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Lin X, Wang Y, Liu L, Du X, Wang W, Guo S, Zhang J, Ge K, Zhou G. Enhanced bone regeneration by osteoinductive and angiogenic zein/whitlockite composite scaffolds loaded with levofloxacin. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14470-14479. [PMID: 38708116 PMCID: PMC11063759 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00772g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Promoting angiogenesis following biomaterial implantation is essential to bone tissue regeneration. Herein, the composite scaffolds composed of zein, whitlockite (WH), and levofloxacin (LEVO) were fabricated to augment bone repair by facilitating osteogenesis and angiogenesis. First, three-dimensional composite scaffolds containing zein and WH were prepared using the salt-leaching method. Then, as a model antibiotic drug, the LEVO was loaded into zein/WH scaffolds. Moreover, the addition of WH enhanced the adhesion, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblasts. The zein/WH/LEVO composite scaffolds not only had significant osteoinductivity but also showed excellent antibacterial properties. The prepared composite scaffolds were then implanted into a calvarial defect model to evaluate their osteogenic induction effects in vivo. Micro-CT observation and histological analysis indicate that the scaffolds can accelerate bone regeneration with the contribution of endogenous cytokines. Based on amounts of data in vitro and in vivo, the scaffolds present profound effects on improving bone regeneration, especially for the favorable osteogenic, intensive angiogenic, and alleviated inflammation abilities. The results showed that the synthesized scaffolds could be a potential material for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
- College of Basic Medical Science, Hebei University Baoding 071000 P. R. China
| | - Lingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
- College of Basic Medical Science, Hebei University Baoding 071000 P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Du
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Shutao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Kun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Guoqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
- College of Basic Medical Science, Hebei University Baoding 071000 P. R. China
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Limaye A, Perumal V, Karner CM, Arinzeh TL. Plant-Derived Zein as an Alternative to Animal-Derived Gelatin for Use as a Tissue Engineering Scaffold. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2024; 4:2300104. [PMID: 38665311 PMCID: PMC11045004 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202300104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural biomaterials are commonly used as tissue engineering scaffolds due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Plant-derived materials have also gained significant interest due to their abundance and as a sustainable resource. This study evaluates the corn-derived protein zein as a plant-derived substitute for animal-derived gelatin, which is widely used for its favorable cell adhesion properties. Limited studies exist evaluating pure zein for tissue engineering. Herein, fibrous zein scaffolds are evaluated in vitro for cell adhesion, growth, and infiltration into the scaffold in comparison to gelatin scaffolds and are further studied in a subcutaneous model in vivo. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on zein scaffolds express focal adhesion kinase and integrins such as αvβ3, α4, and β1 similar to gelatin scaffolds. MSCs also infiltrate zein scaffolds with a greater penetration depth than cells on gelatin scaffolds. Cells loaded onto zein scaffolds in vivo show higher cell proliferation and CD31 expression, as an indicator of blood vessel formation. Findings also demonstrate the capability of zein scaffolds to maintain the multipotent capability of MSCs. Overall, findings demonstrate plant-derived zein may be a suitable alternative to the animalderived gelatin and demonstrates zein's potential as a scaffold for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Limaye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 3960 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Venkatesan Perumal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Courtney M Karner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Janmohammadi M, Nourbakhsh MS, Bahraminasab M, Tayebi L. Enhancing bone tissue engineering with 3D-Printed polycaprolactone scaffolds integrated with tragacanth gum/bioactive glass. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100872. [PMID: 38075257 PMCID: PMC10709082 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineered bone substitutes, characterized by favorable physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties, present a promising alternative for addressing bone defects. In this study, we employed an innovative 3D host-guest scaffold model, where the host component served as a mechanical support, while the guest component facilitated osteogenic effects. More specifically, we fabricated a triangular porous polycaprolactone framework (host) using advanced 3D printing techniques, and subsequently filled the framework's pores with tragacanth gum-45S5 bioactive glass as the guest component. Comprehensive assessments were conducted to evaluate the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of the designed scaffolds. Remarkably, successful integration of the guest component within the framework was achieved, resulting in enhanced bioactivity and increased strength. Our findings demonstrated that the scaffolds exhibited ion release (Si, Ca, and P), surface apatite formation, and biodegradation. Additionally, in vitro cell culture assays revealed that the scaffolds demonstrated significant improvements in cell viability, proliferation, and attachment. Significantly, the multi-compartment scaffolds exhibited remarkable osteogenic properties, indicated by a substantial increase in the expression of osteopontin, osteocalcin, and matrix deposition. Based on our results, the framework provided robust mechanical support during the new bone formation process, while the guest component matrix created a conducive micro-environment for cellular adhesion, osteogenic functionality, and matrix production. These multi-compartment scaffolds hold great potential as a viable alternative to autografts and offer promising clinical applications for bone defect repair in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Janmohammadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Bahraminasab
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 3513138111, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
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Ranjbar FE, Farzad-Mohajeri S, Samani S, Saremi J, Khademi R, Dehghan MM, Azami M. Kaempferol-loaded bioactive glass-based scaffold for bone tissue engineering: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12375. [PMID: 37524784 PMCID: PMC10390521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing prevalence of bone disorders among people especially in average age, the future of treatments for osseous abnormalities has been illuminated by scaffold-based bone tissue engineering. In this study, in vitro and in vivo properties of 58S bioactive glass-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (bare (B.SC), Zein-coated (C.SC), and Zein-coated containing Kaempferol (KC.SC)) were evaluated. This is a follow-up study on our previously published paper, where we synthesized 58S bioactive glass-based scaffolds coated with Kaempferol-loaded Zein biopolymer, and characterized from mostly engineering points of view to find the optimum composition. For this aim, in vitro assessments were done to evaluate the osteogenic capacity and biological features of the scaffolds. In the in vivo section, all types of scaffolds with/without bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) were implanted into rat calvaria bone defects, and potential of bone healing was assessed using imaging, staining, and histomorphometric analyses. It was shown that, Zein-coating covered surface cracks leading to better mechanical properties without negative effect on bioactivity and cell attachment. Also, BMSC differentiation proved that the presence of Kaempferol caused higher calcium deposition, increased alkaline phosphatase activity, bone-specific gene upregulation in vitro. Further, in vivo study confirmed positive effect of BMSC-loaded KC.SC on significant new bone formation resulting in complete bone regeneration. Combining physical properties of coated scaffolds with the osteogenic effect of Kaempferol and BMSCs could represent a new strategy for bone regeneration and provide a more effective approach to repairing critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Saeed Farzad-Mohajeri
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Dr. Qarib Street, Azadi Street, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran
| | - Saeed Samani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Saremi
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Rahele Khademi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Dr. Qarib Street, Azadi Street, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Azami
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran.
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In Vivo Application of Silica-Derived Inks for Bone Tissue Engineering: A 10-Year Systematic Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9080388. [PMID: 36004914 PMCID: PMC9404869 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As the need for efficient, sustainable, customizable, handy and affordable substitute materials for bone repair is critical, this systematic review aimed to assess the use and outcomes of silica-derived inks to promote in vivo bone regeneration. An algorithmic selection of articles was performed following the PRISMA guidelines and PICO method. After the initial selection, 51 articles were included. Silicon in ink formulations was mostly found to be in either the native material, but associated with a secondary role, or to be a crucial additive element used to dope an existing material. The inks and materials presented here were essentially extrusion-based 3D-printed (80%), and, overall, the most investigated animal model was the rabbit (65%) with a femoral defect (51%). Quality (ARRIVE 2.0) and risk of bias (SYRCLE) assessments outlined that although a large majority of ARRIVE items were “reported”, most risks of bias were left “unclear” due to a lack of precise information. Almost all studies, despite a broad range of strategies and formulations, reported their silica-derived material to improve bone regeneration. The rising number of publications over the past few years highlights Si as a leverage element for bone tissue engineering to closely consider in the future.
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Shahbazi M, Jäger H. Current Status in the Utilization of Biobased Polymers for 3D Printing Process: A Systematic Review of the Materials, Processes, and Challenges. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:325-369. [PMID: 35014287 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a revolutionary additive manufacturing technique that allows rapid prototyping of objects with intricate architectures. This Review covers the recent state-of-the-art of biopolymers (protein and carbohydrate-based materials) application in pharmaceutical, bioengineering, and food printing and main reinforcement approaches of biomacromolecular structure for the development of 3D constructs. Some perspectives and main important limitations with the biomaterials utilization for advanced 3D printing procedures are also provided. Because of the improved the ink's flow behavior and enhance the mechanical strength of resulting printed architectures, biopolymers are the most used materials for 3D printing applications. Biobased polymers by taking advantage of modifying the ink viscosity could improve the resolution of deposited layers, printing precision, and consequently, develop well-defined geometries. In this regard, the rheological properties of printable biopolymeric-based inks and factors affecting ink flow behavior related to structural properties of printed constructs are discussed. On the basis of successful applications of biopolymers in 3D printing, it is suggested that other biomacromolecules and nanoparticles combined with the matrix can be introduced into the ink dispersions to enhance the multifunctionality of 3D structures. Furthermore, tuning the biopolymer's structural properties offers the most common and essential approach to attain the printed architectures with precisely tailored geometry. We finish the Review by giving a viewpoint of the upcoming 3D printing process and recognize some of the existing bottlenecks facing the blossoming 3D pharmaceutical, bioengineering, and food printing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiyar Shahbazi
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Henry Jäger
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Shrestha S, Shrestha BK, Ko SW, Kandel R, Park CH, Kim CS. Engineered cellular microenvironments from functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes integrating Zein/Chitosan @Polyurethane for bone cell regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 251:117035. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ranjbar FE, Foroutan F, Hajian M, Ai J, Farsinejad A, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Dehghan MM, Azami M. Preparation and characterization of 58S bioactive glass based scaffold with Kaempferol-containing Zein coating for bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 109:1259-1270. [PMID: 33354913 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare a porous scaffold out of 58S bioactive glass as the bare and coated with Zein to improve mechanical properties and acting as a carrier for Kaempferol controlled delivery. Porosity and morphology, mechanical properties, drug release behavior, bioactivity, cell attachment, and biodegradation of the scaffolds were evaluated accordingly. Obtained results indicated that the scaffolds coated by (7wt/v %) Zein solution, showed the highest mechanical strength (3.06 ± 0.4 MPa) and desirable porous morphology. These scaffolds could support bioactivity, cell attachment, and provide sustained drug release in the safe range of Kaempferol concentration confirmed via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide analysis. Overall, this study showed that the Zein-coated scaffold possesses superior properties rather than bare scaffold, and the scaffolds coated with 7wt/v % Zein solution could be considered as appropriate scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farzad Foroutan
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mahdieh Hajian
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Farsinejad
- Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Somaye Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Azami
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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