1
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Xu WL, Zhang RX, Wang H, Chen J, Zhou L. Helicoselective Synthesis of Indolohelicenoids through Organocatalytic Central-to-Helical Chirality Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318021. [PMID: 38196108 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
We report the helicoselective and convergent construction of indolohelicenoids with excellent efficiency and stereocontrol. This reaction proceeds through a chiral-phosphoric-acid-catalyzed enantioselective cycloaddition and eliminative aromatization sequence, which can be finely controlled by adjusting the reaction temperature. Mechanistic studies reveal that the chiral phosphoric acid cooperatively serves as both a bifunctional and Brønsted acid catalyst, enabling one-pot central-to-helical chirality conversion. Additionally, the optical properties of the synthesized indolohelicenoids were characterized to explore their potential applications in organic photoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471934, P. R. China
| | - Ru-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
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2
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Wu JH, Fang S, Zheng X, He J, Ma Y, Su Z, Wang T. Organocatalytic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution Enabled Asymmetric Synthesis of Phosphorus-Containing Chiral Helicenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309515. [PMID: 37845782 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of phosphorus-containing helicenes remains a formidable challenge, presumably due to the lack of rational design of substrates, right choice of reactions together with highly effective catalysis systems. Herein, we disclosed an efficient and practical DKR-involving (dynamic kinetic resolution) cascade strategy toward synthesizing a novel family of phosphorus-installing helicenes by peptide-mimic phosphonium salt (PPS) catalysis. The sequential process of PPS-catalyzed phospha-Michael attack and copper salt-facilitated aromatization led to the formation of unprecedented phosphorus-containing oxa[5]helicene scaffolds. A wide variety of substrates bearing an assortment of functional groups were compatible with this protocol, furnishing the expected helical compounds in high yields and excellent stereoselectivities. Additionally, the helical products could be conveniently elaborated to promising phosphine ligands with perfectly retained helical chirality, which turned out to be highly efficient chiral ligands in transition metal-catalyzed reactions. These findings not only expand the current library of phosphorus-containing helicenes but also offer insights to explore other challenging scaffolds with molecular chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Siqiang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xingtao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia He
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhishan Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Tianli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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3
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Stefani A, Bogdan A, Pop F, Tassinari F, Pasquali L, Fontanesi C, Avarvari N. Spin-dependent electrochemistry and electrochemical enantioselective recognition with chiral methylated bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalenes. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:204706. [PMID: 38014785 DOI: 10.1063/5.0171831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Enantio-discrimination and spin-dependent electrochemistry (SDE), as a manifestation of the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, are important phenomena that can be probed by "chiral" electrochemistry. Here, we prepared chiralized surfaces of gold and nickel, to serve as working electrodes, through effective chemisorption of enantiopure dimethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (DM-BEDT-TTF) 1, tetramethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (TM-BEDT-TTF) 2, and their capped silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) aggregate by simple incubation of the metallic substrates. The effective chemisorption was checked by means of ultrahigh vacuum x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by electro-desorption experiments, i.e., cyclic voltammetry (CV) scans showing a first electro-desorption peak at about -1.0 V. The Au|1 and Au|2 chiral electrodes were successfully used in CV experiments exploiting chiral redox probes. Finally, the hybrid interfaces Ni|enantiopure 1 or 2|AgNPs served as working electrodes in SDE experiments. In particular, the hybrid chiral interfaces Ni|(R)-2|AgNPs and Ni|(S)-2|AgNPs exhibited a significant spin-filtering ability, as a manifestation of the CISS effect, with average spin polarization values of 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stefani
- Department of Physics, (FIM), University of Modena, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alexandra Bogdan
- University of Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, SOOMCC, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania and SOOMCC, Romania
| | - Flavia Pop
- University of Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Earth Science, (DSCG), University of Modena, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquali
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari," (DIEF), University of Modena, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14, Km. 163.5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari," (DIEF), University of Modena, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Narcis Avarvari
- University of Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
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4
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Arnaboldi S. Wireless electrochemical actuation of soft materials towards chiral stimuli. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2072-2080. [PMID: 36748650 PMCID: PMC9933456 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06630k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Different areas of modern chemistry, require wireless systems able to transfer chirality from the molecular to the macroscopic event. The ability to recognize the enantiomers of a chiral analyte is highly desired, since in the majority of cases such molecules present different physico-chemical properties that could lead, eventually, to dangerous or harmful interactions with the environment or the human body. From an electrochemical point of view, enantiomers have the same electrochemical behavior except when they interact in a chiral environment. In this Feature Article, different approaches for the electrochemical recognition of chiral information based on the actuation of conducting polymers are described. Such a dynamic behavior of π-conjugated materials is based on an electrochemically induced shrinking/swelling transition of the polymeric matrix. Since all the systems, described so far in the literature, are achiral and require a direct connection to a power supply, new strategies will be presented in the manuscript, concerning the implementation of chirality in electrochemical actuators and their use in a wireless manner through bipolar electrochemistry. Herein, the synergy between the wireless unconventional actuation and the outstanding enantiorecognition of inherent chiral oligomers is presented as an easy and straightforward read out of chiral information in solution. This approach presents different advantages in comparison to classic electrochemical systems such as its wireless nature and the possible real-time data acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Arnaboldi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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5
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Salinas G, Niamlaem M, Kuhn A, Arnaboldi S. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Transduction of Chiral Information. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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MCD and Induced CD of a Tetraphenoxyperylene-Based Dye in Chiral Solvents: An Experimental and Computational Study. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14061108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectrum of N,N′-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetraphenoxyperylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxydiimide, also known as Lumogen Red 300 or ROT-300, has been recorded both in achiral and chiral solvents. The induced CD spectra in chiral solvents have, similarly, been recorded. A discussion of the spectroscopic response, both in CD and in MCD experiments, is presented in this paper. Both types of spectra have been predicted most satisfactorily by DFT calculations; the CD spectra were obtained by assuming the prevalence of one “enantiomeric” conformer and the same set of conformers could also be used for MCD, since “enantiomeric” structures present identically in MCD spectra.
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7
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Raouafi S, Hassine BB, Aloui F. Nitrile grafted thia[5]Helicenes through a photocyclization pathway of styrylnaphtho[2,1-b]thiophenes: Synthesis and photophysical properties. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Abstract
We report on the synthesis of a novel class of functionalized thia[6]helicenes and a thia[5]helicene, containing a benzothiophene unit and a second heteroatom embedded in the helix (i.e., nitrogen and oxygen) or a pyrene or a spirobifluorene moiety. These systems are obtained through straightforward and general procedures that involve: (i) palladium-catalyzed annulation of iodo-atropoisomers with internal alkynes and (ii) Suzuki coupling of iodo-atropoisomers with phenyl boronic acid followed by a Mallory-type reaction. Both experimental and theoretical studies on the configurational stability of some selected thia[6]helicenes confirmed their stability toward racemization at room temperature, while the pyrene-based thia[5]helicene was found to be unstable. Moreover, the configuration assignment for one representative thiahelicene was established through the comparison between experimental and theoretical circular dichroism (CD) spectra. A systematic study of the photophysical properties of both thiahelicenes and the corresponding atropoisomers has been carried out to provide a complete overview on the new molecules proposed in this work. The obtained data showed regular trends in all the thiahelicene series with spectroscopic traits in line with those previously observed for similar heterohelicenes.
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9
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Freese T, Jones PG, Werz DB. An Iterative Approach to Unsaturated and Partially Saturated [7]Helicenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:1367-1371. [PMID: 35138114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple, iterative strategy for the synthesis of [7]helicenes starting from substituted 1,4-xylene building blocks. In the first step, we take advantage of the deprotonatable methyl groups to achieve ethano-bridged dimers. These are oxidatively coupled (without using metal-containing catalysts or light) using a hypervalent iodine reagent. Both steps are repeated to obtain the respective σ/π-helicenes. The degree of saturation can be controlled thermally during the oxidative coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyll Freese
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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10
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Arnaboldi S, Grecchi S, Vaghi L, Penoni A, Scapinello L, Buzzi IF, Cirilli R, Pierini M, Benincori T, Mussini PR. Trópos
and
Átropos
Biindole Chiral Electroactive Monomers: A Voltammetry and HPLC Comparative Insight. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Arnaboldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Sara Grecchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Luca Vaghi
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca Via Cozzi 55 20125 Milano Italy
| | - Andrea Penoni
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
| | - Luca Scapinello
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
| | - Ivo Franco Buzzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro Nazionale per il Controllo e la Valutazione dei Farmaci Istituto Superiore di Sanita' Viale Regina Elena 299 00161 Roma Italy
| | - Marco Pierini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza” Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
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11
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Arnaboldi S, Salinas G, Bonetti G, Cirilli R, Benincori T, Kuhn A. Bipolar Electrochemical Measurement of Enantiomeric Excess with Inherently Chiral Polymer Actuators. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2021; 1:110-116. [PMID: 34939074 PMCID: PMC8679086 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.1c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Straightforward enantioselective analytical methods are very important for drug safety, considering that in certain cases one of the two enantiomers of a chiral molecule might be harmful for humans. In this work, we propose a simple system for the direct and easy read-out of the enantiomeric excess of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) as a model analyte. A conducting oligomer, i.e. oligo-(3,3'-dibenzothiophene), bearing inherently chiral features, is electrogenerated on a polypyrrole film. The resulting freestanding hybrid material is used as a wireless enantioselective actuator in a bipolar electrochemical cell. Combining in a single setup two individual actuators with opposite chiral features allows a direct visual read-out of enantiomeric excess, as the bending amplitude of each of the two actuators is directly correlated with the concentration of the corresponding stereoisomer of the analyte. Optimization of the experimental parameters results in efficient bending, giving access to the percentage values of the enantiomeric excess in mixtures containing different ratios of the antipodes, thus opening the way to potential applications for chiral in situ analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Arnaboldi
- Université
de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP,
ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey
Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Gerardo Salinas
- Université
de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP,
ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey
Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Giorgia Bonetti
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Universita
degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro
Nazionale per il Controllo e la Valutazione dei Farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Universita
degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Université
de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP,
ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey
Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
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12
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Wu D, Ma C, Fan GC, Pan F, Tao Y, Kong Y. Recent advances of the ionic chiral selectors for chiral resolution by chromatography, spectroscopy and electrochemistry. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:325-337. [PMID: 34117714 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ionic chiral selectors have been received much attention in the field of asymmetric catalysis, chiral recognition, and preparative separation. It has been shown that the addition of ionic chiral selectors can enhance the recognition efficiency dramatically due to the presence of multiple intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bond, π-π interaction, van der Waals force, electrostatic ion-pairing interaction, and ionic-hydrogen bond. In the initial research stage of the ionic chiral selectors, most of work center on the application in chromatographic separation (capillary electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography). Differently, more and more attention has been paid on the spectroscopy (nuclear magnetic resonance, fluorescence, ultraviolet and visible absorption spectrum, and circular dichroism spectrum) and electrochemistry in recent years. In this tutorial review as regards the ionic chiral selectors, we discuss in detail the structural features, properties, and their application in chromatography, spectroscopy, and electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Cong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gao-Chao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Fei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
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13
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Fontana F, Carminati G, Bertolotti B, Mussini PR, Arnaboldi S, Grecchi S, Cirilli R, Micheli L, Rizzo S. Helicity: A Non-Conventional Stereogenic Element for Designing Inherently Chiral Ionic Liquids for Electrochemical Enantiodifferentiation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020311. [PMID: 33435346 PMCID: PMC7828060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Configurationally stable 5-aza[6]helicene (1) was envisaged as a promising scaffold for non-conventional ionic liquids (IL)s. It was prepared, purified, and separated into enantiomers by preparative HPLC on a chiral stationary phase. Enantiomerically pure quaternary salts of 1 with appropriate counterions were prepared and fully characterized. N-octyl-5-aza[6]helicenium bis triflimidate (2) was tested in very small quantities as a selector in achiral IL media to perform preliminary electrochemical enantiodifferentiation experiments on the antipodes of two different chiral probes. The new organic salt exhibited outstanding enantioselection performance with respect to these probes, thus opening the way to applications in the enantioselective electroanalysis of relevant bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fontana
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienze Applicate, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (G.C.); (B.B.)
- CSGI Bergamo R.U., Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Greta Carminati
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienze Applicate, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (G.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Benedetta Bertolotti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienze Applicate, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (G.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Patrizia Romana Mussini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (P.R.M.); (S.A.); (S.G.)
| | - Serena Arnaboldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (P.R.M.); (S.A.); (S.G.)
| | - Sara Grecchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (P.R.M.); (S.A.); (S.G.)
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro Nazionale per Il Controllo e la Valutazione dei Farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Laura Micheli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università Degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1, 00133 Roma, Italy;
| | - Simona Rizzo
- CNR Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (S.R.)
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14
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Wang Q, Zhang WW, Zheng C, Gu Q, You SL. Enantioselective Synthesis of Azoniahelicenes by Rh-Catalyzed C–H Annulation with Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 143:114-120. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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15
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Maistrenko VN, Zil’berg RA. Enantioselective Voltammetric Sensors on the Basis of Chiral Materials. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820120102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Pelliccioli V, Dova D, Baldoli C, Graiff C, Licandro E, Cauteruccio S. Diversified Syntheses of Tetrathia[7]helicenes by Metal‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pelliccioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Davide Dova
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Clara Baldoli
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC) “Giulio Natta” Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Claudia Graiff
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale Università di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Emanuela Licandro
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Silvia Cauteruccio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
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17
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Bloom BP, Lu Y, Metzger T, Yochelis S, Paltiel Y, Fontanesi C, Mishra S, Tassinari F, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Asymmetric reactions induced by electron spin polarization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:21570-21582. [PMID: 32697241 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Essential aspects of the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect and their implications for spin-controlled chemistry and asymmetric electrochemical reactions are described. The generation of oxygen through electrolysis is discussed as an example in which chirality-based spin-filtering and spin selection rules can be used to improve the reaction's efficiency and selectivity. Next the discussion shifts to illustrate how the spin selectivity of chiral molecules (CISS properties) allows one to use the electron spin as a chiral bias for inducing asymmetric reactions and promoting enantiospecific processes. Two enantioselective electrochemical reactions that have used polarized electron spins as a chiral reagent are described; enantioselective electroreduction to resolve an enantiomer from a racemic mixture and an oxidative electropolymerization to generate a chiral polymer from achiral monomers. A complementary approach that has used spin-polarized, but otherwise achiral, molecular films to enantiospecifically associate with one enantiomer from a racemic mixture is also discussed. Each of these reaction types use magnetized films to generate the spin polarized electrons and the enantiospecificity can be selected by choice of the magnetization direction, North pole versus South pole. Possible paths for future research in this area and its compatibility with existing methods based on chiral electrodes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Bloom
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Y Lu
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Tzuriel Metzger
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", DIEF, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Suryakant Mishra
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Ron Naaman
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - D H Waldeck
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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18
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Liu P, Bao X, Naubron JV, Chentouf S, Humbel S, Vanthuyne N, Jean M, Giordano L, Rodriguez J, Bonne D. Simultaneous Control of Central and Helical Chiralities: Expedient Helicoselective Synthesis of Dioxa[6]helicenes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16199-16204. [PMID: 32897709 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An expedient synthesis of a new family of configurationally stable dioxa[6]helicenes was established using a sequential helicoselective organocatalyzed heteroannulation/eliminative aromatization via enantioenriched fused 2-nitro dihydrofurans featuring both central and helical chiralities. Starting from simple achiral precursors, a broad range of these previously unknown chiral heterocyclic scaffolds were obtained with good efficiency, and their aromatization proceeded with very high enantiopurity retention in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Xiaoze Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jean-Valère Naubron
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Spectropole, Marseille, France
| | - Sara Chentouf
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Spectropole, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Humbel
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Marion Jean
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Giordano
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Rodriguez
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Damien Bonne
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
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19
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Vacek J, Zadny J, Storch J, Hrbac J. Chiral Electrochemistry: Anodic Deposition of Enantiopure Helical Molecules. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1954-1958. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vacek
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Palacky University Hnevotinska 3 77515 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Zadny
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals Czech Academy of Sciences Rozvojova 135 16502 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jan Storch
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals Czech Academy of Sciences Rozvojova 135 16502 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hrbac
- Institute of Chemistry Masaryk University Kamenice 5 72500 Brno Czech Republic
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20
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Bonetti G, Arnaboldi S, Grecchi S, Appoloni G, Massolo E, Rossi S, Martinazzo R, Orsini F, Mussini PR, Benincori T. Effective Enantiodiscrimination in Electroanalysis Based on a New Inherently Chiral 1,1'-binaphthyl Selector Directly Synthesizable in Enantiopure Form. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092175. [PMID: 32384781 PMCID: PMC7249101 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective electroanalysis, which aims to discriminate the enantiomers of electroactive chiral probes in terms of potential difference, is a very attractive goal. To achieve this, its implementation is being studied for various "inherently chiral" selectors, either at the electrode surface or in the medium, yielding outstanding performance. In this context, the new inherently chiral monomer Naph2T4 is introduced, based on a biaromatic atropisomeric core, which is advantageously obtainable in enantiopure form without HPLC separation steps by a synthetic route hinging on enantiopure 2,2'-dibromo-1,1'-binaphthalenes. The antipodes of the new inherently chiral monomer can be easily electrooligomerized, yielding inherently chiral electrode surfaces that perform well in both cyclic voltammetry (CV) enantiodiscrimination tests with pharmaceutically interesting molecules and in magnetoelectrochemistry experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Bonetti
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy; (G.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Serena Arnaboldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.A.); (S.G.); (E.M.); (S.R.); (R.M.); (P.R.M.)
| | - Sara Grecchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.A.); (S.G.); (E.M.); (S.R.); (R.M.); (P.R.M.)
| | - Giulio Appoloni
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy; (G.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Elisabetta Massolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.A.); (S.G.); (E.M.); (S.R.); (R.M.); (P.R.M.)
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.A.); (S.G.); (E.M.); (S.R.); (R.M.); (P.R.M.)
| | - Rocco Martinazzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.A.); (S.G.); (E.M.); (S.R.); (R.M.); (P.R.M.)
| | - Francesco Orsini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Patrizia R. Mussini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.A.); (S.G.); (E.M.); (S.R.); (R.M.); (P.R.M.)
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy; (G.B.); (G.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-031-2386615
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21
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Hrbac J, Pavelka V, Crassous J, Zadny J, Fekete L, Pokorny J, Vanysek P, Storch J, Vacek J. Redox and optically active carbohelicene layers prepared by potentiodynamic polymerization. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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22
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Stoian I–A, Iacob BC, Prates Ramalho JP, Marian IO, Chiș V, Bodoki E, Oprean R. A chiral electrochemical system based on l-cysteine modified gold nanoparticles for propranolol enantiodiscrimination: Electroanalysis and computational modelling. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Arnaboldi S, Vigo D, Longhi M, Orsini F, Riva S, Grecchi S, Giacovelli E, Guglielmi V, Cirilli R, Longhi G, Mazzeo G, Benincori T, Mussini PR. Self‐Standing Membranes Consisting of Inherently Chiral Electroactive Oligomers: Electrosynthesis, Characterization and Preliminary Tests in Potentiometric Setups. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201900779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Arnaboldi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Daniele Vigo
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Mariangela Longhi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Francesco Orsini
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”Università degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria 16 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Sephira Riva
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Sara Grecchi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Elena Giacovelli
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Vittoria Guglielmi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro Nazionale per il Controllo e la Valutazione dei FarmaciIstituto Superiore di Sanità Viale Regina Elena 299 00161 Roma Italy
| | - Giovanna Longhi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e TraslazionaleUniversità degli Studi di Brescia Sezione di Fisica c/o, Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzeo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e TraslazionaleUniversità degli Studi di Brescia Sezione di Fisica c/o, Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta tecnologiaUniversità degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
| | - Patrizia R. Mussini
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
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