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Ha HJ, Kang SJ, Jeong JH, Ma JH, Park MH, Kim W, Ha A, Kim S, Park S, Kang SJ. Real-Time Ultraviolet Monitoring System with Low-Temperature Solution-Processed High-Transparent p-n Junction Photodiode with a Fast Responsive and High Rectification Ratio. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:40139-40148. [PMID: 39024130 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
We introduce an enhanced performance organic-inorganic hybrid p-n junction photodiode, utilizing poly[bis(4-phenyl) (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) and ZnO, fabricated through a solution-based process at a low temperature under 100 °C. Improved interfacial electronic structure, characterized by shallower Gaussian standard deviation of the density-of-state distribution and a larger interface dipole, has resulted in a remarkable fold increase of ∼102 in signal-to-noise ratio for the device. This photodiode exhibits a high specific detectivity (2.32 × 1011 Jones, cm × Hz × W - 1 ) and exceptional rectification ratio (5.47 × 104 at ±1 V). The primary light response, concentrated in the optimal thickness of the PTAA layer, contributes to response over the entire UVA region and rapid response speed, with rise and fall times of 0.24 and 0.64 ms, respectively. Furthermore, this work demonstrates immense potential of our device for health monitoring applications by enabling real-time and continuous measurements of UV intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoun Ji Ha
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science & Technology (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jae Kang
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science & Technology (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyung Jeong
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science & Technology (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Ma
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science & Technology (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Park
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science & Technology (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Kim
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Aelim Ha
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwan Kim
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyung Park
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Nano & Information Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jun Kang
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science & Technology (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Abd-Alghafour NM, Kadhim IH, Naeem GA. UV detector characteristics of ZnO thin film deposited on Corning glass substrates using low-cost fabrication method. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE: MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS 2022; 33:23888-23899. [DOI: 10.1007/s10854-021-07252-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Electrochemical synthesis of Zinc oxide/polymer/phosphotungstic acid composites for a UV detector. POLISH JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/pjct-2022-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
ZnO is an ideal material for UV detection. However, due to the surface effect of ZnO, the photosensitivity of the ZnO based UV detector needs to be improved. In this study, we deposited a hydroxyl group functionalized (3,4-propylenethiophene) polymer (PProDOT-OH) film onto a hydrothermally grown ZnO nanoarray by electro-chemical deposition method to prevent the corrosion of ZnO by phosphotungsten acid (PWA), and then PWA was drip-coated on the composite film to prepare the ZnO/PProDOT-OH/PWA composite based UV detector. The structure and morphology of the composite were characterized by SEM, UV–vis, FT-IR, XRD, Raman, EDS, XPS analysis, illustrating the phosphotungstic acid was uniformly coated on ZnO/PProDOT-OH surface and confirming the composite was successfully synthesized. The UV detection performance was studied through preparing a UV detector with the composite material and results indicate that the introduction of PWA could enhance the responsivity of the ZnO/PProDOT-OH composite-based UV detector.
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Helil Z, Jamal R, Niyaz M, Sawut N, Li J, Liu Y, Ali A, Abdiryim T. Electrochemical Preparation of ZnO/PEDOT‐Type Conducting Polymers Composites for Ultraviolet Photodetector. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zulpikar Helil
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region Institute of Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 Xinjiang PR China
| | - Ruxangul Jamal
- Key Laboratory of Petroleum and Gas Fine Chemicals Educational Ministry of China College of Chemical Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 Xinjiang PR China
| | - Mariyam Niyaz
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region Institute of Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 Xinjiang PR China
| | - Nurbiye Sawut
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region Institute of Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 Xinjiang PR China
| | - Junxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region Institute of Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 Xinjiang PR China
| | - Yajun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region Institute of Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 Xinjiang PR China
| | - Ahmat Ali
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Xinjiang Institute of Engineering Urumqi 830023 Xinjiang PR China
| | - Tursun Abdiryim
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region Institute of Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 Xinjiang PR China
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Deva Arun Kumar K, Mele P, Anitha M, Varadharajaperumal S, Alagarasan D, Alhokbany NS, Ahamad T, Alshehri SM. Simplified chemical processed Cd 1-xAl xS thin films for high-performance photodetector applications. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:195901. [PMID: 33761496 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abf199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this present investigation, we report the effect of aluminum (Al) doping on the photoelectric performance of cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films prepared by cost-effective automatic nebulizer spray method. The doping of Al concentrations varied from 1 at.% to 9 at.% in the steps of 3 at.%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show hexagonal crystal structure with polycrystalline nature and the enrichment of crystallite sizes as a function of Al doping concentrations. The formed impurity phase i.e. CdO might be helpful in enhancing the photoelectric performance by its additional photo-generated charge carriers. The optical studies confirm the maximum absorption showed in the visible spectral range with the corresponding minimum bandgap of 2.28 eV for 6 at.% of Al. The room temperature photoluminescence studies show an increase of near-band-edge (NBE) emission as a function of Al doping concentration and this NBE is close to the obtained bandgap in terms of wavelength. In addition, the observed red emission at 635 nm is due to the surface-related impurities or native defect states. From the present work, the observed responsivity (R), external quantum efficiency (EQE) and detectivity (D*) of the CdS:Al detectors are 8.64 AW-1, ∼2018% and 9.29 × 1011jones, respectively for the optimum 6 at.% of CdS:Al film. The performance of CdS:Al films reported in this work are significantly improved when compared with literature reports. The present investigation, therefore offers a potential material, CdS:Al, as a photodetector for various scientific and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Mele
- Shibaura Institute of Technology, College of Engineering, 337-8570, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Anitha
- Department of Physics, Sri Vidhya College of Arts and Science, Virudhunagar-626005, India
| | - S Varadharajaperumal
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | | | - Norah S Alhokbany
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Synthesis and Properties of p-Si/n-Cd1−xAgxO Heterostructure for Transparent Photodiode Devices. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11040425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We developed silver-doped Cd1–xAgxO thin films (where x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04) on amorphous glass substrate by an automated nebulizer spray pyrolysis set-up. The XRD patterns show rock salt cubic crystal structures, and the crystallite sizes vary with respect to Ag doping concentrations. SEM images exhibited a uniform distribution of grains with the addition of Ag; this feature could support the enhancement of electron mobility. The transmittance spectra reveal that all films show high transmittance in the visible region with the observed bandgap of about 2.40 eV. The room temperature photoluminescence (PL) studies show the increase of near-band-edge (NBE) emission of the films prepared by different Ag doping levels, resulting in respective decreases in the bandgaps. The photodiode performance was analyzed for the fabricated p-Si/n-Cd1–xAgxO devices. The responsivity, external quantum efficiency and detectivity of the prepared p-Si/n-Cd1–xAgxO device were investigated. The repeatability of the optimum (3 at.% Ag) photodiode was also studied. The present investigation suggests that Cd1–xAgxO thin films are the potential candidates for various industrial and photodetector applications.
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Deb P, Dhar JC. Boosted photoresponsivity using silver nanoparticle decorated TiO 2 nanowire/reduced graphene oxide thin-film heterostructure. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:285202. [PMID: 32182602 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab8084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report on the fabrication and use of a silver (Ag) nanoparticle (NP) decorated TiO2 nanowire (NW)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) thin-film (TF) heterostructure as a UV detector, using a controlled method called the glancing angle deposition technique. Transmission electron microscope images show Ag NPs (size 7-13 nm) covering the entire surface of the TiO2 NWs. A high absorption as well as photoluminescence for the Ag NP-TiO2 NW/RGO TF sample reveals the generation of a large number of electron-hole pairs compared to bare TiO2 NW. The resulting plasmonic UV photodetector from the Ag NP-TiO2 NW/RGO TF exhibits a rectification ratio of 5039 (+10 V) and responsivity of 1760 A W-1 at 350 nm light (with power density as low as 0.58 µ W cm-2). Moreover, the device shows fast response speed (rise time of 157 ms and fall time of 488 ms) with detectivity and noise equivalent power of 6.659 × 1013 Jones and 51 fW, respectively. The enhanced plasmonic field and high scattering of light, along with the high mobility RGO layer at the bottom, result in the superior performance of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Deb
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Dimapur 797103, India
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Verma KC, Goyal N, Kotnala RK. Lattice defect-formulated ferromagnetism and UV photo-response in pure and Nd, Sm substituted ZnO thin films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:12540-12554. [PMID: 31149686 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02285f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The induction of charge and spin in diluted magnetic semiconductor ZnO is explored for spintronic devices and its wide direct band gap (3.37 eV) and large exciton binding energy (60 meV) exhibit potential in UV photodetectors. We reported the ferromagnetic and optical properties of pure ZnO, Zn0.97Nd0.03O and Zn0.97Sm0.03O thin films. These thin films were synthesized by a metallo-organic decomposition method and annealed at 500 °C for 7 h. Rietveld refinement of the XRD data results in a wurtzite ZnO structure with Nd, Sm doping. The dopants and nanoparticle size are responsible for wurtzite structural deformation, inducing lattice strain effect, which may influence the band gap energy and high-TC ferromagnetism of ZnO. The average size of ZnO nanoparticles with Nd, Sm doping is 10 nm, confirmed with atomic force microscopy. The Raman spectra confirm the wurtzite structure of ZnO with crystalline quality and lattice defect formation with dopant Nd, Sm ions. A near-band-edge emission due to band gap energy is evaluated with photoluminescence spectra, which also involved multiple visible emissions due to oxygen vacancies. The oxygen vacancies-mediated magnetic interactions impart room temperature ferromagnetism in pure ZnO which is enhanced with Nd, Sm doping. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectra revealed the effects of defects and unpaired electrons responsible for observed room temperature ferromagnetism. The zero field cooling and field cooling magnetic measurements include antiferromagnetic interactions without any spin-glass formation. The observed ferromagnetism also correlates with first principle calculations reported for Nd, Sm-doped ZnO and suggests long-range ferromagnetic ordering attributed to defect carriers. The Nd, Sm doping into ZnO thin films significantly enhances absorption in the UV region and suggests its usability for UV detectors. Under UV irradiation (λ = 325 nm), the value of photocurrent in Nd, Sm:ZnO thin films is highly enhanced for possible use in UV sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Verma
- Ubiquitous Analytical Techniques Division, CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh 160030, India. and Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Navdeep Goyal
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - R K Kotnala
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110012, India
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