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Wang J, Wang F, Xie D, Zhou M, Liao J, Wu H, Dai Y, Huang J, Zhao Y. PLGA Nanoparticles Containing VCAM-1 Inhibitor Succinobucol and Chemotherapeutic Doxorubicin as Therapy against Primary Tumors and Their Lung Metastases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020349. [PMID: 36839671 PMCID: PMC9958791 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of malignant tumors is usually accompanied by poor prognosis due to metastasis of tumor cells. Hence, it is crucial to enhance anti-metastasis efficacy when anti-tumor treatments are conducted. It has been reported that the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is highly expressed on the surface of tumor cells and plays an essential role in the metastasis of tumor cells. Thus, reducing VCAM-1 expression offers hope for inhibiting the metastasis of tumor cells. Evidence has shown that succinobucol (Suc) can selectively and efficiently inhibit VCAM-1 expression. Inspired by these, we designed dual drug-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (Co-NPs) to co-deliver VCAM-1 inhibitor Suc and the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (Dox) which could both effectively suppress primary melanoma and its lung metastases. Co-NPs were composed of PLGA encapsulated Suc and Dox as hydrophobic cores and DSPE-mPEG2000 as surface modification materials. With an appropriate particle size (122.4 nm) and a negatively charged surface (-6.77 mV) we could achieve prolonged blood circulation. The in vitro experiments showed that Co-NPs had potent cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells and could significantly inhibit VCAM-1 expression and migration of B16F10 cells. Additionally, the in vivo experiments showed that Co-NPs could efficiently suppress not only primary melanoma but also its lung metastases. In conclusion, PLGA nanoparticles containing VCAM-1 inhibitor Suc and chemotherapeutic Dox as therapy against primary tumors and their lung metastases provides a promising drug delivery strategy for the treatment of metastatic malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Fengling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Dandan Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiaxing Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hongliang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jingbin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (Y.Z.)
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Peña Q, Rodríguez-Calado S, Simaan AJ, Capdevila M, Bayón P, Palacios O, Lorenzo J, Iranzo O. Cell-penetrating peptide-conjugated copper complexes for redox-mediated anticancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1060827. [PMID: 36467097 PMCID: PMC9714576 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1060827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-based chemotherapeutics like cisplatin are widely employed in cancer treatment. In the last years, the design of redox-active (transition) metal complexes, such as of copper (Cu), has attracted high interest as alternatives to overcome platinum-induced side-effects. However, several challenges are still faced, including optimal aqueous solubility and efficient intracellular delivery, and strategies like the use of cell-penetrating peptides have been encouraging. In this context, we previously designed a Cu(II) scaffold that exhibited significant reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cytotoxicity. Herein, we build upon the promising Cu(II) redox-active metallic core and aim to potentiate its anticancer activity by rationally tailoring it with solubility- and uptake-enhancing functionalizations that do not alter the ROS-generating Cu(II) center. To this end, sulfonate, arginine and arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) derivatives have been prepared and characterized, and all the resulting complexes preserved the parent Cu(II) coordination core, thereby maintaining its reported redox capabilities. Comparative in vitro assays in several cancer cell lines reveal that while specific solubility-targeting derivatizations (i.e., sulfonate or arginine) did not translate into an improved cytotoxicity, increased intracellular copper delivery via CPP-conjugation promoted an enhanced anticancer activity, already detectable at short treatment times. Additionally, immunofluorescence assays show that the Cu(II) peptide-conjugate distributed throughout the cytosol without lysosomal colocalization, suggesting potential avoidance of endosomal entrapment. Overall, the systematic exploration of the tailored modifications enables us to provide further understanding on structure-activity relationships of redox-active metal-based (Cu(II)) cytotoxic complexes, which contributes to rationalize and improve the design of more efficient redox-mediated metal-based anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quim Peña
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, ISm2, Marseille, France
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sergi Rodríguez-Calado
- Department Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Jalila Simaan
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, ISm2, Marseille, France
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Bayón
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Palacios
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Lorenzo
- Department Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Iranzo
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, ISm2, Marseille, France
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