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Akbari R, Ambrosio F, Berry JD, Antonini C. Wetting characterisation on complex surfaces by an automatic open-source tool: DropenVideo. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 678:1075-1086. [PMID: 39236436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Investigating solid-liquid interactions to determine advancing and receding contact angles, and consequently contact angle hysteresis, is crucial for understanding material wetting properties. A reliable, automated, and possibly open-source tool is desirable, to standardize and automatize the measurement and make it user-independent. EXPERIMENTS This study introduces an open-source software, DropenVideo, as an extension of Dropen. DropenVideo automates frame-by-frame video analysis for the advancing and receding contact angle determination, by considering needle presence, contrast tuning, and compensating for missing drop edge data. Contact angles are calculated using convolution mask, circle, and polynomial fittings. An innovative feature in DropenVideo is the automatic protocol for identifying advancing and receding contact angles: (i) the advancing contact angle is determined as the average value during drop inflation; and (ii) the receding contact angle is determined from the frame of incipient motion during drop deflation. FINDINGS Exploring the application of DropenVideo across a range of complex surfaces as representative test cases, we highlight existing challenges in interpreting wetting measurements by addressing different wetting scenarios. Our study demonstrates that employing frame-by-frame automatic analysis of contact angle measurement videos using DropenVideo significantly mitigates the potential risks of subjective bias associated with manual interpretation and enhances the precision of identified wetting characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Akbari
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy.
| | - Federico Ambrosio
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Joseph D Berry
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Carlo Antonini
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy.
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2
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Jiang Y, Wang Z. Soft wetting: an analytical model for pillar topography- and softness-dependent droplet depinning force. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:3593-3601. [PMID: 38530168 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00128a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The extent to which a droplet pins on a textured substrate is determined by the dynamics of the contact line and the liquid-vapor interface. However, the synergistic contribution of contact line sliding and interface distortion to the droplet depinning force remains unknown. More strikingly, current models fail to predict the depinning force per unit length of droplets on soft pillar arrays. Therefore, we fabricate soft pillar arrays with varying geometrical dimensions and mechanical properties and measure the depinning forces per unit length by allowing droplets to evaporate on such substrates. We then analyze the decrease in excess Gibbs free energy of the apparent droplet caused by the detachment of the droplet boundary from the previously pinned pillars. In contrast to prior notions, based on the measured decreases in excess Gibbs free energy, we find that the coefficient, that governs the ratio of interface distortion's contribution to the depinning force to that of the sliding contact line, increases with a decrease in pillar packing density. By considering the combined contribution from contact line sliding, liquid-vapor interface distortion, and pillar deflection, we introduce an analytical model to predict the droplet depinning force per unit length and corroborate the model using experimental data reported in this and prior studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhua Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Zhujiang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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3
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Ahn J, Han H, Ha JH, Jeong Y, Jung Y, Choi J, Cho S, Jeon S, Jeong JH, Park I. Micro-/Nanohierarchical Structures Physically Engineered on Surfaces: Analysis and Perspective. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2300871. [PMID: 37083149 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The high demand for micro-/nanohierarchical structures as components of functional substrates, bioinspired devices, energy-related electronics, and chemical/physical transducers has inspired their in-depth studies and active development of the related fabrication techniques. In particular, significant progress has been achieved in hierarchical structures physically engineered on surfaces, which offer the advantages of wide-range material compatibility, design diversity, and mechanical stability, and numerous unique structures with important niche applications have been developed. This review categorizes the basic components of hierarchical structures physically engineered on surfaces according to function/shape and comprehensively summarizes the related advances, focusing on the fabrication strategies, ways of combining basic components, potential applications, and future research directions. Moreover, the physicochemical properties of hierarchical structures physically engineered on surfaces are compared based on the function of their basic components, which may help to avoid the bottlenecks of conventional single-scale functional substrates. Thus, the present work is expected to provide a useful reference for scientists working on multicomponent functional substrates and inspire further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junseong Ahn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongrok Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungrak Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjoo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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4
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Schmid J, Armstrong T, Dickhardt FJ, Iqbal SKR, Schutzius TM. Imparting scalephobicity with rational microtexturing of soft materials. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj0324. [PMID: 38117897 PMCID: PMC10732533 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization fouling, a process where scale forms on surfaces, is widespread in nature and technology, negatively affecting energy and water industries. Despite the effort, rationally designed surfaces that are intrinsically resistant to it remain elusive, due in part to a lack of understanding of how microfoulants deposit and adhere in dynamic aqueous environments. Here, we show that rational tuning of coating compliance and wettability works synergistically with microtexture to enhance microfoulant repellency, characterized by low adhesion and high removal efficiency of numerous individual microparticles and tenacious crystallites in a flowing water environment. We study the microfoulant interfacial dynamics in situ using a micro-scanning fluid dynamic gauge system, elucidate the removal mechanisms, and rationalize the behavior with a shear adhesive moment model. We then demonstrate a rationally developed coating that can remove 98% of deposits under shear flow conditions, 66% better than rigid substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schmid
- Laboratory for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Armstrong
- Laboratory for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian J. Dickhardt
- Laboratory for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - SK Rameez Iqbal
- Laboratory for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M. Schutzius
- Laboratory for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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5
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Jiang Y, Xu Z, Li B, Li J, Guan D. Soft Wetting: Droplet Receding Contact Angles on Soft Superhydrophobic Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:15401-15408. [PMID: 37857566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite intensive investigations on the droplet receding contact angle on superhydrophobic surfaces, i.e., a key parameter characterizing surface wettability and adhesion, the quantitative correlation between the surface structure mechanical properties (softness) and the droplet receding contact angles remains vague. By systematically varying the geometric dimensions and mechanical properties of soft pillar arrays, we find that the droplet receding contact angles decrease with the decrease in the pillar spring constant. Most surprisingly, the densely packed pillar arrays may result in larger receding contact angles than those on sparsely packed pillars, opposing the understanding of rigid pillar arrays, where the receding contact angles increase with a decrease in the packing density of pillars. This is attributed to the collective effects of capillarity and elasticity, where the energy consumed by the sliding contact line, the energy stored in the distorted liquid-vapor interface, and the energy stored in the deflected pillar contribute to the droplet depinning characteristics. We develop an analytical model to predict the droplet receding contact angles on soft superhydrophobic pillar arrays with knowledge of the material intrinsic receding contact angle, the pillar geometry, and the pillar mechanical properties. The predictions are corroborated by the experimental data measured in this and prior studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhua Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Zhijia Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Dongshi Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Takeuchi K, Ireland PM, Webber GB, Wanless EJ, Hayashi M, Sakabe R, Fujii S. Electrostatic Adsorption Behaviors of Polymer Plates to a Droplet. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37392450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic transfer and adsorption of electrically conductive polymer-coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) plates from a particle bed to a water droplet were studied, with the influence of plate thickness and shape observed. After synthesis and confirmation of the particles' properties using stereo and scanning electron microscopies, elemental microanalysis, and water contact angle measurement, the electric field strength and droplet-bed separation distance required for transfer were measured. An electrometer and high-speed video footage were used to measure the charge transferred by each particle, and its orientation and adsorption behavior during transfer and at the droplet interface. The use of plates of consistent square cross section allowed the impact of contact-area-dependent particle cohesion and gravity on the electrostatic transfer of particles to be decoupled for the first time. The electrostatic force required to extract a plate was directly proportional to the plate mass (thickness), a trend very different from that previously observed for spherical particles of varied diameter (mass). This reflected the different relationship between mass, surface area, and cohesive forces for spherical and plate-shaped particles of different sizes. Thicker plates transferred more charge to the droplet, probably due to their remaining at the bed at higher field strengths. The impact of plate cross-sectional geometry was also assessed. Differences in the ease of transfer of square, hexagonal, and circular plates seemed to depend only on their mass, while other aspects of their comparative behavior are attributed to the more concentrated charge distribution present on particles with sharper vertices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazusa Takeuchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Environmental and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Peter M Ireland
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling Eco-Efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Grant B Webber
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling Eco-Efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Erica J Wanless
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling Eco-Efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Masaki Hayashi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Environmental and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Ryuga Sakabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Syuji Fujii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
- Nanomaterials Microdevices Research Center, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
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7
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Wei C, Zong Y, Jiang Y. Bioinspired Wire-on-Pillar Magneto-Responsive Superhydrophobic Arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:24989-24998. [PMID: 37167596 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Versatile surfaces demonstrating multiple interfacial functionalities are highly demanded as a surface typically serves various duties and faces multiple challenges in real practice. However, such versatile surfaces are rarely reported mainly due to the challenges in integrating multiple structural characteristics. Here, by mimicking lotus leaves, butterfly wing, and respiratory cilia, we develop a surface termed wire-on-pillar magneto-responsive superhydrophobic arrays (WP-MRSA), which possess interfacial properties of structural superhydrophobicity, anisotropicity, stimuli responsiveness, and flexibility. By combining soft lithography and self-alignment of iron-laden aerosols under a magnetic field, iron-laden wires are planted atop prefabricated pillar arrays, resulting in well-ordered, sparse, high-aspect-ratio, flexible, and superhydrophobic wires, which largely deflect in response to a magnetic field. This unique integration of structural properties and configurations enables various functionalities, such as on-demand control of droplet impact dynamics, real-time regulation of surface lateral adhesion force, fast removal and sorting of objects, and precise manipulation of droplets for selective reactions. Those functionalities benefit various applications especially droplet-based microfluidics and active self-cleaning surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Wei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Yakun Zong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Youhua Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
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8
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Liu N, Sun Q, Yang Z, Shan L, Wang Z, Li H. Wrinkled Interfaces: Taking Advantage of Anisotropic Wrinkling to Periodically Pattern Polymer Surfaces. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207210. [PMID: 36775851 PMCID: PMC10131883 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Periodically patterned surfaces can cause special surface properties and are employed as functional building blocks in many devices, yet remaining challenges in fabrication. Advancements in fabricating structured polymer surfaces for obtaining periodic patterns are accomplished by adopting "top-down" strategies based on self-assembly or physico-chemical growth of atoms, molecules, or particles or "bottom-up" strategies ranging from traditional micromolding (embossing) or micro/nanoimprinting to novel laser-induced periodic surface structure, soft lithography, or direct laser interference patterning among others. Thus, technological advances directly promote higher resolution capabilities. Contrasted with the above techniques requiring highly sophisticated tools, surface instabilities taking advantage of the intrinsic properties of polymers induce surface wrinkling in order to fabricate periodically oriented wrinkled patterns. Such abundant and elaborate patterns are obtained as a result of self-organizing processes that are rather difficult if not impossible to fabricate through conventional patterning techniques. Focusing on oriented wrinkles, this review thoroughly describes the formation mechanisms and fabrication approaches for oriented wrinkles, as well as their fine-tuning in the wavelength, amplitude, and orientation control. Finally, the major applications in which oriented wrinkled interfaces are already in use or may be prospective in the near future are overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Qichao Sun
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Zhensheng Yang
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Linna Shan
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Hao Li
- National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources UtilizationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
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9
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Wang D, Ma Z, Tian X. Effectiveness of organic solvents for recovering collapsed PDMS micropillar arrays. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4874-4879. [PMID: 36762086 PMCID: PMC9901194 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08109a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micropillar arrays are widely used in research labs and engineering fields as analytical tools for various purposes. When the micropillar length or density surpasses a critical value, micropillars tend to collapse with each other and become unusable. Restoring collapsed PDMS micropillars typically involves the use of low surface tension solvents and ultrasound sonication, but such approach has received little success to date. In this work, we examined the effectiveness of different types of solvents for restoring collapsed PDMS micropillar arrays and show that the swelling ratio of PDMS in selected solvents constitutes an important factor in the effectiveness of restoring collapsed PDMS micropillars. Our results could be a promoter in recycling PDMS micropillar arrays and achieving economic and social benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China .,National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Material under Shock and Impact Beijing 100081 China.,Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology Tangshan 063000 China
| | - Zhuang Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China .,National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Material under Shock and Impact Beijing 100081 China.,Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology Tangshan 063000 China.,Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing, 401120 China
| | - Xinchun Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China .,National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Material under Shock and Impact Beijing 100081 China
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10
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Varol HS, Seeger S. Droplet Size-Assisted Polysiloxane Architecting. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:377-388. [PMID: 36527409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
(Super)antiwetting shielding around engineering materials and protecting them against harsh environmental conditions have been achieved via growing various geometry polysiloxane (or silicone) patterns around them by using a droplet-assisted growth method, where the polymerization takes place inside of the water droplets acting as reaction vessels. The size and distribution of these reaction vessels are the main factors in making different geometry silicone patterns; however, very little is known about the fate of these droplets throughout the polymerization. Here, we propose keeping the relative humidity (% RH) inside the reactor stable throughout the polymerization as a new coating parameter to force the size of the reaction vessel water droplets to be the same for building simply shaped silicone rods with controlled geometry and distribution. In this manner, we grew simple geometry cylindric microrods on surfaces and could tune their length, diameter, inter-rod spacing, and thus the (super)hydrophobicity. Here, we also demonstrate that with changes in the amplitude and stability of the % RH, it is possible to fabricate different (super)hydrophobic nanograsses, conical silicone microrods, and isotropic silicone nanofilaments. The proposed new way of tuning initial and in situ reaction vessel droplet size can be used as a single factor to formulate different geometry silicone patterns with tunable dimensions, leading to different roughness and hydrophobicity. To a certain extent, the droplet size-assisted silicone shaping in this work provides a new way to control the length, diameter, morphology, inter-rod spacing, and thus the (super)hydrophobicity of the silicone patterns, especially those in the shape of simple cylindrical microrods. This control over silicone architecting will help to prepare new (super)hydrophobic coatings with more controlled morphology and thus wettability; on the contrary, it will support surface scientists modeling the connection between surface geometry and (super)antiwetting of such irregular pillared surfaces that remain elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Samet Varol
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Zürich, ZürichCH 8057, Switzerland
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, DarmstadtD-64287, Germany
| | - Stefan Seeger
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Zürich, ZürichCH 8057, Switzerland
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11
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Tan Y, Yang J, Li Y, Li X, Wu Q, Fan Y, Yu F, Cui J, Chen L, Wang D, Deng X. Liquid-Pressure-Guided Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Adaptive Adhesion and Stability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202167. [PMID: 35611542 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic application environments of superhydrophobic surfaces, such as in the manufacturing, chemical, and garment industries, require the fast adaptiveness of the surfaces to their surroundings. Despite the progress in materials and structural design of superhydrophobic surfaces, simultaneously achieving high superhydrophobic stability and low adhesion by traditional design is still challenging. Here, a liquid-pressure-guided superhydrophobic surface with self-adjustable solid-liquid stability, and adhesion is demonstrated when reacting to the dynamic environmental requirements. To understand the underlying adaptive processes, the liquid impalement dynamics is imaged in three dimensions by confocal microscopy and the stability and superhydrophobicity are measured in varied systems. It is envisioned that the design strategy of liquid-pressure-guided superhydrophobic surfaces with dynamic anti-infiltration capability can stimulate the development of stable superhydrophobicity under complex wetting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tan
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
- Digital Media Art, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Conservatory of Music, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Qian Wu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Yue Fan
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Fanfei Yu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxi Cui
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Longquan Chen
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Dehui Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, 313001, P. R. China
| | - Xu Deng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518110, P. R. China
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12
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Yang C, Zeng Q, Huang J, Guo Z. Droplet manipulation on superhydrophobic surfaces based on external stimulation: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 306:102724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Yamada Y, Isobe K, Horibe A. Droplet motion on a wrinkled PDMS surface with a gradient structural length scale shorter than the droplet diameter. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13917-13923. [PMID: 35548386 PMCID: PMC9087903 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09244h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Droplet transportation using a wettability gradient surface has attracted much attention owing to applications such as in microfluidic devices. A surface with a spatial structural gradient was prepared through a simple and cost-effective process even though understanding of droplet behavior on the structure was still limited. Here, we report impinging droplet motion on a gradient wrinkled surface. Surfaces were prepared through hard film deposition on soft pre-strained polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with a mask installed with a slit to control the amount of deposition, which is related to the wavelength of the wrinkles. Droplets were impinged with varying position with respect to the structure, and the droplet motion was observed in the direction away from the region under the slit. We found an asymmetric contact angle and alternate motion on both sides of the three-phase contact line during the motion according to the gradient of the wrinkle wavelength. These results may help not only to understand the behavior of droplet impingement on a gradient structural surface but also to further develop applications using directional droplet transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Yamada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan +81 86 251 8046
| | - Kazuma Isobe
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan +81 86 251 8046
| | - Akihiko Horibe
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan +81 86 251 8046
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14
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Varol HS, Seeger S. Fluorescent Staining of Silicone Micro- and Nanopatterns for Their Optical Imaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:231-243. [PMID: 34932361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Performance of engineered surfaces can be enhanced by making them hydrophobic or superhydrophobic via coating them with low-surface-energy micro- and nanopatterns. However, the wetting phenomena of particularly irregular shape and spacing (super)hydrophobic patterns such as polysiloxane coatings are not yet fully understood from a microscopic perspective. Here, we show a new method to collect 3D confocal images from irregular polysiloxane micro- and nanorods from a single rod resolution to discuss their wetting response over long liquid/solid interaction times and quantify the length and diameter of these rods. To collect such 3D confocal images, fluorescent dye containing water droplets were left on our superhydrophobic and hydrophobic polysiloxane coated surfaces. Then their liquid/solid interfaces were imaged at different staining scenarios: (i) using different fluorescent dyes, (ii) when the droplets were in contact with surfaces, or (iii) after the droplets were taken away from the surface at the end of staining. Using such staining strategies, we could resolve the micro- and nanorods from root to top and determine their length and diameter, which were then found to be in good agreement with those obtained from their electron microscopy images. 3D confocal images in this paper, for the first time, present the long-time existence of more than one wetting state under the same droplet in contact with surfaces, as well as external and internal three-phase contact lines shifting and pinning. In the end, these findings were used to explain the time-dependent wetting kinetics of our surfaces. We believe that the proposed imaging strategy here will, in the future, be used to study many other irregular patterned (super)antiwetting surfaces to describe their wetting theory, which is today impossible due to the complicated surface geometry of these irregular patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Samet Varol
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Zürich, Zürich, CH 8057, Switzerland
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, Darmstadt, D-64287, Germany
| | - Stefan Seeger
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Zürich, Zürich, CH 8057, Switzerland
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15
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Erbil HY. Precursor film formation on catalyst–electrolyte–gas boundaries during CO 2 electroreduction with gas diffusion electrodes. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01576e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thin and long layers of catholyte precursor films spread near triple-phase boundaries on composite catalysts containing hydrophobic materials. Dissolved CO2 molecules in the precursor films reduce on the composite catalyst surface without depletion.
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16
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Lin HP, Chen LJ. Direct observation of wetting behavior of water drops on single micro-scale roughness surfaces of rose petal effect. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 603:539-549. [PMID: 34216950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS It has been verified that a surface of single micro-scale structures with certain roughness could exhibit petal effect. That is, water drops with a contact angle larger than 150° would pin on the petal effect surface. It is conjectured that the water drop could pin on the single micro-scale roughness petal effect surface by totally infiltrating into spaces (or grooves) between micro-pillars. EXPERIMENTS An inverted optical microscopy system is synchronically applied in the process of advancing/receding contact angle (ACA/RCA) measurements to directly observe the wetting behavior of water droplets on hydrophobic patterned surfaces with regular arrays of square micro-pillars. FINDINGS A sequence of wetting behavior evolution, Wenzel → petal → pseudo-lotus → lotus, is observed on the hydrophobic patterned surfaces along with increasing surface roughness. It is interesting to observe a Cassie-Wenzel transition for water drops on a petal substrate during the ACA measurement (embedded needle method), leading to two ACAs, one before (in Cassie state) and one after the transition (in Wenzel state). Thus, the petal substrates have large contact angle hysteresis (CAH) (with both ACA and RCA in Wenzel state) to pin the water drop in Wenzel state. A Cassie-Wenzel transition is consistently observed during the evaporation process of water drops on pseudo-lotus substrates, leading to two RCAs: one in Cassie state and one in Wenzel state. The pseudo-lotus substrates have CAH (with both ACA and RCA in Cassie state) small enough to make water drops easily slide off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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17
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Abstract
A gravity-driven droplet will rapidly flow down an inclined substrate, resisted only by stresses inside the liquid. If the substrate is compliant, with an elastic modulus G < 100 kPa, the droplet will markedly slow as a consequence of viscoelastic braking. This phenomenon arises due to deformations of the solid at the moving contact line, enhancing dissipation in the solid phase. Here, we pattern compliant surfaces with textures and probe their interaction with droplets. We show that the superhydrophobic Cassie state, where a droplet is supported atop air-immersed textures, is preserved on soft textured substrates. Confocal microscopy reveals that every texture in contact with the liquid is deformed by capillary stresses. This deformation is coupled to liquid pinning induced by the orientation of contact lines atop soft textures. Thus, compared to flat substrates, greater forcing is required for the onset of drop motion when the soft solid is textured. Surprisingly, droplet velocities down inclined soft or hard textured substrates are indistinguishable; the textures thus suppress viscoelastic braking despite substantial fluid-solid contact. High-speed microscopy shows that contact line velocities atop the pillars vastly exceed those associated with viscoelastic braking. This velocity regime involves less deformation, thus less dissipation, in the solid phase. Such rapid motions are only possible because the textures introduce a new scale and contact-line geometry. The contact-line orientation atop soft pillars induces significant deflections of the pillars on the receding edge of the droplet; calculations confirm that this does not slow down the droplet.
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18
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Garcia-Gonzalez D, Snoeijer J, Kappl M, Butt HJ. Onset of Elasto-capillary Bundling of Micropillar Arrays: A Direct Visualization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11581-11588. [PMID: 32897726 PMCID: PMC7586394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
When a liquid drop gets into contact with a soft array of microstructures, capillary forces at the three-phase contact line can lead to critical deformations. Microstructures may collapse and form bundles or even patterns. So far, viewing the kinetics of bundling at the menisci scale has remained elusive. Here, we use laser scanning confocal microscopy to directly image the menisci between micropillars. We image structural changes in polydimethylsiloxane micropillar arrays during the Cassie-to-Wenzel transitions of a water drop evaporating on top of the array. We demonstrate how the regular pillar array undergoes a spontaneous symmetry breaking as the first step to the formation of pillar bundles. A comparison of the Cassie-to-Wenzel transition in air and FC40 indicates that the local contact angle determines the outcome of the bundling process. Based on these observations, we develop a simple model using the local contact angle, stiffness of the pillars, and interfacial tension of the liquid to predict the onset of the symmetry breaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Garcia-Gonzalez
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Physics
of Fluids group, Max-Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics,
Department of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Jacco Snoeijer
- Physics
of Fluids group, Max-Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics,
Department of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Michael Kappl
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
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19
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Liu W, Xiang S, Liu X, Yang B. Underwater Superoleophobic Surface Based on Silica Hierarchical Cylinder Arrays with a Low Aspect Ratio. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9166-9175. [PMID: 32644775 PMCID: PMC7460563 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A superantiwetting surface based on low-aspect-ratio hierarchical cylinder arrays (HCAs) was successfully obtained on a silica substrate by colloidal lithography with photolithography. Colloidal lithography is a technique involving transfer of a pattern to a substrate by etching or exposure to a radiation source through a mask composed of a packed colloidal crystal, while photolithography is utilized by which a pattern is transferred photographically to a photoresist-coated substrate, and the substrate is subsequently etched. The surface provides an alternative approach to apply aligned micro-nano integrated structures with a relatively low aspect ratio in superantiwetting. The obtained HCAs successfully integrated micro- and nanoscale structures into one system, and the physical structure of the HCAs can be tuned by modulating the fabrication approach. Using a postmodification process, the underwater-oil wetting behavior of cylinder-array based surfaces can be easily modulated from the superoleophobic state (an oil contact angle (OCA) of 161°) to oleophilic state (an OCA of 19°). Moreover, the underwater-oil wettability can be reversibly transformed from the superoleophobic state (an OCA of approximately 153°) into the oleophilic state (an OCA of approximately 31°) by grafting stimuli-responsive polymer (PNIPAAm) brushes onto this specific hierarchical structure. Due to the temperature-responsive property, modifying the surface with PNIPAAm provides a possibility to control the oil wettability (repellent or sticky) by temperature, which will benefit the use of HCAs in oil-water separation and other application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendong Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Siyuan Xiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xueyao Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bai Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Dev AA, Dey R, Mugele F. Behaviour of flexible superhydrophobic striped surfaces during (electro-)wetting of a sessile drop. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9840-9848. [PMID: 31724689 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01663e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We study here the microscopic deformations of elastic lamellae constituting a superhydrophobic substrate under different wetting conditions of a sessile droplet using electrowetting. The deformation profiles of the lamellae are experimentally evaluated using confocal microscopy. These experimental results are then explained using a variational principle formalism within the framework of linear elasticity. We show that the local deformation profile of a lamella is mainly controlled by the net horizontal component of the capillary forces acting on its top due to the pinned droplet contact line. We also discuss the indirect role of electrowetting in dictating the deformation characteristics of the elastic lamellae. One important conclusion is that the small deflection assumption, which is frequently used in the literature, fails to provide a quantitative description of the experimental results; a full solution of the non-linear governing equation is necessary to describe the experimentally obtained deflection profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Arun Dev
- Physics of Complex Fluids, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
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21
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Al-Azawi A, Cenev Z, Tupasela T, Peng B, Ikkala O, Zhou Q, Jokinen V, Franssila S, Ras RHA. Tunable and Magnetic Thiol-ene Micropillar Arrays. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900522. [PMID: 31778287 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Tunable and responsive surfaces offer routes to multiple functionalities ranging from superhydrophobic surfaces to controlled adhesion. Inspired by cilia structure in the respiratory pathway, magnetically responsive periodic arrays of flexible and magnetic thiol-ene micropillars are fabricated. Omnidirectional collective bending of the pillar array in magnetic field is shown. Local non-contact actuation of a single pillar is achieved using an electromagnetic needle to probe the responsiveness and the elastic properties of the pillars by comparing the effect of thiol-ene crosslinking density to pillar bending. The suitable thiol-ene components for flexible and stiff magnetic micropillars and the workable range of thiol-to-allyl ratio are identified. The wettability of the magnetic pillars can be tailored by chemical and topography modification of the pillar surface. Low-surface-energy self-assembled monolayers are grafted by UV-assisted surface activation, which is also used for surface topography modification by covalent bonding of micro- and nanoparticles to the pillar surface. The modified thiol-ene micopillars are resistant to capillarity-driven collapse and they exhibit low contact angle hysteresis, allowing water droplet motion driven by repeated bending and recovery of the magnetic pillars in an external magnetic field. Transport of polyethylene microspheres is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Al-Azawi
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Zoran Cenev
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, P.O. Box 15500, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Topi Tupasela
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland.,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, P.O. Box 15500, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ville Jokinen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Franssila
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Robin H A Ras
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland.,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
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22
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Pan S, Chen M, Wu L. Fabrication of a flexible transparent superomniphobic polydimethylsiloxane surface with a micropillar array. RSC Adv 2019; 9:26165-26171. [PMID: 35531005 PMCID: PMC9070391 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although superomniphobic surfaces have attracted extensive interest owing to many important applications, successful fabrication of such surfaces still remains a critical challenge. Herein, we present a flexible transparent superomniphobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface with a micropillar array using Si nanowires as the mould. The as-obtained PDMS not only exhibits excellent liquid-repellent performance with a static contact angle of over 150° and sliding angle of less than 6° against a wide range of liquids, but also maintains the super-repellency even under acid/base corrosion, mechanical damage, and unidirectional stretching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyang Pan
- Department of Materials Science, Advanced Coatings Research Center of Ministry of Education, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Materials Science, Advanced Coatings Research Center of Ministry of Education, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Limin Wu
- Department of Materials Science, Advanced Coatings Research Center of Ministry of Education, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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