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Akoumeh R, Noun M, Ponnamma D, Al-Ejji M, Zadeh KM, Hawari AH, Song K, Hassan MK. A versatile route for the fabrication of micro-patterned polylactic-acid (PLA)-based membranes with tailored morphology via breath figure imprinting. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:3787-3797. [PMID: 38639209 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00107a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Breath figure imprinting, based on surface instabilities combined with fast polymer evaporation in a humid environment, enables the creation of micro-patterned membranes with tailored pore sizes. Despite being a simple procedure, it is still challenging to fully understand the dynamics behind the formation of hierarchical structuring. In this work, we used the breath figure technique to prepare porous PLA-based (polylactic acid) membranes with two distinctive additives, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The selection of these additives was governed by their unique properties and the potential synergistic effects; when blended with PLA, the addition of NPs leads to more uniform structures with tunable characteristics and potential multifunctionality. This article sheds light on the multifaced interactions that intricate the interplays between PLA, PVDF, and ZnO, thus governing their assembly. Through a comprehensive investigation, we scrutinize the impact of blending PVDF and different concentrations of ZnO NPs on the morphology and chemical properties of the final self-assembled PLA membranes while presenting an advanced understanding of the potential applications of PLA-self-assembly porous membranes in various industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Akoumeh
- Center for Advanced Materials Qatar University P.O. BOX 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Manale Noun
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, National Council for Scientific Research, B. P. 11-8281, Riad El Solh 1107, 2260 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Deepalekshmi Ponnamma
- Materials Science and Technology Program, Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maryam Al-Ejji
- Center for Advanced Materials Qatar University P.O. BOX 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Khadija M Zadeh
- Center for Advanced Materials Qatar University P.O. BOX 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Alaa H Hawari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Kenan Song
- Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia (UGA), 302 E. Campus Rd., Athens 30602, USA
- Adjunct Professor at the School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ 85212, USA
| | - Mohammad K Hassan
- Center for Advanced Materials Qatar University P.O. BOX 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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2
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Yang E, Park S, Kim Y, Yanar N, Choi H. Fabrication and Investigation of Acid Functionalized CNT Blended Nanocomposite Hollow Fiber Membrane for High Filtration and Antifouling Performance in Ultrafiltration Process. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:70. [PMID: 36676876 PMCID: PMC9867267 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we fabricated a nanocomposite polyethersulfone (PES) HF membrane by blending acid functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNT) to address the issue of reduced membrane life, increased energy consumption, and operating costs due to low permeability and membrane fouling in the ultrafiltration process. Additionally, we investigated the effect of FCNT blending on the membrane in terms of the physicochemical properties of the membrane and the filtration and antifouling performance. The FCNT/PES nanocomposite HF membrane exhibited increased water permeance from 110.1 to 194.3 LMH/bar without sacrificing rejection performance and increased the flux recovery ratio from 89.0 to 95.4%, compared to a pristine PES HF membrane. This study successfully developed a high filtration and antifouling polymer-based HF membrane by blending FCNT. Furthermore, it was validated that blending FCNT into the membrane enhances the filtration and antifouling performance in the ultrafiltration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunmok Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinyun Park
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Yeji Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Numan Yanar
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Heechul Choi
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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3
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Khashij M, Mokhtari M, Dalvand A, Haghiralsadat F, Fallahzadeh H, Hossein Salmani M. Recycled PET/metal oxides nanocomposite membrane for treatment of real industrial effluents: Membrane fabrication, stability, antifouling behavior, and process modeling and optimization. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mat Radzi NH, Ahmad AL. Double layer PVDF blends PVDF‐HFP membrane with modified ZnO nanoparticles for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Hafifah Mat Radzi
- School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan Nibong Tebal Pulau Pinang 14300 Malaysia
| | - Abdul Latif Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan Nibong Tebal Pulau Pinang 14300 Malaysia
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Kamaludin R, Abdul Majid L, Othman MHD, Mansur S, Sheikh Abdul Kadir SH, Wong KY, Khongnakorn W, Puteh MH. Polyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF) Hollow Fiber Membrane Incorporated with Antibacterial and Anti-Fouling by Zinc Oxide for Water and Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020110. [PMID: 35207032 PMCID: PMC8878803 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The addition of antibacterial material to hollow fiber membranes improves the membrane anti-biofouling characteristics. Antibacterial membranes were fabricated in this study to improve membrane function while also extending membrane lifetime. Neat polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and PVDF hollow fiber membrane with the incorporation of antibacterial agent zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with various loading (2.5–7.5 wt.%) were fabricated by using dry/wet spinning method. The membrane structure, particle distribution, functional group, hydrophilicity, and pore size of each membrane were all assessed. The result shows that all ZnO/PVDF hollow fiber membranes have the asymmetric structure with even dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles throughout the membranes. The results showed that increased ZnO loadings considerably improved membrane hydrophilicity, and average pore size, in addition to good performance of pure water flux. Antibacterial testing shows that ZnO incorporated in the membrane matrix and membrane surfaces prevents bacteria that cause biofouling from adhering to the membrane. ZnO/PVDF membrane recorded excellent bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection at 93.4% ± 0.4 with flux recovery rate at 70.9% ± 2.1. These results suggest that antibacterial ZnO/PVDF hollow fiber membranes are promising in relation to reducing biofouling for various water and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roziana Kamaludin
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.H.P.)
| | - Lubna Abdul Majid
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.H.P.)
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sumarni Mansur
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.H.P.)
| | - Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensics (I-PPerForM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Keng Yinn Wong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - Watsa Khongnakorn
- Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand;
| | - Mohd Hafiz Puteh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.H.P.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
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Khan AA, Maitlo HA, Khan IA, Lim D, Zhang M, Kim KH, Lee J, Kim JO. Metal oxide and carbon nanomaterial based membranes for reverse osmosis and membrane distillation: A comparative review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111716. [PMID: 34293311 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Commercial membranes typically suffer from fouling and wetting during membrane distillation (MD). In contrast, reverse osmosis (RO) can be subject to the fouling issue if applied for highly saline feed solutions containing foulants (e.g., organics, oils, and surfactants). Among the diverse treatment options, the nanomaterial-based membranes have recently gained great interest due to their advantageous properties (e.g., enhanced flux and roughness, better pore size distribution, and higher conductivity). This review focuses on recent advances in the mechanical properties, anti-fouling capabilities, salt rejection, and economic viability of metal oxide (SiO2, TiO2, and ZnO) and carbon nanomaterial (graphene oxide/carbon nanotube)-based membranes. Current challenges in applying nanomaterial-based membranes are also discussed. The study further describes the preparation methods, mechanisms, commercial applications, and economical feasibility of metal oxide- and carbon nanomaterial-based membrane technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmad Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; Department of Civil Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Hubdar Ali Maitlo
- Department of Energy & Environment Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering & Technology, M.A. Jinnah road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
| | - Imtiaz Afzal Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Daehwan Lim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Oh Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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Frappa M, Castillo AEDR, Macedonio F, Luca GD, Drioli E, Gugliuzza A. Exfoliated Bi 2Te 3-enabled membranes for new concept water desalination: Freshwater production meets new routes. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117503. [PMID: 34388495 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity forces the science to find the most environmentally friendly propulsion technology for supplying plentiful freshwater at low energy costs. Membrane Distillation well meets criteria of eco-friendly management of natural resources, but it is not yet competitive on scale. Herein, we use a dichalchogenide compound (Bi2Te3) as a conceivable source to accelerate the redesign of advanced membranes technologies such as thermally driven membrane distillation. A procedure based on assisted dispersant liquid phase exfoliation is used to fill PVDF membranes. Key insights are gained in the crucial role of this topological material confined in hydrophobic membranes dedicated to recovery of freshwater from synthetic seawater. Intensified water flux together with reduced energy consumption is obtained into one pot, thereby gathering ultrafast production and thermal efficiency in a single device. Bi2Te3-enabled membranes show ability to reduce the resistance to mass transfer while high resistance to heat loss is opposite. Permeate flux is kept stable and salt rejection is higher than 99.99% during 23 h-MD test. Our results confirm the effectiveness of chalcogenides as frontier materials for new-concept water desalination through breakthrough thermally-driven membrane distillation, which is regarded as a new low-energy and sustainable solution to address the growing demand for access to freshwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Frappa
- Research Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM), Via Pietro Bucci 17C, Rende CS 87036, Italy
| | - A E Del Rio Castillo
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Via Morego 3016163, Italy
| | - F Macedonio
- Research Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM), Via Pietro Bucci 17C, Rende CS 87036, Italy
| | - G Di Luca
- Research Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM), Via Pietro Bucci 17C, Rende CS 87036, Italy
| | - E Drioli
- Research Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM), Via Pietro Bucci 17C, Rende CS 87036, Italy; Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - A Gugliuzza
- Research Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM), Via Pietro Bucci 17C, Rende CS 87036, Italy.
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Demirel E, Dadashov S. Fabrication of a novel PVDF based silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotube embedded membrane with improved filtration performance. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2021.1935253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Demirel
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Sakhavat Dadashov
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Karimi R, Homayoonfal M. The supplement role of iron oxide and zirconium oxide nanoparticles as an advanced composite compound for enhancing the efficiency of thin‐film nanocomposite membranes. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering, University of Isfahan Isfahan Iran
| | - Maryam Homayoonfal
- Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering, University of Isfahan Isfahan Iran
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Study on thermo-kinetic modeling of green route synthesized inorganic loading on PVDF membrane for Cr(VI) removal and its optimization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Mat Radzi NH, Ahmad AL. Effect of ZnO nanoparticles loading in double‐layer polyvinylidene fluoride membrane for desalination via direct contact membrane distillation. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdul Latif Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Nibong Tebal Penang 14300 Malaysia
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Arif Z, Sethy NK, Mishra PK, Verma B. Development of eco-friendly, self-cleaning, antibacterial membrane for the elimination of chromium (VI) from tannery wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : IJEST 2020; 17:4265-4280. [PMID: 32421070 PMCID: PMC7223799 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-020-02753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was reformed to the hydrophilic membrane by incorporating synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Cajanus cajan seed extract. Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques characterized the composite membrane. The X-ray diffraction confirms the anatase phase of titanium dioxide nanoparticles of crystalline size 15.89 nm. The effect of titanium dioxide concentration on the thermodynamical and rheological properties on the polyvinylidene fluoride casting solution was investigated by the triangle phase diagram and viscosity measurement. It was concluded that titanium dioxide introduction caused thermodynamic enhancement, but the impact of rheological hinderance was higher at high concentrations. The polyvinylidene fluoride/titanium dioxide membranes were used as a bi-functional membrane to evaluate the rejection of chromium (VI) from wastewater; then, they were applied as sunlight-active catalyst membrane to reduce the concentrated chromium (VI) to chromium (III) by reduction. It was concluded that at 0.02 wt% of titanium dioxide, the maximum rejection of 85.59% and a% reduction of 92% was achieved with enhanced flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Arif
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - N. K. Sethy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - P. K. Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - B. Verma
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
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Arumugham T, Kaleekkal NJ, Rana D, Sathiyanarayanan KI. PFOM fillers embedded PVDF/cellulose dual-layered membranes with hydrophobic-hydrophilic channels for desalination via direct contact membrane distillation process. RSC Adv 2019; 9:41462-41474. [PMID: 35541587 PMCID: PMC9076459 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08945d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research work, novel perfluorooctanoic acid-modified melamine (PFOM) was synthesized as a hydrophobic filler using a facile one-pot synthesis. PFOM incorporating polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solution was cast on a cellulose sheet to prepare a dual-layered membrane employing the phase-inversion technique for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) application. The influence of PFOM to tailor the dual-layered membrane performance was then investigated. The long perfluoro chain in PFOM hydrophobic fillers increased the surface roughness of the membranes due to its random overlapping with PVDF backbone, and these membranes exhibited a higher water contact angle value. The increase in pore size and membrane porosity did not significantly influence the liquid entry pressure of water (LEPw). The microporous membranes displayed good mechanical strength for use in the test setup. Pure water permeation was the highest (6.9 kg m-2 h-1) for membrane (M1) with 1 wt% of PFOM when tested with a simulated sea-water solution (3.5% w/v NaCl) in the direct contact distillation mode. These membranes also achieved the theoretical salt-rejection of 99.9%, thus confirming the potential of these membranes to be investigated for large scale membrane distillation (MD) applications like desalination of seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivelan Arumugham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore Tamil Nadu India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC) Kerala India
| | - Dipak Rana
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Industrial Membrane Research Institute, University of Ottawa 161 Louis Pasteur St. Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Kulathu Iyer Sathiyanarayanan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore Tamil Nadu India
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Antibacterial dynamic membranes loaded by cephalexin/amine-functionalized SBA_15 for Pb(II) ions removal. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-019-0391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ardeshiri F, Akbari A, Peyravi M, Jahanshahi M. PDADMAC/PAA semi-IPN hydrogel-coated PVDF membrane for robust anti-wetting in membrane distillation. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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