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Gvozdenko A, Blinov A, Golik A, Rekhman Z, Nagdalian A, Filippov D, Askerova A, Bocharov N, Kastarnova E, Hassan FA, AL-Farga A, Shariati MA. Harnessing the Power of a Novel Triple Chelate Complex in Fermented Probiotic Dairy Products: A Promising Solution for Combating Iron Deficiency Anemia. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:28594-28610. [PMID: 38973905 PMCID: PMC11223220 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This study discovered and examined novel triple chelate complexes involving iron, ascorbic acid, and essential amino acids (AsA-Fe-AmA triple chelate complexes) for the first time. The mechanism of complex formation was studied using FTIR spectroscopy and quantum chemical modeling. The produced complexes were shown to be suitable for fortifying food items with a pH of 3-7 that have not been exposed to heat treatment at temperatures over 75 °C for more than 15 min. Thus, it can be said that the concentration for milk fortification should be 0.005 mol/L or less. In vivo experiments in rats models revealed that the synthesized complexes increased serum iron levels after a single application to reference values within 24 h of oral administration. The iron level increased by 14.0 mmol/L at 2 mL dose of the complex. This fact makes it possible to consider the use of developed complexes and developed fermented dairy products for the prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Research on the effect of discovered compounds on the physicochemical and organoleptic qualities of milk was conducted. Furthermore, iron ascorbate threoninate, iron ascorbate methioninate, iron ascorbate lysinate, and iron ascorbate tryptophanate all had a beneficial effect on Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus at concentrations as low as 0.0005 mol/L, which is significant for milk fermentation. A study of fermented milk products revealed that the most effective AsA-Fe-AmA triple chelate complex is iron ascorbate lysinate, which might be further investigated as a viable molecule for dietary fortification in iron deficiency anemia. It was found that fortified fermented milk products had a titratable acidity of 67 ± 1°T, pH of 4.38 ± 0.05, and a viscosity of 2018 ± 142 Pa·s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Gvozdenko
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Andrey Blinov
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Alexey Golik
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Zafar Rekhman
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Andrey Nagdalian
- Laboratory
of Food and Industrial Biotechnology, North-Caucasus
Federal University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Dionis Filippov
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Alina Askerova
- Laboratory
of Food and Industrial Biotechnology, North-Caucasus
Federal University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Nikita Bocharov
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Elena Kastarnova
- Eterinary
Faculty, Stavropol Sate Agrarian University, Zootechnicheskiy Street 9, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Faten Abdo Hassan
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Microbiology, Taiz University, Taiz 9674, Yemen
| | - Ammar AL-Farga
- Department
of Biochemistry, College of Science, University
of Jeddah, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Scientific
Department, Semey Branch of the Kazakh Research
Institute of Processing and Food Industry, Gagarin Avenue 238G, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
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Suva MA, Tirgar PR. Comparative evaluation of different oral iron salts in the management of iron deficiency anemia. Daru 2024:10.1007/s40199-024-00517-y. [PMID: 38740692 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-024-00517-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia affects one-fourth of the world's population and is caused mostly by iron deficiency. Iron supplementation is the most essential strategy for preventing iron deficiency anemia. Conventional oral iron salts have many drawbacks such as poor absorption & bioavailability, and poor tolerability resulting in poor clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness and safety of ferrous ascorbate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous bis-glycinate, and Sucrosomial iron in the management of iron deficiency anemia. METHOD The study is a retrospective observational clinical study comprising 260 subjects with hemoglobin between 7-10 g/dl. The patients were divided into four groups I, II, III, and IV, and received ferrous fumarate, ferrous ascorbate, ferrous bis-glycinate, and Sucrosomial iron respectively. Hematological profile and iron store indices were measured at baseline and month 3. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple comparison test was used to assess statistical significance (P < 0.05) using GraphPad Prism V.9.3.1 software. RESULTS The observational study showed that hemoglobin levels were significantly increased in the ferrous ascorbate group (11.86 ± 0.09; P < 0.0001), ferrous fumarate group (11.72 ± 0.08; P < 0.0001), ferrous bis-glycinate group (11.69 ± 0.11; P = 0.0003) and Sucrosomial iron group (12.20 ± 0.1; P < 0.0001) compared to the baseline. The Sucrosomial iron-supplemented group showed significantly higher improvement in hemoglobin levels and serum ferritin levels compared to conventional oral iron salts (P < 0.05) with a better safety profile. CONCLUSION The Sucrosomial iron showed significantly higher improvement in hemoglobin levels and higher improvement in iron store indices parameters along with a good tolerability profile compared to other conventional oral iron salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj A Suva
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, RK University, Rajkot, 360020, Gujarat, India.
| | - Pravin R Tirgar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, RK University, Rajkot, 360020, Gujarat, India
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Hu S, Lin S, Xu H, He X, Chen L, Feng Q, Sun N. Molecular Mechanisms of Iron Transport and Homeostasis Regulated by Antarctic Krill-Derived Heptapeptide-Iron Complex. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7517-7532. [PMID: 38527166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the molecular mechanisms of iron transport and homeostasis regulated by the Antarctic krill-derived heptapeptide-iron (LVDDHFL-iron) complex were explored. LVDDHFL-iron significantly increased the hemoglobin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity levels, and iron contents in the liver and spleen to normal levels, regulated the gene expressions of iron homeostasis, and enhanced in vivo antioxidant capacity in iron-deficiency anemia mice (P < 0.05). The results revealed that iron ions within LVDDHFL-iron can be transported via the heme transporter and divalent metal transporter-1, and the absorption of LVDDHFL-iron involved receptor-mediated endocytosis. We also found that the transport of LVDDHFL-iron across cells via phagocytosis was facilitated by the up-regulation of the high mobility group protein, heat shock protein β, and V-type proton ATPase subunit, accompanied by the regulatory mechanism of autophagy. These findings provided deeper understandings of the mechanism of LVDDHFL-iron facilitating iron absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Hu
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Songyi Lin
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Special Dietary Food, Education Department of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Haowei Xu
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xueqing He
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Qi Feng
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Na Sun
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Special Dietary Food, Education Department of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
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Sun B, Tan B, Zhang P, Zhu L, Wei H, Huang T, Li C, Yang W. Iron deficiency anemia: a critical review on iron absorption, supplementation and its influence on gut microbiota. Food Funct 2024; 15:1144-1157. [PMID: 38235788 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04644c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) caused by micronutrient iron deficiency has attracted global attention due to its adverse health effects. The regulation of iron uptake and metabolism is finely controlled by various transporters and hormones in the body. Dietary iron intake and regulation are essential in maintaining human health and iron requirements. The review aims to investigate literature concerning dietary iron intake and systemic regulation. Besides, recent IDA treatment and dietary iron supplementation are discussed. Considering the importance of the gut microbiome, the interaction between bacteria and micronutrient iron in the gut is also a focus of this review. The iron absorption efficiency varies considerably according to iron type and dietary factors. Iron fortification remains the cost-effective strategy, although challenges exist in developing suitable iron fortificants and food vehicles regarding bioavailability and acceptability. Iron deficiency may alter the microbiome structure and promote the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gut, affecting immune balance and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Beibei Tan
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Panxue Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Lianlian Zhu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huamao Wei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Tao Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Chao Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Wenge Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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Zhang Y, Guo T, Huang L, He Z, Wang J, Mei H, Huang X, Wang K. Protective effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide on pregnant rats suffering from iron deficiency anemia via regulation of the hepcidin-FPN1 axis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128016. [PMID: 37967601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common micronutrient deficiency among pregnant women with deleterious maternal and fetal outcomes. Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) has been shown to reduce hepcidin expression in IDA rats. However, the role of ASP in the treatment of IDA during pregnancy and its potential mechanisms have not been investigated. Moreover, the effect of ASP on duodenal iron absorption is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive efficacy of ASP against IDA during pregnancy and clarify the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that ASP improved maternal hematological parameters, increased serum iron, maternal tissue iron, and fetal liver iron content, and improved pregnancy outcomes. Additionally, ASP combated oxidative stress caused by iron deficiency by improving the body's antioxidant capacity. Western blot results demonstrated that ASP downregulated hepcidin expression by blocking the BMP6/SMAD4, JAK2/STAT3 and TfR2/HFE signaling pathways, which in turn increased the expression of FPN1 in the liver, spleen, and duodenum and promoted iron cycling in the body. Furthermore, ASP increased the expression of DMT1 and Dcytb in the duodenum, thereby facilitating duodenal iron uptake. Our results suggest that ASP is a potential agent for the prevention and treatment of IDA during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zihao He
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jinglin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Kaiping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nature Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China.
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6
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Yang H, Zang X, Jin X, Chen J, Lv Y, Lv Z. Efficacy of polysaccharide iron complex in IDA rats: A comparative study with iron protein succinylate and ferrous succinate. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115991. [PMID: 38086149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutrient-related health problem in the world. There is still a lack of comprehensive comparative study on the efficacies of commonly used iron supplements such as polysaccharide iron complex (PIC), iron protein succinylate (IPS) and ferrous succinate (FS) for IDA. In this study, we compared the PIC, IPS and FS efficacies in IDA rats via intragastric administration. The results showed that the three iron supplements had similar efficacies. PIC/IPS/FS at a dose of 15 mg Fe/kg/d for 10 d increased the hematological and serum biochemical parameters to 2.15/2.12/2.18 (Hb), 1.71/1.67/1.69 (RBC), 2.10/2.11/2.12 (HCT), 1.26/1.22/1.22 (MCV), all 1.34 (MCH), 1.15/1.15/1.14 (MCHC), 1.94/1.82/1.91 (SF), 9.75/9.67/9.53 (SI), and 23.30/22.68/21.64 (TS) times, and reduced TIBC to 0.42/0.43/0.44 times, compared to untreated IDA rats. PIC performed slightly better than IPS and FS in restoring MCV level. Meanwhile, the heart, spleen and kidney coefficients reduced to 67%/74%/65% (heart), all 59% (spleen) and 87%/88%/88% (kidney), and the liver coefficient increased to 116%/115%/116%, compared to untreated IDA rats. The liver iron content was found to be more affected by IDA than the spleen iron content. PIC/IPS/FS at 15 mg Fe/kg/d increased organ iron contents to 4.20/3.97/4.03 times (liver) and 1.36/1.24/1.41 times (spleen) within 10 d compared to untreated IDA rats, and PIC-H and FS were slightly better than IPS in restoring spleen iron content. The results of this study can provide useful data information for the comparison of three iron supplements, PIC, IPS and FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Yang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Xiaoling Zang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266235, China.
| | - Xinyu Jin
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Jiejun Chen
- SPH Qingdao Growful Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266510, China
| | - Yinggang Lv
- SPH Qingdao Growful Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266510, China
| | - Zhihua Lv
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266235, China
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7
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Shi C, Cheng C, Lin X, Qian Y, Du Y, Chen G. Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide-iron(III) complex used to treat iron deficiency anemia after being absorbed via GLUT2 and SGLT1 transporters. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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8
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Feng Y, Wassie T, Wu Y, Wu X. Advances on novel iron saccharide-iron (III) complexes as nutritional supplements. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37366165 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2222175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is prevalent worldwide, and iron supplementation is a promising strategy to address iron needs of the body. However, traditional oral supplements such as ferrous sulfate, ferrous succinate, and ferrous gluconate are absorbed in the form of ferrous ions, leading to lipid peroxidation and side effects due to other reasons. In recent years, saccharide-iron (III) complexes (SICs) as novel iron supplements have aroused attention for the high iron absorption rate and no gastrointestinal irritation at oral doses. In addition, research on the biological activities of SICs revealed that they also exhibited good abilities in treating anemia, eliminating free radicals, and regulating the immune response. This review focused on the preparation, structural characterization, and bioactivities of these new iron supplements, as promising candidates for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Feng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Teketay Wassie
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
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9
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Hu S, Lin S, Feng Q, He X, Xu H, Chen L, Sun N. Iron Complexes with Antarctic Krill-Derived Peptides Show Superior Effectiveness to Their Original Protein-Iron Complexes in Mice with Iron Deficiency Anemia. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112510. [PMID: 37299473 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Antarctic krill protein-iron complex and peptide-iron complex were acquired to investigate their iron bioavailability, expression of iron-regulated genes, and in vivo antioxidant capacity. Results indicated that the Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex significantly increased the hemoglobin (Hb), serum iron (SI), and iron contents in the liver and spleen in iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) mice (p < 0.05) compared with those of the Antarctic krill protein-iron complex. Despite the gene expressions of the divalent metal transporter 1(DMT1), the transferrin (Tf), and the transferrin receptor (TfR) being better regulated by both Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex and protein-iron complex, the relative iron bioavailability of the Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex group (152.53 ± 21.05%) was significantly higher than that of the protein-iron complex group (112.75 ± 9.60%) (p < 0.05). Moreover, Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex could enhance the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), reduce the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in IDA mice compared with the protein-iron complex, and reduce the cell damage caused by IDA. Therefore, these results indicated that Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex could be used as a highly efficient and multifunctional iron supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Hu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Songyi Lin
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Qi Feng
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xueqing He
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Haowei Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Na Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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10
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Long J, Ye Z, Li X, Tian Y, Bai Y, Chen L, Qiu C, Xie Z, Jin Z, Svensson B. Enzymatic preparation and potential applications of agar oligosaccharides: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5818-5834. [PMID: 36547517 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2158452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides derived from agar, that is, agarooligosaccharides and neoagarooligosaccharides, have demonstrated various kinds of bioactivities which have been utilized in a variety of fields. Enzymatic hydrolysis is a feasible approach that principally allows for obtaining specific agar oligosaccharides in a sustainable way at an industrial scale. This review summarizes recent technologies employed to improve the properties of agarase. Additionally, the relationship between the degree of polymerization, bioactivities, and potential applications of agar-derived oligosaccharides for pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and agricultural industries are discussed. Engineered agarase exhibited general improvement of enzymatic performance, which is mostly achieved by truncation. Rational and semi-rational design assisted by computational methods present the latest strategy for agarase improvement with greatest potential to satisfy future industrial needs. Agarase immobilized on magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles via covalent bond formation showed characteristics well suited for industry. Additionally, albeit with the relationship between the degree of polymerization and versatile bioactivities like anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial agents, prebiotics and in skin care of agar-derived oligosaccharides are discussed here, further researches are still needed to unravel the complicated relationship between bioactivity and structure of the different oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Long
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ziying Ye
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xingfei Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yaoqi Tian
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuxiang Bai
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Long Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao Qiu
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengjun Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Effect of hemoglobin extracted from Tegillarca granosa on iron deficiency anemia in mice. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112031. [PMID: 36461251 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. This study was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of hemoglobin from Tegillarca granosa (T. granosa) on IDA in mice. Mice were randomly divided into five groups: a normal control group, an anemia model group, a positive (FeSO4) control group, a low-dose and high-dose hemoglobin groups. After 4-week iron supplements administration, it was observed that hemoglobin at 2.0 mg iron/kg body weight had better restorative effective on IDA mice than that of FeSO4 with regard to routine blood parameters and serum biochemical indicators. Meanwhile, the IDA-caused alterations of organ coefficients and liver morphology were ameliorated in mice after hemoglobin supplementation in a dose-dependent manner. Further correlation analysis of indicators showed that serum ferritin (iron storage protein) and soluble transferrin receptor (cellular iron uptake membrane glycoprotein) were susceptible to iron deficiency, indicating possibledisorder of iron metabolism caused by IDA. And levels of serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor were restored after administration of hemoglobin. These findings confirmed the safety and effectiveness of T. granosa derived hemoglobin in alleviating IDA in mice, suggesting its great potential as an alternative for iron supplementation.
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12
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Effects of Iron Supplementation on Testicular Function and Spermatogenesis of Iron-Deficient Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102063. [PMID: 35631204 PMCID: PMC9144601 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world. Previous studies have shown that iron deficiency increases oxidative stress and decreases antioxidant enzymes, and studies of male infertility indicated that oxidative stress may affect male reproductive functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iron supplementation on spermatogenesis and testicular functions in iron-deficient rats. Three-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups: an iron-adequate control (AI group, 35 ppm FeSO4) and an iron-deficient group (ID group, <5 ppm FeSO4). After three weeks, the iron-deficient group was divided into an original iron-deficient group and five iron-supplemented groups, the latter fed diets containing different doses of FeSO4 (6, 12, 18, 24, and 35 ppm). After five weeks, blood and testis tissue were analyzed. We presented as median (interquartile range, IQR) for continuous measurements and compared their differences using the Kruskal−Wallis test followed by the Mann−Whitney U test among groups. The results showed that as compared with the AI group, the ID group had significantly lower serum testosterone and poorer spermatogenesis (The medians (QR) were 187.4 (185.6−190.8) of AI group vs. 87.5 (85.7−90.4) of ID group in serum testosterone, p < 0.05; 9.3 (8.8−10.6) of AI group vs. 4.9 (3.4−5.4) of ID group in mean testicular biopsy score (MTBS], p < 0.05); iron supplementation reversed the impairment of testis tissue. In the testosterone biosynthesis pathway, iron supplementation improved the lowered protein expressions of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases caused by iron deficiency. Additionally, decreased activities of glutathione peroxidase and catalase, and increased cleaved-caspase 8 and caspase 3 expression, were found in the iron-deficient rats. The iron-supplemented rats that received > 12 ppm FeSO4 exhibited improvements in antioxidant levels. In conclusion, iron supplementation can abrogate testis dysfunction due to iron deficiency through regulation of the testicular antioxidant capacity.
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Malika S, Ullah A, Anjum AA, Sattar MMK, Ali T, Manzoor R. Bio-efficacy of iron and zinc fortified wheat flour along with bio-assessment of its hepatic and renal toxic potential. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e261695. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.261695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Study was planned to assess the bio-efficiency along with toxicity of iron and zinc fortified whole wheat flour in Sprague dawley albino rats. Whole wheat flour was fortified with different dosage of sodium iron EDTA (NaFeEDTA), ferrous sulphate (FeSO4), zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc sulphate (ZnSO4). The rats (n=3) in each group were fed on fortified wheat flour for 2 months. Liver biomarkers including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and bilirubin were recorded from serum samples. Increased concentration of ZnSO4 affected the liver biomarkers to be highest among all whereas, bilirubin levels were less than the rats fed on control diet. The above mentioned fortificants have negligible effect on renal biomarkers including creatinine and urea. Moreover, hematological parameters were also checked and reportedly, sodium iron EDTA fed rats presented highest amount of hemoglobin, iron and total iron binding capacity. Highest zinc level was observed in rats fed on whole wheat flour fortified with 60mg/Kg Zinc oxide. Microscopic observation of liver tissue depicted that rats fed on iron and zinc fortified wheat flour have more toxic effects whereas, histopathology presentation of kidney tissue has least toxic impact. It has been concluded that mandatory fortification of wheat flour with iron and zinc may cause increased serum biomarkers along with toxicity of vital organs like liver, hence fraction of wheat flour may be fortified to fulfill the requirements of deprived and vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Ullah
- University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A. A. Anjum
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | | | - T. Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - R. Manzoor
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
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14
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Patel V, Joharapurkar A, Kshirsagar S, Patel M, Patel H, Savsani H, Jain M. Hepcidin inhibition improves iron homeostasis in ferrous sulfate and LPS treatment model in mice. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2021; 71:528-534. [PMID: 34311475 DOI: 10.1055/a-1542-8531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepcidin, a liver-derived peptide, regulates the absorption, distribution, and circulation of iron in the body. Inflammation or iron overload stimulates hepcidin release, which causes the accumulation of iron in tissues. The inadequate levels of iron in circulation impair erythropoiesis. Inhibition of hepcidin may increase iron in circulation and improve efficient erythropoiesis. Activin-like kinase (ALK) inhibitors decrease hepcidin. METHODS In this work, we have investigated an ALK inhibitor LDN193189 for its efficacy in iron homeostasis. The effect of LDN193189 treatment was assessed in C57BL6/J mice, in which hepcidin was induced by either ferrous sulfate or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. RESULTS After two hours of treatment, ferrous sulfate increased serum and liver iron, serum hepcidin, and liver hepcidin expression. On the other hand, LPS reduced serum iron in a dose-related manner after six hours of treatment. LDN193189 treatment increased serum iron, decreased spleen and liver iron, decreased serum hepcidin and liver hepcidin expression in ferrous sulfate-treated mice, and increased serum iron in LPS-induced hypoferremia. We observed that ferrous sulfate caused a significantly higher increase in liver iron, serum hepcidin, and liver hepcidin than turpentine oil or LPS in mice. Iron dextran (intraperitoneal or intravenous) increased serum iron, but LDN193189 did not show hyperferremia with iron dextran stimulus. CONCLUSION Ferrous sulfate-induced hyperferremia can be a valuable and rapid screening model for assessing the efficacy of hepcidin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Patel
- Zydus Research Centre, Cadila Healthcare Limited, Moraiya, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Amit Joharapurkar
- Zydus Research Centre, Cadila Healthcare Limited, Moraiya, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Maulik Patel
- Zydus Research Centre, Cadila Healthcare Limited, Moraiya, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Hiren Patel
- Zydus Research Centre, Cadila Healthcare Limited, Moraiya, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Mukul Jain
- Zydus Research Centre, Cadila Healthcare Limited, Moraiya, Ahmedabad, India
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15
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Darwish AMG, Soliman TN, Elhendy HA, El-Kholy WM. Nano-encapsulated Iron and Folic Acid-Fortified Functional Yogurt Enhance Anemia in Albino Rats. Front Nutr 2021; 8:654624. [PMID: 33898503 PMCID: PMC8058429 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.654624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a major health concern in developing countries, and these see an increased incidence in pregnant women and children in particular. The contribution of dairy products as natural products in drug delivery approaches is inspiring. This study aimed to analyze the application of iron (Fe) and folic acid (FA) bovine serum albumin-nanoparticles (BSA-NPs) as anti-anemic pharmacological agents that fortify stirred functional yogurt (SFY), comparing these with a plain control and SFY fortified with Fe and FA in free forms. The physicochemical, cytotoxicity, microbiological, viscosity, oxidative interactions, microstructural, sensorial analyses, and bioavailability properties of IDA-induced Albino rats were examined. The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Zetasizer, and Scan Electron Microscope (SEM) were applied. Nanocapsule-fortified SFY showed an enhanced apparent viscosity, water-holding capacity, microstructure, least lipid oxidation, and overall sensorial acceptability. Feed that included Fe + FA nanocapsule-fortified SFY (G6) succeeded in restoring hemoglobin (16.53 gdL-1), iron (109.25 μgdL-1), ferritin (33.25 μgdL-1), and total protein (8.6 gdL-1) at the end of the 4-week feeding period, with significant competition revealed in calcium and zinc absorbance. Nanocapsule-fortified SFY showed no adverse effects or architectural alterations in the liver, kidney, or spleen, as indicated by biochemical and histological examinations. Bovine serum albumin-nanoparticles (BSA-NPs) of iron (Fe) and folic acid (FA) can be recommended as anti-anemia supplements in different functional food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira M. G. Darwish
- Department of Food Technology, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek N. Soliman
- Food Industries and Nutrition Research Division, Department of Dairy, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan A. Elhendy
- Home Economics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Wedad M. El-Kholy
- Department of Dairy Technology Research, Food Technology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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Urso K, Leal Martínez-Bujanda J, del Prado JM. Iron Protein Succinylate in the Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Comparative Study with Ferrous Sulphate at Low and High Therapeutic Doses. Nutrients 2021; 13:968. [PMID: 33802720 PMCID: PMC8002401 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral iron supplementation constitutes the first line treatment for iron deficiency anemia (IDA), with daily doses between 80 mg and 200 mg of elemental iron. Ferrous salts, such as ferrous sulphate (FeSO4), while efficacious, frequently give rise to gastrointestinal side effects. In the present paper we attempted to directly compare the efficacy of an alternative to the FeSO4 formulation, which presents a better tolerability profile, iron protein succinylate (Ferplex®). In a diet-induced anemia model, rats were treated by oral gavage with vehicle, FeSO4, or Ferplex® at a human-dose equivalent of 80 mg and 200 mg of elemental iron. We evaluated the change in anemia-related hematological and biochemical parameters, conducting a histological examination of the intestine at sacrifice. Results indicate that both types of iron supplementation are equally effective in the treatment of IDA, restoring hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, free iron and transferrin levels in 15 days, with no statistical differences between treated groups and control. The impact of anemia on body weight was also attenuated following treatment with both iron supplements. Thrombocyte and reticulocyte levels, altered by the anemic condition, returned to homeostasis after 15 days of either FeSO4 or Ferplex® treatment. Importantly, the lower and higher doses of iron were equally effective, thus supporting the current school of thought which states that lower therapeutic doses are sufficient for management of IDA. In addition, the study shows for the first time that oral treatment with Ferplex® does not increase serum hepcidin. Finally, Ferplex® induced minimal iron depositions in the intestinal tissue compared to FeSO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Urso
- ITF Research Pharma S.L.U., San Rafael 3, 28108 Madrid, Spain;
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17
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Verna G, Sila A, Liso M, Mastronardi M, Chieppa M, Cena H, Campiglia P. Iron-Enriched Nutritional Supplements for the 2030 Pharmacy Shelves. Nutrients 2021; 13:378. [PMID: 33530485 PMCID: PMC7912282 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) affects people of all ages in many countries. Due to intestinal blood loss and reduced iron absorption, ID is a threat to IBD patients, women, and children the most. Current therapies can efficiently recover normal serum transferrin saturation and hemoglobin concentration but may cause several side effects, including intestinal inflammation. ID patients may benefit from innovative nutritional supplements that may satisfy iron needs without side effects. There is a growing interest in new iron-rich superfoods, like algae and mushrooms, which combine antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with iron richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Verna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Sila
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Marina Liso
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Mauro Mastronardi
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri I.R.C.C.S, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Mohammed O, Dyab N, Kheadr E, Dabour N. Effectiveness of inulin-type on the iron bioavailability in anemic female rats fed bio-yogurt. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1928-1938. [PMID: 35424181 PMCID: PMC8693641 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08873k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-documented that iron deficiency leads to anemia, which is the utmost critical problem of nutrition worldwide. Inulin, indigestible polysaccharides, or prebiotic agents may act as vehicles to enhance the iron bioavailability through the formation of the polysaccharide-iron complex. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effects of yogurt fortified with iron and supplemented by long- or short-chain inulin on the growth status, blood parameters, antioxidant capacity, and liver function enzymes in anemic rats. Five animal groups were assigned as the control (G1), which were fed a standard diet and there were four anemic groups, in which haemolytic anemia was induced by phenylhydrazine. The anemic rats were divided into 4 groups according to the regime of feeding as G2: control anemic group fed low-iron diet while the remaining anemic groups were fed yogurt fortified with Fe2(SO4)3 without inulin (G3) or with either long- (G4) or short-chain (G5) inulin. The results showed that the animals subjected to treatment G4 had the highest (P ≤ 0.05) weight gain and organ coefficient compared with other anemic groups (G2, G3, and G5). Among the anemic groups, the animals that belonged to G4 showed a significant restorative effect by returning the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and the red blood cell count to the normal control liver. Also, the liver iron content, enzymatic activities, and antioxidant capacities improved in the animals subjected to G4 and G5 treatment groups. The histological structures of the liver tissues of the animals that belonged to G4 and G5 were extremely close to that of the normal control liver. Long-chain inulin-containing yogurt exhibited the best effects in terms of iron supplementation, bioavailability, and antioxidant activities. This formula might be a potential new iron supplement and a good functional food candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Mohammed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Dyab
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria 21545 Alexandria Egypt +20-35922780 +20-35921960 +20-35921862 +20-35915427
| | - Ehab Kheadr
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria 21545 Alexandria Egypt +20-35922780 +20-35921960 +20-35921862 +20-35915427
| | - Nassra Dabour
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria 21545 Alexandria Egypt +20-35922780 +20-35921960 +20-35921862 +20-35915427
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M S Hussein A, S Mohamed R, Aly Fouda K, F Salama M, M Hussein M. Functional Cupcake for Preventing Vitamin A Deficiency and Correlated Anemia and Oxidative Stress. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:366-373. [PMID: 34486322 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.366.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) is a critical public health problem that affects the health of kids worldwide and may induce anemia and oxidative stress. The current study aimed to pre-clinically assess the effect of a cupcake, prepared to be served for primary school children, on vitamin A deficiency and related anemia and oxidative stress in rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Flour of flash orange sweet potatoes, as a rich source of pro-vitamin A, was used to prepare the cupcake. The chemical composition, amino acids and sensory evaluation of the cupcake were done. The biological evaluation was carried out using 18 weaning rats in three groups (control group, vitamin A-deficient group and vitamin A-deficient group fed on a diet fortified with 20% of the prepared cupcake for two months). <b>Results:</b> The results indicated the high value of vitamin A in the prepared cupcake. Excellent sensory characteristics were noticed. Feeding on the VDA diet fortified with the prepared cupcake suppressed the reduction in Retinol-Binding Protein (RBP), hemoglobin and iron. Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) increased in the VAD group. Also, feeding on the prepared cupcake suppressed the reduction in Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and the elevation of Malondialdehyde (MDA). <b>Conclusion:</b> It can be suggested that the prepared cupcake is promising in preventing of vitamin A deficiency and related anemia and oxidative stress. Thus, the prepared cupcake may be efficient for children to prevent vitamin A deficiency.
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He H, Teng H, Huang Q, He D, An F, Chen L, Song H. Beneficial effects of AOS-iron supplementation on intestinal structure and microbiota in IDA rats. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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He H, An F, Huang Q, Kong Y, He D, Chen L, Song H. Metabolic effect of AOS-iron in rats with iron deficiency anemia using LC-MS/MS based metabolomics. Food Res Int 2020; 130:108913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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