1
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Lee Y, Jung S, Yun JS. Electrospinning and Partial Etching Behaviors of Core-Shell Nanofibers Directly Electrospun on Mesh Substrates for Application in a Cover-Free Compact Air Filter. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1152. [PMID: 38998757 PMCID: PMC11243679 DOI: 10.3390/nano14131152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The exposure of workers to propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) in manufacturing environments can result in potential health risks. Therefore, systems for PGMEA removal are required for indoor air quality control. In this study, core-shell zeolite socony mobil-5 (ZSM-5)/polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibers were directly electrospun and partially wet-etched on a mesh substrate to develop a cover-free compact PGMEA air filter. The electrospinning behaviors of the core-shell nanofibers were investigated to optimize the electrospinning time and humidity and to enable the manufacture of thin and light air-filter layers. The partial wet etching of the nanofibers was undertaken using different etching solvents and times to ensure the exposure of the active sites of ZSM-5. The performances of the ZSM-5/PVDF nanofiber air filters were assessed by measuring five consecutive PGMEA adsorption-desorption cycles at different desorption temperatures. The synthesized material remained stable upon repeated adsorption-desorption cycles and could be regenerated at a low desorption temperature (80 °C), demonstrating a consistent adsorption performance upon prolonged adsorption-desorption cycling and low energy consumption during regeneration. The results of this study provide new insights into the design of industrial air filters using functional ceramic/polymer nanofibers and the application of these filters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ji Sun Yun
- New Growth Materials Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, 101 Soho-ro, Jinju 52851, Republic of Korea; (Y.L.); (S.J.)
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2
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Liu Q, van Bokhoven JA. Water structures on acidic zeolites and their roles in catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3065-3095. [PMID: 38369933 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00404j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The local reaction environment of catalytic active sites can be manipulated to modify the kinetics and thermodynamic properties of heterogeneous catalysis. Because of the unique physical-chemical nature of water, heterogeneously catalyzed reactions involving specific interactions between water molecules and active sites on catalysts exhibit distinct outcomes that are different from those performed in the absence of water. Zeolitic materials are being applied with the presence of water for heterogeneous catalytic reactions in the chemical industry and our transition to sustainable energy. Mechanistic investigation and in-depth understanding about the behaviors and the roles of water are essentially required for zeolite chemistry and catalysis. In this review, we focus on the discussions of the nature and structures of water adsorbed/stabilized on Brønsted and Lewis acidic zeolites based on experimental observations as well as theoretical calculation results. The unveiled functions of water structures in determining the catalytic efficacy of zeolite-catalyzed reactions have been overviewed and the strategies frequently developed for enhancing the stabilization of zeolite catalysts are highlighted. Recent advancement will contribute to the development of innovative catalytic reactions and the rationalization of catalytic performances in terms of activity, selectivity and stability with the presence of water vapor or in condensed aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jeroen A van Bokhoven
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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3
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Liu H, Sun F, Xu J, Zhang H, Wu T, Han S, Zhang S, Mo Y, Ling L, Zhang R, Fan M, Wang B. A density functional theory study on the mechanism of toluene from dimethylcyclopentane catalyzed by the [GaH] 2+ active site of Ga-ZSM-5. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:7137-7148. [PMID: 38348666 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04416e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The ONIOM (ωb97xd/6-31G(d,p):pm6) method was used to study the reaction mechanism of dimethylcyclopentane to toluene by the [GaH]2+ active site of Ga-ZSM-5. The results showed that the rate-determining step in the dimethylcyclopentane aromatization process is the ring expansion process. Compared to those of methylcyclopentane to benzene (D. D. Zhang, H. Y. Liu, L. X. Ling, H. R. Zhang, R. G. Zhang, P. Liu and B. J. Wang, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, 23, 10988-11003.), the free energy barriers of dimethylcyclopentane to toluene are significantly decreased, indicating that toluene is easier to produce than benzene, which confirmed the experimental results that a higher proportion of toluene than benzene is produced in the MTA process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Furong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Junzhuo Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Hairong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Tingting Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Shenghua Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Shijun Zhang
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Mo
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Lixia Ling
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China
| | - Riguang Zhang
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Maohong Fan
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, and School of Energy Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Baojun Wang
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China
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4
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Yang W, Liu X, O’Dell LA, Liu X, Wang L, Zhang W, Shan B, Jiang Y, Chen R, Huang J. Atomic Layer Deposition of the Geometry Separated Lewis and Brønsted Acid Sites for Cascade Glucose Conversion. JACS AU 2023; 3:2586-2596. [PMID: 37772179 PMCID: PMC10523362 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Solid acid catalysts with bi-acidity are promising as workhouse catalysts in biorefining to produce high-quality chemicals and fuels. Herein, we report a new strategy to develop bi-acidic cascade catalysts by separating both acid sites in geometry via the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Lewis acidic alumina on Brønsted acidic supports. Visualized by transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy mapping, the ALD-deposited alumina forms a conformal alumina domain with a thickness of around 3 nm on the outermost surface of mesoporous silica-alumina. Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance investigation shows that the dominant Lewis acid sites distribute on the outermost surface, whereas intrinsic Brønsted acid sites locate inside the nanopores within the silica-rich substrate. In comparison to other bi-acidic solid catalyst counterparts, the special geometric distance of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites minimized the synergetic effect, leading to a cascade reaction environment. For cascade glucose conversion, the designed ALD catalyst showed a highly enhanced catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yang
- Laboratory
for Catalysis Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
Sydney Nano Institute, The University of
Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department
of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2019, Australia
| | - Xiao Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,
School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Luke A. O’Dell
- Institute
for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Xingxu Liu
- Laboratory
for Catalysis Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
Sydney Nano Institute, The University of
Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lizhuo Wang
- Laboratory
for Catalysis Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
Sydney Nano Institute, The University of
Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department
of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2019, Australia
| | - Bin Shan
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Yijiao Jiang
- Department
of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2019, Australia
| | - Rong Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,
School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Jun Huang
- Laboratory
for Catalysis Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
Sydney Nano Institute, The University of
Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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5
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Wu X, Wei Y, Liu Z. Dynamic Catalytic Mechanism of the Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons Reaction over Zeolites. Acc Chem Res 2023. [PMID: 37402692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) process has provided a new route to obtaining basic chemicals without relying on an oil resource. Acidity and shape selectivity endow the zeolite with a decisive role in MTH catalysis. However, the inherent reaction characteristics of the MTH reaction over zeolites, such as the complexity of catalytic reaction kinetics, the diversity of catalytic reaction modes, and even the limitations of catalytic and diffusive decoupling, have all confused people with respect to obtaining a comprehensive mechanistic understanding. By examining the zeolite-catalyzed MTH reaction from the perspective of chemical bonding, one would realize that this reaction reflects the dynamic assembly process of C-C bonds from C1 components to multicarbon products. The key to understanding the MTH reaction lies in the mechanism by which C-C bonds are formed and rearranged in the confined microenvironment of the channel or cage structures of zeolite catalysts to achieve shape-selective production.The applications of advanced in situ spectroscopy as well as computational chemistry provide tremendous opportunities for capturing and identifying the details of the structure and properties of reactants, intermediates, and products in the confined reaction space of zeolite channels or cages, observing the real-time dynamic evolution of the catalytic surface, and modeling the elementary reaction steps at the molecular and atomic levels.In this Account, the dynamic catalytic mechanism of the zeolite-catalyzed MTH reaction will be outlined based on decades of continuous research and in-depth understanding. The combination of advanced in situ spectroscopy and theoretical methods allowed us to observe and simulate the formation, growth, and aging process on the working catalyst surface and thus map the dynamical evolution of active sites from a Brønsted acid site (BAS) to an organic-inorganic hybrid supramolecule (OIHS) in the MTH reaction. Moreover, the ever-evolving dynamic succession of the OIHS from surface methoxy species (SMS) to active ion-pair complexes (AIPC) to inert complexes (IC) guided the dynamic autocatalytic process from initiation to sustaining and then to termination, resulting in a complex interlaced hypercycle reaction network. The concept of dynamic catalysis will provide deep insight into the complex catalytic mechanisms as well as the structure-activity relationships in MTH chemistry. More importantly, we are now getting closer to the nature of zeolite catalysis beyond the traditional view of BAS catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingxu Wei
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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He Z, Wei Q, Liang C, Liu D, Ma J, Chen X, Song M. Unraveling the capture mechanism of gaseous As 2O 3 over H-zsm-5 zeolite from coal-fired flue gas: Experimental and theoretical insights. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139243. [PMID: 37330063 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Gaseous As2O3 discharged from coal-fired power plants results in severe detriments to the ecological environment. It is of great urgency to develop highly efficient As2O3 capture technology for reducing atmospheric arsenic contamination. Utilizing solid sorbents for gaseous As2O3 capture is a promising treatment for As2O3 capture. The zeolite of H-ZSM-5 was applied for As2O3 capture at high temperatures of 500-900 °C. Special attention was paid to clarifying its capture mechanism and identifying the influence of flue gas components via density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. Results revealed that due to high thermal stability with large specific areas, H-ZSM-5 demonstrated excellent arsenic capture at 500-900 °C. The captured arsenic consisted of As3+ and As5+ speciations, ascribed to As2O3 adsorption and oxidation. Moreover, As3+ and As5+ compounds were both through physisorption or chemisorption at 500-600 °C while dominant chemisorption at 700-900 °C. In particular, As3+ compounds were much more steadily fixed in products at all operating temperatures. Combining the characterization analysis and DFT calculations, it further verified that both Si-OH-Al groups and external Al species of H-ZSM-5 could chemisorb As2O3, and the latter exhibited much stronger affinities via orbital hybridization and electron transfer. The introduced O2 could facilitate As2O3 oxidation and fixation in H-ZSM-5, especially at a lower concentration of 2%. Additionally, H-ZSM-5 possessed great acid gas resistance for As2O3 capture under the concentration of NO or SO2 less than 500 ppm. AIMD simulations further identified that compared to NO and SO2, As2O3 was far more competitive and occupied the active sites of the Si-OH-Al groups and external Al species of H-ZSM-5. Overall, it demonstrated that H-ZSM-5 is a promising sorbent for As2O3 capture from coal-fired flue gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongli He
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Qi Wei
- High Performance Computing Department, National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Cai Liang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Daoyin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jiliang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Min Song
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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7
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Xie T, Ding J, Shang X, Zhang X, Zhong Q. Effective synergies in indium oxide loaded with zirconia mixed with silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve number 34 catalysts for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to lower olefins. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 635:148-158. [PMID: 36584615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tandem catalysts consisting of metal oxides and zeolites have been widely studied for catalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrogenation to lower olefins, while the synergies of two components and their influence on the catalytic performance are still unclear. In this study, the composite catalysts composed of indium oxide loaded with zirconia (In2O3/ZrO2) and silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve number 34 (SAPO-34) are developed. Performance results indicate that the synergies between these two components can promote CO2 hydrogenation. Further characterizations reveal that the chabazite (CHA) structure and acid sites in the SAPO-34 are destroyed when preparing In-Zr/SAPO by powder milling (In-Zr/SAPO-M) because of the excessive proximity of two components, which inhibits the activation of CO2 and hydrogen (H2), thus resulting in much higher methane selectivity than the catalysts prepared by granule stacking (In-Zr/SAPO-G). Proper granule integration manner promotes tandem reaction, thus enhancing CO2 hydrogenation to lower olefins, which can provide a practicable strategy to improve catalytic performance and the selectivity of the target products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Jie Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
| | - Xiaofang Shang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiao Zhang
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Qin Zhong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
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8
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Hydrogen transfer reaction contributes to the dynamic evolution of zeolite-catalyzed methanol and dimethyl ether conversions: Insight into formaldehyde. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(22)64194-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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9
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Gao FE, Liu JY. Synergistic effect of Brønsted/Lewis acid in olefin aromatization during MTO over Zn modified H-SAPO-34 zeolite: A periodic DFT study. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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10
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Yang W, Duk Kim K, O'Dell LA, Wang L, Xu H, Ruan M, Wang W, Ryoo R, Jiang Y, Huang J. Brønsted acid sites formation through penta-coordinated aluminum species on alumina-boria for phenylglyoxal conversion. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Song W, Liu H, Zhang J, Sun Y, Peng L. Understanding Hβ Zeolite in 1,4-Dioxane Efficiently Converts Hemicellulose-Related Sugars to Furfural. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Song
- BiomassChem Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650500, China
| | - Huai Liu
- BiomassChem Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650500, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- BiomassChem Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650500, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Xiamen key Laboratory of Clean and High-Valued Utilization for Biomass, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Lincai Peng
- BiomassChem Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650500, China
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12
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Gong X, Çağlayan M, Ye Y, Liu K, Gascon J, Dutta Chowdhury A. First-Generation Organic Reaction Intermediates in Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14275-14345. [PMID: 35947790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite chemistry and catalysis are expected to play a decisive role in the next decade(s) to build a more decentralized renewable feedstock-dependent sustainable society owing to the increased scrutiny over carbon emissions. Therefore, the lack of fundamental and mechanistic understanding of these processes is a critical "technical bottleneck" that must be eliminated to maximize economic value and minimize waste. We have identified, considering this objective, that the chemistry related to the first-generation reaction intermediates (i.e., carbocations, radicals, carbenes, ketenes, and carbanions) in zeolite chemistry and catalysis is highly underdeveloped or undervalued compared to other catalysis streams (e.g., homogeneous catalysis). This limitation can often be attributed to the technological restrictions to detect such "short-lived and highly reactive" intermediates at the interface (gas-solid/solid-liquid); however, the recent rise of sophisticated spectroscopic/analytical techniques (including under in situ/operando conditions) and modern data analysis methods collectively compete to unravel the impact of these organic intermediates. This comprehensive review summarizes the state-of-the-art first-generation organic reaction intermediates in zeolite chemistry and catalysis and evaluates their existing challenges and future prospects, to contribute significantly to the "circular carbon economy" initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Mustafa Çağlayan
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yiru Ye
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Jorge Gascon
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Lyu JM, Yu S, Peng Z, Zhou J, Liu Z, Li XY, Yu-Li, Chen LH, Su BL. Control of the proximity of bifunctional zeolite@Al2O3 catalysts for efficient methanol conversion into hydrocarbons. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Rahman A, Jalil A, Hamid M, Hussain I, Hassan N, Khoja AH. Improved ethylbenzene suppression and coke-resistance on benzene methylation over metals doped fibrous silica-HZSM-5 zeolite. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Yang L, Wang C, Dai W, Wu G, Guan N, Li L. Progressive steps and catalytic cycles in methanol-to-hydrocarbons reaction over acidic zeolites. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 2:184-192. [PMID: 38933155 PMCID: PMC11197791 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the complete reaction network and mechanism of methanol-to-hydrocarbons remains a key challenge in the field of zeolite catalysis and C1 chemistry. Inspired by the identification of the reactive surface methoxy species on solid acids, several direct mechanisms associated with the formation of the first C-C bond in methanol conversion have been recently disclosed. Identifying the stepwise involvement of the initial intermediates containing the first C-C bond in the whole reaction process of methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion becomes possible and attractive for the further development of this important reaction. Herein, several initial unsaturated aldehydes/ketones containing the C-C bond are identified via complementary spectroscopic techniques. With the combination of kinetic and spectroscopic analyses, a complete roadmap of the zeolite-catalyzed methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion from the initial C-C bonds to the hydrocarbon pool species via the oxygen-containing unsaturated intermediates is clearly illustrated. With the participation of both Brønsted and Lewis acid sites in H-ZSM-5 zeolite, an initial aldol-cycle is proposed, which can be closely connected to the well-known dual-cycle mechanism in the methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Weili Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Guangjun Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Naijia Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Landong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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16
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Ma H, Liao J, Wei Z, Tian X, Li J, Chen YY, Wang S, Wang H, Dong M, Qin Z, Wang J, Fan W. Trimethyloxonium ion – a zeolite confined mobile and efficient methyl carrier at low temperatures: a DFT study coupled with microkinetic analysis. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00207h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction network of ethene methylation over H-ZSM-5, including methanol dehydration, ethene methylation, and C3H7+ conversion, is investigated by employing a multiscale approach combining DFT calculations and microkinetic modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Fine Chemicals, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jian Liao
- School of Computer & Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhihong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xinxin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Junfen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Sen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Fine Chemicals, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Mei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhangfeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Weibin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
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17
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Omojola T, Logsdail AJ, van Veen AC, Nastase SAF. A quantitative multiscale perspective on primary olefin formation from methanol. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:21437-21469. [PMID: 34569573 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02551a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of the first C-C bond and primary olefins from methanol over zeolite and zeotype catalysts has been studied for over 40 years. Over 20 mechanisms have been proposed for the formation of the first C-C bond. In this quantitative multiscale perspective, we decouple the adsorption, desorption, mobility, and surface reactions of early species through a combination of vacuum and sub-vacuum studies using temporal analysis of products (TAP) reactor systems, and through studies with atmospheric fixed bed reactors. These results are supplemented with density functional theory calculations and data-driven physical models, using partial differential equations, that describe the temporal and spatial evolution of species. We consider the effects of steam, early degradation species, and product masking due to the inherent autocatalytic nature of the process, which all complicate the observation of the primary olefin(s). Although quantitative spectroscopic determination of the lifetimes, surface mobility, and reactivity of adspecies is still lacking in the literature, we observe that reaction barriers are competitive with adsorption enthalpies and/or activation energies of desorption, while facile diffusion occurs in the porous structures of the zeolite/zeotype catalysts. Understanding the various processes allows for quantitative evaluation of their competing energetics, which leads to molecular insights as to what governs the catalytic activity during the conversion of methanol to primary olefins over zeolite/zeotype catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyin Omojola
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Claverton Down, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. .,School of Engineering, Library Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrew J Logsdail
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - André C van Veen
- School of Engineering, Library Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Stefan Adrian F Nastase
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
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18
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Sun T, Chen W, Xu S, Zheng A, Wu X, Zeng S, Wang N, Meng X, Wei Y, Liu Z. The first carbon-carbon bond formation mechanism in methanol-to-hydrocarbons process over chabazite zeolite. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Liang L, Ji Y, Zhao Z, Quinn CM, Han X, Bao X, Polenova T, Hou G. Accurate heteronuclear distance measurements at all magic-angle spinning frequencies in solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11554-11564. [PMID: 34567504 PMCID: PMC8409495 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03194e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteronuclear dipolar coupling is indispensable in revealing vital information related to the molecular structure and dynamics, as well as intermolecular interactions in various solid materials. Although numerous approaches have been developed to selectively reintroduce heteronuclear dipolar coupling under MAS, most of them lack universality and can only be applied to limited spin systems. Herein, we introduce a new and robust technique dubbed phase modulated rotary resonance (PMRR) for reintroducing heteronuclear dipolar couplings while suppressing all other interactions under a broad range of MAS conditions. The standard PMRR requires the radiofrequency (RF) field strength of only twice the MAS frequency, can efficiently recouple the dipolar couplings with a large scaling factor of 0.50, and is robust to experimental imperfections. Moreover, the adjustable window modification of PMRR, dubbed wPMRR, can improve its performance remarkably, making it well suited for the accurate determination of dipolar couplings in various spin systems. The robust performance of such pulse sequences has been verified theoretically and experimentally via model compounds, at different MAS frequencies. The application of the PMRR technique was demonstrated on the H-ZSM-5 zeolite, where the interaction between the Brønsted acidic hydroxyl groups of H-ZSM-5 and the absorbed trimethylphosphine oxide (TMPO) were probed, revealing the detailed configuration of super acid sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yi Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhenchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
| | - Caitlin M Quinn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware Newark Delaware 19716 USA
| | - Xiuwen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
| | - Xinhe Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
| | - Tatyana Polenova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware Newark Delaware 19716 USA
| | - Guangjin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
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20
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Nastase SAF, Logsdail AJ, Catlow CRA. QM/MM study of the reactivity of zeolite bound methoxy and carbene groups. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:17634-17644. [PMID: 34369957 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02535j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) is known to occur via an autocatalytic process in zeolites, where framework-bound methoxy species play a pivotal role, especially during catalyst induction. Recent NMR and FT-IR experimental studies suggest that methoxylated zeolites are able to produce hydrocarbons by a mechanism involving carbene migration and association. In order to understand these observations, we have performed QM/MM computational investigations on a range of reaction mechanisms for the reaction of zeolite bound methoxy and carbene groups, which are proposed to initiate hydrocarbon formation in the MTH process. Our simulations demonstrate that it is kinetically unfavourable for methyl species to form on the framework away from the zeolite acid site, and both kinetically and thermodynamically unfavourable for methyl groups to migrate through the framework and aggregate around an acid site. Formation of carbene moieties was considered as an alternative pathway to the formation of C-C bonds; however, the reaction energy for conversion of a methyl to a carbene is unfavourable. Metadynamics simulations help confirm further that methyl species at the framework acid sites would be more reactive towards formed C2+ species, rather than inter-framework migration, and that the role of carbenes in the formation of the first C-C bond will be via a concerted type of mechanism rather than stepwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A F Nastase
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, UK.
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21
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Lin S, Zhi Y, Chen W, Li H, Zhang W, Lou C, Wu X, Zeng S, Xu S, Xiao J, Zheng A, Wei Y, Liu Z. Molecular Routes of Dynamic Autocatalysis for Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12038-12052. [PMID: 34319735 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The industrially important methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) reaction is driven and sustained by autocatalysis in a dynamic and complex manner. Hitherto, the entire molecular routes and chemical nature of the autocatalytic network have not been well understood. Herein, with a multitechnique approach and multiscale analysis, we have obtained a full theoretical picture of the domino cascade of autocatalytic reaction network taking place on HZSM-5 zeolite. The autocatalytic reaction is demonstrated to be plausibly initiated by reacting dimethyl ether (DME) with the surface methoxy species (SMS) to generate the initial olefins, as evidenced by combining the kinetic analysis, in situ DRIFT spectroscopy, 2D 13C-13C MAS NMR, electronic states, and projected density of state (PDOS) analysis. This process is operando tracked and visualized at the picosecond time scale by advanced ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. The initial olefins ignite autocatalysis by building the first autocatalytic cycle-olefins-based cycle-followed by the speciation of methylcyclopentenyl (MCP) and aromatic cyclic active species. In doing so, the active sites accomplish the dynamic evolution from proton acid sites to supramolecular active centers that are experimentally identified with an ever-evolving and fluid feature. The olefins-guided and cyclic-species-guided catalytic cycles are interdependently linked to forge a previously unidentified hypercycle, being composed of one "selfish" autocatalytic cycle (i.e., olefins-based cycle with lighter olefins as autocatalysts for catalyzing the formation of olefins) and three cross-catalysis cycles (with olefinic, MCP, and aromatic species as autocatalysts for catalyzing each other's formation). The unraveled dynamic autocatalytic cycles/network would facilitate the catalyst design and process control for MTH technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanfan Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchun Zhi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenna Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyi Lou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqiang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Shutao Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Xiao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Anmin Zheng
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxu Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
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22
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Han M, Xue Z, Ling L, Zhang R, Fan M, Wang B. Effect of Lewis/Brønsted acid sites in HZSM−5 zeolite on the selectivity of para-xylene during methylation of toluene with methanol. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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23
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Zhang D, Liu H, Ling L, Zhang H, Zhang R, Liu P, Wang B. The effect of introducing Ga on the ZSM-5-catalyzed methanol to aromatics reaction: taking methylcyclopentane to benzene as an example. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:10988-11003. [PMID: 33929467 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05778a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Naphthenes are key intermediates in the formation of aromatic compounds during the methanol to aromatics (MTA) reaction, and the dehydrogenation process is more important than the hydrogen transfer process. Theoretical studies were performed to investigate the methylcyclopentane, which represents a naphthene, to benzene MTA process catalyzed by ZSM-5 before and after introducing Ga, showing that Ga-ZSM-5 was more favorable for carrying out the reaction than two H-type ZSM-5 (H-Z1 and H-Z2) models. H-Z1 and H-Z2 are favorable for the transfer of H during ring expansion reactions and the reformation of Brønsted acids, but the dehydrogenation reactions involving H-Z1 and H-Z2 require high free-energy barriers to be overcome. Although introducing Ga to ZSM-5 is not conducive to the transfer of H after dehydrogenation, it can reduce the extremely high dehydrogenation free-energy barrier compared with H-Z1 and H-Z2; this is mainly because Ga at dehydrogenation active centers, [GaH]2+, can accept electrons and donate them to the H atoms of [GaH]2+, giving H negative charge and making it easy to combine with positive B-acid H atoms that come from methylcyclopentane, cyclohexene, and cyclohexadiene to produce H2. Also, analysis of the transition state structures of all DH processes shows that Ga-ZSM-5 is more favorable for promoting the combination of H to produce H2 than H-Z1 and H-Z2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, P. R. China.
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24
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Amsler J, Plessow PN, Studt F. Effect of Impurities on the Initiation of the Methanol-to-Olefins Process: Kinetic Modeling Based on Ab Initio Rate Constants. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The relevance of a selection of organic impurities for the initiation of the MTO process was quantified in a kinetic model comprising 107 elementary steps with ab initio computed reaction barriers (MP2:DFT). This model includes a representative part of the autocatalytic olefin cycle as well as a direct initiation mechanism starting from methanol through CO-mediated direct C–C bond formation. We find that the effect of different impurities on the olefin evolution varies with the type of impurity and their partial pressures. The reactivity of the considered impurities for initiating the olefin cycle increases in the order formaldehyde < di-methoxy methane < CO < methyl acetate < ethanol < ethene < propene. In our kinetic model, already extremely low quantities of impurities such as ethanol lead to faster initiation than through direct C–C bond formation which only matters in complete absence of impurities.
Graphic Abstract
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25
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26
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Han F, Yuan M, Chen H. Selective catalytic reduction of NOx with methanol on H-ZSM-5: The effect of extra-framework aluminum. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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27
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Zhang G, Fan Y, Huang J, Wang L, Yang C, Lyu M, Liu H, Ma Y. Decoupling nucleation from crystal-growth for the synthesis of nanocrystalline zeolites. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7258-7266. [PMID: 32427250 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01291b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The increasing demands for catalysts with improved accessibility to reactants call for a rational synthesis of nanosized zeolites. Herein we developed a facile approach for highly crystalline MFI-type (Silicalite-1 and ZSM-5) and beta zeolites with variable Si/Al ratios and high yield. This was achieved by kinetically decoupling the nucleation from the growth process of the zeolites in a highly concentrated gel system via a temperature-staged treatment. The carefully controlled low-water environment ensures only nucleation in stage I (aging), and hence the generation of abundant nuclei for the subsequent rapid crystallization within a self-confined space at stage II (growth). The method, without using expensive templates or additives, allows the syntheses of nanosized, well-isolated ZSM-5 (Si/Al = 100-∞, 36-88 nm, yield >85%) and Beta (Si/Al = 25-100, 21-66 nm, yield >95%). The ultra-small crystal size endows ZSM-5 zeolites with good catalytic activity, product selectivity and remarkably longer lifetime in methanol conversion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Yaqi Fan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Ju Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Lijin Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Chengguang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Meng Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haiming Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Yanhang Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China. and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai 200062, China
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28
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Oudi S, Oveisi AR, Daliran S, Khajeh M, Teymoori E. Brønsted-Lewis dual acid sites in a chromium-based metal-organic framework for cooperative catalysis: Highly efficient synthesis of quinazolin-(4H)-1-one derivatives. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 561:782-792. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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29
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Gilani SZA, Lu L, Arslan MT, Ali B, Wang Q, Wei F. Two-way desorption coupling to enhance the conversion of syngas into aromatics by MnO/H-ZSM-5. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00275e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a composite catalyst containing partially reducible and highly active manganese oxide and nano-size H-ZSM-5 with short b-axis, prepared for the direct conversion of syngas into aromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Zulfiqar Ali Gilani
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Le Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Muhammad Tahir Arslan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Babar Ali
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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30
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Hwang A, Bhan A. Deactivation of Zeolites and Zeotypes in Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons Catalysis: Mechanisms and Circumvention. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2647-2656. [PMID: 31403774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Solid catalysts deployed in industrial processes often undergo deactivation, requiring frequent replacement or regeneration to recover the loss in activity. Regeneration occurs under conditions distinct from, and typically more harsh than, the catalysis, placing strict requirements on physicochemical material properties that divert catalyst optimization toward addressing regenerability over high activity and selectivity. Deactivation arises from mechanical, structural, or chemical modifications to active sites, promoters, and their surrounding matrices, and the prevailing mechanism for deactivation varies with the reaction, the catalyst, and the reaction conditions. Methanol-to-hydrocarbons processes utilize zeolites and zeotypes-crystalline, microporous oxides widely deployed as catalysts in the refining and petrochemical industries-as solid acid catalysts. Deposition and growth of highly unsaturated carbonaceous residues within the micropores congest molecular transport and block active sites, resulting in deactivation. In this Account, we describe studies probing the underlying mechanisms of deactivation in methanol-to-hydrocarbons catalysis and discuss examples of leveraging the acquired mechanistic insights to mitigate deactivation and prolong catalyst lifetime. These fundamental principles governing carbon deposition within zeolites and zeotypes provide opportunity to broaden versatility of processes for C1 valorization and to relax constraints imposed by hydrothermal catalyst stability considerations to achieve more active and more selective catalysis. Methanol-to-hydrocarbons catalysis occurs via a chain carrier mechanism. A zeolite/zeotype cavity hosts an unsaturated hydrocarbon guest to together constitute the supramolecular chain carrier that engages in a complex network of reactions for chain carrier propagation. Productive propagation reactions include olefin methylation, aromatic methylation, and aromatic dealkylation. Methanol undergoes unproductive dehydrogenation to formaldehyde via methanol disproportionation and olefin transfer hydrogenation. Subsequent alkylation reactions between formaldehyde and active olefinic/aromatic cocatalysts instigate cascades for dehydrocyclization, resulting in the formation of inactive polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and termination of the chain carrier. Addition of a distinct catalytic function that selectively decomposes formaldehyde mitigates chain carrier termination without disrupting the high selectivity to ethylene and propylene in methanol-to-hydrocarbons catalysis on small-pore zeolites and zeotypes. The efficacy of this bifunctional strategy to prolong catalyst lifetime increases with increasing proximity between the active sites for formaldehyde decomposition and the H+ sites of the zeolite/zeotype. Coprocessing sacrifical hydrogen donors mitigates chain carrier termination by intercepting, via saturation, intermediates along dehydrocyclization cascades. This strategy increases in efficacy with increasing concentration of the hydrogen donor and provides opportunity to realize steady-state methanol-to-hydrocarbons catalysis on small-pore zeolites and zeotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aditya Bhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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31
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Jing B, Li J. Evolution of Hydrocarbon Pool over SAPO‐34 Catalyst during Methanol to Light Olefins. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Buqin Jing
- College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShanxi Datong University Datong, Shanxi 037009 PR China
| | - Junfen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 PR China
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Liu Y, Kirchberger FM, Müller S, Eder M, Tonigold M, Sanchez-Sanchez M, Lercher JA. Critical role of formaldehyde during methanol conversion to hydrocarbons. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1462. [PMID: 30931945 PMCID: PMC6443648 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde is an important intermediate product in the catalytic conversion of methanol to olefins (MTO). Here we show that formaldehyde is present during MTO with an average concentration of ~0.2 C% across the ZSM-5 catalyst bed up to a MeOH conversion of 70%. It condenses with acetic acid or methyl acetate, the carbonylation product of MeOH and DME, into unsaturated carboxylate or carboxylic acid, which decarboxylates into the first olefin. By tracing its reaction pathways of 13C-labeled formaldehyde, it is shown that formaldehyde reacts with alkenes via Prins reaction into dienes and finally to aromatics. Because its rate is one order of magnitude higher than that of hydrogen transfer between alkenes on ZSM-5, the Prins reaction is concluded to be the major reaction route from formaldehyde to produce dienes and aromatics. In consequence, formaldehyde increases the yield of ethene by enhancing the contribution of aromatic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Felix M Kirchberger
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Moritz Eder
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Markus Tonigold
- Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH, Waldheimer Straße 13, 83052, Bruckmühl, Germany
| | - Maricruz Sanchez-Sanchez
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany.
| | - Johannes A Lercher
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany.
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Plessow PN, Smith A, Tischer S, Studt F. Identification of the Reaction Sequence of the MTO Initiation Mechanism Using Ab Initio-Based Kinetics. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5908-5915. [PMID: 30920821 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The initiation of the methanol-to-olefins (MTO) process is investigated using a multiscale modeling approach where more than 100 ab initio computed (MP2:DFT) rate constants for H-SSZ-13 are used in a batch reactor model. The investigated reaction network includes the mechanism for initiation (42 steps) and a representative part of the autocatalytic olefin cycle (63 steps). The simulations unravel the dominant initiation pathway for H-SSZ-13: dehydrogenation of methanol to CO is followed by CO-methylation leading to the formation of the first C-C bond in methyl acetate despite high barriers of >200 kJ/mol. Our multiscale approach is able to shed light on the reaction sequence that ultimately leads to olefin formation and strikingly demonstrates that only with a full reactor model that includes autocatalysis with olefins as cocatalysts is one able to understand the initiation mechanism on the atomic scale. Importantly, the model also shows that autocatalysis takes over long before significant amounts of olefins are formed, thus guiding the interpretation of experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp N Plessow
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Ashley Smith
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Steffen Tischer
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany.,Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Karlsruhe 76131 , Germany
| | - Felix Studt
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany.,Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Karlsruhe 76131 , Germany
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Li G, Pidko EA. The Nature and Catalytic Function of Cation Sites in Zeolites: a Computational Perspective. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanna Li
- Department Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- Department Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
- ITMO University Lomonosova str. 9 St. Petersburg 191002 Russia
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