1
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Liang P, Yang H, Wang Y. Elucidating the mechanism and origin of stereoselectivity in the activation/transformation of an acetic ester catalyzed by an N-heterocyclic carbene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4320-4328. [PMID: 38234281 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05581g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The activation of an ester by N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis is an efficient and important approach for generating an NHC-bound enolate intermediate, an important active intermediate in the transformation of carbonyl compounds. Herein, we perform a theoretical study on the NHC-catalyzed activation and transformation reaction of an acetic ester in which the NHC-bound enolate intermediate is a key intermediate. Multiple activation and transformation pathways are proposed and analyzed to identify an energetically favorable pathway. The use of different substrates for the reaction is considered. When a chalcone substrate is used, [4+2] cycloaddition between the enolate intermediate and the chalcone is identified to be both the rate- and stereoselectivity-determining step for the reaction, with the R-configured product being generated as the major isomer. Noncovalent interaction (NCI) and atoms-in-molecules (AIM) analyses are performed to identify the origin of the stereoselectivity of the reaction, and a local reactivity analysis is conducted to explore substrate and catalyst effects on the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingxin Liang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 136 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Haoran Yang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 136 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 136 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China.
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2
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Li Y, Zhang M, Zhang Z. Mechanisms and Stereoselectivities in the NHC-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation of 2-Bromoenal and 6-Methyluracil-5-carbaldehyde. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12997-13008. [PMID: 37642149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
To disclose the reaction mechanism and selectivity in the NHC-catalyzed reaction of 2-bromoenal and 6-methyluracil-5-carbaldehyde, a systematic computational study has been performed. According to DFT computations, the catalytic cycle is divided into eight elementary steps: nucleophilic attack of the NHC on 2-bromoenal, 1,2-proton transfer, C-Br bond dissociation, 1,3-proton transfer, addition to 6-methyluracil-5-carbaldehyde, [2 + 2] cycloaddition, NHC dissociation, and decarboxylation. The Bronsted acid DABCO·H+ plays a crucial role in proton transfer and decarboxylation steps. The addition to 6-methyluracil-5-carbaldehyde determines both chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity, leading to R-configured carbocycle-fused uracil, in agreement with experimental results. NCI analysis indicates that the CH···N, CH···π, and LP···π interactions should be the key factor for determining the stereoselectivity. ELF analysis shows the main role of the NHC in promoting C-Br bond dissociation. The mechanistic insights obtained in the present work may guide the rational design of potential NHC catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China
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3
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Shen J, Zhang Y, Xue Y. Theoretical Insights into Enantioselective [3 + 2] Cycloaddition between Cinnamaldehyde and Cyclic N-Sulfonyl Trifluoromethylated Ketimine Catalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbene. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:3124-3134. [PMID: 35549275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c00900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The density functional theory (DFT) method was used to investigate the mechanism and the origin of stereoselectivity of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition between enals and cyclic imine N-sulfonyl trifluoromethyl ketimines at the M06-2X/SMD/6-311+G(d,p)//M06-2X/SMD/6-31G (d,p) level. The results show that the favorable reaction path consists of five steps: nucleophilic attack, proton transfer, the formation of the C-C bond, the tautomerism of the enol intermediate, the formation of the five-membered ring, and the regeneration of the catalyst. For the process of proton transfer, the base-assisted reaction can reduce the activation free energy and make the reaction easier to occur compared with the direct proton transfer process. The formation of the C-C bond is the crucial step of stereoselectivity, in which two chiral centers and four configurations of intermediates (RR/RS/SR/SS) were generated. The free energy barriers obtained and the noncovalent interaction analysis confirm that the dominant configuration is SS, becoming the final trans-type product observed in experiment. Furthermore, through the analyses of the conceptual DFT and natural atomic charges, it is revealed that NHC acts as a double catalyst, which can not only increase the nucleophilicity of reactants by Lewis base but also activate the C-H bond and promote the proton transfer process. The understanding of the mechanism obtained in this study should be helpful to the other organic catalytic reactions with high stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Shen
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology in Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology in Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xue
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology in Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
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4
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NHC Catalyzed β-Carbon functionalization of carboxylic esters towards formation of δ-Lactams: A mechanistic study. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Zhang J, Qiao Q, Wu Z, Pang Z, Shi Q, Qiao Y, Wang Y, wei D. Mechanism and origin of selectivities for NHC-catalyzed synthesis of axially chiral benzothiophene/benzofuran-fused biaryls. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1662-1670. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02429a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By performing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we investigated and identified the fundamental pathway for N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed synthesis of axially chiral benzothiophene-fused biaryl using enal and 2-benzyl-benzothiophene-3-carbaldehyde, which includes...
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6
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Li Y, Geng L, Song Z, Zhang Z. A DFT study of NHC-catalyzed reactions between 2-bromo-2-enals and acylhydrazones: mechanisms, and chemo- and stereoselectivities. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01078j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The reaction mechanisms and origins of the chemo- and stereoselectivities of NHC-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation of 2-bromo-2-enals and acylhydrazones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Lina Geng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, P. R. China
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7
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Zhang J, Luo J, Li X, Zhang Q, Wu Z, Lan Y, Wei D. Insights into Organoamine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral Allenoates Using Morita-Baylis-Hillman Carbonates and Trisubstituted Allenoates: Mechanism and Origin of Stereoselectivity. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15276-15283. [PMID: 34605241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A computational study was performed to explore the possible mechanisms of β-isocinchonine-catalyzed asymmetric C(sp2)-H allylation of trisubstituted allenoates using Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) carbonates for synthesis of axially chiral tetrasubstituted allenoates. The calculated results indicate that the most energetically favorable pathway includes (1) nucleophilic attack on MBH carbonate by β-isocinchonine, (2) BocO- dissociation, (3) stereoselective formation of the C-C bond, and (4) regeneration of the catalyst. By tracking the orbital overlap/interaction changes, the half shoulder-to-head orbital overlap mode can be smoothly switched to a head-to-head orbital overlap mode for the key C-C σ bond formation, which is also identified as the stereoselectivity-determining process. Further distortion/interaction, noncovalent interaction (NCI), and atom-in-molecule (AIM) analyses demonstrate that C-H···O and C-H···π interactions should be key for controlling the axial and central chirality. This work would be useful for rational design of organocatalytic allylic alkylation reactions for synthesis of axially chiral compounds in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhang
- The College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Luo
- The College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Xue Li
- The College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyu Zhang
- The College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhoujie Wu
- The College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- The College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- The College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
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8
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Metal-free visible-light-catalyzed synthesis of 3-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-one: mechanism, DFT calculation and optical properties. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Pavithra T, Devi ES, Maheswari CU. Recent Advances in N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization for the Formation of Heterocycles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Pavithra
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 India
| | - E. Sankari Devi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 India
| | - C. Uma Maheswari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 India
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10
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Shyam A, Pradhan AK, Mondal P. A Density Functional Theory Study on Et-BAC-Catalyzed 1,6-Conjugate Addition of p-Chlorobenzaldehyde to p-Quinone Methide for the Synthesis of α,α '-Diarylated Ketones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9040-9054. [PMID: 34126745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Umpolung-based organocatalysis has made a remarkable breakthrough in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. Among a plethora of umpolung catalysts, bis(amino)cyclopropenylidenes (BACs) have emerged as efficient organocatalysts with potential applications in synthesizing numerous essential organic moieties. In this study, a plausible mechanism for bis(diethylamino)cyclopropenylidene (Et-BAC)-catalyzed synthesis of α,α'-diarylated ketones has been established using the density functional theory (DFT) method. The proposed catalytic cycle of the studied reaction initiates with the nucleophilic interaction of Et-BAC with p-chlorobenzaldehyde to form a zwitterionic intermediate, which is then transformed to a reactive Breslow intermediate. The Breslow intermediate further undergoes a chemoselective and stereoselective 1,6-conjugate addition reaction with p-quinone methide to form a new C-C bond connection. Finally, the generated adduct undergoes a proton shift reaction with the assistance of both 8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene (DBU) and protonated DBU to yield the desired product. Conceptual DFT-derived reactivity indices and frontier molecular orbital theory analysis have been successfully utilized to unravel the role of Et-BAC in this studied reaction. In addition to Et-BAC, DBU and protonated DBU also play a very important role in lowering the activation energy barrier of proton transfer steps. This investigation will help in the rational designing of simple nonheterocyclic carbene-mediated novel organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Shyam
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Amit K Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Paritosh Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
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11
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Shyam A, Pradhan AK, Mondal P. A density functional theory investigation on bis(diethylamino)cyclopropenylidene catalyzed synthesis of 1,4‐bifunctional compounds. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Shyam
- Department of Chemistry Assam University Silchar India
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12
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Li SJ, Wang X, Shi Q, Li X, Qu LB, Wei D, Lan Y. Multiple Functional Organocatalyst-Promoted Inert C–C Activation: Mechanism and Origin of Selectivities. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Qianqian Shi
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xue Li
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Donghui Wei
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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13
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Wang Z, Liu Q, Wang K, Liu M, Han Y, Sun A, Ma X. NHC‐Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation of α,β‐unsaturated Aldehydes with Benzyl Ketones: Direct Access to 4,5,6‐Trisubstituted Dihydropyranones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan‐Yong Wang
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang Henan 453003 P. R. China
| | - Qingling Liu
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang Henan 453003 P. R. China
| | - Kai‐Kai Wang
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang Henan 453003 P. R. China
| | - Menghan Liu
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang Henan 453003 P. R. China
| | - Yafei Han
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang Henan 453003 P. R. China
| | - Aili Sun
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang Henan 453003 P. R. China
| | - Xueji Ma
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang Henan 453003 P. R. China
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14
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Yang T, Wang C, Li S, Zhang M, Wei D, Lan Y. Possible Mechanisms and Origin of Selectivities for Phosphine‐Catalyzed [2+n] (n=3, 4) Annulations of Saturated Amines and δ‐Acetoxy Allenoates. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting‐Ting Yang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001, Henan P. R. China
| | - Congcong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Shi‐Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001, Henan P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001, Henan P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001, Henan P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001, Henan P. R. China
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15
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Deng Z, Zhou D. Mechanisms of Csp
3
‐H or Nsp
2
‐H functionalization of 2,3‐diaminoindoles with triplet O
2
: A density functional theory investigation. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe‐Peng Deng
- Research Institute Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou China
| | - Da‐Gang Zhou
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Synthesis and Application of Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering China West Normal University Nanchong China
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16
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Zhang QY, Li SJ, Wang Y, Song J, Lan Y, Wei D. Insights into the chiral sulfide/selenide-catalyzed electrophilic carbothiolation of alkynes: mechanism and origin of axial chirality. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00036e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The FMO overlap mode, ELF, and AIM analyses along the formation process of thiiranium ion intermediate have been performed for the first time to explore the nature of the electronic structural changes and origin of stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Yu Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- P.R. China
| | - Jinshuai Song
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
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17
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Zhang M, Wang X, Yang T, Qiao Y, Wei D. Theoretical model for N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed decarboxylation reactions. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A general mechanism for N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed decarboxylation reactions has been studied using DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Tingting Yang
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Department of Pathophysiology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
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18
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Zhou DG. Mechanisms of Csp3-H functionalization of acetonitrile or acetone with coumarins: A DFT investigation. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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19
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Origin of diastereoselectivity and catalytic efficiency on Isothiourea-mediated cyclization of carboxylic acid with alkenyl ketone. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.113004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Shyam A, Pradhan AK, Mondal P. Mechanistic Insights into the N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Synthesis of α,δ‐Diketones: A DFT Approach. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Shyam
- Department of Chemistry Assam University Silchar 788011, Assam India
| | - Amit K. Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry Assam University Silchar 788011, Assam India
| | - Paritosh Mondal
- Department of Chemistry Assam University Silchar 788011, Assam India
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21
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Qiao Y, Xiao Y, Zhao M, Li X, Chang J. Mechanisms and origin of regioselectivity on N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed [3+2]/[4+2] annulations of C60 with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Deng Z, Zhou D. Mechanisms of Csp
2
–H functionalization of aldehydes with triplet O
2
catalyzed by NHPI: A density functional theory investigation. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe‐Peng Deng
- Research Institute Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou China
| | - Da‐Gang Zhou
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Synthesis and Application of Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering China West Normal University Nanchong China
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23
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Wang Y, Qu LB, Wei D, Lan Y. Unveiling the Chemo- and Stereoselectivities of NHC-Catalyzed Reactions of an Aliphatic Ester with Aminochalcone. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8437-8446. [PMID: 32529828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The possible mechanisms and origin of selectivities in N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed reactions of an aliphatic ester with aminochalcone were studied using density functional theory. Herein, a general mechanistic map involving various types of possible intermediates was discovered, and the corresponding chemoselective pathways were systematically investigated. Based on the computational results, the most energetically favorable reaction pathway mainly involved in the following processes: formation of a homoenolate intermediate via α/β-H elimination, formal Michael addition of a homoenolate intermediate to aminochalcone, intramolecular aldol-type reaction, and ring closure to form the lactam product. Furthermore, the formal Michael addition process was shown to be the stereoselectivity-determining step, generating the RR-configured product preferentially. The chemoselectivity was successfully predicted by comparing the ω + N index of reacting ability for a nucleophile (N) and electrophile (E). This work would provide a general guideline for predicting chemoselectivity in NHC-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 136 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China
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24
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Li X, Xu J, Li SJ, Qu LB, Li Z, Chi YR, Wei D, Lan Y. Prediction of NHC-catalyzed chemoselective functionalizations of carbonyl compounds: a general mechanistic map. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7214-7225. [PMID: 34123007 PMCID: PMC8159411 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01793k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Generally, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexed with carbonyl compounds would transform into several important active intermediates, i.e., enolates, Breslow intermediates, or acylazolium intermediates, which act as either a nucleophile (Nu) or an electrophile (E) to react with the other E/Nu partner. Hence, the key to predicting the origin of chemoselectivity is to compute the activity (i.e., electrophilic index ω for E and nucleophilic index N for Nu) and stability of the intermediates and products, which are suggested in a general mechanistic map of these reactions. To support this point, we selected and studied different cases of the NHC-catalyzed reactions of carbonyl compounds in the presence of a base and/or an oxidant, in which multiple possible pathways involving acylazolium, enolate, Breslow, and α,β-unsaturated acylazolium intermediates were proposed and a novel index ω + N of the E and Nu partners was employed to exactly predict the energy barrier of the chemoselective step in theory. This work provides a guide for determining the general principle behind organocatalytic reactions with various chemoselectivities, and suggests a general application of the reaction index in predicting the chemoselectivity of the nucleophilic and electrophilic reactions. A novel index ω + N can be used to predict the chemoselectivity according to the general NHC-catalyzed reaction mechanism.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Jun Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China .,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
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25
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Xiao Y, Zhao J, Zhao M, Chong R, Li X, Qiao Y. Mechanism, Chemoselectivity, and Stereoselectivity of NHC‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Desymmetrization of Enal‐Tethered Cyclohexadienones. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Jimin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Miao Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Ruifeng Chong
- Institute of Environmental and Analytical Sciences College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University 475001 Kaifeng China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention Zhengzhou University 450001 Zhengzhou Henan China
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26
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Dimethyl sulfoxide-aided copper(0)-catalyzed intramolecular decarbonylative rearrangement of N-aryl isatins leading to acridones. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Wang Y, Wei D. Mechanistic investigation of N-heterocyclic carbene and Na2CO3 cooperatively catalyzed C(sp3)-F bond activation reaction of fluoroenal. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.110944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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28
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Computational Study on N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroacylation-Stetter Reaction Cascade. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.110723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Wang Y, Lan Y. Mechanism and origin of diastereoselectivity of N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed cross-benzoin reaction: A DFT study. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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He N, Zhu Z, Li F, Zhu Y, Qu L, Chen H. Theoretical understanding mechanisms and stereoselectivities of [2+2] cycloaddition of ketenes with ketimines catalyzed by bifunctional N-heterocyclic carbene. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-019-01389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Shyam A, Mondal P. Theoretical Insight towards Mechanism, Role of NHC and DBU in the Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Shyam
- Department of ChemistryAssam University, Silchar, Silchar Assam 788011 India
| | - Paritosh Mondal
- Department of ChemistryAssam University, Silchar, Silchar Assam 788011 India
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32
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Yan CX, Yang FL, Lu K, Yang X, Zhou PP, Shao X. A semipinacol rearrangement of vinylogous α-ketol cocatalyzed by a cinchona-based primary amine and N-Boc-phenylglycines: mechanisms, roles of catalysts and the origin of enantioselectivity. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A semipinacol rearrangement of vinylogous α-ketol cocatalyzed by a cinchona-based primary amine and Brønsted acids can be achieved with good enantiocontrol, and theoretical investigations have been performed to uncover and understand it in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Xian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education
- Advanced Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
| | - Fang-Ling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education
- Advanced Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
| | - Ka Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education
- Advanced Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
| | - Xing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education
- Advanced Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education
- Advanced Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education
- Advanced Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
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33
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Wang C, Li SJ, Zhang M, Wei D, Ding L. Origin of stereoselectivity in an isothiourea catalyzed Michael addition reaction of aryl ester with vinyl disulfone. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03540h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The origin of stereoselectivity in an isothiourea-catalyzed addition reaction of aryl ester with vinyl disulfone was explored for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province
- Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University)
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhengzhou University
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Lina Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province
- Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University)
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhengzhou University
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34
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Deng Q, Li SJ, Wei D, Lan Y. Insights into Lewis base-catalyzed chemoselective [3 + 2] and [3 + 4] annulation reactions of MBH carbonates. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00457j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The chemoselectivity of Lewis base-catalyzed [3 + 2] and [3 + 4] annulation reactions of MBH carbonates can be predicted using FMO overlap analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Deng
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
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35
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Lu K, Feng X, Yan CX, Yang FL, Yang X, Zhou PP, Yang Z. Chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed asymmetric arylation of indolesvianucleophilic aromatic substitution: mechanisms and origin of enantioselectivity. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00008f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric arylation of indolesvianucleophilic aromatic substitution can be effectively achieved using chiral phosphoric acid as catalyst, where the mechanisms and origin of enantioselectivity were explored theoretically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Xiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics
- Ministry of Health
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC)
- Beijing 100050
| | - Chao-Xian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Fang-Ling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Xing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Zhaoyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics
- Ministry of Health
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC)
- Beijing 100050
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36
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Deng Q, Mu F, Qiao Y, Wei D. A theoretical review for novel Lewis base amine/imine-catalyzed reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6781-6800. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01378a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in computational investigations of Lewis base amine/imine-catalyzed reactions have been systematically summarized and reviewed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Deng
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Fangjing Mu
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Department of Pathophysiology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
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37
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Wang X, Wang Y, Song J, Wei D. Insights into N-heterocyclic carbene and Lewis acid cooperatively catalyzed oxidative [3 + 3] annulation reactions of α,β-unsaturated aldehyde with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00091d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene and Lewis acid cooperatively catalyzed oxidative [3 + 3] annulation reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds have been systematically studied in theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- P.R. China
| | - Jinshuai Song
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry
- and Institute of Green Catalysis
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
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38
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Liu SC, Li X, Li SJ, Wei D. Insight into Isothiourea-Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Saturated Esters to Iminium Ions. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4322-4327. [PMID: 31646734 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The possible mechanisms and origin of the selectivities of isothiourea-catalyzed addition of saturated esters to iminium ions have been investigated by density functional theory. The favorable reaction pathway includes three stages: formation of an ammonium enolate intermediate, enantioselective addition of the ammonium enolate intermediate to the iminium ion, and dissociation of the catalyst to form the product. The enantioselective addition process is the stereoselectivity-determining step, while the chemoselectivity-determining step is included in the formation of the final product. The calculated energy barriers show that the chemoselectivity is thermodynamically controlled, and it depends on the polarities of the products and the nucleophilicities of the N atoms of the enamine reactant moieties of the intermediates. The origin of the stereoselectivity was investigated by non-covalent interaction analysis of the key transition states. Hydrogen bonding interactions were identified as the determining factor for controlling the stereoselectivity. The obtained insight will be valuable for rational design of novel Lewis base organocatalyst-promoted enantioselective addition reactions with special chemoselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Cong Liu
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xue Li
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
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39
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Zhou DG. Mechanisms of visible-light-induced Csp2-H functionalization of 1-methylquinoxalin-2(1H)-one and tetrahydrofuran: A DFT investigation. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.112639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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40
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Yang Z, Lan Y, Yan Y, Guo M, Zhang L. Activation Pathway of C‐H and C–C Bonds of Ethane by Pd Atom with CO
2
as a Soft Oxidant. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and SystemsMinistry of Education of PRCChongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
- School of Energy and Power EngineeringChongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
| | - Yan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and SystemsMinistry of Education of PRCChongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
- School of Energy and Power EngineeringChongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
| | - Yunfei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and SystemsMinistry of Education of PRCChongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
- School of Energy and Power EngineeringChongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
| | - Mingnv Guo
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and SystemsMinistry of Education of PRCChongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and SystemsMinistry of Education of PRCChongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
- School of Energy and Power EngineeringChongqing University Chongqing 400044 China
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41
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Ahmad K, Khan BA, Akhtar T, Khan J, Roy SK. Deciphering the mechanism of copper-catalyzed N-arylation between aryl halides and nitriles: a DFT study. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03860d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the CuI/DMEDA-catalyzed tandem hydrolysis/N-arylation of benzonitrile with aryl iodide was studied using the DFT method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)
- Mirpur 10250
- Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
- Muzaffarabad 13100
- Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry
- Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)
- Mirpur 10250
- Pakistan
| | - Jahanzeb Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Soumendra K. Roy
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Shaanxi key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemical and Environmental Science
- Shaanxi University of Technology
- Hanzhong
- P. R. China
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42
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Gao J, Wang Y. Mechanistic studies on the N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed reaction of isatin-derived enals with hydrazones. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7442-7447. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01317b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The detailed mechanism and origin of stereoselectivity of the NHC-catalyzed annulation reaction were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Gao
- Department of Cooking Food
- Henan Polytechnic
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
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43
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Zhao M, Xiao Y, Qiao Y. Mechanistic insights and origin of chemoselectivity for S–O bond cleavage in dinitrobenzenesulfonic carbamates. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03770e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A computational study on the NHC-catalyzed chemoselective S–O bond cleavage in dinitrobenzenesulfonic carbamates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Department of Pathophysiology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
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