1
|
Sondhi P, Neupane D, Bhattarai JK, Demchenko AV, Stine KJ. Facile fabrication of hierarchically nanostructured gold electrode for bio-electrochemical applications. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022; 924:116865. [PMID: 36405880 PMCID: PMC9673609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoporous gold (NPG) is one of the most extensively investigated nanomaterials owing to its tunable pore size, ease of surface modification, and range of applications from catalysis, actuation, and molecular release to the development of electrochemical sensors. In an effort to improve the usefulness of NPG, a simple and robust method for the fabrication of hierarchical and bimodal nanoporous gold electrodes (hb-NPG) containing both macro-and mesopores is reported using electrochemical alloying and dealloying processes to engineer a bicontinuous solid/void morphology. Scanning electron microscopy (color SEM) images depict the hierarchical pore structure created after the multistep synthesis with an ensemble of tiny pores below 100 nm in size located in ligaments spanning larger pores of several hundred nanometers. Smaller-sized pores are exploited for surface modification, and the network of larger pores aids in molecular transport. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to compare the electrochemically active surface area of the hierarchical bimodal structure with that of the regular unimodal NPG with an emphasis on the critical role of both dealloying and annealing in creating the desired structure. The adsorption of different proteins was followed using UV-vis absorbance measurements of solution depletion revealing the high loading capacity of hb-NPG. The surface coverage of lipoic acid on the hb-NPG was analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and reductive desorption. The roughness factor determinations suggest that the fabricated hb-NPG electrode has tremendous potential for biosensor development by changing the scaling relations between volume and surface area which may lead to improved analytical performance. We have chosen to take advantage of the surface architectures of hb-NPG due to the presence of a large specific surface area for functionalization and rapid transport pathways for faster response. It is shown that the hb-NPG electrode has a higher sensitivity for the amperometric detection of glucose than does an NPG electrode of the same geometric surface area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palak Sondhi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Dharmendra Neupane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Jay K. Bhattarai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | | | - Keith J. Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63121, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zámbó D, Rusch P, Lübkemann F, Bigall NC. Noble-Metal Nanorod Cryoaerogels with Electrocatalytically Active Surface Sites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:57774-57785. [PMID: 34813701 PMCID: PMC8662650 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Noble-metal-based electrocatalysts usually contain small nanoparticle building blocks to ensure a high specific surface area as the scene for the surface processes. Here, we show that relatively large noble-metal nanorods are also promising candidates to build up functional macrostructures with prominent electrocatalytic activity. After optimizing and upscaling the syntheses of gold nanorods and gold bipyramid-templated silver nanorods, cryoaerogels are fabricated on a conductive substrate via flash freezing and subsequent freeze drying. The versatile cryoaerogelation technique allows the formation of macrostructures with dendritic, open-pore structure facilitating the increase of the accessible nanorod surfaces. It is demonstrated via electrochemical oxidation and stripping test experiments that noble-metal surface sites are electrochemically active in redox reactions. Furthermore, gold nanorod cryoaerogels offer a platform for redox sensing, ethanol oxidation reaction, as well as glucose sensing. Compared to their simply drop-cast and dried counterparts, the noble-metal nanorod cryoaerogels offer enhanced activity due to the open porosity of the fabricated nanostructure while maintaining structural stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Zámbó
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30519 Hanover, Germany
- Centre
for Energy Research, Institute of Technical
Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly-Thege M. str. 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pascal Rusch
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30519 Hanover, Germany
| | - Franziska Lübkemann
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30519 Hanover, Germany
| | - Nadja C. Bigall
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30519 Hanover, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics and Engineering −
Innovation Across Disciplines), Leibniz
Universität Hannover, 30167 Hanover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang C, Yang C, Li X, Zhang A, He G, Wu Q, Liu X, Huang S, Huang X, Cui G, Hu N, Xie X, Hang T. Liquid-like Polymer Coating as a Promising Candidate for Reducing Electrode Contamination and Noise in Complex Biofluids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:4450-4462. [PMID: 33443399 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors that can automatically and continuously track fluctuations in biomarker levels over time are essential for real-time sensing in biomedical and environmental applications. Although many electrochemical sensors have been developed to quickly and sensitively monitor biomarkers, their sensing stability in complex biofluids is disturbed by unavoidable nonspecific adhesion of proteins or bacteria. Recently, various substrate surface modification techniques have been developed to resist biofouling, yet functionalization of electrodes in sensors to be anti-biofouling is rarely achieved. Here, we report an integrated three-electrode system (ITES) modified with a "liquid-like" polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) brush that can continuously and stably monitor reactive oxygen species (ROS) in complex fluids. Based on the slippery "liquid-like" coating, the modified ITES surface could prevent the adhesion of various liquids as well as the adhesion of proteins and bacteria. The "liquid-like" coating does not significantly affect the sensitivity of the electrode in detecting ROS, while the sensing performance could remain stable and free of bacterial attack even after 3 days of incubation with bacteria. In addition, the PDMS brush-modified ITES (PMITES) could continuously record ROS levels in bacterial-rich fluids with excellent stability over 24 h due to the reduced bacterial contamination on the electrode surface. This technique offers new opportunities for continuous and real-time monitoring of biomarkers that will facilitate the development of advanced sensors for biomedical and environmental applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengduan Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gen He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qianni Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinshuo Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guofeng Cui
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ning Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xi Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Tian Hang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu F, Zhao J, Han D, Zhao S, Zhu R, Cui G. A three-electrode integrated electrochemical platform based on nanoporous gold for the simultaneous determination of hydroquinone and catechol with high selectivity. Analyst 2021; 146:232-243. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01746a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel integrated electrochemical platform was built for the simultaneous determination of hydroquinone and catechol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanggen Wu
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Dongxue Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science
- c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Shifan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Guofeng Cui
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang M, Sun P, Zhao J, Huo L, Cui G. A Flexible Portable Glucose Sensor Based on Hierarchical Arrays of Au@Cu(OH) 2 Nanograss. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E5055. [PMID: 31752431 PMCID: PMC6891777 DOI: 10.3390/s19225055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Flexible physiological medical devices have gradually spread to the lives of people, especially the elderly. Here, a flexible integrated sensor based on Au nanoparticle modified copper hydroxide nanograss arrays on flexible carbon fiber cloth (Au@Cu(OH)2/CFC) is fabricated by a facile electrochemical method. The sensor possesses ultrahigh sensitivity of 7.35 mA mM-1 cm-2 in the linear concentration range of 0.10 to 3.30 mM and an ultralow detection limit down to 26.97 nM. The fantastic sensing properties can be ascribed to the collective effect of the superior electrochemical catalytic activity of nanograss arrays with dramatically enhanced electrochemically active surface area as well as mass transfer ability when modified with Au and intimate contact between the active material (Au@Cu(OH)2) and current collector (CFC), concurrently supplying good conductivity for electron/ion transport during glucose biosensing. Furthermore, the device also exhibits excellent anti-interference and stability for glucose detection. Owing to the distinguished performances, the novel sensor shows extreme reliability for practical glucose testing in human serum and juice samples. Significantly, these unique properties and the soft structure of silk fabric can provide a promising structure design for a flexible micro-device and a great potential material candidate of electrochemical glucose sensor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-Carbon Chemistry and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135, Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Lihua Huo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Guofeng Cui
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-Carbon Chemistry and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135, Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Olejnik A, Siuzdak K, Karczewski J, Grochowska K. A Flexible Nafion Coated Enzyme‐free Glucose Sensor Based on Au‐dimpled Ti Structures. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Olejnik
- Faculty of ChemistryGdańsk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 St. 80-233 Gdańsk Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siuzdak
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow MachineryPolish Academy of Sciences Fiszera 14 St. 80-231 Gdańsk Poland
| | - Jakub Karczewski
- Faculty of Applied Physics and MathematicsGdańsk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 St. 80-233 Gdańsk Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grochowska
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow MachineryPolish Academy of Sciences Fiszera 14 St. 80-231 Gdańsk Poland
| |
Collapse
|