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Pandey A, Kumar N. Tracing the transition from covalent to non-covalent functionalization of pyrene through C-, N-, and O-based ionic and radical substrates using quantum mechanical calculations. RSC Adv 2023; 13:14119-14130. [PMID: 37188257 PMCID: PMC10177222 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01457f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrene is one of the widely investigated aromatic hydrocarbons given its unique optical and electronic properties. Modulating inherent characteristics of pyrene via covalent or non-covalent functionalization has been attractive for a wide variety of advanced biomedical and other device applications. In this study, we have reported the functionalization of pyrene via C, N, and O based ionic and radical substrates, and emphasized the transition of covalent to non-covalent functionalization through making the modulation in the substrate. As expected, strong interactions were observed for cationic substrates, however, anionic substrates also exhibited a competitive binding strength. For instance, methyl and phenyl substituted CH3 complexes exhibited IEs in the range of -17 kcal mol-1 to -127 kcal mol-1 and -14 kcal mol-1 to -95 kcal mol-1 and for cationic and anionic substrates, respectively. The analysis of topological parameters showed that un-substituted cationic, anionic, and radical substrates interact with pyrene via covalent interactions, and further become non-covalent upon methylation and phenylation of the substrates. In cationic complexes, the polarisation component is observed to be dominating the interactions, whereas highly competitive contributions from polarization and exchange components were observed in anionic and radical complexes. The contribution of the dispersion component increases with an increase in the degree of methylation and phenylation of the substrate, and starts dominating once the interactions become non-covalent in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesh Pandey
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat 785006 Assam India
| | - Nandan Kumar
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat 785006 Assam India
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Campisi D, Lamberts T, Dzade NY, Martinazzo R, ten Kate IL, Tielens AGGM. Interaction of Aromatic Molecules with Forsterite: Accuracy of the Periodic DFT-D4 Method. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:2770-2781. [PMID: 33784098 PMCID: PMC8154625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) has provided deep atomic-level insights into the adsorption behavior of aromatic molecules on solid surfaces. However, modeling the surface phenomena of large molecules on mineral surfaces with accurate plane wave methods (PW) can be orders of magnitude more computationally expensive than localized atomic orbitals (LCAO) methods. In the present work, we propose a less costly approach based on the DFT-D4 method (PBE-D4), using LCAO, to study the interactions of aromatic molecules with the {010} forsterite (Mg2SiO4) surface for their relevance in astrochemistry. We studied the interaction of benzene with the pristine {010} forsterite surface and with transition-metal cations (Fe2+ and Ni2+) using PBE-D4 and a vdW-inclusive density functional (Dion, Rydberg, Schröder, Langreth, and Lundqvist (DRSLL)) with LCAO methods. PBE-D4 shows good agreement with coupled-cluster methods (CCSD(T)) for the binding energy trend of cation complexes and with PW methods for the binding energy of benzene on the forsterite surface with a difference of about 0.03 eV. The basis set superposition error (BSSE) correction is shown to be essential to ensure a correct estimation of the binding energies even when large basis sets are employed for single-point calculations of the optimized structures with smaller basis sets. We also studied the interaction of naphthalene and benzocoronene on pristine and transition-metal-doped {010} forsterite surfaces as a test case for PBE-D4. Yielding results that are in good agreement with the plane wave methods with a difference of about 0.02-0.17 eV, the PBE-D4 method is demonstrated to be effective in unraveling the binding structures and the energetic trends of aromatic molecules on pristine and transition-metal-doped forsterite mineral surfaces. Furthermore, PBE-D4 results are in good agreement with its predecessor PBE-D3(BJM) and with the vdW-inclusive density functionals, as long as transition metals are not involved. Hence, PBE-D4/CP-DZP has been proven to be a robust theory level to study the interaction of aromatic molecules on mineral surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Campisi
- Leiden
Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thanja Lamberts
- Leiden
Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300
RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nelson Y. Dzade
- Cardiff
University, Main Building, Park Place, CF10 3AT Cardiff, U.K.
| | - Rocco Martinazzo
- Department
of Chemistry, Universitá degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Inge Loes ten Kate
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Feng L, Wang T, Jia H, Huang J, Han D, Zhang W, Ding H, Xu Q, Du P, Zhu J. On-surface synthesis of planar acenes via regioselective aryl-aryl coupling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4890-4893. [PMID: 32236253 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01043j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 2,2'-dibromo-biphenyl on a Ag(111) surface leads to the formation of planar acenes with a high-regioselectivity rather than nonplanar saddle-shaped tetraphenylene as the typical product in solution chemistry. The regioselective aryl-aryl coupling reaction is attributed to the hydrogen repulsion between the reactants on the confined two-dimensional surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Feng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics and Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics and Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China.
| | - Hongxing Jia
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Jianmin Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics and Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China.
| | - Dong Han
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics and Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China.
| | - Wenzhao Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics and Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China.
| | - Honghe Ding
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics and Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China.
| | - Qian Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics and Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China.
| | - Pingwu Du
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics and Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China.
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Campisi D, Simonsen FDS, Thrower JD, Jaganathan R, Hornekær L, Martinazzo R, Tielens AGGM. Superhydrogenation of pentacene: the reactivity of zigzag-edges. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1557-1565. [PMID: 31872819 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05440e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Investigating the hydrogenation of carbonaceous materials is of interest in a wide range of research areas including electronic device development, hydrogen storage, and, in particular, astrocatalytic formation of molecular hydrogen in the universe. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in space, locking up close to 15% of the elementary carbon. We have used thermal desorption measurements to study the hydrogenation sequence of pentacene from adding one additional H to the fully hydrogenated pentacene species. The experiments reveal that hydrogenated species with an even number of excess H atoms are highly preferred over hydrogenated species with an odd number of H atoms. In addition, the experiments show that specific hydrogenation states of pentacene with 2, 4, 6, 10, 16 and 22 extra H atoms are preferred over other even numbers. We have investigated the structural stability and activation energy barriers for the superhydrogenation of pentacene using Density Functional Theory. The results reveal a preferential hydrogenation pattern set by the activation energy barriers of the hydrogenation steps. Based on these studies, we formulate simple concepts governing the hydrogenation that apply equally well for different PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Campisi
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | - John D Thrower
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rijutha Jaganathan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Liv Hornekær
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark and Interdisciplinary Nano-Science Centre (iNano), Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Rocco Martinazzo
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Pla P, Wang Y, Martín F, Alcamí M. Hydrogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: isomerism and aromaticity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:21968-21976. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04177g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple model based on adjacency matrices is introduced to study the stability of hydrogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Aromaticity governs their relative stability having the most stable isomers the higher number of non-hydrogenated rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pla
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
| | - Fernando Martín
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia)
| | - Manuel Alcamí
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia)
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