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Soliman BG, Nguyen AK, Gooding JJ, Kilian KA. Advancing Synthetic Hydrogels through Nature-Inspired Materials Chemistry. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404235. [PMID: 38896849 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics that can recapitulate the complex biochemical and mechanical nature of native tissues are needed for advanced models of development and disease. Biomedical research has heavily relied on the use of animal-derived biomaterials, which is now impeding their translational potential and convoluting the biological insights gleaned from in vitro tissue models. Natural hydrogels have long served as a convenient and effective cell culture tool, but advances in materials chemistry and fabrication techniques now present promising new avenues for creating xenogenic-free ECM substitutes appropriate for organotypic models and microphysiological systems. However, significant challenges remain in creating synthetic matrices that can approximate the structural sophistication, biochemical complexity, and dynamic functionality of native tissues. This review summarizes key properties of the native ECM, and discusses recent approaches used to systematically decouple and tune these properties in synthetic matrices. The importance of dynamic ECM mechanics, such as viscoelasticity and matrix plasticity, is also discussed, particularly within the context of organoid and engineered tissue matrices. Emerging design strategies to mimic these dynamic mechanical properties are reviewed, such as multi-network hydrogels, supramolecular chemistry, and hydrogels assembled from biological monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram G Soliman
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ashley K Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Kristopher A Kilian
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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2
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Pardo A, Gomez-Florit M, Davidson MD, Öztürk-Öncel MÖ, Domingues RMA, Burdick JA, Gomes ME. Hierarchical Design of Tissue-Mimetic Fibrillar Hydrogel Scaffolds. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303167. [PMID: 38400658 PMCID: PMC11209813 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Most tissues of the human body present hierarchical fibrillar extracellular matrices (ECMs) that have a strong influence over their physicochemical properties and biological behavior. Of great interest is the introduction of this fibrillar structure to hydrogels, particularly due to the water-rich composition, cytocompatibility, and tunable properties of this class of biomaterials. Here, the main bottom-up fabrication strategies for the design and production of hierarchical biomimetic fibrillar hydrogels and their most representative applications in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are reviewed. For example, the controlled assembly/arrangement of peptides, polymeric micelles, cellulose nanoparticles (NPs), and magnetically responsive nanostructures, among others, into fibrillar hydrogels is discussed, as well as their potential use as fibrillar-like hydrogels (e.g., those from cellulose NPs) with key biofunctionalities such as electrical conductivity or remote stimulation. Finally, the major remaining barriers to the clinical translation of fibrillar hydrogels and potential future directions of research in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Pardo
- 3B’s Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal; ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Particle Physics Department, Materials Institute (iMATUS), and Health Research Institute (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Gomez-Florit
- Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering (TERCIT), Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Matthew D. Davidson
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - M. Özgen Öztürk-Öncel
- 3B’s Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal; ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui M. A. Domingues
- 3B’s Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal; ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Manuela E. Gomes
- 3B’s Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal; ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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3
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Yue Q, Wang S, Jones ST, Fielding LA. Multifunctional Self-Assembled Block Copolymer/Iron Oxide Nanocomposite Hydrogels Formed from Wormlike Micelles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16. [PMID: 38592714 PMCID: PMC11056933 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
This article reports the preparation of multifunctional magnetic nanocomposite hydrogels formed from wormlike micelles. Specifically, iron oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into a temperature responsive block copolymer, poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-b-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PGMA-b-PHPMA), and graphene oxide (GO) dispersion at a low temperature (∼2 °C) through high-speed mixing and returning the mixture to room temperature, resulting in the formation of nanocomposite gels. The optimal concentrations of iron oxide and GO enhanced the gel strength of the nanocomposite gels, which exhibited a strong magnetic response when a magnetic field was applied. These materials retained the thermoresponsiveness of the PGMA-PHPMA wormlike micelles allowing for a solid-to-liquid transition to occur when the temperature was reduced. The mechanical and rheological properties and performance of the nanocomposite gels were demonstrated to be adjustable, making them suitable for a wide range of potential applications. These nanocomposite worm gels were demonstrated to be relatively adhesive and to act as strain and temperature sensors, with the measured electrical resistance of the nanocomposite gels changing with applied strain and temperature sweeps. The nanocomposite gels were found to recover efficiently after the application of high shear with approximately 100% healing efficiency within seconds. Additionally, these nanocomposite worm gels were injectable, and the addition of GO and iron oxide nanomaterials seemed to have no significant adverse impact on the biocompatibility of the copolymer gels, making them suitable not only for 3D printing in nanocomposite engineering but also for potential utilization in various biomedical applications as an injectable magnetic responsive hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yue
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Samuel T. Jones
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Lee A. Fielding
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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4
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Maitland GL, Liu M, Neal TJ, Hammerton J, Han Y, Worrall SD, Topham PD, Derry MJ. Block copolymer synthesis in ionic liquid via polymerisation-induced self-assembly: a convenient route to gel electrolytes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4416-4426. [PMID: 38516087 PMCID: PMC10952082 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06717c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
We report for the first time a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerisation-induced self-assembly (RAFT-PISA) formulation in ionic liquid (IL) that yields worm gels. A series of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PHEMA-b-PBzMA) block copolymer nanoparticles were synthesised via RAFT dispersion polymerisation of benzyl methacrylate in the hydrophilic IL 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium dicyanamide, [EMIM][DCA]. This RAFT-PISA formulation can be controlled to afford spherical, worm-like and vesicular nano-objects, with free-standing gels being obtained over a broad range of PBzMA core-forming degrees of polymerisation (DPs). High monomer conversions (≥96%) were obtained within 2 hours for all PISA syntheses as determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy, and good control over molar mass was confirmed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Nanoparticle morphologies were identified using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and further detailed characterisation was conducted to monitor rheological, electrochemical and thermal characteristics of the nanoparticle dispersions to assess their potential in future electronic applications. Most importantly, this new PISA formulation in IL facilitates the in situ formation of worm ionogel electrolyte materials at copolymer concentrations >4% w/w via efficient and convenient synthesis routes without the need for organic co-solvents or post-polymerisation processing/purification. Moreover, we demonstrate that the worm ionogels developed in this work exhibit comparable electrochemical properties and thermal stability to that of the IL alone, showcasing their potential as gel electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia L Maitland
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Mingyu Liu
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Thomas J Neal
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - James Hammerton
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Yisong Han
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Stephen D Worrall
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Paul D Topham
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Matthew J Derry
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
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5
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György C, Armes SP. Recent Advances in Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (PISA) Syntheses in Non-Polar Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308372. [PMID: 37409380 PMCID: PMC10952376 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful and highly versatile technique for the rational synthesis of colloidal dispersions of diblock copolymer nanoparticles, including spheres, worms or vesicles. PISA can be conducted in water, polar solvents or non-polar media. In principle, the latter formulations offer a wide range of potential commercial applications. However, there has been just one review focused on PISA syntheses in non-polar media and this prior article was published in 2016. The purpose of the current review article is to summarize the various advances that have been reported since then. In particular, PISA syntheses conducted using reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization in various n-alkanes, poly(α-olefins), mineral oil, low-viscosity silicone oils or supercritical CO2 are discussed in detail. Selected formulations exhibit thermally induced worm-to-sphere or vesicle-to-worm morphological transitions and the rheological properties of various examples of worm gels in non-polar media are summarized. Finally, visible absorption spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) enable in situ monitoring of nanoparticle formation, while small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) can be used to examine micelle fusion/fission and chain exchange mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla György
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldDainton BuildingSheffieldSouth YorkshireS3 7HFUK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldDainton BuildingSheffieldSouth YorkshireS3 7HFUK
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6
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Ulker D, Neal TJ, Crawford A, Armes SP. Thermoresponsive Poly( N, N'-dimethylacrylamide)-Based Diblock Copolymer Worm Gels via RAFT Solution Polymerization: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cell Biology Applications. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4285-4302. [PMID: 37616242 PMCID: PMC10498450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
RAFT solution polymerization is used to polymerize 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA). The resulting PHPMA precursor is then chain-extended using N,N'-dimethylacrylamide (DMAC) to produce a series of thermoresponsive PHPMA-PDMAC diblock copolymers. Such amphiphilic copolymers can be directly dispersed in ice-cold water and self-assembled at 20 °C to form spheres, worms, or vesicles depending on their copolymer composition. Construction of a pseudo-phase diagram is required to identify the pure worm phase, which corresponds to a rather narrow range of PDMAC DPs. Such worms form soft, free-standing gels in aqueous solution at around ambient temperature. Rheology studies confirm the thermoresponsive nature of such worms, which undergo a reversible worm-to-sphere on cooling below ambient temperature. This morphological transition leads to in situ degelation, and variable temperature 1H NMR studies indicate a higher degree of (partial) hydration for the weakly hydrophobic PHPMA chains at lower temperatures. The trithiocarbonate end-group located at the end of each PDMAC chain can be removed by treatment with excess hydrazine. The resulting terminal secondary thiol group can form disulfide bonds via coupling, which produces PHPMA-PDMAC-PHPMA triblock copolymer chains. Alternatively, this reactive thiol group can be used for conjugation reactions. A PHPMA141-PDMAC36 worm gel was used to store human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for up to three weeks at 37 °C. MSCs retrieved from this gel subsequently underwent proliferation and maintained their ability to differentiate into osteoblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Ulker
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Sciences, Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus TR-99138, Turkey
| | - Thomas J. Neal
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Aileen Crawford
- School
of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S10 2TA, UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
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7
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Shape-Shifting Thermoresponsive Block Copolymer Nano-Objects. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 634:906-920. [PMID: 36566636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this Feature Article, we review our recent progress in the design of shape-shifting thermoresponsive diblock copolymer nano-objects, which are prepared using various hydroxyl-functional (meth)acrylic monomers (e.g. 2‑hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 4‑hydroxybutyl acrylate or hydroxybutyl methacrylate) to generate the thermoresponsive block. Unlike traditional thermoresponsive polymers such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), there is no transition between soluble and insoluble polymer chains in aqueous solution. Instead, thermally driven transitions between a series of copolymer morphologies (e.g. spheres, worms, vesicles or lamellae) occur on adjusting the aqueous solution temperature owing to a subtle change in the partial degree of hydration of the permanently insoluble thermoresponsive block. Such remarkable self-assembly behavior is unprecedented in colloid science: no other amphiphilic diblock copolymer or surfactant system undergoes such behavior at a fixed chemical composition and concentration. Such shape-shifting nano-objects are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, rheology and variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. Potential applications for this fascinating new class of amphiphiles are briefly considered.
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8
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Cheng YT, Xia Q, Liu H, Solomon MB, Brisson ERL, Blackman LD, Ling CD, Müllner M. Tunable Polymer Nanoreactors from RAFT Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly: Fabrication of Nanostructured Carbon-Coated Anatase as Battery Anode Materials with Variable Morphology and Porosity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12261-12272. [PMID: 36821625 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a modular synthesis approach to yield mesoporous carbon-coated anatase (denoted as TiO2/C) nanostructures. Combining polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization enabled the fabrication of uniform core-shell polymeric nanoreactors with tunable morphologies. The nanoreactors comprised of a poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) shell and a poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PBzMA) core. We selected worm-like and vesicular morphologies to guide the nanostructuring of a TiO2 precursor, namely, titanium(IV) bis(ammonium lactato)dihydroxide (TALH). Subsequent carbonization yielded nanocrystalline anatase and simultaneously introduced a porous carbon framework, which also suppressed the crystal growth (∼5 nm crystallites). The as-prepared TiO2/C materials comprised of a porous structure, with large specific surface areas (>85 m2/g) and various carbon contents (20-30 wt %). As anode components in lithium-ion batteries, our TiO2/C nanomaterials improved the cycling stability, facilitated high overall capacities, and minimized the capacity loss compared to both their sans carbon and commercial anatase analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Theng Cheng
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Qingbo Xia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Sydney Microscopy & Microanalysis, The University of Sydney node of Microscopy Australia, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Marcello B Solomon
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Emma R L Brisson
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lewis D Blackman
- CSIRO Manufacturing Business Unit, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Chris D Ling
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Markus Müllner
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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9
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Lin D, Li Y, Zhang L, Chen Y, Tan J. Scalable Preparation of Cylindrical Block Copolymer Micelles with a Liquid-Crystalline Perfluorinated Core by Photoinitiated Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Dispersion Polymerization. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Lin
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jianbo Tan
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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10
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Li H, Cornel EJ, Fan Z, Du J. Chirality-controlled polymerization-induced self-assembly. Chem Sci 2022; 13:14179-14190. [PMID: 36540815 PMCID: PMC9728572 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05695j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that biodegradable nanoparticles can be efficiently prepared with polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides-induced self-assembly (NCA-PISA). However, thus far, the effect of chiral monomer ratio on such NCA-PISA formulations and the resulting nanoparticles has not yet been fully explored. Herein, we show, for the first time, that the morphology, secondary structure, and biodegradation rate of PISA nanoparticles can be controlled by altering the chiral ratio of the core-forming monomers. This chirality-controlled PISA (CC-PISA) method allowed the preparation of nanoparticles that are more adjustable and applicable for future biomedical applications. Additionally, the complex secondary peptide structure (ratio of α-helix to β-sheet) and π-π stacking affect the polymer self-assembly process. More specifically, a PEG45 macro-initiator was chain-extended with l- and d-phenylalanine (l- and d-Phe-NCA) in various molar ratios in dry THF at 15 wt%. This ring-opening polymerization (ROP) allowed the preparation of homo- and hetero-chiral Phe-peptide block copolymers that self-assembled in situ into nanoparticles. For homo-chiral formulations, polymers self-assembled into vesicles once a sufficiently high phenylalanine degree of polymerization (DP) was obtained. Hetero-chiral formulations formed larger nanoparticles with various morphologies and, much to our surprise, using an equal enantiomer ratio inhibited PISA and led to a polymer solution instead. Finally, it was shown that the enzymatic biodegradation rate of such PISA particles is greatly affected by the polymer chirality. This PISA approach could be of great value to fabricate nanoparticles that exploit chirality in disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolan Li
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Erik Jan Cornel
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai 200434 China
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11
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Calabrese V, György C, Haward SJ, Neal TJ, Armes SP, Shen AQ. Microstructural Dynamics and Rheology of Worm-like Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticle Dispersions under a Simple Shear and a Planar Extensional Flow. Macromolecules 2022; 55:10031-10042. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Calabrese
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Csilla György
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Simon J. Haward
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Thomas J. Neal
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Amy Q. Shen
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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12
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Neal TJ, Penfold NJW, Armes SP. Reverse Sequence Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly in Aqueous Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207376. [PMID: 35678548 PMCID: PMC9541501 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report a new aqueous polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) formulation that enables the hydrophobic block to be prepared first when targeting diblock copolymer nano‐objects. This counter‐intuitive reverse sequence approach uses an ionic reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent for the RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of 2‐hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) to produce charge‐stabilized latex particles. Chain extension using a water‐soluble methacrylic, acrylic or acrylamide comonomer then produces sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles in an aqueous one‐pot formulation. In each case, the monomer diffuses into the PHPMA particles, which act as the locus for the polymerization. A remarkable change in morphology occurs as the ≈600 nm latex is converted into much smaller sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles, which exhibit thermoresponsive behavior. Such reverse sequence PISA formulations enable the efficient synthesis of new functional diblock copolymer nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Neal
- Department or Chemistry The University of Sheffield Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Nicholas J. W. Penfold
- Department or Chemistry The University of Sheffield Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department or Chemistry The University of Sheffield Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
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13
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Thermoresponsive Polymer Assemblies: From Molecular Design to Theranostics Application. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Ayazbayeva AY, Shakhvorostov AV, Gussenov IS, Seilkhanov TM, Aseyev VO, Kudaibergenov SE. Temperature and Salt Responsive Amphoteric Nanogels Based on N-Isopropylacrylamide, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt and (3-Acrylamidopropyl) Trimethylammonium Chloride. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142343. [PMID: 35889568 PMCID: PMC9320390 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyampholyte nanogels based on N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (APTAC) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt (AMPS) were synthesized via conventional redox-initiated free radical copolymerization. The resultant nanogels of various compositions, specifically [NIPAM]:[APTAC]:[AMPS] = 90:5:5; 90:7.5:2.5; 90:2.5:7.5 mol.%, herein abbreviated as NIPAM90-APTAC5-AMPS5, NIPAM90-APTAC7.5-AMPS2.5 and NIPAM90-APTAC2.5-AMPS7.5, were characterized by a combination of 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, UV-Vis, DLS and zeta potential measurements. The temperature and salt-responsive properties of amphoteric nanogels were studied in aqueous and saline solutions in a temperature range from 25 to 60 °C and at ionic strengths (μ) of 10-3 to 1M NaCl. Volume phase transition temperatures (VPTT) of the charge-balanced nanogel were found to reach a maximum upon the addition of salt, whereas the same parameter for the charge-imbalanced nanogels exhibited a sharp decrease at higher saline concentrations. A wide bimodal distribution of average hydrodynamic sizes of nanogel particles had a tendency to transform to a narrow monomodal peak at elevated temperatures and higher ionic strengths. According to the DLS results, increasing ionic strength results in the clumping of nanogel particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigerim Ye. Ayazbayeva
- Laboratory of Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty 050019, Kazakhstan; (A.V.S.); (I.S.G.)
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence: (A.Y.A.); (S.E.K.)
| | - Alexey V. Shakhvorostov
- Laboratory of Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty 050019, Kazakhstan; (A.V.S.); (I.S.G.)
| | - Iskander Sh. Gussenov
- Laboratory of Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty 050019, Kazakhstan; (A.V.S.); (I.S.G.)
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Tulegen M. Seilkhanov
- Laboratory of NMR-Spectroscopy, Sh. Ualikhanov University, Kokshetau 020000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Vladimir O. Aseyev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Sarkyt E. Kudaibergenov
- Laboratory of Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty 050019, Kazakhstan; (A.V.S.); (I.S.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.Y.A.); (S.E.K.)
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15
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Neal TJ, Penfold NJW, Armes SP. Reverse Sequence Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly in Aqueous Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Neal
- Department or Chemistry The University of Sheffield Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Nicholas J. W. Penfold
- Department or Chemistry The University of Sheffield Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department or Chemistry The University of Sheffield Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
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16
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Xiong C, Ma B, Qiu T, Li X, Shao X, Guo L. In situ insight into the self-assembly evolution of ABA-type block copolymers in water during the gelation process using infrared spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:17004-17013. [PMID: 35775968 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00822j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a kind of thermo-responsive hydrogel, amphiphilic block copolymers are widely investigated. However, the molecular mechanism of their structural change during the gelation process is still limited. Here, a well-controlled triblock copolymer poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)-b-poly(diacetone acrylamide)-b-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAA-b-PDAAM-b-PDMAA) was synthesized. Its optical microrheology results suggest a gelation temperature range from 42 to 50 °C, showing a transition from viscosity to elasticity. The morphological transition from spheres to worms occurs. Temperature-dependent IR spectra through two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) and the Gaussian fitting technique were analyzed to obtain the transition information of the molecular structure within the triblock copolymer. The N-way principal component analysis (NPCA) on the temperature-dependent NIR spectra was performed to understand the molecular interaction between water and the copolymer. The intramolecular hydrogen bonds within the hydrophobic PDAAM block tend to dissociate with temperature, resulting in improved hydration and a relative volume increase of the PDAAM block. The dissociation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds within the PDAAM block was the driving force for the morphological transition. Moreover, the hydrophilic PDMAA block dehydrates with temperature, and three stages can be found. The dehydration rate of the second stage with temperature from 42 to 50 °C was obviously higher than those in the lower (first stage) and higher (third stage) temperature ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongwen Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Biao Ma
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Teng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. .,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. .,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xueguang Shao
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Longhai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. .,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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17
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Brotherton EE, Neal TJ, Kaldybekov DB, Smallridge MJ, Khutoryanskiy VV, Armes SP. Aldehyde-functional thermoresponsive diblock copolymer worm gels exhibit strong mucoadhesion. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6888-6898. [PMID: 35774174 PMCID: PMC9200053 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02074b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of thermoresponsive diblock copolymer worm gels is prepared via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous dispersion polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate using a water-soluble methacrylic precursor bearing pendent cis-diol groups. Selective oxidation using an aqueous solution of sodium periodate affords the corresponding aldehyde-functional worm gels. The aldehyde groups are located within the steric stabilizer chains and the aldehyde content can be adjusted by varying the periodate/cis-diol molar ratio. These aldehyde-functional worm gels are evaluated in terms of their mucoadhesion performance with the aid of a fluorescence microscopy-based assay. Using porcine urinary bladder mucosa as a model substrate, we demonstrate that these worm gels offer a comparable degree of mucoadhesion to that afforded by chitosan, which is widely regarded to be a ‘gold standard’ positive control in this context. The optimum degree of aldehyde functionality is approximately 30%: lower degrees of functionalization lead to weaker mucoadhesion, whereas higher values compromise the desirable thermoresponsive behavior of these worm gels. Optimizing the aldehyde content of thermoresponsive diblock copolymer worm gels via periodate oxidation leads to mucoadhesion performance comparable to that of chitosan (a gold standard positive control) in a fluorescence assay using porcine mucosa.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E Brotherton
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Thomas J Neal
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Daulet B Kaldybekov
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights PO Box 224, Reading Berkshire RG6 6DX UK .,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty 050040 Kazakhstan
| | | | - Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights PO Box 224, Reading Berkshire RG6 6DX UK
| | - Steven P Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
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18
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Hunter SJ, Penfold NJW, Jones ER, Zinn T, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. Synthesis of Thermoresponsive Diblock Copolymer Nano-Objects via RAFT Aqueous Emulsion Polymerization of Hydroxybutyl Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2022; 55:3051-3062. [PMID: 35492576 PMCID: PMC9047412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saul J. Hunter
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Nicholas J. W. Penfold
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | | | - Thomas Zinn
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Oleksandr O. Mykhaylyk
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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19
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Cumming J, Deane OJ, Armes SP. Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Aqueous Dispersion Polymerization of 4-Hydroxybutyl Acrylate Produces Highly Thermoresponsive Diblock Copolymer Nano-Objects. Macromolecules 2022; 55:788-798. [PMID: 35431331 PMCID: PMC9007527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous dispersion polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) using a poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) (PGMA) precursor is an important prototypical example of polymerization-induced self-assembly. 4-Hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA) is a structural isomer of HPMA, but the former monomer exhibits appreciably higher aqueous solubility. For the two corresponding homopolymers, PHBA is more weakly hydrophobic than PHPMA. Moreover, PHBA has a significantly lower glass transition temperature (T g) so it exhibits much higher chain mobility than PHPMA at around ambient temperature. In view of these striking differences, we have examined the RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of HBA using a PGMA precursor with the aim of producing a series of PGMA57-300-PHBA100-1580 diblock copolymer nano-objects by systematic variation of the mean degree of polymerization of each block. A pseudo-phase diagram is constructed using transmission electron microscopy to assign the copolymer morphology after employing glutaraldehyde to cross-link the PHBA chains and hence prevent film formation during grid preparation. The thermoresponsive character of the as-synthesized linear nano-objects is explored using dynamic light scattering and temperature-dependent rheological measurements. Comparison with the analogous PGMA x -PHPMA y formulation is made where appropriate. In particular, we demonstrate that replacing the structure-directing PHPMA block with PHBA leads to significantly greater thermoresponsive behavior over a much wider range of diblock copolymer compositions. Given that PGMA-PHPMA worm gels can induce stasis in human stem cells (see Canton et al., ACS Central Science, 2016, 2, 65-74), our findings are likely to have implications for the design of next-generation PGMA-PHBA worm gels for cell biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana
M. Cumming
- Dainton Building, Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Oliver J. Deane
- Dainton Building, Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
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20
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Sahoo S, Gordievskaya YD, Bauri K, Gavrilov AA, Kramarenko EY, De P. Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (PISA) Generated Cholesterol-Based Block Copolymer Nano-Objects in a Nonpolar Solvent: Combined Experimental and Simulation Study. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasish Sahoo
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Yulia D. Gordievskaya
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Kamal Bauri
- Department of Chemistry, Raghunathpur College, Purulia 723133, West Bengal, India
| | - Alexey A. Gavrilov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elena Yu. Kramarenko
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, West Bengal, India
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21
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Beattie DL, Deane OJ, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate: effect of end-group ionization on the formation and colloidal stability of sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01562a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)-poly(4-hydroxybutyl acrylate) nano-objects are prepared by aqueous polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) using an ionic RAFT agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L. Beattie
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Oliver J. Deane
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Oleksandr O. Mykhaylyk
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
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22
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Penfold NJW, Neal TJ, Plait C, Leigh AE, Chimonides G, Smallridge MJ, Armes SP. Reverse sequence polymerization-induced self-assembly in aqueous media: a counter-intuitive approach to sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nano-objects. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01064j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A 500 nm charge-stabilized latex is converted into 40 nm sterically-stabilized nanoparticles via reverse sequence polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. W. Penfold
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Thomas J. Neal
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Corentin Plait
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Andrew E. Leigh
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Gwen Chimonides
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
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23
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Czajka A, Byard SJ, Armes SP. Silica nanoparticle-loaded thermoresponsive block copolymer vesicles: a new post-polymerization encapsulation strategy and thermally triggered release. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9569-9579. [PMID: 36091885 PMCID: PMC9400661 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02103j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A thermoresponsive amphiphilic diblock copolymer that can form spheres, worms or vesicles in aqueous media at neutral pH by simply raising the dispersion temperature from 1 °C (spheres) to 25 °C (worms) to 50 °C (vesicles) is prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). Heating such an aqueous copolymer dispersion from 1 °C up to 50 °C in the presence of 19 nm glycerol-functionalized silica nanoparticles enables this remarkable ‘shape-shifting’ behavior to be exploited as a new post-polymerization encapsulation strategy. The silica-loaded vesicles formed at 50 °C are then crosslinked using a disulfide-based dihydrazide reagent. Such covalent stabilization enables the dispersion to be cooled to room temperature without loss of the vesicle morphology, thus aiding characterization and enabling the loading efficiency to be determined as a function of both copolymer and silica concentration. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis indicated a mean vesicle membrane thickness of approximately 20 ± 2 nm for the linear vesicles and TEM studies confirmed encapsulation of the silica nanoparticles within these nano-objects. After removal of the non-encapsulated silica nanoparticles via multiple centrifugation–redispersion cycles, thermogravimetric analysis indicated that vesicle loading efficiencies of up to 86% can be achieved under optimized conditions. Thermally-triggered release of the silica nanoparticles is achieved by cleaving the disulfide bonds at 50 °C using tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), followed by cooling to 20 °C to induce vesicle dissociation. SAXS is also used to confirm the release of silica nanoparticles by monitoring the disappearance of the structure factor peak arising from silica–silica interactions. A loading efficiency of up to 86% is achieved for silica nanoparticles encapsulated within crosslinkable redox-sensitive thermoresponsive diblock copolymer vesicles in water at 50 °C; triggered release is also demonstrated for this system.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Czajka
- Dainton Building, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Sarah J. Byard
- Dainton Building, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
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24
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Audureau N, Coumes F, Veith C, Guibert C, Guigner JM, Stoffelbach F, Rieger J. Synthesis and Characterization of Temperature-Responsive N-Cyanomethylacrylamide-Containing Diblock Copolymer Assemblies in Water. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4424. [PMID: 34960975 PMCID: PMC8707179 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that poly(N-cyanomethylacrylamide) (PCMAm) exhibits a typical upper-critical solution temperature (UCST)-type transition, as long as the molar mass of the polymer is limited, which was made possible through the use of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization. In this research article, we use for the first time N-cyanomethylacrylamide (CMAm) in a typical aqueous dispersion polymerization conducted in the presence of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAm) macroRAFT agents. After assessing that well-defined PDMAm-b-PCMAm diblock copolymers were formed through this aqueous synthesis pathway, we characterized in depth the colloidal stability, morphology and temperature-responsiveness of the dispersions, notably using cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and turbidimetry. The combined analyses revealed that stable nanometric spheres, worms and vesicles could be prepared when the PDMAm block was sufficiently long. Concerning the thermoresponsiveness, only diblocks with a PCMAm block of a low degree of polymerization (DPn,PCMAm < 100) exhibited a UCST-type dissolution upon heating at low concentration. In contrast, for higher DPn,PCMAm, the diblock copolymer nano-objects did not disassemble. At sufficiently high temperatures, they rather exhibited a temperature-induced secondary aggregation of primary particles. In summary, we demonstrated that various morphologies of nano-objects could be obtained via a typical polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) process using PCMAm as the hydrophobic block. We believe that the development of this aqueous synthesis pathway of novel PCMAm-based thermoresponsive polymers will pave the way towards various applications, notably as thermoresponsive coatings and in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Audureau
- Polymer Chemistry Team, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Sorbonne Université & CNRS, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France; (N.A.); (F.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Fanny Coumes
- Polymer Chemistry Team, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Sorbonne Université & CNRS, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France; (N.A.); (F.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Clémence Veith
- Polymer Chemistry Team, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Sorbonne Université & CNRS, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France; (N.A.); (F.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Clément Guibert
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France;
| | - Jean-Michel Guigner
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC)-IRD-MNHN, Sorbonne Université & CNRS, UMR 7590, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France;
| | - François Stoffelbach
- Polymer Chemistry Team, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Sorbonne Université & CNRS, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France; (N.A.); (F.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Polymer Chemistry Team, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Sorbonne Université & CNRS, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France; (N.A.); (F.C.); (C.V.)
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25
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Deane OJ, Jennings J, Armes SP. Shape-shifting thermoreversible diblock copolymer nano-objects via RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13719-13729. [PMID: 34760156 PMCID: PMC8549797 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05022b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) is a useful model monomer for understanding aqueous dispersion polymerization. 4-Hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA) is an isomer of HPMA: it has appreciably higher aqueous solubility so its homopolymer is more weakly hydrophobic. Moreover, PHBA possesses a significantly lower glass transition temperature than PHPMA, which ensures greater chain mobility. The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous dispersion polymerization of HBA using a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG113) precursor at 30 °C produces PEG113-PHBA200-700 diblock copolymer nano-objects. Using glutaraldehyde to crosslink the PHBA chains allows TEM studies, which reveal the formation of spheres, worms or vesicles under appropriate conditions. Interestingly, the partially hydrated highly mobile PHBA block enabled linear PEG113-PHBA x spheres, worms or vesicles to be reconstituted from freeze-dried powders on addition of water at 20 °C. Moreover, variable temperature 1H NMR studies indicated that the apparent degree of hydration of the PHBA block increases from 5% to 80% on heating from 0 °C to 60 °C indicating uniform plasticization. In contrast, the PHPMA x chains within PEG113-PHPMA x nano-objects become dehydrated on raising the temperature: this qualitative difference is highly counter-intuitive given that PHBA and PHPMA are isomers. The greater (partial) hydration of the PHBA block at higher temperature drives the morphological evolution of PEG113-PHBA260 spheres to form worms or vesicles, as judged by oscillatory rheology, dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering and TEM studies. Finally, a variable temperature phase diagram is constructed for 15% w/w aqueous dispersions of eight PEG113-PHBA200-700 diblock copolymers. Notably, PEG113-PHBA350 can switch reversibly from spheres to worms to vesicles to lamellae during a thermal cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Deane
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - James Jennings
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Steven P Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
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26
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Derry MJ, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. Shear-induced alignment of block copolymer worms in mineral oil. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:8867-8876. [PMID: 34542137 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01011e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Poly(stearyl methacrylate)-poly(benzyl methacrylate) [PSMA-PBzMA] diblock copolymer worms were synthesized directly in mineral oil via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization at 90 °C. Free-standing gels were obtained from this polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) formulation when targeting PSMA13-PBzMA65 dispersions at 5% w/w to 20% w/w copolymer concentration. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) studies indicated that almost identical copolymer chains were obtained in all cases, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies confirmed that highly anisotropic worms were formed with mean cross-sectional diameters of 11.9-13.1 nm. These worms undergo a thermoreversible worm-to-sphere transition on heating up to 150 °C. Rheological studies were conducted to characterize the shear rate- and concentration-dependent behaviour caused by this change in copolymer morphology, where the initial shear-thinning worm gels form spheres (i.e. a Newtonian fluid) on heating up to 150 °C. Complementary shear-induced polarized light imaging (SIPLI) experiments confirmed the formation of aligned linear worms under applied shear between 80 °C and 110 °C, with high-viscosity dispersions of branched worms being obtained at 20-60 °C and low-viscosity spheres being produced at 150 °C. This study informs the use of such block copolymer worms as rheology modifiers for non-polar oils, which is of potential interest for the automotive industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Derry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK.
| | - Oleksandr O Mykhaylyk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK.
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK.
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Raphael E, Derry MJ, Hippler M, Armes SP. Tuning the properties of hydrogen-bonded block copolymer worm gels prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12082-12091. [PMID: 34667573 PMCID: PMC8457373 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03156b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is exploited to design hydrogen-bonded poly(stearyl methacrylate)-poly(benzyl methacrylate) [PSMA-PBzMA] worm gels in n-dodecane. Using a carboxylic acid-based RAFT agent facilitates hydrogen bonding between neighboring worms to produce much stronger physical gels than those prepared using the analogous methyl ester-based RAFT agent. Moreover, tuning the proportion of these two types of end-groups on the PSMA chains enables the storage modulus (G') of a 20% w/w worm gel to be tuned from ∼4.5 kPa up to ∼114 kPa. This is achieved via two complementary routes: (i) an in situ approach using binary mixtures of acid- and ester-capped PSMA stabilizer chains during PISA or (ii) a post-polymerization processing strategy using a thermally-induced worm-to-sphere transition to mix acid- and ester-functionalized spheres at 110 °C that fuse to form worms on cooling to 20 °C. SAXS and rheology studies of these hydrogen-bonded worm gels provide detailed insights into their inter-worm interactions and physical behavior, respectively. In the case of the carboxylic acid-functionalized worms, SAXS provides direct evidence for additional inter-worm interactions, while rheological studies confirm both a significant reduction in critical gelation concentration (from approximately 10% w/w to 2-3% w/w) and a substantial increase in critical gelation temperature (from 41 °C to 92 °C). It is remarkable that a rather subtle change in the chemical structure results in such improvements in gel strength, gelation efficiency and gel cohesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Raphael
- Chemistry Department, University of Sheffield Dainton Building, Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Matthew J Derry
- Chemistry Department, University of Sheffield Dainton Building, Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Michael Hippler
- Chemistry Department, University of Sheffield Dainton Building, Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
| | - Steven P Armes
- Chemistry Department, University of Sheffield Dainton Building, Brook Hill Sheffield South Yorkshire S3 7HF UK
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28
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The self-assembly and thermoresponsivity of poly(isoprene-b-methyl methacrylate) copolymers in non-polar solvents. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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He J, Lin D, Chen Y, Zhang L, Tan J. One-Step Preparation of Thermo-Responsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-Based Block Copolymer Nanoparticles by Aqueous Photoinitiated Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100201. [PMID: 34145660 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) is an important thermo-responsive polymer that finds applications in many areas. However, the preparation of PNIPAM-based block copolymer nanoparticles with higher-order morphologies at high solids is challenging. Herein, aqueous photoinitiated polymerization-induced self-assembly (photo-PISA) of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) using an asymmetrical cross-linker is developed for one-step preparation of PNIPAM-based block copolymer nanoparticles with various morphologies (spheres, worms, and vesicles). It is demonstrated that reaction temperature has a great effect on both polymerization kinetics and morphologies of block copolymer nanoparticles. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) reactive groups embedded inside the PNIPAM core provide a landscape for further functionalization. PNIPAM-based block copolymer nanoparticles with different surface properties are prepared by seeded photo-PISA at room temperature. Finally, these block copolymer nanoparticles are also used as additives to tune mechanical properties of hydrogels via covalent cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dongni Lin
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianbo Tan
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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30
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Beattie DL, Mykhaylyk OO, Ryan AJ, Armes SP. Rational synthesis of novel biocompatible thermoresponsive block copolymer worm gels. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:5602-5612. [PMID: 33998622 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00460c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous dispersion polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) enables the rational design of diblock copolymer worm gels. Moreover, such hydrogels can undergo degelation on cooling below ambient temperature as a result of a worm-to-sphere transition. However, only a subset of such block copolymer worms exhibit thermoresponsive behavior. For example, PMPC26-PHPMA280 worm gels prepared using a poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC26) precursor do not undergo degelation on cooling to 6 °C (see S. Sugihara et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011, 133, 15707-15713). Informed by our recent studies (N. J. Warren et al., Macromolecules, 2018, 51, 8357-8371), we decided to reduce the mean degrees of polymerization of both the PMPC steric stabilizer block and the structure-directing PHPMA block when targeting a pure worm morphology. This rational approach reduces the hydrophobic character of the PHPMA block and hence introduces the desired thermoresponsive character, as evidenced by the worm-to-sphere transition (and concomitant degelation) that occurs on cooling a PMPC15-PHPMA150 worm gel from 40 °C to 6 °C. Moreover, worms are reconstituted on returning to 40 °C and the original gel modulus is restored. This augurs well for potential biomedical applications, which will be examined in due course. Finally, small-angle X-ray scattering studies indicated a scaling law exponent of 0.67 (≈2/3) for the relationship between the worm core cross-sectional diameter and the PHPMA DP for a series of PHPMA-based worms prepared using a range of steric stabilizer blocks, which is consistent with the strong segregation regime for such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L Beattie
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK.
| | - Oleksandr O Mykhaylyk
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK.
| | - Anthony J Ryan
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK.
| | - Steven P Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK.
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31
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Rymaruk MJ, O'Brien CT, György C, Darmau B, Jennings J, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Studies of Block Copolymer Nano-Objects: Formation of Ordered Phases in Concentrated Solution During Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12955-12963. [PMID: 33725372 PMCID: PMC8252599 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report that polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) can be used to prepare lyotropic phases comprising diblock copolymer nano-objects in non-polar media. RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) at 90 °C using a trithiocarbonate-capped hydrogenated polybutadiene (PhBD) steric stabilizer block in n-dodecane produces either spheres or worms that exhibit long-range order at 40 % w/w solids. NMR studies enable calculation of instantaneous copolymer compositions for each phase during the BzMA polymerization. As the PBzMA chains grow longer when targeting PhBD80 -PBzMA40 , time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering reveals intermediate body-centered cubic (BCC) and hexagonally close-packed (HCP) sphere phases prior to formation of a final hexagonal cylinder phase (HEX). The HEX phase is lost on serial dilution and the aligned cylinders eventually form disordered flexible worms. The HEX phase undergoes an order-disorder transition on heating to 150 °C and a pure HCP phase forms on cooling to 20 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Rymaruk
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
- Present address: SyngentaJealott's HillBracknellBerkshireRG42 6EYUK
| | - Cate T. O'Brien
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Csilla György
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Bastien Darmau
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - James Jennings
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
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32
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Rymaruk MJ, O'Brien CT, György C, Darmau B, Jennings J, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. Small‐Angle X‐Ray Scattering Studies of Block Copolymer Nano‐Objects: Formation of Ordered Phases in Concentrated Solution During Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Rymaruk
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
- Present address: Syngenta Jealott's Hill Bracknell Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Cate T. O'Brien
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Csilla György
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Bastien Darmau
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - James Jennings
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Oleksandr O. Mykhaylyk
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
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33
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Li Y, Busatto N, Roth PJ. Perfluorophenyl Azides: Photo, Staudinger, and Multicomponent Postpolymerization Reactions on Homopolymers and PISA-Made Nanoparticles. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuman Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Nicolas Busatto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, U.K
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34
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Phan VHG, Le TMD, Janarthanan G, Ngo PKT, Lee DS, Thambi T. Development of bioresorbable smart injectable hydrogels based on thermo-responsive copolymer integrated bovine serum albumin bioconjugates for accelerated healing of excisional wounds. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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35
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Binch ALA, Ratcliffe LPD, Milani AH, Saunders BR, Armes SP, Hoyland JA. Site-Directed Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Nucleus Pulposus Cells Using an Injectable Hydroxyl-Functional Diblock Copolymer Worm Gel. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:837-845. [PMID: 33470795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have been identified for their promising therapeutic potential to regenerate and repopulate the degenerate intervertebral disk (IVD), which is a major cause of lower back pain. The optimal cell delivery system remains elusive but encapsulation of cells within scaffolds is likely to offer a decisive advantage over the delivery of cells in solution by ensuring successful retention within the tissue. Herein, we evaluate the use of a fully synthetic, thermoresponsive poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PGMA-PHPMA) diblock copolymer worm gel that mimics the structure of hydrophilic glycosaminoglycans. The objective was to use this gel to direct differentiation of human ASCs toward a nucleus pulposus (NP) phenotype, with or without the addition of discogenic growth factors TGFβ or GDF6. Accordingly, human ASCs were incorporated into a cold, free-flowing aqueous dispersion of the diblock copolymer, gelation induced by warming to 37 °C and cell culture was conducted for 14 days with or without such growth factors to assess the expression of characteristic NP markers compared to those produced when using collagen gels. In principle, the shear-thinning nature of the biocompatible worm gel enables encapsulated human ASCs to be injected into the IVD using a 21G needle. Moreover, we find significantly higher gene expression levels of ACAN, SOX-9, KRT8, and KR18 for ASCs encapsulated within worm gels compared to collagen scaffolds, regardless of the growth factors employed. In summary, such wholly synthetic worm gels offer considerable potential as an injectable cell delivery scaffold for the treatment of degenerate disk disease by promoting the transition of ASCs toward an NP-phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbie L A Binch
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Liam P D Ratcliffe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, South Yorkshire, U.K
| | - Amir H Milani
- Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Brian R Saunders
- Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, South Yorkshire, U.K
| | - Judith A Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, U.K
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36
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Sobotta FH, Kuchenbrod MT, Grune C, Fischer D, Hoeppener S, Brendel JC. Elucidating preparation-structure relationships for the morphology evolution during the RAFT dispersion polymerization of N-acryloyl thiomorpholine. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01697g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Depending on the conditions, nearly monodisperse spherical micelles or complex morphologies are formed during a polymerization induced self-assembly (PISA) process based on the water-soluble monomer N-acryloylthiomorpholine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian H. Sobotta
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Maren T. Kuchenbrod
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Christian Grune
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy
- Institute of Pharmacy
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Dagmar Fischer
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Pharmaceutical Technology
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Johannes C. Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
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37
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Engström J, Reid MS, Brotherton EE, Malmström E, Armes SP, Hatton FL. Investigating the adsorption of anisotropic diblock copolymer worms onto planar silica and nanocellulose surfaces using a quartz crystal microbalance. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00644d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report physical adsorption of highly anisotropic copolymer worms with either anionic or cationic charge onto planar silica, cellulose nanocrystal or cellulose nanofibril surfaces using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Engström
- Division of Coating Technology and Wallenberg Wood Science Center, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael S. Reid
- Division of Fibre Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma E. Brotherton
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Eva Malmström
- Division of Coating Technology and Wallenberg Wood Science Center, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Fiona L. Hatton
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
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38
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Dorsman IR, Derry MJ, Cunningham VJ, Brown SL, Williams CN, Armes SP. Tuning the vesicle-to-worm transition for thermoresponsive block copolymer vesicles prepared via polymerisation-induced self-assembly. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01713b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Does statistical copolymerization of n-butyl methacrylate with benzyl methacrylate lower the critical temperature required for vesicle-to-worm and worm-to-sphere transitions for diblock copolymer nano-objects in mineral oil?
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew J. Derry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- South Yorkshire
- UK
| | | | | | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- South Yorkshire
- UK
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39
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Sobotta FH, Kuchenbrod M, Hoeppener S, Brendel JC. One polymer composition, various morphologies: the decisive influence of conditions on the polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) of N-acryloyl thiomorpholine. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:20171-20176. [PMID: 33020784 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05150k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) represents a powerful technique for the preparation of nanostructures comprising various morphologies. Herein, we demonstrate that the recently introduced monomer N-acryloylthiomorpholine (NAT) features a unique self-assembly behaviour during an aqueous PISA. The one-pot, aqueous RAFT dispersion polymerization starting from short poly(N-acryloylmorpholine) (PNAM) enables access to all common solution morphologies including spheres, worms, vesicles and lamellae, at very low molar masses (< 8 kDa). Moreover, all these structures can be obtained for the same polymer composition and size by the variation of the polymerization temperature and concentration of the monomer. This exceptional self-assembly behavior is associated with the combination of a high glass transition temperature, excellent water solubility of the monomer, and the early onset of aggregation during the polymerization, which stabilizes the morphology at different stages. This PISA system opens up new opportunities to reproducibly create versatile, functional nanostructures and enables an independent evaluation of morphology-property relationships, as it is exemplarily shown for the oxidative degradation of spherical and wormlike micelles, as well as vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian H Sobotta
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany. and Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maren Kuchenbrod
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany. and Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany. and Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany. and Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lang
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Minne Paul Lettinga
- Institute for Complex Systems 3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich D-52425, Germany
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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41
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Rymaruk MJ, O’Brien CT, Brown SL, Williams CN, Armes SP. RAFT Dispersion Polymerization of Benzyl Methacrylate in Silicone Oil Using a Silicone-Based Methacrylic Stabilizer Provides Convenient Access to Spheres, Worms, and Vesicles. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Rymaruk
- Department of Chemistry, Dainton Building, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Cate T. O’Brien
- Department of Chemistry, Dainton Building, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven L. Brown
- Scott Bader Company Ltd., Wollaston, Wellingborough, Northamptonshire NN29 7RL, U.K
| | - Clive N. Williams
- Scott Bader Company Ltd., Wollaston, Wellingborough, Northamptonshire NN29 7RL, U.K
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry, Dainton Building, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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42
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Byard SJ, O'Brien CT, Derry MJ, Williams M, Mykhaylyk OO, Blanazs A, Armes SP. Unique aqueous self-assembly behavior of a thermoresponsive diblock copolymer. Chem Sci 2020; 11:396-402. [PMID: 32153754 PMCID: PMC7021201 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04197d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-recognized that block copolymer self-assembly in solution typically produces spheres, worms or vesicles, with the relative volume fraction of each block dictating the copolymer morphology. Stimulus-responsive diblock copolymers that can undergo either sphere/worm or vesicle/worm transitions are also well-documented. Herein we report a new amphiphilic diblock copolymer that can form spheres, worms, vesicles or lamellae in aqueous solution. Such self-assembly behavior is unprecedented for a single diblock copolymer of fixed composition yet is achieved simply by raising the solution temperature from 1 °C (spheres) to 25 °C (worms) to 50 °C (vesicles) to 70 °C (lamellae). Heating increases the degree of hydration (and hence the effective volume fraction) of the core-forming block, with this parameter being solely responsible for driving the sphere-to-worm, worm-to-vesicle and vesicle-to-lamellae transitions. The first two transitions exhibit excellent reversibility but the vesicle-to-lamellae transition exhibits hysteresis on cooling. This new thermoresponsive diblock copolymer provides a useful model for studying such morphological transitions and is likely to be of significant interest for theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Byard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Dainton Building , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Cate T O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Dainton Building , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Matthew J Derry
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Dainton Building , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Mark Williams
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Dainton Building , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Oleksandr O Mykhaylyk
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Dainton Building , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Adam Blanazs
- BASF SE , GMV/P-B001 , 67056 Ludwigshafen , Germany
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Dainton Building , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK .
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43
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Spelat R, Ferro F, Contessotto P, Warren NJ, Marsico G, Armes SP, Pandit A. A worm gel-based 3D model to elucidate the paracrine interaction between multiple myeloma and mesenchymal stem cells. Mater Today Bio 2020; 5:100040. [PMID: 32211606 PMCID: PMC7083757 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of terminally-differentiated plasma cells that develops mainly inside the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. It is well known that autocrine and paracrine signals are responsible for the progression of this disease but the precise mechanism and contributions from single cell remain largely unknown. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are an important cellular component of the BM: they support MM growth by increasing its survival and chemo-resistance, but little is known about the paracrine signaling pathways. Three-dimensional (3D) models of MM-MSC paracrine interactions are much more biologically-relevant than simple 2D models and are considered essential for detailed studies of MM pathogenesis. Herein we present a novel 3D co-culture model designed to mimic the paracrine interaction between MSC and MM cells. MSC were embedded within a previously characterized thermoresponsive block copolymer worm gel that can induce stasis in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) and then co-cultured with MM cells. Transcriptional phenotyping of co-cultured cells indicated the dysregulation of genes that code for known disease-relevant factors, and also revealed IL-6 and IL-10 as upstream regulators. Importantly, we have identified a synergistic paracrine signaling pathway between IL-6 and IL-10 that plays a critical role in sustaining MM cell proliferation. Our findings indicate that this 3D co-culture system is a useful model to investigate the paracrine interaction between MM cells and the BM microenvironment in vitro. This approach has revealed a new mechanism that promotes the proliferation of MM cells and suggested a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renza Spelat
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway-H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Federico Ferro
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway-H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Paolo Contessotto
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway-H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Nicholas J Warren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Grazia Marsico
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway-H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway-H91 TK33, Ireland
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44
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György C, Hunter SJ, Girou C, Derry MJ, Armes SP. Synthesis of poly(stearyl methacrylate)-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) diblock copolymer nanoparticles via RAFT dispersion polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate in mineral oil. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00562b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RAFT dispersion polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate produces diblock copolymer spheres, worms or vesicles in mineral oil; the Pickering emulsifier performance of the spheres is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla György
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Saul J. Hunter
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Chloé Girou
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Matthew J. Derry
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
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45
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Romero-Azogil L, Penfold NJW, Armes SP. Tuning the hydroxyl functionality of block copolymer worm gels modulates their thermoresponsive behavior. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00834f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Partial replacement of a hydroxyl-functional steric stabilizer with a poly(ethylene glycol)-based stabilizer modulates the thermoresponsive behavior of block copolymer worm gels prepared via aqueous polymerization-induced self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Romero-Azogil
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Sevilla
- 41012 Sevilla
- Spain
| | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry
- Dainton Building
- University of Sheffield
- Brook Hill
- Sheffield
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46
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Docherty PJ, Girou C, Derry MJ, Armes SP. Epoxy-functional diblock copolymer spheres, worms and vesicles via polymerization-induced self-assembly in mineral oil. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00380h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Epoxy-functional poly(stearyl methacrylate)-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) spheres, worms or vesicles can be prepared by RAFT dispersion polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate in mineral oil at 70 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chloé Girou
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
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47
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Sponchioni M, O'Brien CT, Borchers C, Wang E, Rivolta MN, Penfold NJW, Canton I, Armes SP. Probing the mechanism for hydrogel-based stasis induction in human pluripotent stem cells: is the chemical functionality of the hydrogel important? Chem Sci 2019; 11:232-240. [PMID: 34040716 PMCID: PMC8133024 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04734d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hPSC) can differentiate into any cell type. Recently, we reported that hPSC colonies enter stasis when immersed in an extremely soft hydrogel comprising hydroxyl-functional block copolymer worms (I. Canton, N. J. Warren, A. Chahal, K. Amps, A. Wood, R. Weightman, E. Wang, H. Moore and S. P. Armes, ACS Centr. Sci., 2016, 2, 65-74). The gel modulus and chemical structure of this synthetic hydrogel are similar to that of natural mucins, which are implicated in the mechanism of diapause for mammalian embryos. Does stasis induction occur merely because of the very soft nature of such hydrogels or does chemical functionality also play a role? Herein, we address this key question by designing a new hydrogel of comparable softness in which the PGMA stabilizer chains are replaced with non-hydroxylated poly(ethylene glycol) [PEG]. Immunolabeling studies confirm that hPSC colonies immersed in such PEG-based hydrogels do not enter stasis but instead proliferate (and differentiate if no adhesion substrate is present). However, pluripotency is retained if an appropriate adhesion substrate is provided. Thus, the chemical functionality of the hydrogel clearly plays a decisive role in the stasis induction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sponchioni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Dainton Building Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - C T O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Dainton Building Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - C Borchers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Dainton Building Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - E Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville Louisville Kentucky 40202 USA
| | - M N Rivolta
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield Western Bank Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - N J W Penfold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Dainton Building Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - I Canton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Dainton Building Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - S P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Dainton Building Sheffield S3 7HF UK
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48
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Xu S, Zhang T, Kuchel RP, Yeow J, Boyer C. Gradient Polymerization–Induced Self‐Assembly: A One‐Step Approach. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900493. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Tong Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Rhiannon P. Kuchel
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical CentreThe University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Jonathan Yeow
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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49
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Byard SJ, Blanazs A, Miller JF, Armes SP. Cationic Sterically Stabilized Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticles Exhibit Exceptional Tolerance toward Added Salt. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14348-14357. [PMID: 31592675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
For certain commercial applications such as enhanced oil recovery, sterically stabilized colloidal dispersions that exhibit high tolerance toward added salt are desirable. Herein, we report a series of new cationic diblock copolymer nanoparticles that display excellent colloidal stability in concentrated aqueous salt solutions. More specifically, poly(2-(acryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride) (PATAC) has been chain-extended by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer aqueous dispersion polymerization of diacetone acrylamide (DAAM) at 70 °C to produce PATAC100-PDAAMx diblock copolymer spheres at 20% w/w solids via polymerization-induced self-assembly. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis confirm that the mean sphere diameter can be adjusted by systematic variation of the mean degree of polymerization of the PDAAM block. Remarkably, DLS studies confirm that highly cationic PATAC100-PDAAM1500 spheres retain their colloidal stability in the presence of either 4.0 M KCl or 3.0 M ammonium sulfate for at least 115 days at 20 °C. The mole fraction of PATAC chains within the stabilizer shell was systematically varied by the chain extension of various binary mixtures of non-ionic poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAC) and cationic PATAC with DAAM to produce ([n] PATAC100 + [1 - n] PDMAC67)-PDAAMz diblock copolymer spheres at 20% w/w. DLS studies confirmed that a relatively high mole fraction of cationic PATAC stabilizer chains (n ≥ 0.75) is required for the dispersions to remain colloidally stable in 4.0 M KCl. Cationic worms and vesicles could also be synthesized using a binary mixture of PATAC and PDMAC precursors, where n = 0.10. However, the vesicles only remained colloidally stable up to 1.0 M KCl, whereas the worms proved to be stable up to 2.0 M KCl. Such block copolymer nanoparticles are expected to be useful model systems for understanding the behavior of aqueous colloidal dispersions in extremely salty media. Finally, zeta potentials determined using electrophoretic light scattering are presented for such nanoparticles dispersed in highly salty media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Byard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , United Kingdom
| | - Adam Blanazs
- BASF SE , GMV/P-B001 , 67056 Ludwigshafen , Germany
| | - John F Miller
- Enlighten Scientific LLC , Hillsborough , North Carolina 27278 , United States
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , United Kingdom
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50
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Dai X, Yu L, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Tan J. Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly via RAFT-Mediated Emulsion Polymerization of Methacrylic Monomers. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Dai
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liangliang Yu
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianbo Tan
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
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