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Lin DZ, Chang HI, Tsia KC, Chung YY. Low power density, high-efficiency reflective Raman system for polymer SERS substrates. RSC Adv 2024; 14:20879-20883. [PMID: 38957582 PMCID: PMC11217723 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03874f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful measurement method in the chemical analysis field. It is much superior to bulk Raman owing to the enhancement of signal sensitivity from the SERS substrate. Nevertheless, the delicate SERS substrates are overpriced, which results in the difficulty of universal measurements. Accordingly, opting for a substrate made of polymer material based on the nanoimprint technique shows great potential for low-cost and high-performance SERS substrates. However, due to its low heat conductivity, the polymer's thermal properties may cause heat to concentrate on the incident spot and damage the nanostructures or analytes. In this article, we proposed a novel design of the Reflective Raman (RR) system to reduce the input power density and maintain high collection efficiency at the same time. The proposed RR system was directly compared with a traditional micro Raman (μ-Raman) system and demonstrated its outstanding performance for low damage threshold analytes and SERS substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Zheng Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Heng-I Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Kai-Chun Tsia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ya Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taiwan Republic of China
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Xing X, Zhong W, Tang P, Tao Q, Lu X, Zhong L. Tracking intracellular nuclear targeted-chemotherapy of chidamide-loaded Prussian blue nanocarriers by SERS mapping. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 229:113469. [PMID: 37536167 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The novel histone deacetylase drug chidamide (CHI) has been proven to regulate gene expression associated with oncogenesis via epigenetic mechanisms. However, huge side effects such as non-targeting, poor intracellular accumulation and low nuclear entry efficiency severely restrict its therapeutic efficacy. Dual-targeted nanodrug delivery systems have been proposed as the solution. Herein, we developed a CHI-loaded drug delivery nanosystem based on Prussian blue (PB) nanocarrier, which combines surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tracking function with cancer cell/nuclear-targeted chemotherapy capability. With the property of background-free SERS mapping, PB nanocarriers can serve as tracking agents to localize intracellular CHI. The incorporation of targeted molecules specifically enhances the cancer cell/nuclear internalization and chemotherapeutic effects of CHI-loaded PB nanocarriers. In vitro cytotoxicity assay clearly shows that the constructed CHI-loaded PB nanocarriers have significant inhibitory on Jurkat cell proliferation. Furthermore, SERS spectral analysis of Jurkat cells incubated with the CHI-loaded PB nanocarriers reveals obvious features of cellular apoptosis: DNA skeleton fragmentation, chromatin depolymerization, histone acetylation, and nucleosome conformation change. Importantly, this CHI-loaded PB nanocarrier will provide a new insight for lymphoblastic leukemia targeted chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanqing Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Tang
- China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Tao
- China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxu Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liyun Zhong
- China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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Plasmonic hot spots reveal local conformational transitions induced by DNA double-strand breaks. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12158. [PMID: 35840615 PMCID: PMC9287445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are typical DNA lesions that can lead to cell death, translocations, and cancer-driving mutations. The repair process of DSBs is crucial to the maintenance of genomic integrity in all forms of life. However, the limitations of sensitivity and special resolution of analytical techniques make it difficult to investigate the local effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on DNA molecular structure. In this work, we exposed DNA to the anticancer antibiotic bleomycin (BLM), a damaging factor known to induce DSBs. We applied a multimodal approach combining (i) atomic force microscopy (AFM) for direct visualization of DSBs, (ii) surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to monitor local conformational transitions induced by DSBs, and (iii) multivariate statistical analysis to correlate the AFM and SERS results. On the basis of SERS results, we identified that bands at 1050 cm-1 and 730 cm-1 associated with backbone and nucleobase vibrations shifted and changed their intensities, indicating conformational modifications and strand ruptures. Based on averaged SERS spectra, the PLS regressions for the number of DSBs caused by corresponding molar concentrations of bleomycin were calculated. The strong correlation (R2 = 0.92 for LV = 2) between the predicted and observed number of DSBs indicates, that the model can not only predict the number of DSBs from the spectra but also detect the spectroscopic markers of DNA damage and the associated conformational changes.
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Decorating rare-earth fluoride upconversion nanoparticles on AuNRs@Ag core–shell structure for NIR light-mediated photothermal therapy and bioimaging. J RARE EARTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Revealing DNA Structure at Liquid/Solid Interfaces by AFM-Based High-Resolution Imaging and Molecular Spectroscopy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216476. [PMID: 34770895 PMCID: PMC8587808 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA covers the genetic information in all living organisms. Numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors may influence the local structure of the DNA molecule or compromise its integrity. Detailed understanding of structural modifications of DNA resulting from interactions with other molecules and surrounding environment is of central importance for the future development of medicine and pharmacology. In this paper, we review the recent achievements in research on DNA structure at nanoscale. In particular, we focused on the molecular structure of DNA revealed by high-resolution AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) imaging at liquid/solid interfaces. Such detailed structural studies were driven by the technical developments made in SPM (Scanning Probe Microscopy) techniques. Therefore, we describe here the working principles of AFM modes allowing high-resolution visualization of DNA structure under native (liquid) environment. While AFM provides well-resolved structure of molecules at nanoscale, it does not reveal the chemical structure and composition of studied samples. The simultaneous information combining the structural and chemical details of studied analyte allows achieve a comprehensive picture of investigated phenomenon. Therefore, we also summarize recent molecular spectroscopy studies, including Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS), on the DNA structure and its structural rearrangements.
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Lee JH, Shin HJ, Kim YD, Lim DK. Real-time surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based live cell monitoring of the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:3470-3480. [PMID: 36133723 PMCID: PMC9418680 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01076f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining molecular information on cells in real time has been a critical challenge in studying the interaction between molecules of interest and intracellular components. Fluorescence-based methods have long served as excellent tools to study such important interactions. In this paper, we introduce a Raman scattering-based method as a promising platform to achieve the real-time monitoring of subtle molecular changes occurring within cells. We found that the Raman scattering-based method enabled monitoring changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential at the single-cell level in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) protein, various chemicals (MgCl2, FCCP, and sodium pyruvate), and a non-chemical stimulus (i.e., light). The triphenylphosphine-modified gold nanoparticles were selectively localized in the mitochondria and showed the characteristic Raman spectrum of cytochrome C and other Raman spectra of molecular components inside the cell. The surface-enhanced Raman spectrum originating from mitochondria was sensitively changed over time when mitochondrial depolarization was induced by the addition of TNF-α, or chemicals known to induce mitochondrial depolarization. The Raman-based signal changes were well matched with results of the conventional fluorescence-based analysis. However, in contrast to the conventional approach, the Raman-based method enables monitoring such changes in real time and provides detailed molecular information in terms of the interaction of molecules. Therefore, these results highlight the possibility of surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based live cell analysis for future proteomics or drug-screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Shin
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul South Korea
| | - Yong Duk Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul South Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul South Korea
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Shen Y, Yue J, Xu W, Xu S. Recent progress of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for subcellular compartment analysis. Theranostics 2021; 11:4872-4893. [PMID: 33754033 PMCID: PMC7978302 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Organelles are involved in many cell life activities, and their metabolic or functional disorders are closely related to apoptosis, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and the development and metastasis of cancers. The explorations of subcellular structures, microenvironments, and their abnormal conditions are conducive to a deeper understanding of many pathological mechanisms, which are expected to achieve the early diagnosis and the effective therapy of diseases. Organelles are also the targeted locations of drugs, and they play significant roles in many targeting therapeutic strategies. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful analytical tool that can provide the molecular fingerprint information of subcellular compartments and the real-time cellular dynamics in a non-invasive and non-destructive way. This review aims to summarize the recent advances of SERS studies on subcellular compartments, including five parts. The introductions of SERS and subcellular compartments are given. SERS is promising in subcellular compartment studies due to its molecular specificity and high sensitivity, and both of which highly match the high demands of cellular/subcellular investigations. Intracellular SERS is mainly cataloged as the labeling and label-free methods. For subcellular targeted detections and therapies, how to internalize plasmonic nanoparticles or nanostructure in the target locations is a key point. The subcellular compartment SERS detections, SERS measurements of isolated organelles, investigations of therapeutic mechanisms from subcellular compartments and microenvironments, and integration of SERS diagnosis and treatment are sequentially presented. A perspective view of the subcellular SERS studies is discussed from six aspects. This review provides a comprehensive overview of SERS applications in subcellular compartment researches, which will be a useful reference for designing the SERS-involved therapeutic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jing Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
- Department of Molecular Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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Wang YN, Song D, Zhang WS, Xu ZR. Enhanced chemodynamic therapy at weak acidic pH based on g-C 3N 4-supported hemin/Au nanoplatform and cell apoptosis monitoring during treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 197:111437. [PMID: 33166930 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), inducing tumor cell apoptosis through Fenton reaction to produce hydroxyl radical (·OH), is an emerging cancer treatment technology. Highly efficient Fenton catalytic reactions usually take place at a low pH environment. Utilizing graphitic carbon nitride supported hemin and Au nanoparticles (g-C3N4/hemin/Au) as a novel biomimetic nanocatalyst, we achieve an enhanced CDT for inducing tumor cell apoptosis in the presence of excess H2O2, and reveal the molecular events during the CDT-induced apoptosis. The prepared g-C3N4/hemin/Au nanohybrids exhibit excellent Fenton catalytic activity for the generation of highly toxic ·OH at weak acidic and neutral condition, which breaks through the limitation of traditional acidity-dependent response. The Fenton catalytic mechanism was also studied. The Fenton efficiency is primarily enhanced by the high affinity between nanohybrids and H2O2, and the transformation of Fe(III) to Fe(IV)=O without the formation of iron hydrate precipitation. Moreover, the intracellular molecular events during the CDT process were monitored. Phenylalanine metabolism was perturbed with protein degradation and DNA structures were damaged, which eventually lead to cell apoptosis. This study provides a significant guidance for the further development of more effective CDT platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ning Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Dan Song
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Wen-Shu Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Zhang-Run Xu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
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Sofińska K, Wilkosz N, Szymoński M, Lipiec E. Molecular Spectroscopic Markers of DNA Damage. Molecules 2020; 25:E561. [PMID: 32012927 PMCID: PMC7037412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Every cell in a living organism is constantly exposed to physical and chemical factors which damage the molecular structure of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Cellular DNA lesions are the most dangerous because the genetic information, critical for the identity and function of each eukaryotic cell, is stored in the DNA. In this review, we describe spectroscopic markers of DNA damage, which can be detected by infrared, Raman, surface-enhanced Raman, and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopies, using data acquired from DNA solutions and mammalian cells. Various physical and chemical DNA damaging factors are taken into consideration, including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, chemicals, and chemotherapeutic compounds. All major spectral markers of DNA damage are presented in several tables, to give the reader a possibility of fast identification of the spectral signature related to a particular type of DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ewelina Lipiec
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (N.W.); or (M.S.)
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