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Cui Y, Fan S, Zhai Y, Liu Y, Li J, Hu J, Wang L. "Turn-on" and pinhole-free ultrathin core-shell Au@SiO 2 nanoparticle-based metal-enhanced fluorescent (MEF) chemodosimeter for Hg 2. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2319-2327. [PMID: 38694453 PMCID: PMC11059484 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00746d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
This study reports a metal-enhanced fluorescence chemodosimeter for highly sensitive detection of Hg2+ ions. Silica-coated Au nanoparticles (Au@SiO2 NPs) with a pinhole-free 4-5 nm shell were synthesized and functionalized with a monolayer of turn-on fluorescent probes. Compared to other organic fluorescent probes suffering from poor biocompatibility and detection limits, this design of a monolayer of turn-on fluorescent probes immobilized on the Au@SiO2 NPs with a pinhole-free 4-5 nm shell avoids fluorescence quenching and allows the fluorescent probe within the field of the inner Au NPs to experience metal-enhanced fluorescence. With this design, the chemodosimeter permits fluorescence emission in the presence of Hg2+ ions, because they trigger the ring-opening reaction of the fluorescent probe immobilized on the Au@SiO2 NPs. Additionally, the fluorescent probe is distanced by the thin SiO2 shell from directly attaching to the metallic Au NPs, which not only avoids fluorescence quenching but allows the fluorescent probe within the long-ranged field of the inner Au NPs to experience metal-enhanced fluorescence. As a result, the detection limit for the chemodosimeter can reach up to 5.0 × 10-11 M, nearly two orders of magnitude higher than that achieved for the free fluorescent probe. We also demonstrate the acquisition of images of Hg2+ in HTC116 cells and zebrafish using a simple fluorescence confocal imaging technique. The fluorescence response results for HTC116 cells and zebrafish show that the probes can permeate into cells and organisms. Considering the availability of the many organic fluorescent probes that have been designed, the current designed metal-enhanced fluorescence chemodosimeter holds great potential for fluorescence detection of diverse species and fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cui
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hengyang Normal University Hengyang 421001 PR China
| | - Shanji Fan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China Hengyang 421000 China
| | - Yunran Zhai
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China Hengyang 421000 China
| | - Junhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hengyang Normal University Hengyang 421001 PR China
| | - Jiawen Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
| | - Lijia Wang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center Hangzhou Zhejiang 310052 China
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Kumar Bag S, Karmakar M, Mondal B, Thakur A. Non-Conjugated Bis-(Dithienylethene)-Naphthalenediimide as a Dynamic Anti-Counterfeiting Agent: Driving the Wheel of Photoswitching Enactment. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301314. [PMID: 37262061 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Photochromic fluorescent molecules dramatically extend their fields of applications ranging from optical memories, bioimaging, photoswitches, photonic devices, anti-counterfeiting technology and many more. Here, we have logically designed and synthesized a triazole appended bis-(dithienylethene)-naphthalenediimide based photo-responsive material, 5, which demonstrated fluorescence enhancement property upon photocyclization (ΦF =0.42), with high photocyclization (44 s, ksolution =0.0355 s-1 , ksolid =0.0135 s-1 ) and photocycloreversion (160 s, ksolution =0.0181 s-1 , ksolid =0.0085 s-1 ) rate and decent photoreaction quantum yield (Φo→c =0.93 and Φc→o =0.11). The open isomer almost converted to the closed isomer at photo-stationary state (PSS) with distinct color change from colorless to blue with 92.85 % conversion yield. A reversible noninvasive modulation of fluorescence through efficient photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process was observed both in solution as well as in solid state. The fluorescence modulation through PET process was further corroborated with thermodynamic calculations using the Rehm-Weller equation and quantum chemical studies (DFT). The thermally stable compound 5 exhibits high fatigue resistance property (up to 50 cycles) both in solution and solid state. Furthermore, the compound 5 was successfully applied as erasable ink and in deciphering secret codes (Quick Response/bar code) portending potential promising application in anti-counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Kumar Bag
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Manisha Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Bijan Mondal
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universität Strasse 31, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Arunabha Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India
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Cheng HB, Zhang S, Bai E, Cao X, Wang J, Qi J, Liu J, Zhao J, Zhang L, Yoon J. Future-Oriented Advanced Diarylethene Photoswitches: From Molecular Design to Spontaneous Assembly Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108289. [PMID: 34866257 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diarylethene (DAE) photoswitch is a new and promising family of photochromic molecules and has shown superior performance as a smart trigger in stimulus-responsive materials. During the past few decades, the DAE family has achieved a leap from simple molecules to functional molecules and developed toward validity as a universal switching building block. In recent years, the introduction of DAE into an assembly system has been an attractive strategy that enables the photochromic behavior of the building blocks to be manifested at the level of the entire system, beyond the DAE unit itself. This assembly-based strategy will bring many unexpected results that promote the design and manufacture of a new generation of advanced materials. Here, recent advances in the design and fabrication of diarylethene as a trigger in materials science, chemistry, and biomedicine are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Enying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Ji Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
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Wei H, Zeng Y, Li Q, Zheng X. Suppression of reversible photocyclization reaction induced fluorescence enhancement: a theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:25487-25494. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03448d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence intensity of SIP-2 and DPI under different environments are mainly related to the competition between the PC reaction and aggregation induced restriction of phenyl ring rotational motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Quansong Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates (South China University of Technology), Guangzhou 510640, China
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5
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Chen S, Chen L, Cai Y, Zhu WH. Photoswitchable Fluorescent Self-Assembled Metallacycles with High Photostability. Chemistry 2021; 27:5240-5245. [PMID: 33442888 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, photoswitchable fluorescent supramolecular metallacycles with high fatigue-resistance have been constructed by coordination-driven self-assembly by using bithienylethene with dipyridyl units (BTE) as a coordination donor and a fluorescent di-platinum(II) (Pt-F) as a coordination acceptor. The photo-triggered reversible transformation between the ring-open and ring-closed form of the metallacycles was confirmed by 1 H NMR, 31 P NMR, and UV/Vis spectroscopy. This unique property enabled a reversible noninvasive "off-on" switching of fluorescence through efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Importantly, the metallacycles remained structurally intact after up to 10 photoswitching cycles. The photoresponsive property and exceptional photostability of the metallacycles posit their potential promising application in optical switching, image storage, and super-resolution microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Chen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yunsong Cai
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry, and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry, and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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Mantero MC, Oggioni L, Pariani G, Ortica F, Tosi S, Canepa M, Bertarelli C, Tommasini M, Bianco A. High response photochromic films based on D-A diarylethenes and their application in holography. RSC Adv 2020; 10:26177-26187. [PMID: 35519783 PMCID: PMC9055363 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05535b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of photochromic dithienylethenes bearing amino and nitro groups are synthesised and embedded at high concentrations in a polymer matrix (Cellulose Acetate Butyrate, CAB) to produce films showing a large reversible modulation of the complex refractive index in the Vis-NIR spectral range, thanks to an interesting combination of remarkable response at the molecular level and very high load capability in the chosen matrix. The photochromic derivatives are characterized in solution and in CAB films by means of electronic and vibrational spectroscopy, complemented by DFT calculations. Both the real and imaginary part of the refractive index are determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The modulation of the refractive index in the near infrared is in the range 0.02–0.04. These are very large values for such kinds of systems and they are due to a favourable combination of very large solubility of the derivatives in CAB and a high polarisability change. As for the change in transparency in the visible, contrast values larger than 103 are easily achieved. Based on such films, holograms are written and reconstructed with a very high fidelity and efficiency. Photochromic diarylethenes with D–A structure are good candidates in holography thanks to their very large modulation of the complex refractive index.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Oggioni
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Via Bianchi 46 23807 Merate Italy
| | - Giorgio Pariani
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Via Bianchi 46 23807 Merate Italy
| | - Fausto Ortica
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università Degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 Perugia 06123 Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Perugia Via Pascoli Perugia 06123 Italy
| | - Silvano Tosi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova 16146 Italy.,INFN, Sezione di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova 16146 Italy
| | - Maurizio Canepa
- OPTMATLAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova 16146 Italy
| | - Chiara Bertarelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy.,Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Pascoli 10 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Via Bianchi 46 23807 Merate Italy
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7
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Ikariko I, Hashimoto T, Kim S, Kurihara S, Ito F, Fukaminato T. Synthesis and fluorescence photoswitching of a diarylethene derivative having a dibenzoylmethanato boron difluoride complex. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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8
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Kono L, Nakagawa Y, Fujimoto A, Nishimura R, Hattori Y, Mutai T, Yasuda N, Koizumi K, Yokojima S, Nakamura S, Uchida K. Aggregation-induced emission effect on turn-off fluorescent switching of a photochromic diarylethene. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2204-2212. [PMID: 31598177 PMCID: PMC6774079 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diarylethenes are well-known photochromic compounds, which undergo cyclization and cycloreversion reactions between open- and closed-ring isomers. Recently, diarylethene derivatives with photoswitchable fluorescent properties were prepared. They are applicable for fluorescence imaging including bio-imaging. On the other hand, a new system called “excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)” is reported. In the system, absorption and emission bands are largely separated due to the proton transfer, hence it showed strong fluorescence even in the crystalline state. We aimed to construct the photochromic system incorporating the ESIPT mechanism. Results: A diarylethene incorporating a fluorescent moiety that exhibit ESIPT behavior was prepared. The ESIPT is one of the examples which express the mechanisms of aggregation-induced emission (AIE). This compound emits orange fluorescence with a large Stokes shift derived from ESIPT in aprotic solvents such as THF or hexane, while it exhibits only a photochromic reaction in protic solvents such as methanol. In addition, it shows turn-off type fluorescence switching in an aprotic solvent and in crystals. The fluorescence is quenched as the content of closed-ring isomers increases upon UV light irradiation. Conclusions: A diarylethene containing an ESIPT functional group was prepared. It showed fluorescent turn-off behavior during photochromism in aprotic solvents as well as in crystalline state upon UV light irradiation. Furthermore, it showed AIE in THF/water mixtures with blue-shift of the emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Kono
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Yuma Nakagawa
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Ayako Fujimoto
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishimura
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Yohei Hattori
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mutai
- Department of Materials and Environmental Science, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yasuda
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198 Japan
| | - Kenichi Koizumi
- Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokojima
- Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kingo Uchida
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan.,Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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