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von Montfort C, Aplak E, Ebbert L, Wenzel CK, Klahm NP, Stahl W, Brenneisen P. The role of GAPDH in the selective toxicity of CNP in melanoma cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300718. [PMID: 38512909 PMCID: PMC10956844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer with a rather poor prognosis. Standard chemotherapy often results in severe side effects on normal (healthy) cells finally being difficult to tolerate for the patients. Shown by us earlier, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNP, nanoceria) selectively killed A375 melanoma cells while not being cytotoxic at identical concentrations on non-cancerous cells. In conclusion, the redox-active CNP exhibited both prooxidative as well as antioxidative properties. In that context, CNP induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the studied melanoma cells via generation of reactive oxygene species (primarily hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)), but that does not account for 100% of the toxicity. AIM Cancer cells often show an increased glycolytic rate (Warburg effect), therefore we focused on CNP mediated changes of the glucose metabolism. RESULTS It has been shown before that glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity is regulated via oxidation of a cysteine in the active center of the enzyme with a subsequent loss of activity. Upon CNP treatment, formation of cellular lactate and GAPDH activity were significantly lowered. The treatment of melanoma cells and melanocytes with the GAPDH inhibitor heptelidic acid (HA) decreased viability to a much higher extent in the cancer cells than in the studied normal (healthy) cells, highlighting and supporting the important role of GAPDH in cancer cells. CONCLUSION We identified glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as a target protein for CNP mediated thiol oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia von Montfort
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Elif Aplak
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lara Ebbert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Chantal-Kristin Wenzel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niklas P. Klahm
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Stahl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Brenneisen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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2
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Hanna DH, Aziz MM, Shafee EE. Effective-by-method for the preparation of folic acid-coated TiO 2 nanoparticles with high targeting potential for apoptosis induction against bladder cancer cells (T24). Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:1597-1615. [PMID: 36905187 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The research's goal is to create the surfaces of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in a layer of folic acid (FA) that can effectively target human bladder cancer cells (T24). An efficient method for creating FA-coated TiO2 NPs was used, and many tools have been used to analyze its physicochemical properties. The cytotoxic effects of FA-coated NPs on T24 cells and the mechanisms of apoptosis generation were examined employing a variety of methodologies. The prepared FA-coated TiO2 NPs suspensions with a hydrodynamic diameter around 37 nm and a negative surface charge of -30 mV reduced T24 cell proliferation with stronger IC50 value (21.8 ± 1.9 μg/ml) than TiO2 NPs (47.8 ± 2.5 μg/ml). This toxicity resulted in apoptosis induction (16.63%) that was caused through enhanced reactive oxygen species formation and stopping the cell cycle over G2/M phase. Moreover, FA-TiO2 NPs raised the expression levels of P53, P21, BCL2L4, and cleaved Caspase-3, while decreasing Bcl-2, Cyclin B, and CDK1 in treated cells. Overall, these findings revealed efficient targeting of the FA-TiO2 NPs resulted in increasing cellular internalization caused increased apoptosis in T24 cells. As a result, FA-TiO2 NPs might be a viable treatment for human bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demiana H Hanna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marina M Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - E El Shafee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Chen L, Zhou C, Jiang C, Huang X, Liu Z, Zhang H, Liang W, Zhao J. Translation of nanotechnology-based implants for orthopedic applications: current barriers and future perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1206806. [PMID: 37675405 PMCID: PMC10478008 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1206806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of bioimplant engineering is to develop biologically compatible materials for restoring, preserving, or altering damaged tissues and/or organ functions. The variety of substances used for orthopedic implant applications has been substantially influenced by modern material technology. Therefore, nanomaterials can mimic the surface properties of normal tissues, including surface chemistry, topography, energy, and wettability. Moreover, the new characteristics of nanomaterials promote their application in sustaining the progression of many tissues. The current review establishes a basis for nanotechnology-driven biomaterials by demonstrating the fundamental design problems that influence the success or failure of an orthopedic graft, cell adhesion, proliferation, antimicrobial/antibacterial activity, and differentiation. In this context, extensive research has been conducted on the nano-functionalization of biomaterial surfaces to enhance cell adhesion, differentiation, propagation, and implant population with potent antimicrobial activity. The possible nanomaterials applications (in terms of a functional nanocoating or a nanostructured surface) may resolve a variety of issues (such as bacterial adhesion and corrosion) associated with conventional metallic or non-metallic grafts, primarily for optimizing implant procedures. Future developments in orthopedic biomaterials, such as smart biomaterials, porous structures, and 3D implants, show promise for achieving the necessary characteristics and shape of a stimuli-responsive implant. Ultimately, the major barriers to the commercialization of nanotechnology-derived biomaterials are addressed to help overcome the limitations of current orthopedic biomaterials in terms of critical fundamental factors including cost of therapy, quality, pain relief, and implant life. Despite the recent success of nanotechnology, there are significant hurdles that must be overcome before nanomedicine may be applied to orthopedics. The objective of this review was to provide a thorough examination of recent advancements, their commercialization prospects, as well as the challenges and potential perspectives associated with them. This review aims to assist healthcare providers and researchers in extracting relevant data to develop translational research within the field. In addition, it will assist the readers in comprehending the scope and gaps of nanomedicine's applicability in the orthopedics field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Guanghua Hospital, Zhoushan, China
| | - Chanyi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zunyong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hengjian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
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McDonagh PR, Gobalakrishnan S, Rabender C, Vijayaragavan V, Zweit J. Molecular Imaging Investigations of Polymer-Coated Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles as a Radioprotective Therapeutic Candidate. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2144. [PMID: 37631358 PMCID: PMC10457862 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) have a unique surface redox chemistry that appears to selectively protect normal tissues from radiation induced damage. Our prior research exploring the biocompatibility of polymer-coated CONPs found further study of poly-acrylic acid (PAA)-coated CONPs was warranted due to improved systemic biodistribution and rapid renal clearance. This work further explores PAA-CONPs' radioprotective efficacy and mechanism of action related to tumor microenvironment pH. An ex vivo TUNEL assay was used to measure PAA-CONPs' protection of the irradiated mouse colon in comparison to the established radioprotector amifostine. [18F]FDG PET imaging of spontaneous colon tumors was utilized to determine the effects of PAA-CONPs on tumor radiation response. In vivo MRI and an ex vivo clonogenic assay were used to determine pH effects on PAA-CONPs' radioprotection in irradiated tumor-bearing mice. PAA-CONPs showed excellent radioprotective efficacy in the normal colon that was equivalent to uncoated CONPs and amifostine. [18F]FDG PET imaging showed PAA-CONPs do not affect tumor response to radiation. Normalization of tumor pH allowed some radioprotection of tumors by PAA-CONPs, which may explain their lack of tumor radioprotection in the acidic tumor microenvironment. Overall, PAA-CONPs meet the criteria for clinical application as a radioprotective therapeutic agent and are an excellent candidate for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Reed McDonagh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Sundaresan Gobalakrishnan
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Christopher Rabender
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Vimalan Vijayaragavan
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Jamal Zweit
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
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Choi SR, Kwon JW, Suk KS, Kim HS, Moon SH, Park SY, Lee BH. The Clinical Use of Osteobiologic and Metallic Biomaterials in Orthopedic Surgery: The Present and the Future. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103633. [PMID: 37241260 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
As the area and range of surgical treatments in the orthopedic field have expanded, the development of biomaterials used for these treatments has also advanced. Biomaterials have osteobiologic properties, including osteogenicity, osteoconduction, and osteoinduction. Natural polymers, synthetic polymers, ceramics, and allograft-based substitutes can all be classified as biomaterials. Metallic implants are first-generation biomaterials that continue to be used and are constantly evolving. Metallic implants can be made from pure metals, such as cobalt, nickel, iron, or titanium, or from alloys, such as stainless steel, cobalt-based alloys, or titanium-based alloys. This review describes the fundamental characteristics of metals and biomaterials used in the orthopedic field and new developments in nanotechnology and 3D-printing technology. This overview discusses the biomaterials that clinicians commonly use. A complementary relationship between doctors and biomaterial scientists is likely to be necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ryul Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kwon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Suk
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Sun Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hwan Moon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Young Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
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Kosto Y, Barcaro G, Kalinovych V, Franchi S, Matvija P, Matolínová I, Prince KC, Matolín V, Skála T, Tsud N, Carravetta V. Role of the redox state of cerium oxide on glycine adsorption: an experimental and theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:6693-6706. [PMID: 36807663 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp06068j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of the oxidation state of cerium cations in a thin oxide film in the adsorption, geometry, and thermal stability of glycine molecules was studied. The experimental study was performed for a submonolayer molecular coverage deposited in vacuum on CeO2(111)/Cu(111) and Ce2O3(111)/Cu(111) films by photoelectron and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopies and supported by ab initio calculations for prediction of the adsorbate geometries, C 1s and N 1s core binding energies of glycine, and some possible products of the thermal decomposition. The molecules adsorbed on the oxide surfaces at 25 °C in the anionic form via the carboxylate oxygen atoms bound to cerium cations. A third bonding point through the amino group was observed for the glycine adlayers on CeO2. In the course of stepwise annealing of the molecular adlayers on CeO2 and Ce2O3, the surface chemistry and decomposition products were analyzed and found to relate to different reactivities of glycinate on Ce4+ and Ce3+ cations, observed as two dissociation channels via C-N and C-C bond scission, respectively. The oxidation state of cerium cations in the oxide was shown to be an important factor, which defines the properties, electronic structure, and thermal stability of the molecular adlayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliia Kosto
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 18000, Czech Republic.
| | - Giovanni Barcaro
- Institute of Physical Chemical Processes-CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Viacheslav Kalinovych
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 18000, Czech Republic.
| | - Stefano Franchi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Area Science Park, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Basovizza (Trieste), 34149, Italy
| | - Peter Matvija
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 18000, Czech Republic.
| | - Iva Matolínová
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 18000, Czech Republic.
| | - Kevin C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Area Science Park, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Basovizza (Trieste), 34149, Italy
| | - Vladimír Matolín
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 18000, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Skála
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 18000, Czech Republic.
| | - Nataliya Tsud
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 18000, Czech Republic.
| | - Vincenzo Carravetta
- Institute of Physical Chemical Processes-CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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7
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Luo J, Zhu S, Tong Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Cao L, Kong M, Luo M, Bi Q, Zhang Q. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Promote Osteoplastic Precursor Differentiation by Activating the Wnt Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:865-873. [PMID: 35230639 PMCID: PMC9849164 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteoplastic precursors are critical for fracture repair and bone homeostasis maintenance. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) can promote the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and secrete vascular endothelial growth factors. However, little is known about its role in precursor osteoblasts; therefore, we further investigated the effect and mechanism of CeO2 NPs in precursor osteoblasts. Cell counting kit-8 analysis was utilized to detect the toxicity of CeO2 NPs on MC3T3-E1 mouse osteogenic precursor cells. Then, alizarin red S staining was employed to assess the degree of extracellular matrix mineralization, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to measure the levels of osteogenesis-related genes. To identify differentially expressed genes, mRNA-sequencing was performed. Subsequently, GO and KEGG analyses were deployed to identify the major downstream pathways, whereas Western blot was used for verification. CeO2 NPs significantly enhanced the ability of MC3T3-E1 precursor osteoblasts to enhance matrix mineralization and increased the expression of osteogenic genes such as runt-related transcription factor 2, collagen Iα1, and osteocalcin. Pathway analysis revealed that CeO2 NPs enhanced the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and activated the Wnt pathway by promoting family with sequence similarity 53 member B/simplet expression, while Western blot analysis indicated the same results. After using a Wnt pathway inhibitor (KYA1797K), the simulative effect of CeO2 NPs was abolished. This study revealed that CeO2 NPs promoted MC3T3-E1 precursor osteoblast differentiation by activating the Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325027
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Osteoarthropathy of Hangzhou Medical College, 481# Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Senbo Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325027
| | - Yu Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Osteoarthropathy of Hangzhou Medical College, 481# Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Osteoarthropathy of Hangzhou Medical College, 481# Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingxiang Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Osteoarthropathy of Hangzhou Medical College, 481# Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Luo
- Dongyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghua, 322199, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Bi
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325027
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Osteoarthropathy of Hangzhou Medical College, 481# Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Osteoarthropathy of Hangzhou Medical College, 481# Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
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Hernández-Montes V, Buitrago-Sierra R, Echeverry-Rendón M, Santa-Marín JF. Ceria-based coatings on magnesium alloys for biomedical applications: a literature review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1422-1433. [PMID: 36712919 PMCID: PMC9829028 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06312c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are being studied for use in temporary orthopedic implants because of their mechanical properties, which are similar to those of human bone, and their good biocompatibility. However, their application is limited due to their rapid degradation, and early loss of their mechanical properties, decreasing the stability of the implant and its proper synchronization with tissue regeneration. In this regard, various surface coatings have been used to improve their biological, physico-chemical and biodegradation properties. Currently, one of the most explored strategies is using smart coatings because of their self-healing properties that can slow down the corrosion process of Mg and its alloys. Ceria-based materials show promise as coatings for these alloys. Their unique redox capacity not only provides Mg alloys with good self-healing properties but also interesting biological properties, which are described in this paper. Despite this, some problems and challenges related to the biocompatibility and application of these materials in coatings remain unsolved. In this article, a critical review is presented summarizing the most representative literature on ceria-based coatings on Mg alloys for their potential use as biomaterials. The results show that ceria is a versatile material that may be used in industrial and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hernández-Montes
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Sede Medellín. Facultad de Minas. Medellín, Colombia, Grupo de Tribología y Superficies Medellín Colombia
| | - R Buitrago-Sierra
- Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano (ITM). Facultad de Ingenierías, Grupo de Materiales Avanzados y Energía (MATyER) Medellín Colombia
| | | | - J F Santa-Marín
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Sede Medellín. Facultad de Minas. Medellín, Colombia, Grupo de Tribología y Superficies Medellín Colombia
- Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano (ITM). Facultad de Ingenierías, Grupo de Materiales Avanzados y Energía (MATyER) Medellín Colombia
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9
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Tang JLY, Moonshi SS, Ta HT. Nanoceria: an innovative strategy for cancer treatment. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:46. [PMID: 36656411 PMCID: PMC9851121 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04694-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoceria or cerium oxide nanoparticles characterised by the co-existing of Ce3+ and Ce4+ that allows self-regenerative, redox-responsive dual-catalytic activities, have attracted interest as an innovative approach to treating cancer. Depending on surface characteristics and immediate environment, nanoceria exerts either anti- or pro-oxidative effects which regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in biological systems. Nanoceria mimics ROS-related enzymes that protect normal cells at physiological pH from oxidative stress and induce ROS production in the slightly acidic tumour microenvironment to trigger cancer cell death. Nanoceria as nanozymes also generates molecular oxygen that relieves tumour hypoxia, leading to tumour cell sensitisation to improve therapeutic outcomes of photodynamic (PDT), photothermal (PTT) and radiation (RT), targeted and chemotherapies. Nanoceria has been engineered as a nanocarrier to improve drug delivery or in combination with other drugs to produce synergistic anti-cancer effects. Despite reported preclinical successes, there are still knowledge gaps arising from the inadequate number of studies reporting findings based on physiologically relevant disease models that accurately represent the complexities of cancer. This review discusses the dual-catalytic activities of nanoceria responding to pH and oxygen tension gradient in tumour microenvironment, highlights the recent nanoceria-based platforms reported to be feasible direct and indirect anti-cancer agents with protective effects on healthy tissues, and finally addresses the challenges in clinical translation of nanoceria based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce L. Y. Tang
- grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111 Australia ,grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Bioscience Discipline Department, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4111 Australia
| | - Shehzahdi S. Moonshi
- grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111 Australia
| | - Hang T. Ta
- grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111 Australia ,grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Bioscience Discipline Department, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4111 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
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10
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Li F, Li J, Song X, Sun T, Mi L, Liu J, Xia X, Bai N, Li X. Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel Scaffold Containing nCeO 2 as a Potential Osteogenic Nanomaterial for Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6561-6578. [PMID: 36578441 PMCID: PMC9791564 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s388942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinicians frequently face difficulties when trying to fix bone abnormalities. Gelatin-Alginate (GA) is frequently employed as a carrier because it is non-toxic, biodegradable, and has a three-dimensional network structure. Meanwhile, cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) demonstrated high antioxidant enzyme simulation activity. Therefore, in order to develop a porous hydrogel scaffold for the application of bone tissue engineering, an appropriate-type GA-nCeO2 hydrogel scaffold was developed and evaluated. Methods GA-nCeO2 hydrogel scaffold was prepared by the lyophilized method and characterized. The surface morphology and cell adhesion of the scaffold were observed by the scanning electron microscope. CCK8 and live-dead staining methods were used to evaluate its biological safety and cell proliferation. Then the osteogenic differentiation in early and late stages was discussed. The expression of osteogenic genes was also detected by RT-PCR. Finally, a bone defect model was made in SD rats, and bone formation in vivo was detected. Results The results showed that GA-nCeO2 hydrogel scaffold exhibited a typical three-dimensional porous structure with a mean pore ratio of 70.61 ± 1.94%. The GA-nCeO2 hydrogel was successfully endowed with simulated enzyme activity including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) after the addition of nCeO2. Osteoblasts demonstrated superior cell proliferation and adhesion on composite scaffolds, and both mineralization test and gene expression demonstrated the strong osteogenic potential of GA-nCeO2 hydrogel. The outcomes of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson trichrome staining in the femoral defect model of SD rats further supported the scaffold's favorable biocompatibility and bone-promoting capacity. Conclusion Due to its favorable safety, degradability, and bone formation property, GA-nCeO2 hydrogel was anticipated to be used as a potential bone defect healing material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xujun Song
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian Mi
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Xia
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Bai
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Na Bai; Xue Li, Tel +86-15621438983, Email ;
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Yesil S, Ozdemir C, Arslan M, Gundogdu AC, Kavutcu M, Atan A. Protective effect of cerium oxide on testicular function and oxidative stress after torsion/detorsion in adult male rats. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:1. [PMID: 36561629 PMCID: PMC9748645 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion (T)/detorsion (D) can cause testicular injury due to the rotation of the spermatic cord and its vessels, therefore it represents an urological emergency that is surgically treated. Oxidative damage occurs in the testis and distant organs because of the overproduction of free radicals and overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines by reperfusion after surgery. Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles, a material also known as nanoceria, have regenerative antioxidant properties on oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of nanoceria on testis tissues in testicular T/D in rats. A total of 24 rats were equally and randomly divided into four groups: Control, CeO2, T/D and CeO2-T/D groups. Left inguinoscrotal incision was performed in the control group. In the CeO2 group, 0.5 mg/kg CeO2 was given intraperitoneally 30 min before inguinoscrotal incision. In the T/D group, unilateral testicular T/D was performed through an inguinoscrotal incision and rotating the left testis 720˚ clockwise, which was then left ischemic for 120 min, followed by 120 min of reperfusion. In the CeO2-T/D group, 0.5 mg/kg CeO2 was given intraperitoneally 30 min before testicular T/D. At the end of the experiment, testis tissues were removed for histopathological and biochemical examinations. The samples were histologically examined, Glutathione-s transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), paraoxonase (PON) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured via biochemical analysis methods, while the expression levels of p53, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected using immunohistochemistry. The present results revealed statistically significant inter-group differences in PON, CAT and GST activities and MDA levels. GST, CAT and PON activities were significantly higher, whereas MDA levels in the CeO2-T/D group were significantly lower compared with those in the T/D group. The T/D group had increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 expression levels in their seminiferous tubules compared with the control and CeO2 groups. CeO2 treatment led to downregulation of Bax and upregulation of Bcl-2. The expression of p53 was high in the T/D group compared with that in the control and CeO2 groups, and was upregulated in all germinal cells. However, compared with that in the T/D group, p53 expression was significantly decreased in the CeO2-T/D group. The testicular injury score significantly increased in the CeO2-T/D group compared with the control and CeO2 groups. Rats in the CeO2-T/D group demonstrated significantly milder tissue lesions compared with those in T/D group. The present findings indicated that nanoceria may protect testis in rats against the harmful effects of T/D. Further studies are required to evaluate how CeO2 reduces oxidative stress and cell death in testis tissue that underwent T/D-related injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Yesil
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cagri Ozdemir
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Arslan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey,Life Sciences Application and Research Center, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey,Correspondence to: Dr Mustafa Arslan, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 29 Besevler Road, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Cakir Gundogdu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Kutahya Health Sciences University, 43050 Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kavutcu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Atan
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Zhao H, Huang J, Huang L, Yang Y, Xiao Z, Chen Q, Huang Q, Ai K. Surface control approach for growth of cerium oxide on flower-like molybdenum disulfide nanosheets enables superior removal of uremic toxins. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 630:855-865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Rocha LSR, Simões AZ, Macchi C, Somoza A, Giulietti G, Ponce MA, Longo E. Synthesis and defect characterization of hybrid ceria nanostructures as a possible novel therapeutic material towards COVID-19 mitigation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3341. [PMID: 35228568 PMCID: PMC8885868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07200-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of hybrid nanostructures composed of cerium dioxide and microcrystalline cellulose prepared by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal route under distinct temperature and pH values. Their structural, morphological and spectroscopic behaviors were investigated by X-Rays Diffraction, Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscopy, High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Fourier-Transform Infrared, Ultraviolet–Visible, Raman and Positron Annihilation Lifetime spectroscopies to evaluate the presence of structural defects and their correlation with the underlying mechanism regarding the biocide activity of the studied material. The samples showed mean crystallite sizes around 10 nm, characterizing the formation of quantum dots unevenly distributed along the cellulose surface with a certain agglomeration degree. The samples presented the characteristic Ce–O vibration close to 450 cm−1 and a second-order mode around 1050 cm−1, which is indicative of distribution of localized energetic levels originated from defective species, essential in the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Positron spectroscopic studies showed first and second lifetime components ranging between 202–223 ps and 360–373 ps, respectively, revealing the presence of two distinct defective oxygen species, in addition to an increment in the concentration of Ce3+-oxygen vacancy associates as a function of temperature. Therefore, we have successfully synthesized hybrid nanoceria structures with potential multifunctional therapeutic properties to be further evaluated against the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S R Rocha
- Center for Research and Development of Functional Materials, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - A Z Simões
- School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá, SP, Brazil
| | - C Macchi
- CIFICEN (UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET) and Instituto de Física de Materiales Tandil (UNCPBA), Pinto 399, B7000GHG, Tandil, Argentina
| | - A Somoza
- CIFICEN (UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET) and Instituto de Física de Materiales Tandil (UNCPBA), Pinto 399, B7000GHG, Tandil, Argentina
| | - G Giulietti
- National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - M A Ponce
- National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - E Longo
- Center for Research and Development of Functional Materials, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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14
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Amaldoss MJN, Mehmood R, Yang J, Koshy P, Kumar N, Unnikrishnan A, Sorrell CC. Anticancer Therapeutic Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Known and Unknown Molecular Mechanisms. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3671-3694. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00334a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cerium-based nanoparticles (CeNPs), particularly cerium oxide (CeO2), have been studied extensively for their antioxidant and prooxidant properties. However, their complete redox and enzyme-mimetic mechanisms of therapeutic action at the molecular...
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15
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Gainanova AA, Kuz’micheva GM, Terekhova RP, Pashkin II, Trigub AL, Malysheva NE, Svetogorov RD, Alimguzina AR, Koroleva AV. New antimicrobial materials with cerium ions in the composition of salts, solutions, and composite systems based on Ce 3+(NO 3) 3 × 6H 2O. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03691f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial property against different bacteria with cerium oxide formation mainly depends on the content of Ce3+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raisa P. Terekhova
- Institute of Surgery named after A.V. Vishnevsky, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Hanna DH, R. Saad G. Induction of mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells by folic acid coated tin oxide nanoparticles. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258115. [PMID: 34597348 PMCID: PMC8486119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to prepare folic acid coated tin oxide nanoparticles (FA-SnO2 NPs) for specifically targeting human ovarian cancer cells with minimum side effects against normal cells. METHODS The prepared FA-SnO2 NPs were characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and TEM. The inhibition effects of FA-SnO2 NPs against SKOV3 cancer cell were tested by MTT and LDH assay. Apoptosis induction in FA-SnO2 NPs treated SKOV3 cells were investigated using Annexin V/PI, AO/EB and Comet assays and the possible mechanisms of the cytotoxic action were studied by Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, Immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting analyses. The effects of FA-SnO2 NPs on reactive oxygen species generation in SKOV3 cells were also examined. Additionally, the safety of utilization FA-SnO2 NPs were studied in vivo using Wister rats. RESULTS The obtained FA-SnO2 NPs displayed amorphous spherical morphology with an average diameter of 157 nm and a zeta potential value of -24 mV. Comparing to uncoated SnO2 NPs, FA-SnO2 NPs had a superior inhibition effect towards SKOV3 cell growth that was suggested to be mediated through higher reactive oxygen species generation. It was showed that FA-SnO2 NPs increased significantly the % of apoptotic cells in the sub- G1 and G2/M phases with a higher intensity comet nucleus in SKOV3 treated cells. Furthermore, FA-SnO2 NPs was significantly increased the expression levels of P53, Bax, and cleaved Caspase-3 and accompanied with a significant decrease of Bcl-2 in the treated SKOV3 cells. CONCLUSION Overall, the results suggested that an increase in cellular FA-SnO2 NPs internalization resulted in a significant induced cytotoxicity in SKOV3 cancer cells in dose-dependent mode through ROS-mediated cell apoptosis that may have occurred through mitochondrial pathway. Additionally, the results confirmed the safety of utilization FA-SnO2 NPs against living systems. So, FA-SnO2 NPs with a specific targeting moiety may be a promising therapeutic candidate for human ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demiana H. Hanna
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal R. Saad
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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17
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Shcherbakov AB, Reukov VV, Yakimansky AV, Krasnopeeva EL, Ivanova OS, Popov AL, Ivanov VK. CeO 2 Nanoparticle-Containing Polymers for Biomedical Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:924. [PMID: 33802821 PMCID: PMC8002506 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of advanced composite biomaterials combining the versatility and biodegradability of polymers and the unique characteristics of metal oxide nanoparticles unveils new horizons in emerging biomedical applications, including tissue regeneration, drug delivery and gene therapy, theranostics and medical imaging. Nanocrystalline cerium(IV) oxide, or nanoceria, stands out from a crowd of other metal oxides as being a truly unique material, showing great potential in biomedicine due to its low systemic toxicity and numerous beneficial effects on living systems. The combination of nanoceria with new generations of biomedical polymers, such as PolyHEMA (poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based hydrogels, electrospun nanofibrous polycaprolactone or natural-based chitosan or cellulose, helps to expand the prospective area of applications by facilitating their bioavailability and averting potential negative effects. This review describes recent advances in biomedical polymeric material practices, highlights up-to-the-minute cerium oxide nanoparticle applications, as well as polymer-nanoceria composites, and aims to address the question: how can nanoceria enhance the biomedical potential of modern polymeric materials?
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B. Shcherbakov
- Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Vladimir V. Reukov
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Interiors, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA;
| | - Alexander V. Yakimansky
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.Y.); (E.L.K.)
| | - Elena L. Krasnopeeva
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.Y.); (E.L.K.)
| | - Olga S. Ivanova
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (O.S.I.); (A.L.P.)
| | - Anton L. Popov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (O.S.I.); (A.L.P.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir K. Ivanov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (O.S.I.); (A.L.P.)
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18
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Kumaravel TS, Brabu B, Parthiban N, Murugan SS, Jha AN. 'Site of contact genotoxicity' assessment for implants - Potential use of single cell gel electrophoresis in biocompatibility testing of medical devices. Toxicol Lett 2021; 341:59-67. [PMID: 33548342 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Toxicological risk assessment of medical devices requires genotoxicity assessment as per ISO 10993, Part 3, which is designed to address gene mutations, clastogenicity and/or aneugenicity endpoints. 'Site of contact genotoxicity' is a potential genotoxic risk especially for medical implants, that is currently not addressed in biocompatibility standards. We therefore performed initial validation study on the use of alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) for detecting 'site of contact genotoxicity' of medical devices, using test items made of acrylic implants impregnated with ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS). Comet assay detected increased DNA migration at the site of implantation, but not in the liver. The same implants also failed to show any genotoxicity potentials, when tested on the standard test battery using Salmonella/microsome and chromosome aberration assays. The study suggested that some medical implants can cause 'site of contact genotoxicity', without producing systemic genotoxicity. In conclusion, comet assay will add new dimension to safety assessment of medical devices, and this assay can be added to the battery of genetic toxicology tests for evaluating biocompatibility of medical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Kumaravel
- GLR Laboratories (Europe) Pvt Ltd, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LZ, United Kingdom; GLR Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Chennai, 600068, India.
| | - B Brabu
- Department of Fiber Science & Apparel Design, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - N Parthiban
- GLR Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Chennai, 600068, India
| | - S S Murugan
- GLR Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Chennai, 600068, India
| | - A N Jha
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
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19
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D'Achille AE, Gonzalez-Rodriguez R, Campbell E, Lee BH, Coffer JL, Naumov AV. Rare-Earth-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanocubes for Biomedical Near-Infrared and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6971-6980. [PMID: 33320629 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence provides a new avenue for biomedical fluorescence imaging that allows for the tracking of fluorophore through several centimeters of biological tissue. However, such fluorophores are rare and, due to accumulation-derived toxicity, are often restricted from clinical applications. Deep tissue imaging not only provided by near-infrared fluorophores but also conventionally carried out by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) is also hampered by the toxicity of the contrast agents. This work offers a biocompatible imaging solution: cerium oxide (CeO2) nanocubes doped with ytterbium or neodymium, and co-doped with gadolinium, showing simultaneous potential for near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. A synthetic process described in this work allows for the stable incorporation of ytterbium or neodymium, both possessing emissive transitions in the NIR. As a biocompatible nanomaterial, the CeO2 nanocubes act as an ideal host material for doping, minimizing lanthanide fluorescence self-quenching as well as any potential toxicity associated with the dopants. The uptake of nanocubes by HeLa cells maximized at 12 h was monitored by hyperspectral imaging of the ytterbium or neodymium NIR emission, indicating the capacity of the lanthanide-doped nanocubes for in vitro and a potential for in vivo fluorescence imaging. The co-doped nanocubes demonstrate no significant loss of NIR emission intensity upon co-doping with 2 atomic % gadolinium and exhibit magnetic susceptibilities in the range of known negative contrast agents. However, a small increase to 6 atomic % gadolinium significantly affects the magnetic susceptibility ratio (r2/r1), shifting closer to the positive contrast range and suggesting the potential use of the CeO2 nanocube matrix doped with selected rare-earth ions as a tunable MRI contrast agent with NIR imaging capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E D'Achille
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Roberto Gonzalez-Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Elizabeth Campbell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298840, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Bong Han Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298840, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Jeffery L Coffer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Anton V Naumov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298840, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
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20
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Nemati A, Beyranvand F, Assadollahi V, Salahshoor MR, Alasvand M, Gholami MR. The effect of different concentrations of cerium oxide during pregnancy on ovarian follicle development in neonatal mice. Birth Defects Res 2020; 113:349-358. [PMID: 33283456 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cerium is a member of the rare metals group and widely used in drug delivery, gene therapy, molecular imaging and medicine. In this study, we investigated the effect of different doses of Cerium (IV) oxide (CeO2 ) during pregnancy on neonatal mice ovaries, as well as its effect on blood biochemical parameters. METHODS Thirty pregnant NMRI mice were divided into five groups: Control and 4 groups treated with CeO2 (10, 25, 80, 250 mg/kg.bw i.p) at the GD7 and GD14. The ovarian histological of neonatal (2 and 6 day-olds), as well as blood serum of neonates at 15-dpp were analyzed. RESULTS Count of ovarian primordial follicles in neonates at 2 dpp showed a significant decrease in the groups treated with 80 and 250 mg/kg.bw doses of CeO2 . There was also a significant decrease in ovarian primordial and primary follicles in neonates at 6-dpp at 250 mg/kg.bw doses of CeO2 in the control (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum levels of malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity between the experimental and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the effects of CeO2 on the ovarian tissue of neonatal mice during pregnancy may be dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Nemati
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Beyranvand
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Vahideh Assadollahi
- Cancer and Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Alasvand
- Cancer and Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Gholami
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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21
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Sadidi H, Hooshmand S, Ahmadabadi A, Javad Hosseini S, Baino F, Vatanpour M, Kargozar S. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria): Hopes in Soft Tissue Engineering. Molecules 2020; 25:E4559. [PMID: 33036163 PMCID: PMC7583868 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several biocompatible materials have been applied for managing soft tissue lesions; cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs, or nanoceria) are among the most promising candidates due to their outstanding properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic activities. Much attention should be paid to the physical properties of nanoceria, since most of its biological characteristics are directly determined by some of these relevant parameters, including the particle size and shape. Nanoceria, either in bare or functionalized forms, showed the excellent capability of accelerating the healing process of both acute and chronic wounds. The skin, heart, nervous system, and ophthalmic tissues are the main targets of nanoceria-based therapies, and the other soft tissues may also be evaluated in upcoming experimental studies. For the repair and regeneration of soft tissue damage and defects, nanoceria-incorporated film, hydrogel, and nanofibrous scaffolds have been proven to be highly suitable replacements with satisfactory outcomes. Still, some concerns have remained regarding the long-term effects of nanoceria administration for human tissues and organs, such as its clearance from the vital organs. Moreover, looking at the future, it seems necessary to design and develop three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds containing nanoceria for possible use in the concepts of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Sadidi
- General Surgery Department, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9176999311, Iran
| | - Sara Hooshmand
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadabadi
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9176999311, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine,, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Morvarid Vatanpour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
| | - Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran
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Balusamy B, Celebioglu A, Senthamizhan A, Uyar T. Progress in the design and development of "fast-dissolving" electrospun nanofibers based drug delivery systems - A systematic review. J Control Release 2020; 326:482-509. [PMID: 32721525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning has emerged as most viable approach for the fabrication of nanofibers with several beneficial features that are essential to various applications ranging from environment to biomedicine. The electrospun nanofiber based drug delivery systems have shown tremendous advancements over the controlled and sustained release complemented from their high surface area, tunable porosity, mechanical endurance, offer compatible environment for drug encapsulation, biocompatibility, high drug loading and tailorable release characteristics. The dosage formulation of poorly water-soluble drugs often faces several challenges including complete dissolution with maximum therapeutic efficiency over a short period of time especially through oral administration. In this context, challenges associated with the dosage formulation of poorly-water soluble drugs can be addressed through combining the beneficial features of electrospun nanofibers. This review describes major developments progressed in the preparation of electrospun nanofibers based "fast dissolving" drug delivery systems by employing variety of polymers, drug molecules and encapsulation approaches with primary focus on oral delivery. Furthermore, the review also highlights current scientific challenges and provide an outlook with regard to future prospectus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brabu Balusamy
- Department of Fiber Science & Apparel Design, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Asli Celebioglu
- Department of Fiber Science & Apparel Design, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Anitha Senthamizhan
- Department of Fiber Science & Apparel Design, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Tamer Uyar
- Department of Fiber Science & Apparel Design, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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23
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Hosseini M, Mozafari M. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Recent Advances in Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3072. [PMID: 32660042 PMCID: PMC7411590 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Submicron biomaterials have recently been found with a wide range of applications for biomedical purposes, mostly due to a considerable decrement in size and an increment in surface area. There have been several attempts to use innovative nanoscale biomaterials for tissue repair and tissue regeneration. One of the most significant metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), with numerous potential uses in future medicine, is engineered cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (CeONPs), also known as nanoceria. Although many advancements have been reported so far, nanotoxicological studies suggest that the nanomaterial's characteristics lie behind its potential toxicity. Particularly, physicochemical properties can explain the positive and negative interactions between CeONPs and biosystems at molecular levels. This review represents recent advances of CeONPs in biomedical engineering, with a special focus on tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In addition, a summary report of the toxicity evidence on CeONPs with a view toward their biomedical applications and physicochemical properties is presented. Considering the critical role of nanoengineering in the manipulation and optimization of CeONPs, it is expected that this class of nanoengineered biomaterials plays a promising role in the future of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motaharesadat Hosseini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1591634311, Iran;
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran 1449614535, Iran
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24
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Casals E, Zeng M, Parra-Robert M, Fernández-Varo G, Morales-Ruiz M, Jiménez W, Puntes V, Casals G. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Advances in Biodistribution, Toxicity, and Preclinical Exploration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907322. [PMID: 32329572 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant nanoparticles have recently gained tremendous attention for their enormous potential in biomedicine. However, discrepant reports of either medical benefits or toxicity, and lack of reproducibility of many studies, generate uncertainties delaying their effective implementation. Herein, the case of cerium oxide is considered, a well-known catalyst in the petrochemistry industry and one of the first antioxidant nanoparticles proposed for medicine. Like other nanoparticles, it is now described as a promising therapeutic alternative, now as threatening to health. Sources of these discrepancies and how this analysis helps to overcome contradictions found for other nanoparticles are summarized and discussed. For the context of this analysis, what has been reported in the liver is reviewed, where many diseases are related to oxidative stress. Since well-dispersed nanoparticles passively accumulate in liver, it represents a major testing field for the study of new nanomedicines and their clinical translation. Even more, many contradictory works have reported in liver either cerium-oxide-associated toxicity or protection against oxidative stress and inflammation. Based on this, finally, the intention is to propose solutions to design improved nanoparticles that will work more precisely in medicine and safely in society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eudald Casals
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Muling Zeng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Marina Parra-Robert
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Varo
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Departament of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales-Ruiz
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Departament of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Working Group for the Biochemical Assessment of Hepatic Disease-SEQC ML, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Wladimiro Jiménez
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Departament of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Víctor Puntes
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Gregori Casals
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Working Group for the Biochemical Assessment of Hepatic Disease-SEQC ML, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
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25
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Nyoka M, Choonara YE, Kumar P, Kondiah PPD, Pillay V. Synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Various Methods: Implications for Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E242. [PMID: 32013189 PMCID: PMC7075153 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles have been used in a number of non-medical products over the years. The therapeutic application of these nanoparticles has mainly been due to their oxidative stress ameliorating abilities. Their enzyme-mimetic catalytic ability to change between the Ce3+ and Ce4+ species makes them ideal for a role as free-radical scavengers for systemic diseases as well as neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we look at various methods of synthesis (including the use of stabilizing/capping agents and precursors), and how the synthesis method affects the physicochemical properties, their behavior in biological environments, their catalytic abilities as well as their reported toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutics Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; (M.N.); (Y.E.C.); (P.K.); (P.P.D.K.)
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26
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Mohammed AA, Pinna A, Li S, Sang T, Jones JR. Auto-catalytic redox polymerisation using nanoceria and glucose oxidase for double network hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:2834-2844. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02729g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel auto-catalytic reaction that utilizes both the redox properties of nanoceria and oxidoreductase properties of glucose oxidase to graft polymers on the surface of nanoceria in an open vessel to form double network hydrogel nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Siwei Li
- Department of Materials
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Tian Sang
- Department of Materials
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
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27
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Khorrami MB, Sadeghnia HR, Pasdar A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Riahi-Zanjani B, Hashemzadeh A, Zare M, Darroudi M. Antioxidant and toxicity studies of biosynthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles in rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2915-2926. [PMID: 31114200 PMCID: PMC6487897 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s194192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute toxic potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) synthesized by pullulan in adult male Wistar rats. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty male Wistar rats randomly were divided into five experimental groups of six animals each. The animals were received 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg CNPs for 14 consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized and histopathological evaluation of the liver and renal tissues, as well ass, the markers of serum oxidative stress including thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total sulfhydryl content, and antioxidant capacity (using ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay) were assessed. Hematological parameters and the activity of liver function enzymes were also measured. RESULTS The results of this study showed that CNPs caused no significant changes in the activity of liver enzymes, hepatic and renal histopathology and hematological parameters, while significantly improved serum redox status. CONCLUSION Acute administration of pullulan-mediated CNPs is safe and possess antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bagher Khorrami
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Social Security Organization, 17th Shahrivar Hospital, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,
| | - Alireza Pasdar
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Division of Applied Medicine, Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bamdad Riahi-Zanjani
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Hashemzadeh
- NanoBioEletrochemistry Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zare
- Social Security Organization, 17th Shahrivar Hospital, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,
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