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Cayado P, Grünewald L, Erbe M, Hänisch J, Gerthsen D, Holzapfel B. Critical current density improvement in CSD-grown high-entropy REBa 2Cu 3O 7-δ films. RSC Adv 2022; 12:28831-28842. [PMID: 36320519 PMCID: PMC9552191 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03807b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
High-entropy oxide (HEO) superconductors have been developed since very recently. Different superconductors can be produced in the form of a high-entropy compound, including REBa2Cu3O7-δ (REBCO). However, until now, mainly bulk samples (mostly in polycrystalline form) have been reported. In this work, the first CSD-grown high-entropy (HE) REBCO nanocomposite films were successfully synthesized. In particular, high-quality Gd0.2Dy0.2Y0.2Ho0.2Er0.2Ba2Cu3O7-δ nanocomposite films with 12 mol% BaHfO3 nanoparticles were grown on SrTiO3 substrates. The X-ray diffraction patterns show a near-perfect c-axis oriented grain growth. Both T c and 77 K J sf c, 91.9 K and 3.5 MA cm-2, respectively, are comparable with the values of the single-RE REBCO films. Moreover, at low temperatures, specifically at 30 K, the J c values are larger than those of the single-RE samples. A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study, including energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) measurements, reveals that the different RE3+ ions are distributed homogeneously in the matrix without forming clusters. This distribution causes point-like pinning centres that explain the superior performances of these samples at low temperatures. Although still seen as a proof-of-concept for the feasibility of preparing such films, these results demonstrate that the HE REBCO films are a promising option for the future fabrication of high-performance coated conductors. In the investigated B-T range, however, their J c values are still lower than those of other, medium-entropy REBCO films, which shows that an optimization of the composition of the HE REBCO films is needed to maximize their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Cayado
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany,University of Geneva, Department of Quantum Matter Physics (DQMP)Quai Ernest-Ansermet 241211 GenevaSwitzerland
| | - Lukas Grünewald
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (LEM)Engesserstr. 776131 KarlsruheGermany
| | - Manuela Erbe
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Jens Hänisch
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Dagmar Gerthsen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (LEM)Engesserstr. 776131 KarlsruheGermany
| | - Bernhard Holzapfel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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Queraltó A, Banchewski J, Pacheco A, Gupta K, Saltarelli L, Garcia D, Alcalde N, Mocuta C, Ricart S, Pino F, Obradors X, Puig T. Combinatorial Screening of Cuprate Superconductors by Drop-On-Demand Inkjet Printing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:9101-9112. [PMID: 33576610 PMCID: PMC7908015 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Combinatorial and high-throughput experimentation (HTE) is achieving more relevance in material design, representing a turning point in the process of accelerated discovery, development, and optimization of materials based on data-driven approaches. The versatility of drop-on-demand inkjet printing (IJP) allows performing combinatorial studies through fabrication of compositionally graded materials with high spatial precision, here by mixing superconducting REBCO precursor solutions with different rare earth (RE) elements. The homogeneity of combinatorial Y1-xGdxBa2Cu3O7 samples was designed with computational methods and confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and high-resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD). We reveal the advantages of this strategy in the optimization of the epitaxial growth of high-temperature REBCO superconducting films using the novel transient liquid-assisted growth method (TLAG). Advanced characterization methods, such as in situ synchrotron growth experiments, are tailored to suit the combinatorial approach and demonstrated to be essential for HTE schemes. The experimental strategy presented is key for the attainment of large datasets for the implementation of machine learning backed material design frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Queraltó
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Juri Banchewski
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adrià Pacheco
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Kapil Gupta
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lavinia Saltarelli
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Diana Garcia
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Núria Alcalde
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristian Mocuta
- Synchrotron
SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Susagna Ricart
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Flavio Pino
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Obradors
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Teresa Puig
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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Hayasaka R, Cayado P, Erbe M, Freitag W, Hänisch J, Holzapfel B, Ito S, Hashizume H. Investigation of the crystallization process of CSD-ErBCO on IBAD-substrate via DSD approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19934. [PMID: 33203934 PMCID: PMC7673986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
REBa2Cu3O7-δ (REBCO, RE: rare earth, such as Y and Gd) compounds have been extensively studied as a superconducting layer in coated conductors. Although ErBCO potentially has better superconducting properties than YBCO and GdBCO, little research has been made on it, especially in chemical solution deposition (CSD). In this work, ErBCO films were deposited on IBAD (ion-beam-assisted-deposition) substrates by CSD with low-fluorine solutions. The crystallization process was optimized to achieve the highest self-field critical current density (Jc) at 77 K. Commonly, for the investigation of a CSD process involving numerous process factors, one factor is changed keeping the others constant, requiring much time and cost. For more efficient investigation, this study adopted a novel design-of-experiment technique, definitive screening design (DSD), for the first time in CSD process. Two different types of solutions containing Er-propionate or Er-acetate were used to make two types of samples, Er-P and Er-A, respectively. Within the investigated range, we found that crystallization temperature, dew point, and oxygen partial pressure play a key role in Er-P, while the former two factors are significant for Er-A. DSD revealed these significant factors among six process factors with only 14 trials. Moreover, the DSD approach allowed us to create models that predict Jc accurately. These models revealed the optimum conditions giving the highest Jc values of 3.6 MA/cm2 for Er-P and 3.0 MA/cm2 for Er-A. These results indicate that DSD is an attractive approach to optimize CSD process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hayasaka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 6-6-01-2, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan.
| | - P Cayado
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - M Erbe
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - W Freitag
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - J Hänisch
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - B Holzapfel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - S Ito
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 6-6-01-2, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - H Hashizume
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 6-6-01-2, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
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Cayado P, Rijckaert H, Bruneel E, Erbe M, Hänisch J, Van Driessche I, Holzapfel B. Importance of the pyrolysis for microstructure and superconducting properties of CSD-grown GdBa 2Cu 3O 7-x-HfO 2 nanocomposite films by the ex-situ approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19469. [PMID: 33173091 PMCID: PMC7655947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time, GdBa2Cu3O7-x nanocomposites were prepared by chemical solution deposition following the ex-situ approach. In particular, ~ 220 nm GdBa2Cu3O7-x-HfO2 (GdBCO-HfO2) nanocomposite films were fabricated starting from a colloidal solution of 5 mol% HfO2 nanoparticles. Hereby, one of the main challenges is to avoid the accumulation of the nanoparticles at the substrate interface during the pyrolysis, which would later prevent the epitaxial nucleation of the GdBCO grains. Therefore, the effect of pyrolysis processing parameters such as heating ramp and temperature on the homogeneity of the nanoparticle distribution has been investigated. By increasing the heating ramp to 300 °C/h and decreasing the final temperature to 300 °C, a more homogenous nanoparticle distribution was achieved. This translates into improved superconducting properties of the grown films reaching critical temperatures (Tc) of 94.5 K and self-field critical current densities ([Formula: see text]) at 77 K of 2.1 MA/cm2 with respect to films pyrolyzed at higher temperatures or lower heating ramps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Cayado
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Hannes Rijckaert
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, SCRiPTS, Krijgslaan, 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Els Bruneel
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, SCRiPTS, Krijgslaan, 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manuela Erbe
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jens Hänisch
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Isabel Van Driessche
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, SCRiPTS, Krijgslaan, 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bernhard Holzapfel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Cayado P, Li M, Erbe M, Liu Z, Cai C, Hänisch J, Holzapfel B. REBCO mixtures with large difference in rare-earth ion size: superconducting properties of chemical solution deposition-grown Yb 1-x Sm x Ba 2Cu 3O 7- δ films. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:201257. [PMID: 33391804 PMCID: PMC7735353 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this work was to study the superconducting properties of REBCO films with a mixture of rare-earth (RE) ions with large difference in ion size, in particular Sm3+ and Yb3+. These Yb1-x Sm x Ba2Cu3O7- δ films have been successfully prepared for the first time by chemical solution deposition following the extremely low-fluorine route, which allows reducing the fluorine content by 93% with respect to standard full trifluoroacetate solutions. On the one hand, critical temperature T c remains stable at approximately 90 K with Sm content up to x = 0.5 where T c starts to increase towards the values of pure SmBCO films of approximately 95 K. On the other hand, the critical current densities J c of the pure SmBCO films are the largest at 77 K, where the influence of a higher T c is very relevant, while at lower temperatures and low fields, the mixed films reach larger values. This demonstrates that mixing rare-earth elements RE in REBa2Cu3O7- δ causes a change in the pinning properties of the films and reveals the importance of selecting adequate REBCO compounds according to the temperature and magnetic field region of a desired application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Cayado
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Minjuan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Physics Department, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Manuela Erbe
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Physics Department, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanbing Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Physics Department, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Jens Hänisch
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Holzapfel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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6
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Abstract
Chemical solution deposition of Gd-doped YBCO, Y1GdyBa2Cu3O7−δ, (YBCO-Gd), film was carried out following the metal-organic decomposition approach and in situ route. Two dopant concentrations, 5 and 10 mol %, were evaluated. The morphology and crystalline structure of the superconductor films were deeply investigated. In general, a homogeneous and well c-axis oriented film was observed by using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and X-ray diffraction. However, compared to pure YBCO, YBCO-Gd samples showed an increased stacking faults concentration, as recognized by TEM. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy allowed studying the Gd distribution in the films and gathered information about the Gd electronic environment. Superconducting properties were evaluated at different temperatures, magnetic field directions, and intensities. Higher zero-field critical current densities were measured with respect to undoped samples in the temperature range from 10 to 77 K with both Gd concentrations (i.e., 28, 27, and 13 MA·cm−2, respectively, for YBCO-Gd 5%, YBCO-Gd 10%, and undoped YBCO at 10 K in self field condition). At low temperatures, this improvement was maintained up to 12 T, confirming the efficacy of Gd addition for the enhancement of transport properties of YBCO film.
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Cayado P, Rijckaert H, Erbe M, Langer M, Jung A, Hänisch J, Holzapfel B. CSD-Grown Y 1-xGd xBa 2Cu 3O 7-δ-BaHfO 3 Nanocomposite Films on Ni5W and IBAD Technical Substrates. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 10:E21. [PMID: 31861729 PMCID: PMC7023279 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Chemical solution deposition (CSD) was used to grow Y1-xGdxBa2Cu3O7-δ-BaHfO3 (YGBCO-BHO) nanocomposite films containing 12 mol% BHO nanoparticles and various amounts of Gd, x, on two kinds of buffered metallic tapes: Ni5W and IBAD. The influence of the rare-earth stoichiometry on structure, morphology and superconducting properties of these films was studied. The growth process was carefully studied in order to find the most appropriate growth conditions for each composition and substrate. This led to a clear improvement in film quality, probably due to the reduction of BaCeO3 formation. In general, the superconducting properties of the films on Ni5W are significantly better. For x > 0.5, epitaxial ~270 nm thick YGBCO-BHO films with Tc > 93 K and self-field Jc at 77 K ~2 MA/cm² were obtained on Ni5W. These results highlight the potential of this approach for the fabrication of high-quality coated conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Cayado
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (M.E.); (M.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (B.H.)
| | - Hannes Rijckaert
- Department of Chemistry, Sol-gel Centre for Research on Inorganic Powders and Thin Films Synthesis (SCRiPTS), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Manuela Erbe
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (M.E.); (M.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (B.H.)
| | - Marco Langer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (M.E.); (M.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (B.H.)
| | - Alexandra Jung
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (M.E.); (M.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (B.H.)
| | - Jens Hänisch
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (M.E.); (M.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (B.H.)
| | - Bernhard Holzapfel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (M.E.); (M.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (B.H.)
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