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Lee LCC, Lo KKW. Shining New Light on Biological Systems: Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes for Bioimaging and Biosensing Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8825-9014. [PMID: 39052606 PMCID: PMC11328004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence imaging is a powerful and versatile technique for investigating cell physiology and pathology in living systems, making significant contributions to life science research and clinical diagnosis. In recent years, luminescent transition metal complexes have gained significant attention for diagnostic and therapeutic applications due to their unique photophysical and photochemical properties. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, with a focus on transition metal centers with a d6, d8, and d10 electronic configuration. We elucidate the structure-property relationships of luminescent transition metal complexes, exploring how their structural characteristics can be manipulated to control their biological behavior such as cellular uptake, localization, biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution. Furthermore, we introduce the various design strategies that leverage the interesting photophysical properties of luminescent transition metal complexes for a wide variety of biological applications, including autofluorescence-free imaging, multimodal imaging, organelle imaging, biological sensing, microenvironment monitoring, bioorthogonal labeling, bacterial imaging, and cell viability assessment. Finally, we provide insights into the challenges and perspectives of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, as well as their use in disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Units 1503-1511, 15/F, Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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2
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Li S, Wang Q, Ren Y, Zhong P, Bao P, Guan S, Qiu X, Qu X. Oxygen and pH responsive theragnostic liposomes for early-stage diagnosis and photothermal therapy of solid tumours. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:748-762. [PMID: 38131275 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01514a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of cancer treatment is of great importance, especially in the early stage. In this work, we synthesized a pH-sensitive amphiphilic ruthenium complex containing two alkyl chains and two PEG chains, which was utilized as an oxygen sensitive fluorescent probe for co-assembly with lipids to harvest a liposomal delivery system (RuPC) for the encapsulation of a photothermal agent indocyanine green (ICG). The resultant ICG encapsulated liposome (RuPC@ICG) enabled the delivery of ICG into cells via a membrane fusion pathway, by which the ruthenium complex was localized in the cell membrane for better detection of the extracellular oxygen concentration. Such characteristics allowed ratiometric imaging to distinguish the tumour location from normal tissues just 3 days after cancer cells were implanted, by monitoring the hypoxia condition and tracing the metabolism. Moreover, the pH sensitivity of the liposomes favoured cell uptake, and improved the anti-tumour efficiency of the formulation in vivo under NIR irradiation. Assuming liposomal systems have fewer safety issues, our work not only provides a facile method for the construction of a theragnostic system by combining phototherapy with photoluminescence imaging, but hopefully paves the way for clinical translation from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Li
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
| | - Qinglin Wang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
| | - Yingying Ren
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
| | - Pengfei Zhong
- Hebei North University, Hebei 075000, China
- The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Pengtao Bao
- The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Shanyue Guan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Xiaochen Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Xiaozhong Qu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
- Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Shandong 256606, China
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Ansari MA, Shoaib S, Chauhan W, Gahtani RM, Hani U, Alomary MN, Alasiri G, Ahmed N, Jahan R, Yusuf N, Islam N. Nanozymes and carbon-dots based nanoplatforms for cancer imaging, diagnosis and therapeutics: Current trends and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117522. [PMID: 37967707 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer patients face a significant clinical and socio-economic burden due to increased incidence, mortality, and poor survival. Factors like late diagnosis, recurrence, drug resistance, severe side effects, and poor bioavailability limit the scope of current therapies. There is a need for novel, cost-effective, and safe diagnostic methods, therapeutics to overcome recurrence and drug resistance, and drug delivery vehicles with enhanced bioavailability and less off-site toxicity. Advanced nanomaterial-based research is aiding cancer biologists by providing solutions for issues like hypoxia, tumor microenvironment, low stability, poor penetration, target non-specificity, and rapid drug clearance. Currently, nanozymes and carbon-dots are attractive due to their low cost, high catalytic activity, biocompatibility, and lower toxicity. Nanozymes and carbon-dots are increasingly used in imaging, biosensing, diagnosis, and targeted cancer therapy. Integrating these materials with advanced diagnostic tools like CT scans and MRIs can aid in clinical decision-making and enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy, photothermal, photodynamic, and sonodynamic therapies, with minimal invasion and reduced collateral effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shoaib Shoaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Waseem Chauhan
- Division of Hematology, Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Reem M Gahtani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of pharmaceutics, Collage of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad N Alomary
- Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Glowi Alasiri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabeel Ahmed
- Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida 201314, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Roshan Jahan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Najmul Islam
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
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Raju L, Javan Nikkhah S, K M, Vandichel M, Eswaran R. Anticancer Potential of Dendritic Poly(aryl ether)-Substituted Polypyridyl Ligand-Based Ruthenium(II) Coordination Entities. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4226-4239. [PMID: 37782900 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper studies the anticancer potency of dendritic poly(aryl ether)-substituted polypyridyl ligand-based ruthenium(II) coordination entities. The dendritic coordination entities were successfully designed, synthesized, and characterized by different spectral methods such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1H and 13C- NMR, and mass spectrometry. Further, to understand the structure and solvation behavior of the coordination entities, we performed all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The behavior, configuration, and size of the coordination entities in DMSO and water were studied by calculating the radius of gyration (Rg) and solvent-accessible surface area (SASA). The MTT assay was used to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of all of the coordination entities against cancerous A549 (lung cancer cells), MDA MB 231 (breast cancer cells), and HepG2 (liver cancer cells) and was found to be good with comparable IC50 values with respect to the standard drug cisplatin. The coordination entities exhibited dose dependence, and the highest activity was shown against HepG2 cell lines in comparison to the other cancer cell lines. In addition, fluorescence staining studies, such as AO/EB, DAPI, and cell death analysis by PI staining, were performed on the coordination entities to understand the apoptosis mechanism. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assays confirmed apoptosis in cancer cells via the mitochondrial pathway. The DNA fragmentation assay was done followed by molecular docking analysis with DNA executed to strengthen and support the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liju Raju
- Department of Chemistry, Madras Christian College (Autonomous), Affiliated to the University of Madras, Tambaram East, Chennai 600059, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sousa Javan Nikkhah
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Republic of Ireland
| | - MosaChristas K
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai 600034, India
| | - Matthias Vandichel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Republic of Ireland
| | - Rajkumar Eswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Madras Christian College (Autonomous), Affiliated to the University of Madras, Tambaram East, Chennai 600059, Tamilnadu, India
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Korupalli C, Kuo CC, Getachew G, Dirersa WB, Wibrianto A, Rasal AS, Chang JY. Multifunctional manganese oxide-based nanocomposite theranostic agent with glucose/light-responsive singlet oxygen generation and dual-modal imaging for cancer treatment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 643:373-384. [PMID: 37080044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Development of tumor microenvironment (TME) modifying nanomedicine with cooperative effect between multiple stimuli responsive therapeutic modalities is necessary to achieve lower dosage induced tumor specific therapy. Accordingly, herein, a multifunctional MnOx NSs@BSA-IR780-GOx nanocomposite (MBIG NCs) is developed to modulate the oxidative stress in TME, and thus attain higher therapeutic efficacy. In the presence of glucose, the as-synthesized MBIG NCs are served as a chemodynamic agents and generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) by self-activation through a cascade of reactions from glucose oxidase (GOx) and manganese oxide nanosheets (MnOx NSs). Also, the MBIG NCs demonstrated excellent photodynamic properties upon irradiation with 808 nm laser owing to the presence of IR780. The combination of glucose-mediated chemodynamic and light-mediated photodynamic properties generated higher ROS than that obtained with individual stimuli. Further, the MBIG NCs exhibited photothermal effect with conversion efficiency of 33.8 %, which helped to enhance the enzymatic activities. In in vitro studies, the MBIG NCs exhibited good biocompatibility to cancerous and non-cancerous cells under non-stimulus conditions. Nevertheless, in the presence of glucose and light stimuli, they triggered more than 90 % cell toxicity at 200 ppm concentration via the cooperative effect between starvation therapy, chemodynamic therapy, and phototherapy. Furthermore, the MBIG NCs demonstrated magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging properties. These results are suggesting that MBIG NCs would be potential theranostic agents to for cancer diagnosis and target specific therapy. More importantly, the fabrication process is paving a way to improve the aqueous dispersibility, stability, and bio-applicability of MnOx NSs and IR780.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjeevi Korupalli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Cheng Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Girum Getachew
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Worku Batu Dirersa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Aswandi Wibrianto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Akash S Rasal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yaw Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Huang Q, Qiao Lv, Jiang L, Chen Q, Zhang K. Recent progress of biocompatible carbon dots in hypoxia-related fields. J Biomater Appl 2023; 37:1159-1168. [PMID: 36083209 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221125313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Almost all eukaryotes need oxygen to maintain regular physiological activities. When the organism is under hypoxic situation for a persistent or periodic, it will induce irreversible physiological disorders and even pathological results. Hypoxia is closely related to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, cancer, chronic heart disease and kidney disease, myocardial ischemia, as well as reproductive diseases like preeclampsia and endometriosis. Therefore, monitoring and treatment of hypoxia have important implications for the pathophysiology of human-related diseases. Carbon dots (CDs) are emerging nanomaterials developed after 2004 with excellent performance, and have broad application potential in variousdomains likeoptical, biomedicine, energy. Advanced hypoxia therapeutics should be integrated with monitoring and treatment, and CDs with excellent performance are good potential options when sensing is combined with various therapeutic methods. Some researchers have also begun to carry out research in related fields and achieved some results. This article aims to clarify the various applications of CDs in hypoxia-related fields in recent years, including hypoxia sensing and hypoxia tumor theranostics. Finally, the possible challenges and prospects for the application of CDs in hypoxia-related fields are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Lv
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kebin Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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7
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Wu M, Zhang Z, Yong J, Schenk PM, Tian D, Xu ZP, Zhang R. Determination and Imaging of Small Biomolecules and Ions Using Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Chemosensors. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:29. [PMID: 35695976 PMCID: PMC9192387 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence chemosensors are one of the most useful tools for the determination and imaging of small biomolecules and ions in situ in real time. Based on the unique photo-physical/-chemical properties of ruthenium(II) (Ru(II)) complexes, the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors has attracted increasing attention in recent years, and thus many Ru(II) complexes have been designed and synthesized for the detection of ions and small biomolecules in biological and environmental samples. In this work, we summarize the research advances in the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors for the determination of ions and small biomolecules, including anions, metal ions, reactive biomolecules and amino acids, with a particular focus on binding/reaction-based chemosensors for the investigation of intracellular analytes' evolution through luminescence analysis and imaging. The advances, challenges and future research directions in the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zexi Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jiaxi Yong
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Peer M Schenk
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dihua Tian
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Chen T, Shang Y, Zhu Y, Hao S, Yang C. Activators Confined Upconversion Nanoprobe with Near-Unity Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Efficiency for Ultrasensitive Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19826-19835. [PMID: 35438973 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as energy donors for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) are promising in biosensing, bioimaging, and therapeutic applications. However, traditional FRET-based UC nanoprobes show low efficiency and poor sensitivity because only partial activators in UCNPs possessing suitable distance with energy acceptors (<10 nm) can activate the FRET process. Herein, a novel excited-state energy distribution-modulated upconversion nanostructure is explored for highly efficient FRET. Integration of the optimal 4% Er3+ doped shell and 100% Yb3+ core achieves ∼4.5-fold UC enhancement compared with commonly used NaYF4:20%Yb3+,2%Er3+ nanoparticles, enabling maximum donation of excitation energy to an acceptor. The spatial confinement strategy shortens significantly the energy-transfer distance (∼4.5 nm) and thus demonstrates experimentally a 91.9% FRET efficiency inside the neutral red (NR)-conjugated NaYbF4@NaYF4:20%Yb3+,4%Er3+ nanoprobe, which greatly outperforms the NaYbF4@NaYF4:20%Yb3+,4%Er3+@SiO2@NR nanoprobe (27.7% efficiency). Theoretical FRET efficiency calculation and in situ single-nanoparticle FRET measurement further confirm the excellent energy-transfer behavior. The well-designed nanoprobe shows a much lower detection limit of 0.6 ng/mL and higher sensitivity and is superior to the reported NO2- probes. Our work provides a feasible strategy to exploit highly efficient FRET-based luminescence nanoprobes for ultrasensitive detection of analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yunfei Shang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuyan Zhu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shuwei Hao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunhui Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
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Chen BB, Huang CZ. Preparation of carbon dots and their sensing applications. SENSING AND BIOSENSING WITH OPTICALLY ACTIVE NANOMATERIALS 2022:9-40. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-90244-1.00005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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10
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Cheng MHY, Mo Y, Zheng G. Nano versus Molecular: Optical Imaging Approaches to Detect and Monitor Tumor Hypoxia. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001549. [PMID: 33241672 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a ubiquitous feature of solid tumors, which plays a key role in tumor angiogenesis and resistance development. Conventional hypoxia detection methods lack continuous functional detection and are generally less suitable for dynamic hypoxia measurement. Optical sensors hereby provide a unique opportunity to noninvasively image hypoxia with high spatiotemporal resolution and enable real-time detection. Therefore, these approaches can provide a valuable tool for personalized treatment planning against this hallmark of aggressive cancers. Many small optical molecular probes can enable analyte triggered response and their photophysical properties can also be fine-tuned through structural modification. On the other hand, optical nanoprobes can acquire unique intrinsic optical properties through nanoconfinement as well as enable simultaneous multimodal imaging and drug delivery. Furthermore, nanoprobes provide biological advantages such as improving bioavailability and systemic delivery of the sensor to enhance bioavailability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the physical, chemical, and biological analytes for cancer hypoxia detection and focuses on discussing the latest nano- and molecular developments in various optical imaging approaches (fluorescence, phosphorescence, and photoacoustic) in vivo. Finally, this review concludes with a perspective toward the potentials of these optical imaging approaches in hypoxia detection and the challenges with molecular and nanotechnology design strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miffy Hok Yan Cheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network 101 College Street, PMCRT 5–354 Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
| | - Yulin Mo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network 101 College Street, PMCRT 5–354 Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
- Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto 101 College Street Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network 101 College Street, PMCRT 5–354 Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
- Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto 101 College Street Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto 101 College Street Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
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11
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Soliman N, Gasser G, Thomas CM. Incorporation of Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complexes into Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2003294. [PMID: 33073433 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes are compounds of great interest in cancer therapy due to their unique photophysical, photochemical, and biological properties. For effective treatment, they must be able to penetrate tumor cells effectively and selectively. The development of nanoscale carriers capable of delivering Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes has the potential to passively or selectively enhance their cellular uptake in tumor cells. Many different strategies have been explored to incorporate Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes into a variety of nanosized constructs, ranging from organic to inorganic materials. Herein, recent developments in nanomaterials loaded with Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes are highlighted. Their rational design, preparation, and physicochemical properties are described, and their potential applications in cancer therapy are eventually discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Soliman
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris, 75005, France
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Christophe M Thomas
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris, 75005, France
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Liu C, Liu J, Zhang W, Wang Y, Liu Q, Song B, Yuan J, Zhang R. "Two Birds with One Stone" Ruthenium(II) Complex Probe for Biothiols Discrimination and Detection In Vitro and In Vivo. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000458. [PMID: 32714756 PMCID: PMC7375222 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a "two birds with one stone" ruthenium(II) complex probe, Ru-NBD, is proposed as an effective tool for biothiols detection and discrimination in vitro and in vivo. Ru-NBD is nonluminescent due to the quenching of Ru(II) complex emission by photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from Ru(II) center to NBD and the quenching of NBD emission through 4-substitution with "O" ether bond. Ru-NBD is capable of reacting with Cys/Hcy to form long-lived red-emitting Ru-OH and short-lived green-emitting NBD-NR, while reacting with GSH to produce Ru-OH and nonemissive NBD-SR. The long lifetime emission of Ru(II) complex allows elimination of short lifetime background and NBD-NR fluorescence for total biothiols detection ("bird" one) by time-gated luminescence (TGL) analysis, and the remarkable difference in luminescence color response allows discrimination GSH and Cys/Hcy ("bird" two) through steady-state luminescence analysis. Ru-NBD features high sensitivity and selectivity, rapid luminescence response, and low cytotoxicity, which enables it to be used as the probe for luminescence and background-free TGL detection and visualization of biothiols in live cells, zebrafish, and mice. The successful development of this probe is anticipated to contribute to the future biological studies of biothiols roles in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of Queensland, St. LuciaBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Wenzhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Yong‐Lei Wang
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversityStockholmSE‐10691Sweden
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Bo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Jingli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of Queensland, St. LuciaBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
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A folic acid-functionalized dual-emissive nanoprobe for “double-check” luminescence imaging of cancer cells. Methods 2019; 168:102-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Anwar S, Ding H, Xu M, Hu X, Li Z, Wang J, Liu L, Jiang L, Wang D, Dong C, Yan M, Wang Q, Bi H. Recent Advances in Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Biomedical Applications of Carbon Dots. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2317-2338. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadat Anwar
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Haizhen Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Mingsheng Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Jingmin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Chen Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Manqing Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Qiyang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Hong Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
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Himmelstoß SF, Hirsch T. A critical comparison of lanthanide based upconversion nanoparticles to fluorescent proteins, semiconductor quantum dots, and carbon dots for use in optical sensing and imaging. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 7:022002. [PMID: 30822759 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab0bfa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The right choice of a fluorescent probe is essential for successful luminescence imaging and sensing and especially concerning in vivo and in vitro applications, the development of new classes have gained more and more attention in the last years. One of the most promising class are upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)-inorganic nanocrystals capable to convert near-infrared light in high energy radiation. In this review we will compare UCNPs with other fluorescent probes in terms of (a) the optical properties of the probes, such as their brightness, photostability and excitation wavelength; (b) their chemical properties such as the dispersibility, stability under experimental or physiological conditions, availability of chemical modification strategies for labelling; and (c) the potential toxicity and biocompatibility of the probe. Thereby we want to provide a better understanding of the advantages and drawbacks of UCNPs and address future challenges in the design of the nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy F Himmelstoß
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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Ko CN, Li G, Leung CH, Ma DL. Dual function luminescent transition metal complexes for cancer theranostics: The combination of diagnosis and therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Deng Y, Yuan H, Yuan W. Hypoxia-responsive micelles self-assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers for the controlled release of anticancer drugs. J Mater Chem B 2018; 7:286-295. [PMID: 32254553 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02505c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymers poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(methacrylic acid-co-2-nitroimidazole methacrylate) (PEG-b-P(MAA-co-NIMA)) were synthesized by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), hydrolysis and EDC reactions. These copolymers could self-assemble into spherical micelles in water. 2-Nitroimidazole (NI) groups presented hypoxia-responsive properties under hypoxia conditions. The hydrophobic NI groups could be converted into hydrophilic aminoimidazole (AI) groups, which would lead to the expansion of micelles. Moreover, the content of NI groups in the copolymers would affect the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance and therefore influence the self-assembly behaviour of the copolymer and the morphologies of the micelles. The copolymer micelles were used as a drug delivery system for controlled release of anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). The in vitro cytotoxicity investigation revealed that the DOX-loaded micelles showed higher toxicity to hypoxic cells than to normoxic cells. As a result, the block copolymers are expected to be used as an intelligent carrier for hydrophobic drugs to treat hypoxia-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlu Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Chien YH, Chan KK, Anderson T, Kong KV, Ng BK, Yong KT. Advanced Near-Infrared Light-Responsive Nanomaterials as Therapeutic Platforms for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Chien
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Feng Chia University; Taichung 40724 Taiwan
| | - Kok Ken Chan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798
| | - Tommy Anderson
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798
| | - Kien Voon Kong
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Beng Koon Ng
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798
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