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Singh JP, Pattanayak S, Mishra S, Chakrabarti J. Effective single component description of steady state structures of passive particles in an active bath. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:214112. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0088259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We model a binary mixture of passive and active Brownian particles in two dimensions using the effective interaction between passive particles in the active bath. The activity of active particles and the size ratio of two types of particles are the two control parameters in the system. The effective interaction is calculated from the average force on two particles generated by the active particles. The effective interaction can be attractive or repulsive, depending on the system parameters. The passive particles form four distinct structural orders for different system parameters, viz., homogeneous structures, disordered cluster, ordered cluster, and crystalline structure. The change in structure is dictated by the change in nature of the effective interaction. We further confirm the four structures using a full microscopic simulation of active and passive mixture. Our study is useful to understand the different collective behavior in non-equilibrium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sudipta Pattanayak
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation, CNRS UMR 8089, CY Cergy Paris Université, 95302 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Shradha Mishra
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Jaydeb Chakrabarti
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
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Sebtosheikh M, Naji A. Noncentral forces mediated between two inclusions in a bath of active Brownian rods. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23100. [PMID: 34845241 PMCID: PMC8630027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Using Brownian Dynamics simulations, we study effective interactions mediated between two identical and impermeable disks (inclusions) immersed in a bath of identical, active (self-propelled), Brownian rods in two spatial dimensions, by assuming that the self-propulsion axis of the rods may generally deviate from their longitudinal axis. When the self-propulsion is transverse (perpendicular to the rod axis), the accumulation of active rods around the inclusions is significantly enhanced, causing a more expansive steric layering (ring formation) of the rods around the inclusions, as compared with the reference case of longitudinally self-propelling rods. As a result, the transversally self-propelling rods also mediate a significantly longer ranged effective interaction between the inclusions. The bath-mediated interaction arises due to the overlaps between the active-rod rings formed around the inclusions, as they are brought into small separations. When the self-propulsion axis is tilted relative to the rod axis, we find an asymmetric imbalance of active-rod accumulation around the inclusion dimer. This leads to a noncentral interaction, featuring an anti-parallel pair of transverse force components and, hence, a bath-mediated torque on the dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Sebtosheikh
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Naji
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran.
- School of Nano Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran.
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Feng F, Lei T, Zhao N. Tunable depletion force in active and crowded environments. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:022604. [PMID: 33736064 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.022604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We adopt two-dimensional Langevin dynamics simulations to study the effective interactions between two passive colloids in a bath crowded with active particles. We mainly pay attention to the significant effects of active particle size, crowding-activity coupling, and chirality. First, a transition of depletion force from repulsion to attraction is revealed by varying particle size. Moreover, larger active crowders with sufficient activity can generate strong attractive force, which is in contrast to the cage effect in passive media. It is interesting that the attraction induced by large active crowders follows a linear scaling with the persistence length of active particles. Second, the effective force also experiences a transition from repulsion to attraction as volume fraction increases, as a consequence of the competition between the two contrastive factors of activity and crowding. As bath volume fraction is relatively small, activity generates a dominant repulsion force, while as the bath becomes concentrated, crowding-induced attraction becomes overwhelming. Lastly, in a chiral bath, we observe a very surprising oscillation phenomenon of active depletion force, showing an evident quasiperiodic variation with increasing chirality. Aggregation of active particles in the vicinity of the colloids is carefully examined, which serves as a reasonable picture for our observations. Our findings provide an inspiring strategy for the tunable active depletion force by crowding, activity, and chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fane Feng
- Department of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Nanrong Zhao
- Department of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Sebtosheikh M, Naji A. Effective interactions mediated between two permeable disks in an active fluid. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15570. [PMID: 32968107 PMCID: PMC7511345 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We study steady-state properties of a bath of active Brownian particles (ABPs) in two dimensions in the presence of two fixed, permeable (hollow) disklike inclusions, whose interior and exterior regions can exhibit mismatching motility (self-propulsion) strengths for the ABPs. We show that such a discontinuous motility field strongly affects spatial distribution of ABPs and thus also the effective interaction mediated between the inclusions through the active bath. Such net interactions arise from soft interfacial repulsions between ABPs that sterically interact with and/or pass through permeable membranes assumed to enclose the inclusions. Both regimes of repulsion and attractive (albeit with different mechanisms) are reported and summarized in overall phase diagrams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Sebtosheikh
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Naji
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran
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Li K, Guo F, Zhou X, Wang X, He L, Zhang L. An attraction-repulsion transition of force on two asymmetric wedges induced by active particles. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11702. [PMID: 32678189 PMCID: PMC7367348 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective interaction between two asymmetric wedges immersed in a two-dimensional active bath is investigated by computer simulations. The attraction–repulsion transition of effective force between two asymmetric wedges is subjected to the relative position of two wedges, the wedge-to-wedge distance, the active particle density, as well as the apex angle of two wedges. By exchanging the position of the two asymmetric wedges in an active bath, firstly a simple attraction–repulsion transition of effective force occurs, completely different from passive Brownian particles. Secondly the transition of effective force is symmetric for the long-range distance between two asymmetric wedges, while it is asymmetric for the short-range case. Our investigations may provide new possibilities to govern the motion and assembly of microscopic objects by taking advantage of the self-driven behaviour of active particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuchen Guo
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linli He
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Linxi Zhang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China.
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Wang C, Jiang H. Different-shaped micro-objects driven by active particle aggregations. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4422-4430. [PMID: 32364209 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00160k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of passive micro-objects in an active bath has been receiving much attention. However, the influence of the shapes of micro-objects remains unclear. Here, we use 2D simulation to investigate the interaction between active Brownian particles and different-shaped passive micro-objects. We show that active particles accumulate around micro-objects and self-assemble into living aggregations at a high active velocity and high volume fraction. The shapes of micro-objects affect the distributions of the aggregations. In turn, the different distribution of aggregations influences the motion of micro-objects and induces abnormal diffusive behaviors. We further demonstrate that polar distributed aggregations at a high active velocity and the inhibition of the active bath at a low active velocity induce the counterintuitive anisotropic enhanced diffusion of rods, and the steric interaction between active particles induces the reverse translation-rotation coupled diffusion of chevrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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Liu P, Ye S, Ye F, Chen K, Yang M. Constraint Dependence of Active Depletion Forces on Passive Particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:158001. [PMID: 32357018 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.158001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using simulations and experiments, we demonstrate that the effective interaction between passive particles in an active bath substantially depends on an external constraint suffered by the passive particles. Particularly, the effective interaction between two free passive particles, which is directly measured in simulation, is qualitatively different from the one between two fixed particles. Moreover, we find that the friction experienced by the passive particles-a kinematic constraint-similarly influences the effective interaction. These remarkable features are in significant contrast to the equilibrium cases, and mainly arise from the accumulation of the active particles near the concave gap formed by the passive spheres. This constraint dependence not only deepens our understanding of the "active depletion force," but also provides an additional tool to tune the effective interactions in an active bath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Simin Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fangfu Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Mingcheng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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