour M, Vincent Ching HY, Hereijgers J, Van Doorslaer S, Hubin A, Breugelmans T. A Versatile
In‐Situ
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectro‐electrochemical Approach for Electrocatalyst Research. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sander Neukermans
- Research Group Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Wilrijk 2610 Belgium
| | - Mohammad Samanipour
- Department of Chemistry Research Group Biophysics and Biomedical Physics (BIMEF) University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Wilrijk 2610 Belgium
| | - H. Y. Vincent Ching
- Research Group Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Wilrijk 2610 Belgium
- Department of Chemistry Research Group Biophysics and Biomedical Physics (BIMEF) University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Wilrijk 2610 Belgium
| | - Jonas Hereijgers
- Research Group Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Wilrijk 2610 Belgium
| | - Sabine Van Doorslaer
- Department of Chemistry Research Group Biophysics and Biomedical Physics (BIMEF) University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Wilrijk 2610 Belgium
| | - Annick Hubin
- Research Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering (SURF) Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussel Belgium
| | - Tom Breugelmans
- Research Group Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT) University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Wilrijk 2610 Belgium
- Separation & Conversion Technologies Vlaams Instituut voor Technologisch onderzoek (VITO) Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol Belgium
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22
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Naveed KUR, Wang L, Yu H, Teng L, Uddin MA, Fahad S, Ullah RS, Nazir A, Elshaarani T. Synthesis of spin labeled ethylene glycol based polymers and study of their segmental motion. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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23
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Qin L, Liu X, Zhang X, Yu J, Yang L, Zhao F, Huang M, Wang K, Wu X, Li Y, Chen H, Wang K, Xia J, Lu X, Gao F, Yi Y, Huang H. Triplet Acceptors with a D-A Structure and Twisted Conformation for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15043-15049. [PMID: 32385920 PMCID: PMC7497160 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Triplet acceptors have been developed to construct high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs) as the long lifetime and diffusion range of triplet excitons may dissociate into free charges instead of net recombination when the energy levels of the lowest triplet state (T1 ) are close to those of charge-transfer states (3 CT). The current triplet acceptors were designed by introducing heavy atoms to enhance the intersystem crossing, limiting their applications. Herein, two twisted acceptors without heavy atoms, analogues of Y6, constructed with large π-conjugated core and D-A structure, were confirmed to be triplet materials, leading to high-performance OSCs. The mechanism of triplet excitons were investigated to show that the twisted and D-A structures result in large spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and small energy gap between the singlet and triplet states, and thus efficient intersystem crossing. Moreover, the energy level of T1 is close to 3 CT, facilitating the split of triplet exciton to free charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqing Qin
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Xingzheng Liu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)Linköping University58183LinköpingSweden
| | - Lei Yang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Fenggui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical InformationMinistry of EducationSchool of ScienceBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044P. R. China
| | - Miaofei Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Kangwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingCenter of Smart Materials and DevicesSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Wu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of PhysicsThe Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong KongP. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical InformationMinistry of EducationSchool of ScienceBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044P. R. China
| | - Jianlong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingCenter of Smart Materials and DevicesSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of PhysicsThe Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong KongP. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)Linköping University58183LinköpingSweden
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
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24
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Synthesis of poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate)s and their segmental motion study. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Drover MW, Dufour MC, Lesperance‐Nantau LA, Noriega RP, Levin K, Schurko RW. Octaboraneyl Complexes of Nickel: Monomers for Redox‐Active Coordination Polymers. Chemistry 2020; 26:11180-11186. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus W. Drover
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Windsor 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Maeve C. Dufour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Windsor 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | | | - Rayni P. Noriega
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Windsor 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Kirill Levin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Windsor 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Windsor 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Florida State University 102 Varsity Way Tallahassee FL 32306-4390 USA
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26
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Audran G, Bagryanskaya EG, Marque SRA, Postnikov P. New Variants of Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12071481. [PMID: 32630664 PMCID: PMC7408045 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitroxide-mediated polymerization is now a mature technique, at 35 years of age. During this time, several variants have been developed: enhanced spin capture polymerization (ESCP), photoNMP (NMP2), chemically initiated NMP (CI-NMP), spin label NMP (SL-NMP), and plasmon-initiated NMP (PI-NMP). This mini-review is devoted to the features and applications of these variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Audran
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, Case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (E.G.B); (S.R.A.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Elena G. Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (E.G.B); (S.R.A.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Sylvain R. A. Marque
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, Case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (E.G.B); (S.R.A.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Pavel Postnikov
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Ave, 30, Tomsk, Tomsk Oblast 634050, Russia
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (E.G.B); (S.R.A.M.); (P.P.)
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27
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3D-printed eye lens dosemeter holder for use in interventional radiology and interventional cardiology. RADIAT MEAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Uddin MA, Yu H, Wang L, Naveed K, Haq F, Amin BU, Mehmood S, Nazir A, Xing Y, Shen D. Recent progress in
EPR
study of spin labeled polymers and spin probed polymer systems. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Alim Uddin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Kaleem‐ur‐Rahman Naveed
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Fazal Haq
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Bilal Ul Amin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Sahid Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Ahsan Nazir
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yusheng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Di Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
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29
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Qin L, Liu X, Zhang X, Yu J, Yang L, Zhao F, Huang M, Wang K, Wu X, Li Y, Chen H, Wang K, Xia J, Lu X, Gao F, Yi Y, Huang H. Triplet Acceptors with a D‐A Structure and Twisted Conformation for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Linqing Qin
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xingzheng Liu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University 58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Lei Yang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Fenggui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of Education School of Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 P. R. China
| | - Miaofei Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Kangwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Center of Smart Materials and Devices School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Wu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of Education School of Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 P. R. China
| | - Jianlong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Center of Smart Materials and Devices School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University 58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation &, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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Liu X, Jing B, Lun G, Wang Y, Wang X, Fang C, Ao Z, Li C. Integrating nitrogen vacancies into crystalline graphitic carbon nitride for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3179-3182. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen vacancies are integrated into crystalline graphitic carbon nitride to generate more reaction sites for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Binghua Jing
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Ganquan Lun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Yingfei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Chihhsiang Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Zhimin Ao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Chuanhao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
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32
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Naveed KUR, Wang L, Yu H, Summe Ullah R, Nazir A, Fahad S, Elshaarani T, Usman M, Khan A. Synthesis of spin-labelled poly(acrylic acid)s and their segmental motion study. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1685690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaleem-Ur-Rahman Naveed
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Raja Summe Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ahsan Nazir
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shah Fahad
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tarig Elshaarani
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Amin Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Smith IR, Charlier AHR, Pritzlaff AM, Shishlov A, Barnes B, Bentz KC, Easterling CP, Sumerlin BS, Fanucci GE, Savin DA. Probing Membrane Hydration at the Interface of Self-Assembled Peptide Amphiphiles Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1261-1266. [PMID: 35651263 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The relative hydrophilicity at the interface of a nanoparticle was measured utilizing electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The supramolecular structure was assembled from spin-labeled peptide amphiphiles (PA) derived from N-carboxy anhydrides (NCA). Cyanuric chloride, or 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (TCT), was used as a modular platform to synthesize the spin-labeled, lipid-mimetic macroinitiator used for the ring-opening polymerization of γ-benzyl-l-glutamic acid NCA to produce polyglutamate-b-dodecanethiol2. Through static and dynamic light scattering, as well as transmission electron microscopy, PAs with DP of 50 and 17 were shown to assemble into stable nanoparticles with an average hydrodynamic radius of 117 and 84 nm, respectively. Continuous wave EPR spectroscopy revealed that the mobility parameter (h-1/h0) and 2Aiso of the nitroxide radical increased with increasing pH, in concert with the deprotonation of the PE side chains and associated helix-coil transition. These results are consistent with an increase in the relative hydration and polarity at the nanoparticle interface, which would be dependent on the secondary structure of the polypeptide. This research suggests that a pH stimulus could be used to facilitate water diffusion through the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R. Smith
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Alban H. R. Charlier
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Amanda M. Pritzlaff
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Alexander Shishlov
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Brooke Barnes
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Kyle C. Bentz
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Charles P. Easterling
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Gail E. Fanucci
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Daniel A. Savin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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