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Yamanaka T, Tarutani N, Katagiri K, Inumaru K, Takeoka Y, Masui T. High Heat Resistance of the Structural Coloration of Colloidal Arrays with Inorganic Black Additives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:29324-29330. [PMID: 35726998 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Structurally colored materials consisting of arrays of submicrometer-sized particles have drawn a great deal of attention because of their advantages, including low cost, low impact on human health as well as the environment, and resistance to fading. However, their low thermal stability is considered to be a critical issue for their practical use as colorants. Black-colored substances that can absorb the white color are added to colloidal array-type structurally colored materials to enhance their chromaticity. The poor thermal stability of commonly used black coloring additives, carbon black and Fe3O4 nanoparticles, is a main factor that reduces the heat resistance of structural coloration. Here, we demonstrate the preparation of structurally colored materials with extraordinarily high heat resistance of coloration, up to 900 °C. Several metal oxides, i.e., calcium manganese-based oxide (CCMO), chromium-iron-cobalt-nickel oxide (CFCNO), and lanthanum manganite (LMO), are synthesized and employed as black additives for structurally colored coatings prepared by the electrophoretic deposition of spherical silica particles. When CCMO is used as a black additive, the coloration heat resistance of the film is stable up to 700 °C. On the other hand, the films maintain vivid structural colors after exposure to 900 °C temperatures when CFCNO and LMO are employed as black additives. On the basis of this finding, high heat resistance of structural colors requires both heat resistance of the black additives and nonreactivity with the components of the spherical particles used for colloidal arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yamanaka
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Naoki Tarutani
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Katagiri
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kei Inumaru
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Yukikazu Takeoka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Masui
- Faculty of Engineering and Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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Tarutani N, Uesugi R, Uemura K, Katagiri K, Inumaru K, Takeoka Y. Understanding the Electrophoretic Deposition Accompanied by Electrochemical Reactions Toward Structurally Colored Bilayer Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23653-23659. [PMID: 35475601 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Safe, low-cost structurally colored materials are alternative colorants to toxic inorganic pigments and organic dyes. Colloidal amorphous arrays are promising structurally colored materials because of their angle-independent colors. In this study, we focused on precise tuning of the chromaticity by preparing bilayer colloidal amorphous arrays through electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Systematic investigations with various EPD conditions clarified the contributions of each condition to the EPD process and the competing electrochemical reactions, which enabled us to prepare well-colored coatings. EPD films composed of colloidal amorphous array bilayers were successfully synthesized with controlled film thickness. Chromaticity of the films was found to be precisely controlled by the EPD duration. We believe that this understanding of the EPD process and its application to synthesis of structurally colored bilayer films will bring structurally colored materials closer to practical industrial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Tarutani
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Ryo Uesugi
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kensuke Uemura
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Katagiri
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kei Inumaru
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Yukikazu Takeoka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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Jeon DJ, Paik S, Ji S, Yeo JS. Melanin-based structural coloration of birds and its biomimetic applications. Appl Microsc 2021; 51:14. [PMID: 34633588 PMCID: PMC8505553 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-021-00063-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin has been a widely researched pigment by scientists for decades as it is undoubtedly the most ubiquitous and ancient pigment found in nature. Melanin plays very significant roles in structural plumage colors in birds: it has visible light-absorbing capabilities, and nanoscale structures can be formed by self-assembling melanin granules. Herein, we review recent progress on melanin-based structural coloration research. We hope that this review will provide current understanding of melanin's structural and optical properties, natural coloration mechanisms, and biomimetic methods to implement artificial melanin-based structural colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok-Jin Jeon
- School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Suejeong Paik
- 39 Yeonhui-ro 22-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03723, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmuk Ji
- School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Souk Yeo
- School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea.
- Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea.
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Iwasaki T, Harada S, Okoshi T, Moriya M, Kojima T, Kishikawa K, Kohri M. Effect of the Polydopamine Composite Method on Structural Coloration: Comparison of Binary and Unary Assembly of Colloidal Particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11880-11887. [PMID: 32931294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Melanin influences light reflection and absorption and is known to be one of the elements producing structural color, such as that in the feathers of birds. In this study, we used polydopamine (PDA), an artificial melanin, as a light-absorbing material and examined in detail the effect of its composite method on the structural color. The following two composite methods were investigated using cerium(IV) oxide (CeO2) particles as a core particle: binary coassembly of CeO2 and PDA particles and unary assembly of CeO2@PDA core-shell particles. Although both methods dramatically improved the visibility of the structural color by suppressing the scattered light owing to the light absorption capability of the PDA, there was a difference in the particle arrangement, angle dependence of the structural color, and color tone change. By selecting the PDA composite method, the guidelines for providing high visibility and the desired structural color were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Iwasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Banknote Department, Head Office, National Printing Bureau, 2-2-5 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8445, Japan
| | - Shotaro Harada
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Taku Okoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Miyu Moriya
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keiki Kishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Michinari Kohri
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Katagiri K, Uemura K, Uesugi R, Tarutani N, Inumaru K, Uchikoshi T, Seki T, Takeoka Y. Robust Structurally Colored Coatings Composed of Colloidal Arrays Prepared by the Cathodic Electrophoretic Deposition Method with Metal Cation Additives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:40768-40777. [PMID: 32842742 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Structurally colored coatings composed of colloidal arrays of monodisperse spherical particles have attracted great attention owing to their versatile advantages, such as low cost, resistance to fading, and low impacts on the environment and human health. However, the weak mechanical stability is considered to be a major obstacle for their practical applications as colorants. Although several approaches based on the addition of polymer additives to enhance the adhesion of particles have been reported, the challenge remains to develop a strategy for the preparation of structurally colored coatings with extremely high robustness using a simple process. Here, we have developed a novel approach to fabricate robust structurally colored coatings by cathodic electrophoretic deposition. The addition of a metal salt, i.e., Mg(NO3)2, to the coating dispersion allows SiO2 particles to have a positive charge, which enables the electrophoresis of SiO2 particles toward the cathode. At the cathode, Mg(OH)2 codeposits with SiO2 particles because OH- ions are generated by the decomposition of dissolved oxygen and NO3- ions. The mechanical stability of the colloidal arrays obtained by this process is remarkably improved because Mg(OH)2 facilitates the adhesion of the particles and substrates. The brilliant structural color is maintained even after several cycles of the sandpaper abrasion test. We have also demonstrated the coating on a stainless steel fork. This demonstration reveals that our approach enables a homogeneous coating on a complicated surface. Furthermore, the high durability of the coating is clarified because the coating did not peel off even when the fork was stuck into a plastic eraser. Therefore, the coating technique developed here will provide an effective method for the pervasive application of the structural color as a colorant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyofumi Katagiri
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kensuke Uemura
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Ryo Uesugi
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Naoki Tarutani
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kei Inumaru
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Uchikoshi
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yukikazu Takeoka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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Echeverri M, Patil A, Xiao M, Li W, Shawkey MD, Dhinojwala A. Developing Noniridescent Structural Color on Flexible Substrates with High Bending Resistance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21159-21165. [PMID: 31094502 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials producing structural colors have great potential in replacing toxic metals or organic pigments. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a promising method for producing these materials on a large scale, but it requires improvements in brightness, saturation, and mechanical stability. Herein, we use EPD assembly to codeposit silica (SiO2) particles with precursors of synthetic melanin, polydopamine (PDA), to produce mechanically robust, wide-angle structurally colored coatings. We use spectrophotometry to show that PDA precursors enhance the saturation of structural colors and nanoscratch testing to demonstrate that they stabilize particles within the EPD coatings. Stabilization by PDA precursors allows us to coat flexible substrates that can sustain bending stresses, opening an avenue for electroprinting on flexible materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Echeverri
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
| | - Anvay Patil
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
| | - Ming Xiao
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - Weiyao Li
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
| | - Matthew D Shawkey
- Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, Biology Department , University of Ghent , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Ali Dhinojwala
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
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Kohri M, Irie S, Yamazaki S, Kohaku K, Taniguchi T, Kishikawa K. Acid-induced Control of Surface Properties Using a Catecholic Silane Coupling Reagent. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michinari Kohri
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Saki Irie
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Yamazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kotona Kohaku
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keiki Kishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Kohri M, Tamai Y, Kawamura A, Jido K, Yamamoto M, Taniguchi T, Kishikawa K, Fujii S, Teramoto N, Ishii H, Nagao D. Ellipsoidal Artificial Melanin Particles as Building Blocks for Biomimetic Structural Coloration. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5574-5580. [PMID: 30933525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the structural coloration of anisotropic materials in nature, we demonstrate the preparation of structural color materials by the assembly of anisotropic particles. Spherical artificial melanin particles consisting of a polystyrene core and polydopamine shell were stretched asymmetrically to form uniform-sized ellipsoidal particles with different aspect ratios. The aspect ratio and assembly method of the ellipsoidal particles influence the structural coloration, indicating that the particle shape is one of the important parameters for controlling the structural coloration. The discovery of a method to control the structural color using ellipsoidal particles is useful in basic research on structural colors in nature and provides flexibility in material design and extends the application range of structural color materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michinari Kohri
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Yuki Tamai
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Ayaka Kawamura
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Keita Jido
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Mikiya Yamamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Tatsuo Taniguchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Keiki Kishikawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | | | - Naozumi Teramoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Chiba Institute of Technology , 2-17-1 Tsudanuma , Narashino , Chiba 275-0016 , Japan
| | - Haruyuki Ishii
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Tohoku University , 6-6-07 Aoba , Aramaki-aza Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 , Japan
| | - Daisuke Nagao
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Tohoku University , 6-6-07 Aoba , Aramaki-aza Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 , Japan
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Wang F, Xue Y, Lu B, Luo H, Zhu J. Fabrication and Characterization of Angle-Independent Structurally Colored Films Based on CdS@SiO 2 Nanospheres. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:4918-4926. [PMID: 30840471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
It is easy for chemical pigments produced from organic chemicals to disappear when exposed to light over time. Recently, structurally colored pigments produced by materials with high indices of refraction such as TiO2 or ZnS have attracted great attention. This study presents that CdS@SiO2 core-shell nanospheres were synthesized through a homogeneous deposition method followed with a modified Stöber method and a calcination process. Colored film assembled by pigments shows low angle dependence with high stability against degradation under environmental factors. Moreover, the structural color of CdS@SiO2 arrays was bright and tunable according to the size without changing the overall material design. Compared with the conventional method, the addition of black substances in colloidal spheres is the generally used method to realize angle-independent structural coloration. However, black materials (such as carbon blacks and acetylene black) are not stable because of the high surface energy, and usually reunite together easily, and then lead to a nonuniform distribution and significant decrease in brightness. Thus, we report self-assembly colored films with great low angle dependence but not any black substances. Moreover, the refractive index of CdS is higher than generally used PS, PMMA, and SiO2, and the SiO2 shell is poisonless. CdS@SiO2 structurally colored films have promising nonbleaching pigments and have potential applications for displays, colorimetric sensors, colorful decoration, and pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials , Shaanxi University of Science & Technology , Xi'an 710021 , P. R. China
| | - Yu Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials , Shaanxi University of Science & Technology , Xi'an 710021 , P. R. China
| | - Bo Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials , Shaanxi University of Science & Technology , Xi'an 710021 , P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444 , P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials , Shaanxi University of Science & Technology , Xi'an 710021 , P. R. China
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Iwasaki T, Tamai Y, Yamamoto M, Taniguchi T, Kishikawa K, Kohri M. Melanin Precursor Influence on Structural Colors from Artificial Melanin Particles: PolyDOPA, Polydopamine, and Polynorepinephrine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:11814-11821. [PMID: 30183312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polydopamine (PDA) is of interest as a mimetic material of melanin to produce structural color materials. Herein, to investigate the influence of the material composition of the artificial melanin particles on structural color, we demonstrated the preparation of core-shell particles by polymerization of norepinephrine or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, which are melanin precursors similar to dopamine, in the presence of polystyrene particles. It was revealed that the arrays of the prepared particles produce high-visibility structural color because of absorption of scattering light. Although poly(3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) showed the same tendency as PDA which was previous studied, polynorepinephrine can easily produce a smooth and thick shell layer compared with that of PDA, and pellets consisting of the particles showed angle-dependent structural color. Therefore, the artificial melanin particles that produce angle-dependent structural color became stable than ever before. These results indicated that material compositions of artificial melanin particles have influence on structural color, and an important finding for application as a coloring material was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Iwasaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
- Fundamental Technology Division, Research Institute , National Printing Bureau , 6-4-20 Sakawa , Odawara , Kanagawa 256-0816 , Japan
| | - Yuki Tamai
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Mikiya Yamamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Tatsuo Taniguchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Keiki Kishikawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Michinari Kohri
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
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