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Reale M, Sciortino A, Cannas M, Maçoas E, David AHG, Cruz CM, Campaña AG, Messina F. Atomically Precise Distorted Nanographenes: The Effect of Different Edge Functionalization on the Photophysical Properties down to the Femtosecond Scale. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:835. [PMID: 36676571 PMCID: PMC9867459 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanographenes (NGs) have been attracting widespread interest since they combine peculiar properties of graphene with molecular features, such as bright visible photoluminescence. However, our understanding of the fundamental properties of NGs is still hampered by the high degree of heterogeneity usually characterizing most of these materials. In this context, NGs obtained by atomically precise synthesis routes represent optimal benchmarks to unambiguously relate their properties to well-defined structures. Here we investigate in deep detail the optical response of three curved hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivatives obtained by atomically precise synthesis routes. They are constituted by the same graphenic core, characterized by the presence of a heptagon ring determining a saddle distortion of their sp2 network, and differ from each other for slightly different edge functionalization. The quite similar structure allows for performing a direct comparison of their spectroscopic features, from steady-state down to the femtosecond scale, and precisely disentangling the role played by the different edge chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reale
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica—Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Sciortino
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica—Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
- Advanced Technologies Network Center, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 18/A, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Cannas
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica—Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ermelinda Maçoas
- Centro de Química Estrutural e Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa (Portugal), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Arthur H. G. David
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Unidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ), Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Cruz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Unidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ), Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Araceli G. Campaña
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Unidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ), Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Messina
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica—Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
- Advanced Technologies Network Center, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 18/A, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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2
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Francés-Monerris A, Carmona-García J, Trabelsi T, Saiz-Lopez A, Lyons JR, Francisco JS, Roca-Sanjuán D. Photochemical and thermochemical pathways to S 2 and polysulfur formation in the atmosphere of Venus. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4425. [PMID: 35907911 PMCID: PMC9338966 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32170-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysulfur species have been proposed to be the unknown near-UV absorber in the atmosphere of Venus. Recent work argues that photolysis of one of the (SO)2 isomers, cis-OSSO, directly yields S2 with a branching ratio of about 10%. If correct, this pathway dominates polysulfur formation by several orders of magnitude, and by addition reactions yields significant quantities of S3, S4, and S8. We report here the results of high-level ab-initio quantum-chemistry computations that demonstrate that S2 is not a product in cis-OSSO photolysis. Instead, we establish a novel mechanism in which S2 is formed in a two-step process. Firstly, the intermediate S2O is produced by the coupling between the S and Cl atmospheric chemistries (in particular, SO reaction with ClS) and in a lesser extension by O-abstraction reactions from cis-OSSO. Secondly, S2O reacts with SO. This modified chemistry yields S2 and subsequent polysulfur abundances comparable to the photolytic cis-OSSO mechanism through a more plausible pathway. Ab initio quantification of the photodissociations at play fills a critical data void in current atmospheric models of Venus. Polysulfur compounds have been ascribed as the unknown near-UV absorbers in Venusian atmosphere and play a key role in the sulfur chemical cycle of this planet. Here, authors establish their production from (SO)2 on the grounds of quantifications of photochemical and thermal pathways involved in the sulfur chemical cycle of the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Carmona-García
- Institut de Ciència Molecular, Universitat de València, 46071, València, Spain.,Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tarek Trabelsi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Daniel Roca-Sanjuán
- Institut de Ciència Molecular, Universitat de València, 46071, València, Spain.
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3
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Posenitskiy E, Spiegelman F, Lemoine D. On application of deep learning to simplified quantum-classical dynamics in electronically excited states. MACHINE LEARNING: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-2153/abfe3f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Deep learning (DL) is applied to simulate non-adiabatic molecular dynamics of phenanthrene, using the time-dependent density functional based tight binding (TD-DFTB) approach for excited states combined with mixed quantum–classical propagation. Reference calculations rely on Tully’s fewest-switches surface hopping (FSSH) algorithm coupled to TD-DFTB, which provides electronic relaxation dynamics in fair agreement with various available experimental results. Aiming at describing the coupled electron-nuclei dynamics in large molecular systems, we then examine the combination of DL for excited-state potential energy surfaces (PESs) with a simplified trajectory surface hopping propagation based on the Belyaev–Lebedev (BL) scheme. We start to assess the accuracy of the TD-DFTB approach upon comparison of the optical spectrum with experimental and higher-level theoretical results. Using the recently developed SchNetPack (Schütt et al 2019 J. Chem. Theory Comput.
15 448–55) for DL applications, we train several models and evaluate their performance in predicting excited-state energies and forces. Then, the main focus is given to the analysis of the electronic population of low-lying excited states computed with the aforementioned methods. We determine the relaxation timescales and compare them with experimental data. Our results show that DL demonstrates its ability to describe the excited-state PESs. When coupled to the simplified BL scheme considered in this study, it provides reliable description of the electronic relaxation in phenanthrene as compared with either the experimental data or the higher-level FSSH/TD-DFTB theoretical results. Furthermore, the DL performance allows high-throughput analysis at a negligible cost.
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Carmona-García J, Francés-Monerris A, Cuevas CA, Trabelsi T, Saiz-Lopez A, Francisco JS, Roca-Sanjuán D. Photochemistry and Non-adiabatic Photodynamics of the HOSO Radical. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10836-10841. [PMID: 34270223 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxysulfinyl radical (HOSO) is important due to its involvement in climate geoengineering upon SO2 injection and generation of the highly hygroscopic H2SO4. Its photochemical behavior in the upper atmosphere is, however, uncertain. Here we present the ultraviolet-visible photochemistry and photodynamics of this species by simulating the atmospheric conditions with high-level quantum chemistry methods. Photocleavage to HO + SO arises as the major solar-induced channel, with a minor contribution of H + SO2 photoproducts. The efficient generation of SO is relevant due to its reactivity with O3 and the consequent depletion of ozone in the stratosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Carmona-García
- Institut de Ciència Molecular, Universitat de València, València 46071, Spain.,Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Antonio Francés-Monerris
- Departament de Química Física, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.,Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Carlos A Cuevas
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Tarek Trabelsi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daniel Roca-Sanjuán
- Institut de Ciència Molecular, Universitat de València, València 46071, Spain
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5
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Nazari Haghighi Pashaki M, Mosimann-Schönbächler N, Riede A, Gazzetto M, Rondi A, Cannizzo A. Two-dimensional ultrafast transient absorption spectrograph covering deep-ultraviolet to visible spectral region optimized for biomolecules. JPHYS PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/ac0805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
We report on the implementation of a multi-kHz single-shot referenced non-coherent two-dimensional UV spectrograph based on conventional pump-probe geometry. It has the capability to cover a broad spectral region in excitation from 270-to-380 nm and in the detection from 270-to-390 nm and 320-to-720 nm. Other setups features are: an unprecedented time resolution of 33 fs (standard deviation); signals are photometrically corrected; a single-shot noise of <1 mOD. It has the capability to operate with sample volumes as small as few μl which is an accomplishment in studying biological or biomimetic systems. To show its performances and potentials, we report two preliminary studies on the photophysics of phenanthrenes hosted in a multichromophoric antenna system and of aromatic amino acids in a blue-copper azurin.
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Gazzetto M, Artizzu F, Attar SS, Marchiò L, Pilia L, Rohwer EJ, Feurer T, Deplano P, Cannizzo A. Anti-Kasha Conformational Photoisomerization of a Heteroleptic Dithiolene Metal Complex Revealed by Ultrafast Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10687-10693. [PMID: 33320003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the anti-Kasha photochemistry and anti-Kasha emission of d8-metal donor-acceptor dithiolene with femtosecond UV-vis transient absorption spectroscopy and molecular modeling. Experimentally, we found a lifetime of 1.4 ps for higher excited states, which is exceptionally long when compared to typical values for internal conversion (IC) (10 s of fs or less). Consequently, a substantial emission originates from the second excited state. Molecular modeling suggests this to be a consequence of the spatially separated molecular orbitals of the first and second excited states, which gives a charge transfer character to the IC. More surprisingly, we found that the inherent flexibility of the molecule allows the metal complex to access different configurations depending on the photoexcited state. We believe that this unique manifestation of anti-Kasha photoinduced conformational isomerization is facilitated by the exceptionally long lifetime of the second excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Gazzetto
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Flavia Artizzu
- L3-Luminescent Lanthanide Lab, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-Building S3, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Salahuddin S Attar
- Department of Chemical and Soil Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luciano Marchiò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Pilia
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Università di Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Egmont J Rohwer
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Feurer
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paola Deplano
- Department of Chemical and Soil Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Cannizzo
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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7
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Chen WC, Cheng YC. Elucidating the Magnitude of Internal Reorganization Energy of Molecular Excited States from the Perspective of Transition Density. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:7644-7657. [PMID: 32864966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c06482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying vibronic couplings in molecular excited states is crucial for the elucidation of a broad range of photophysical phenomena. In this study, we compare different theoretical approaches for the calculation of reorganization energy, a measure of vibronic coupling strength, and provide a rigorous derivation to show that molecular transition density characterizing electron-hole excitation could be used to quantify the magnitude of reorganization energy. The theory enables a descriptor based on molecular-orbital coefficients and atomic transition densities to quantify the magnitude of reorganization energies in molecular excited states. Applying the approach to low-lying excited states of polyacenes, we demonstrate that transition density distribution explains the difference in the magnitude of the reorganization energy of different excited states. Furthermore, to clarify the applicability of the transition density descriptor in molecular design for small-reorganization energy molecules, we investigate a broad range of molecular chromophores to show the effectiveness of the proposed theory. With this perspective on the relationship between reorganization energy and transition density, we successfully provide a quantitative rule to identify π-conjugated systems with small reorganization energy in the excited state, which should be useful for the development of novel optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yuan-Chung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
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8
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Bürki N, Grossenbacher E, Cannizzo A, Feurer T, Langenegger SM, Häner R. DNA-organized artificial LHCs - testing the limits of chromophore segmentation. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6818-6822. [PMID: 32936197 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01531h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA-organized multi-chromophoric systems containing phenanthrene and pyrene derivatives exhibit a highly efficient excitation energy transfer from phenanthrene (donor) to pyrene (acceptor). The energy transfer also occurs if the phenanthrene antenna is interrupted by intervening DNA base pairs. Artificial light-harvesting complexes composed of up to five phenanthrene-DNA alternations with fluorescence quantum yields as high as 68% are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutcha Bürki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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9
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Jevric J, Langenegger SM, Häner R. Light-Harvesting Supramolecular Polymers: Energy Transfer to Various Polyaromatic Acceptors. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Jevric
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Langenegger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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10
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Anand N, Nag P, Kanaparthi RK, Vennapusa SR. O-H vibrational motions promote sub-50 fs nonadiabatic dynamics in 3-hydroxypyran-4-one: interplay between internal conversion and ESIPT. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:8745-8756. [PMID: 32282004 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00741b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical study is used to explore the involvement of O-H vibrational motions in the S0 → S2 photoinduced dynamics of 3-hydroxypyran-4-one (3-HOX). Two transitions, S0 → S1 and S0 → S2, are attributed to the experimentally observed electronic absorption spectral features in the range of 3.5-5.5 eV. We compute model potential energy surfaces of vibronically coupled S1 (nπ*) and S2 (ππ*) states with the aid of extensive electronic structure calculations. The S1-S2 conical intersection is characterized in the O-H bend and O-H stretch vibrational coordinate space. Quantum wavepacket dynamics simulations reveal an ultrafast S2 → S1 internal conversion decay, where about 90% of the S2 population disappears within the first 50 fs of the propagation time. The participation of O-H vibrational motions in the early events of nonadiabatic dynamics is analyzed based on the time evolution of nuclear densities on S2. We discuss the implications of these observations to provide fundamental insights into the nonadiabatic excited-state intramolecular proton transfer in 3-HOX and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neethu Anand
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Maruthamala P.O, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram-695551, Kerala, India.
| | - Probal Nag
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Maruthamala P.O, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram-695551, Kerala, India.
| | - Ravi Kumar Kanaparthi
- Department Of Chemistry, School Of Physical Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, Kerala - 671320, India.
| | - Sivaranjana Reddy Vennapusa
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Maruthamala P.O, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram-695551, Kerala, India.
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11
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Francés‐Monerris A, Carmona‐García J, Acuña AU, Dávalos JZ, Cuevas CA, Kinnison DE, Francisco JS, Saiz‐Lopez A, Roca‐Sanjuán D. Photodissociation Mechanisms of Major Mercury(II) Species in the Atmospheric Chemical Cycle of Mercury. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Francés‐Monerris
- Université de LorraineCNRS, LPCT 54000 Nancy France
- Departamento de Química FísicaUniversitat de València 46100 Burjassot Spain
| | | | - A. Ulises Acuña
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and ClimateInstitute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Juan Z. Dávalos
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and ClimateInstitute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Carlos A. Cuevas
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and ClimateInstitute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 28006 Madrid Spain
| | | | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Alfonso Saiz‐Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and ClimateInstitute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 28006 Madrid Spain
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12
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Francés‐Monerris A, Carmona‐García J, Acuña AU, Dávalos JZ, Cuevas CA, Kinnison DE, Francisco JS, Saiz‐Lopez A, Roca‐Sanjuán D. Photodissociation Mechanisms of Major Mercury(II) Species in the Atmospheric Chemical Cycle of Mercury. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7605-7610. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Francés‐Monerris
- Université de LorraineCNRS, LPCT 54000 Nancy France
- Departamento de Química FísicaUniversitat de València 46100 Burjassot Spain
| | | | - A. Ulises Acuña
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and ClimateInstitute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Juan Z. Dávalos
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and ClimateInstitute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Carlos A. Cuevas
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and ClimateInstitute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 28006 Madrid Spain
| | | | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Alfonso Saiz‐Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and ClimateInstitute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 28006 Madrid Spain
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