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Homagai PL, Poudel R, Paudyal H, Ghimire KN, Bhattarai A. Adsorption of nitrate and nitrite anion by modified maize stalks from aqueous solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54682-54693. [PMID: 36881243 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The newly developed aminated maize stalk (AMS) was prepared by a chemical process using charred maize stalk (CMS). The AMS was used for the removal of nitrate and nitrite ions from aqueous media. The effects of initial anion concentration, contact time, and pH were studied by the batch method. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM , and elemental analysis. The concentration of the nitrate and nitrite solution before and after was determined with the help of a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The maximum adsorption capacities were found to be 294.11 mg/g for nitrate and 232.55 mg/g for nitrite, respectively, at pH 5 for both ions attaining equilibrium within 60 min. The BET surface area of AMS was found to be 25.3 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.02cc/g. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fit well, and the adsorption data supported the Langmuir isotherm. The findings revealed that AMS has a high capability for removing nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) ions from their aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puspa Lal Homagai
- Department of Chemistry, Amrit Campus, Tribhuvan University, Lainchour, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ramkrishna Poudel
- Department of Chemistry, Amrit Campus, Tribhuvan University, Lainchour, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Hari Paudyal
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Kedar Nath Ghimire
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ajaya Bhattarai
- Department of Chemistry, Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Biratnagar, Nepal.
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
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Synthesis, Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Study of Alkaline- Treated Zeolite/Chitosan/Fe 3+ Composites for Nitrate Removal from Aqueous Solution-Anion and Dye Effects. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120782. [PMID: 36547306 PMCID: PMC9777915 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, alkaline-treated zeolite/chitosan/Fe3+ (ZLCH-Fe) composites were prepared and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and pH of zero point of charge (pHzpc) to remove nitrates from water. The process was carried out using an adsorption method with a varied initial pH, adsorbent dosage, initial nitrate concentration and contact time. The pHzpc demonstrated that the ZLCH-Fe surface had a positive charge between 2 and 10, making it easier to capture the negative charge of nitrate. However, the optimal pH value is 7. After 270 min, the maximum adsorption capacity and percent removal reached 498 mg/g and 99.64%, respectively. Freundlich and pseudo-second-order were fitted to the adsorption isotherm and kinetic models, respectively. An evaluation was conducted on the effects of anions-SO42- and PO43--and dyes-methylene blue (MB) and acid red 88 (AR88)-upon nitrate removal. The results indicated that the effect of the anion could be inhibited, in contrast to dye effects. However, the optimal pH values were changed to 10 for MB and 2 for AR88, resulting in a hydrogel formation. This might be indicated by the protonation of hydroxyl and amino groups resulting from a chitosan nitrate reaction in the AR88 solution.
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Dovi E, Aryee AA, Li J, Li Z, Qu L, Han R. Amine-grafted walnut shell for efficient removal of phosphate and nitrate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:20976-20995. [PMID: 34748176 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16963-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of emerging pollutants such as PO43- and NO3- in water bodies has attracted worldwide concern about their severe effects on water bodies and the health of humankind in general. Therefore, to preserve the health of humankind and environmental safety, it is of the essence that industrial effluents are treated before they are discharged into water bodies. Amine functionalized walnut shells (ACWNS) were synthesized, characterized, and then tested as a novel adsorbent for PO43- and NO3- removal. The effects of pH, dosage, initial phosphate concentration, interference ions, and temperature on the removal of phosphate and nitrate were investigated. Notably, the adsorption of PO43- and NO3- was exothermic and spontaneous, with a maximum uptake capacity of phosphate and nitrate, at 293 K, 82.2 and 35.7 mg g-1, respectively. The mechanism by which these ions were adsorbed onto ACWNS could be electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted the PO43- and NO3- adsorption, while Freundlich and Langmuir models best fitted the PO43- and NO3- adsorption, respectively. Furthermore, in the binary system, the uptake capacity of phosphate decreased by 14.4% while nitrate witnessed a reduction in its uptake capacity of 10.4%. ACWNS has a higher attraction towards both ions and this could be attributed to the existence of a variety of active areas on ACWNS that exhibit a degree of specificity for the individual ions. Results obtained from real water sample analysis confirmed ACWNS as highly efficient to be utilized for practical remediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evans Dovi
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Aaron Albert Aryee
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingbo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Runping Han
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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Keshvardoostchokami M, Majidi M, Zamani A, Liu B. A review on the use of chitosan and chitosan derivatives as the bio-adsorbents for the water treatment: Removal of nitrogen-containing pollutants. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118625. [PMID: 34561018 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan and its derivatives have been widely used as the adsorbents for different types of water pollutants. This review paper lists various physically and chemically modified chitosan-based adsorbents such as chitosan beads, cross-linked chitosan, chitosan-polymer composites, chitosan-inorganic material composites, and chitosan-metal complexes for the removal of nitrogen-containing pollutants (nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and ammonium ions) from aqueous solutions. It covers preparation strategies, the effect of modification on adsorbent structure, and the impact of adsorption variables using batch and fixed-bed column studies. In addition to demonstrating the applications of chitosan and its derivatives in the removal of nitrogenous pollutants from water, it helps researchers understand the influence of modification of chitosan on its adsorption capacity as well as physical and chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Keshvardoostchokami
- Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Xincun West Road 266, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Mahyar Majidi
- Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Xincun West Road 266, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Abbasali Zamani
- Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Bo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Xincun West Road 266, Zibo 255000, China.
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Ahmed M, Hameed B, Hummadi E. Insight into the chemically modified crop straw adsorbents for the enhanced removal of water contaminants: A review. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chen C, Guo Y, Long L, Chen K, Hu X, Xue Y. Biodegradable chitosan-ethylene glycol hydrogel effectively adsorbs nitrate in water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:32762-32769. [PMID: 32519097 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate, existing as inorganic anions in water, possesses high water-solubility and has caused lots of contaminations around the world. It is thus extremely urgent to develop an effective method to effectively remove nitrate from water in a sustainable way. In this study, chitosan-ethylene glycol hydrogel (CEGH) was synthesized using the repeated freezing-thawing procedure. A range of batch sorption experiments were conducted to evaluate CEGH as a nitrate sorbent. The adsorption isotherms of nitrate onto CEGH followed the Langmuir model with coefficient of determination of 0.98 and a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 49.04 mg/g, which is higher than that of other adsorbents. The adsorption of nitrate onto CEGH was affected by pH value and temperature. The results indicate that the main removal mechanism was polarity of CEGH molecules given by functional group O-H and N-H and hydrogen bond interaction between CEGH and nitrate molecules under acidic conditions. Therefore, CEGH, a biodegradable carbon-rich adsorbent, can be widely applied to remove nitrate in wastewater treatment and water body remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiwei Guo
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Long
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Keyan Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingwen Xue
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Faraji B, Zarabi M, Kolahchi Z. Phosphorus removal from aqueous solution using modified walnut and almond wooden shell and recycling as soil amendment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:373. [PMID: 32418016 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Modified walnut wooden shell (MWWS) and almond wooden shell (MAWS) as novel anion exchangers were used to remove phosphorus (P) from aqueous solution. The raw and modified agricultural wastes were characterized using total N, total P, FT-IR spectra, SEM, BET, and EXD analysis. The effect of different parameters such as pH (4 to 8), contact time (5 to 600 min), and adsorbent dosage (1 to 8 g L-1) on P adsorption was investigated. Adsorption of P onto MWWS and MAWS was studied using the batch technique with different concentration of P (5 to 200 mg L-1) at 25 ± 2 °C. The P adsorption isotherms were fitted with the Freundlich and Langmuir equations. The k and n values were 1.57 mg g-1 and 1.88 for MWWS and 1.91 mg g-1 and 2.24 for MAWS, respectively. The maximum P adsorption capacities for MWWS and MAWS were 22.73 and 14.71 mg g-1, respectively. The desorption-regeneration experimental results indicated about 4% and 3% reductions in MWWS and MAWS P adsorption efficiency after four consecutive regeneration cycles, respectively. The data well fitted with Pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 ≥ 0.99), indicating that chemical interactions dominate the P adsorption process. Incubation studies showed the rate of P release in treated soil with P-loaded modified biosorbents was higher than control. Therefore, the MWWS and MAWS can potentially be used as an excellent adsorbent in remediation of contaminated waters by P and then recycled to soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Faraji
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Zarabi
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran.
| | - Zahra Kolahchi
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
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Microscopic, spectroscopic, and experimental approach towards understanding the phosphate adsorption onto Zn–Fe layered double hydroxide. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Comparative studies on revival of nitrate and phosphate ions using quaternized corn husk and jackfruit peel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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