1
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Sankaran A, Kapuria N, Beloshapkin S, Ahad SA, Singh S, Geaney H, Ryan KM. Revealing Seed-Mediated Structural Evolution of Copper-Silicide Nanostructures: Generating Structured Current Collectors for Rechargeable Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2310823. [PMID: 38421219 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Metal silicide thin films and nanostructures typically employed in electronics have recently gained significant attention in battery technology, where they are used as active or inactive materials. However, unlike thin films, the science behind the evolution of silicide nanostructures, especially 1D nanowires (NWs), is a key missing aspect. Cux Siy nanostructures synthesized by solvent vapor growth technique are studied as a model system to gain insights into metal silicide formation. The temperature-dependent phase evolution of Cux Siy structures proceeds from Cu>Cu0.83 Si0.17 >Cu5 Si>Cu15 Si4 . The role of Cu diffusion kinetics on the morphological progression of Cu silicides is studied, revealing that the growth of 1D metal silicide NWs proceeds through an in situ formed, Cu seed-mediated, self-catalytic process. The different Cux Siy morphologies synthesized are utilized as structured current collectors for K-ion battery anodes. Sb deposited by thermal evaporation upon Cu15 Si4 tripod NWs and cube architectures exhibit reversible alloying capacities of 477.3 and 477.6 mAh g-1 at a C/5 rate. Furthermore, Sb deposited Cu15 Si4 tripod NWs anode tested in Li-ion and Na-ion batteries demonstrate reversible capacities of ≈518 and 495 mAh g-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Abinaya Sankaran
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Nilotpal Kapuria
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Sergey Beloshapkin
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Syed Abdul Ahad
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Shalini Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Hugh Geaney
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
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2
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Jungwirth F, Salvador-Porroche A, Porrati F, Jochmann NP, Knez D, Huth M, Gracia I, Cané C, Cea P, De Teresa JM, Barth S. Gas-Phase Synthesis of Iron Silicide Nanostructures Using a Single-Source Precursor: Comparing Direct-Write Processing and Thermal Conversion. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:2967-2977. [PMID: 38444783 PMCID: PMC10910579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c08250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The investigation of precursor classes for the fabrication of nanostructures is of specific interest for maskless fabrication and direct nanoprinting. In this study, the differences in material composition depending on the employed process are illustrated for focused-ion-beam- and focused-electron-beam-induced deposition (FIBID/FEBID) and compared to the thermal decomposition in chemical vapor deposition (CVD). This article reports on specific differences in the deposit composition and microstructure when the (H3Si)2Fe(CO)4 precursor is converted into an inorganic material. Maximum metal/metalloid contents of up to 90 at. % are obtained in FIBID deposits and higher than 90 at. % in CVD films, while FEBID with the same precursor provides material containing less than 45 at. % total metal/metalloid content. Moreover, the Fe:Si ratio is retained well in FEBID and CVD processes, but FIBID using Ga+ ions liberates more than 50% of the initial Si provided by the precursor. This suggests that precursors for FIBID processes targeting binary materials should include multiple bonding such as bridging positions for nonmetals. In addition, an in situ method for investigations of supporting thermal effects of precursor fragmentation during the direct-writing processes is presented, and the applicability of the precursor for nanoscale 3D FEBID writing is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Jungwirth
- Institute
of Physics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, Frankfurt am Main 60323, Germany
- Institute
for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Alba Salvador-Porroche
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Porrati
- Institute
of Physics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, Frankfurt am Main 60323, Germany
| | - Nicolas P. Jochmann
- Institute
of Physics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, Frankfurt am Main 60323, Germany
- Institute
for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Daniel Knez
- Institute
of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis, Graz University of Technology, Steyrergasse 17, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Michael Huth
- Institute
of Physics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, Frankfurt am Main 60323, Germany
| | - Isabel Gracia
- Institut
de Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB), Centre Nacional de
Microelectrònica (CNM), Consejo Superior
de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Carles Cané
- Institut
de Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB), Centre Nacional de
Microelectrònica (CNM), Consejo Superior
de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Pilar Cea
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- Laboratorio
de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Edificio de
I+D+i, Campus Río Ebro, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - José María De Teresa
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Sven Barth
- Institute
of Physics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, Frankfurt am Main 60323, Germany
- Institute
for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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3
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Song Y, Gómez-Recio I, Ghoridi A, Igoa Saldaña F, Janisch D, Sassoye C, Dupuis V, Hrabovsky D, Ruiz-González ML, González-Calbet JM, Casale S, Zitolo A, Lassalle-Kaiser B, Laberty-Robert C, Portehault D. Heterostructured Cobalt Silicide Nanocrystals: Synthesis in Molten Salts, Ferromagnetism, and Electrocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19207-19217. [PMID: 37615605 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale heterostructures of covalent intermetallics should give birth to a wide range of interface-driven physical and chemical properties. Such a level of design however remains unattainable for most of these compounds, due to the difficulty to reach a crystalline order of covalent bonds at the moderate temperatures required for colloidal chemistry. Herein, we design heterostructured cobalt silicide nanoparticles to trigger magnetic and catalytic properties in silicon-based materials. Our strategy consists in controlling the diffusion of cobalt atoms into silicon nanoparticles, by reacting these particles in molten salts. By adjusting the temperature, we tune the conversion of the initial silicon particles toward homogeneous CoSi nanoparticles and core-shell nanoparticles made of a CoSi shell and a silicon-rich core. The increased interface-to-volume ratio of the CoSi component in the core-shell particles yields distinct properties compared to the bulk and homogeneous nanoparticles. First, the core-shell particles exhibit increased ferromagnetism, despite the bulk diamagnetic properties of cobalt monosilicide. Second, the core-shell nanoparticles act as efficient precatalysts for alkaline water oxidation, where the nanostructure is converted in situ into a layered cobalt silicon oxide/(oxy)hydroxide with high and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalytic activity. This work demonstrates a route to design heterostructured nanocrystals of covalent intermetallic compounds and shows that these new structures exhibit very rich, yet poorly explored, interface-based physical properties and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Isabel Gómez-Recio
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Anissa Ghoridi
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Fernando Igoa Saldaña
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Janisch
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Capucine Sassoye
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Dupuis
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux (PHENIX), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - David Hrabovsky
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - M Luisa Ruiz-González
- Dpto. de Química Inorgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M González-Calbet
- Dpto. de Química Inorgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Casale
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Andrea Zitolo
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | | | - Christel Laberty-Robert
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - David Portehault
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
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4
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Grilli D, Smetana V, Ahmed SJ, Shtender V, Pani M, Manfrinetti P, Mudring AV. La n(n+1)+xNi n(n+5)+ySi (n+1)(n+2)-z: A Symmetric Mirror Homologous Series in the La-Ni-Si System. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37364160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of four homologous silicides have been discovered during systematic explorations in the central part of the La-Ni-Si system at 1000 °C. All compounds La12.5Ni28.0Si18.3 (n = 3; a = 28.8686(8), c = 4.0737(2) Å, Z = 3), La22.1Ni39.0Si27.8 (n = 4; a = 20.9340(6), c = 4.1245(2) Å, Z = 1), La32.9Ni49.8Si39.3 (n = 5; a = 24.946(1), c = 4.1471(5) Å, Z = 1), and La44.8Ni66.1Si53.4 (n = 6; a = 28.995(5), c = 4.158(1) Å, Z = 1) crystallize in the hexagonal space group P63/m and can be generalized according to Lan(n+1)+xNin(n+5)+ySi(n+1)(n+2)-z with n = 3-6. Their crystal structures are based on AlB2-type building blocks, fused La-centered Ni6Si6 hexagonal prisms, yielding larger oligomeric equilateral domains with the edge size equal to n. The domains extend along the c axis and show checkered ordering of the cationic and anionic parts, while all their atoms are located on mirror planes. Lan(n+1)+xNin(n+5)+ySi(n+1)(n+2)-z can be considered as a mirror series to the La-rich La(n+1)(n+2)Nin(n-1)+2Sin(n+1), where an exchange of the formal cationic and anionic sites, i.e., La and Si, occurs. The La-Ni-Si system is the first system where two such analogous series have been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Grilli
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
- DCCI, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genova I-16146, Italy
- Institute SPIN-CNR, Corso Perrone 24, Genova I-16152, Italy
| | - Volodymyr Smetana
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering and iNANO, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Sheikh J Ahmed
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering and iNANO, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Vitalii Shtender
- Department of Chemistry─Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, Uppsala 75121, Sweden
| | - Marcella Pani
- DCCI, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genova I-16146, Italy
- Institute SPIN-CNR, Corso Perrone 24, Genova I-16152, Italy
| | - Pietro Manfrinetti
- DCCI, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genova I-16146, Italy
- Institute SPIN-CNR, Corso Perrone 24, Genova I-16152, Italy
| | - Anja-Verena Mudring
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering and iNANO, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
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5
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Yang K, Chen N, Guo X, Zhang R, Sheng X, Ge H, Zhu Z, Yang H, Lü H. Phase-Controlled Cobalt Catalyst Boosting Hydrogenation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Dimethylfuran. Molecules 2023; 28:4918. [PMID: 37446581 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for non-noble metal catalysts for chemical transformations is of paramount importance. In this study, an efficient non-noble metal catalyst for hydrogenation, hexagonal close-packed cobalt (HCP-Co), was synthesized through a simple one-step reduction of β-Co(OH)2 nanosheets via a temperature-induced phase transition. The obtained HCP-Co exhibited several-times-higher catalytic efficiency than its face-centered cubic cobalt (FCC-Co) counterpart in the hydrogenation of the C=C/C=O group, especially for the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) hydrogenation (8.5-fold enhancement). Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that HMF molecules were adsorbed more firmly on the (112_0) facet of HCP-Co than that on the (111) facet of FCC-Co, favoring the activation of the C=O group in the HMF molecule. The stronger adsorption on the (112_0) facet of HCP-Co also led to lower activation energy than that on the (111) facet of FCC-Co, thereby resulting in high activity and selectivity. Moreover, HCP-Co exhibited outstanding catalytic stability during the hydrogenation of HMF. These results highlight the possibility of fabricating hydrogenation catalysts with satisfactory catalytic properties by precisely tuning their active crystal phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Yang
- Department College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, 32 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Naimeng Chen
- Department College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, 32 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaomiao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ruoqi Zhang
- Department College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, 32 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sheng
- Department College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, 32 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Hui Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhu
- Department College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, 32 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Hengquan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hongying Lü
- Department College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, 32 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, China
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6
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Tian F, Pang Z, Hu S, Zhang X, Wang F, Nie W, Xia X, Li G, Hsu HY, Xu Q, Zou X, Ji L, Lu X. Recent Advances in Electrochemical-Based Silicon Production Technologies with Reduced Carbon Emission. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0142. [PMID: 37214200 PMCID: PMC10194053 DOI: 10.34133/research.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable and low-carbon-emission silicon production is currently one of the main focuses for the metallurgical and materials science communities. Electrochemistry, considered a promising strategy, has been explored to produce silicon due to prominent advantages: (a) high electricity utilization efficiency; (b) low-cost silica as a raw material; and (c) tunable morphologies and structures, including films, nanowires, and nanotubes. This review begins with a summary of early research on the extraction of silicon by electrochemistry. Emphasis has been placed on the electro-deoxidation and dissolution-electrodeposition of silica in chloride molten salts since the 21st century, including the basic reaction mechanisms, the fabrication of photoactive Si films for solar cells, the design and production of nano-Si and various silicon components for energy conversion, as well as storage applications. Besides, the feasibility of silicon electrodeposition in room-temperature ionic liquids and its unique opportunities are evaluated. On this basis, the challenges and future research directions for silicon electrochemical production strategies are proposed and discussed, which are essential to achieve large-scale sustainable production of silicon by electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhongya Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,
School of Microelectronics,Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xueqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wei Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xuewen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Guangshi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- School of Energy and Environment, Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xingli Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Li Ji
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,
School of Microelectronics,Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xionggang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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7
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Gransbury GK, Réant BLL, Wooles AJ, Emerson-King J, Chilton NF, Liddle ST, Mills DP. Electronic structure comparisons of isostructural early d- and f-block metal(iii) bis(cyclopentadienyl) silanide complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:621-634. [PMID: 36741509 PMCID: PMC9847655 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04526e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of the U(iii) bis(cyclopentadienyl) hypersilanide complex [U(Cp'')2{Si(SiMe3)3}] (Cp'' = {C5H3(SiMe3)2-1,3}), together with isostructural lanthanide and group 4 M(iii) homologues, in order to meaningfully compare metal-silicon bonding between early d- and f-block metals. All complexes were characterised by a combination of NMR, EPR, UV-vis-NIR and ATR-IR spectroscopies, single crystal X-ray diffraction, SQUID magnetometry, elemental analysis and ab initio calculations. We find that for the [M(Cp'')2{Si(SiMe3)3}] (M = Ti, Zr, La, Ce, Nd, U) series the unique anisotropy axis is conserved tangential to ; this is governed by the hypersilanide ligand for the d-block complexes to give easy plane anisotropy, whereas the easy axis is fixed by the two Cp'' ligands in f-block congeners. This divergence is attributed to hypersilanide acting as a strong σ-donor and weak π-acceptor with the d-block metals, whilst f-block metals show predominantly electrostatic bonding with weaker π-components. We make qualitative comparisons on the strength of covalency to derive the ordering Zr > Ti ≫ U > Nd ≈ Ce ≈ La in these complexes, using a combination of analytical techniques. The greater covalency of 5f3 U(iii) vs. 4f3 Nd(iii) is found by comparison of their EPR and electronic absorption spectra and magnetic measurements, with calculations indicating that uranium 5f orbitals have weak π-bonding interactions with both the silanide and Cp'' ligands, in addition to weak δ-antibonding with Cp''.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma K. Gransbury
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Benjamin L. L. Réant
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Jack Emerson-King
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - David P. Mills
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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8
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Réant BL, Wooles AJ, Liddle ST, Mills DP. Synthesis and Characterization of Yttrium Methanediide Silanide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:137-146. [PMID: 36537859 PMCID: PMC9832533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The salt metathesis reactions of the yttrium methanediide iodide complex [Y(BIPM)(I)(THF)2] (BIPM = {C(PPh2NSiMe3)2}) with the group 1 silanide ligand-transfer reagents MSiR3 (M = Na, R3 = tBu2Me or tBu3; M = K, R3 = (SiMe3)3) gave the yttrium methanediide silanide complexes [Y(BIPM)(SitBu2Me)(THF)] (1), [Y(BIPM)(SitBu3)(THF)] (2), and [Y(BIPM){Si(SiMe3)3}(THF)] (3). Complexes 1-3 provide rare examples of structurally authenticated rare earth metal-silicon bonds and were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR and ATR-IR spectroscopies, and elemental analysis. Density functional theory calculations were performed on 1-3 to probe their electronic structures further, revealing predominantly ionic Y-Si bonding. The computed Y-Si bonds show lower covalency than Y═C bonds, which are in turn best represented by Y+-C- dipolar forms due to the strong σ-donor properties of the silanide ligands investigated; these observations are in accord with experimentally obtained 13C{1H} and 29Si{1H} NMR data for 1-3 and related Y(III) BIPM alkyl complexes in the literature. Preliminary reactivity studies were performed, with complex 1 treated separately with benzophenone, azobenzene, and N,N'-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide. 29Si{1H} and 31P{1H} NMR spectra of these reaction mixtures indicated that 1,2-migratory insertion of the unsaturated substrate into the Y-Si bond is favored, while for the latter substrate, a [2 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction also occurs at the Y═C bond to afford [Y{C(PPh2NSiMe3)2[C(NCy)2]-κ4C,N,N',N'}{C(NCy)2(SitBu2Me)-κ2N,N'}] (4); these reactivity profiles complement and contrast with those of Y(III) BIPM alkyl complexes.
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9
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The crystal chemistry of ZrSi. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Zamulaeva EI, Sheveyko AN, Kaplanskii YY, Levashov EA. Structure Formation and Tribological Properties of Mo-Si-B-Hf Electrospark Coatings Based on Mo 2Ni 3Si Laves Phase. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5613. [PMID: 36013749 PMCID: PMC9413846 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coatings were produced on the EP741NP nickel alloy substrates by electrospark deposition (ESD) in argon using an MoSi2-MoB-HfB2 electrode. In situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis studies have identified the temperature above which the strengthening Mo2Ni3Si Laves phase is formed in the coatings. At 25 °C, the coatings with a predominant content of the Laves phase are characterized by enhanced wear resistance, as well as a lower coefficient of friction compared to the non-annealed coatings containing binary silicides. At 700 °C, the EP741NP substrate was characterized by the lowest friction coefficient (Ktr = 0.35), and its wear was approximately at the same level as the wear of both coatings.
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11
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Chen H, Wu Q, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Ai X, Shen Y, Zou X. d-sp orbital hybridization: a strategy for activity improvement of transition metal catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7730-7740. [PMID: 35758107 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02299k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Orbital hybridization to regulate the electronic structures and surface chemisorption properties of transition metals has been extensively investigated for searching high-performance catalysts toward various reactions. Unlike conventional d-d hybridization, the d-sp hybridization interaction between transition metals and p-block elements could result in surprising electronic properties and catalytic activities. This feature article highlights the recent progress in the development of high-performance transition metal-based catalysts through the extraordinary d-sp hybridization strategy, particularly for energy-related electrocatalytic applications. We start by giving an introduction of fundamental concepts associated with electronic structures of transition metal catalysts, including the Sabatier principle, d-band theory, electronic descriptor, as well as the comparison of d-d hybridization and d-sp hybridization strategies. Then, we summarize the theoretical and experimental advances in d-sp hybridization catalysts, including p-block element-doped metal catalysts, intermetallic catalysts and supported metal catalysts, with emphasis on the important roles of d-sp hybridization in tuning catalytic performances. Finally, we present existing challenges and future development prospects for the rational design of advanced d-sp hybridization catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Qiannan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Petrochina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qinfeng Zhao
- Petrochina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xuan Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yucheng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
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12
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Transition Metal Phosphides (TMP) as a Versatile Class of Catalysts for the Hydrodeoxygenation Reaction (HDO) of Oil-Derived Compounds. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091435. [PMID: 35564143 PMCID: PMC9105139 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction is a route with much to offer in the conversion and upgrading of bio-oils into fuels; the latter can potentially replace fossil fuels. The catalyst’s design and the feedstock play a critical role in the process metrics (activity, selectivity). Among the different classes of catalysts for the HDO reaction, the transition metal phosphides (TMP), e.g., binary (Ni2P, CoP, WP, MoP) and ternary Fe-Co-P, Fe-Ru-P, are chosen to be discussed in the present review article due to their chameleon type of structural and electronic features giving them superiority compared to the pure metals, apart from their cost advantage. Their active catalytic sites for the HDO reaction are discussed, while particular aspects of their structural, morphological, electronic, and bonding features are presented along with the corresponding characterization technique/tool. The HDO reaction is critically discussed for representative compounds on the TMP surfaces; model compounds from the lignin-derivatives, cellulose derivatives, and fatty acids, such as phenols and furans, are presented, and their reaction mechanisms are explained in terms of TMPs structure, stoichiometry, and reaction conditions. The deactivation of the TMP’s catalysts under HDO conditions is discussed. Insights of the HDO reaction from computational aspects over the TMPs are also presented. Future challenges and directions are proposed to understand the TMP-probe molecule interaction under HDO process conditions and advance the process to a mature level.
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13
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Chen H, Zhang M, Zhang K, Li Z, Liang X, Ai X, Zou X. Screening and Understanding Lattice Silicon-Controlled Catalytically Active Site Motifs from a Library of Transition Metal-Silicon Intermetallics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107371. [PMID: 35018710 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A joint theoretical and experimental study is reported to systematically explore over a library of transition metal-silicon intermetallics for understanding silicon-controlled active site motifs and discovering hydrogen-evolving electrocatalysts. On the one hand, every low-index surface termination of 115 transition metal (M)-silicon (Si) intermetallics is enumerated, followed by cataloging of stable adsorption sites and prediction of catalytic activities on the main exposed facets. It is theoretically found that silicon atoms in silicon-rich structures (especially MSi2 and MSi) show a strong site-isolating effect, which can eliminate M-M-M hollow and M-M bridge sites with too strong hydrogen-binding ability and thereby provide great opportunities for the exposure of novel highly active sites (e.g., M-top and Si-related sites). On the other hand, solid-state redox reactions are developed to synthesize a set of 24 silicides containing 5 MSi, 13 MSi2 , and 6 others, most of which are phase-pure samples. The experimental studies demonstrate that too rich silicon content in silicides (e.g., MSi2 ) leads to adverse effects, such as the formation of amorphous SiOx layers on the silicide surface, masking the presence of active sites during electrocatalysis. Finally, 5 MSi (M = Rh, Pd, Pt, Ru, Ir) as highly active hydrogen-evolving electrocatalysts are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Mingcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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14
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Light alloying element-regulated noble metal catalysts for energy-related applications. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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15
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Chen X, Wang XB, Han S, Wang D, Li C, Guan W, Li WY, Liang C. Overcoming Limitations in the Strong Interaction between Pt and Irreducible SiO 2 Enables Efficient and Selective Hydrogenation of Anthracene. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:590-602. [PMID: 34905332 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between metals and oxide supports are crucial in determining catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability. For reducible oxide supported noble metals, a strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) has been widely recognized. Herein we report the intermediate selectivity and stability over an irreducible SiO2 supported Pt catalyst in the hydrogenation of anthracene that are significantly boosted due to the SMSI-induced formation of intermetallic Pt silicide and Pt-SiO2 interface. The limitation in the strong interaction between Pt nanoparticles and irreducible SiO2 has been breached by combining the strong electrostatic adsorption method and following the high temperature reduction strategy. Due to the isolated Pt active sites by Si atoms, the activated H species produced over the Pt2Si/SiO2 catalyst with an initial catalytic activity of 2.49 μmol/(m2/g)/h as well as TOF of 0.95 s-1 preferentially transfer to the outer ring of anthracene to 87% yield of symmetric octahydroanthracene (sym-OHA) by subsequent hydrogenation. In addition, the Pt2Si/SiO2 catalyst presents an excellent stability after five cycles, which can be attributed to the fact that intermetallic Pt2Si nanoparticles are anchored firmly onto the surface of the SiO2 support. The discovery contributes to broaden the horizons on the SMSI effect in the irreducible oxide supported metal particle catalysts and provides guidance to design the metal-SiO2 interface and tune the surface chemical properties in diverse application conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xing-Bao Wang
- Training Base of State Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Jointly Constructed by Shanxi Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Shuhua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Weixiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wen-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Changhai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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16
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Wang Z, Cheng M, Zhang X, Guo Z, Zhou Z, Zhang M. Synthesis of Metal Silicides Using Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane as Silicon Source for Semi-Hydrogenation of phenylacetylene. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01586a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal silicides as a new typical of intermetallic compound has great potential in catalytic reaction. Here, an efficient route for synthesizing metal silicides (such as Pd2Si, RuxSi, PtxSi and Ni2Si)...
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17
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Chen X, Shi C, Liang C. Highly selective catalysts for the hydrogenation of alkynols: A review. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63773-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Song Y, Gómez-Recio I, Kumar R, Coelho Diogo C, Casale S, Génois I, Portehault D. A straightforward approach to high purity sodium silicide Na 4Si 4. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16703-16710. [PMID: 34761779 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03203h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sodium silicide Na4Si4 is a reductive and reactive source of silicon highly relevant to designing non-oxidic silicon materials, including clathrates, various silicon allotropes, and metal silicides. Despite the importance of this compound, its production in high amounts and high purity is still a bottleneck with reported methods. In this work, we demonstrate that readily available silicon nanoparticles react with sodium hydride with a stoichiometry close to the theoretical one and at a temperature of 395 °C for shorter duration than previously reported. This enhanced reactivity of silicon nanoparticles makes the procedure robust and less dependent on experimental parameters, such as gas flow. As a result, we deliver a procedure to achieve Na4Si4 with purity of ca. 98 mol% at the gram scale. We show that this compound is an efficient precursor to deliver selectively type I and type II sodium silicon clathrates depending on the conditions of thermal decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Isabel Gómez-Recio
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Ram Kumar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Cristina Coelho Diogo
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Paris-Centre, IMPC, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Casale
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Génois
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - David Portehault
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
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19
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Wang X, Hao W, Zhang P, Szego AE, Svensson G, Hedin N. Macroscopic rods from assembled colloidal particles of hydrothermally carbonized glucose and their use as templates for silicon carbide and tricopper silicide. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 602:480-489. [PMID: 34139541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Self-aggregated colloids can be used for the preparation of materials, and we studied long rod-like aggregates formed on the evaporation of water from dispersed particles of colloidal hydrochar. The monodispersed hydrochar particles (100-200 nm) were synthesized by the hydrothermal carbonization of glucose and purified through dialysis. During the synthesis they formed colloidal dispersions which were electrostatically stable at intermediate to high pH and at low ion strengths. On the evaporation of water, macroscopically large rods formed from the dispersions at intermediate pH conditions. The rods formed at the solid-water interface orthogonally oriented with respect to the drying direction. Pyrolysis rendered the rods highly porous without qualitatively affecting their shape. A Cu-Si alloy was reactively infiltrated into the in-situ pyrolyzed hydrochars and composites of tricopper silicide (Cu3Si)-silicon carbide (SiC)/carbon formed. During this process, the Si atoms reacted with the C atoms, which in turned caused the alloy to wet and further react with the carbon. The shape of the underlying carbon template was maintained during the reactions, and the formed composite preparation was subsequently calcined into a Cu3Si-SiC-based replica of the rod-like assemblies of carbon-based colloidal particles. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used to study the shape, composition, and structure of the formed solids. Further studies of materials prepared with reactive infiltration of alloys into self-aggregated and carbon-based solids can be justified from a perspective of colloidal science, as well as the explorative use of hydrochar prepared from real biomass, exploration of the compositional space in relation to the reactive infiltration, and applications of the materials in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C SE 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wenming Hao
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C SE 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology 79# West Yingze Street CN 030024 Taiyuan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C SE 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anthony E Szego
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C SE 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Svensson
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C SE 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Hedin
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C SE 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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20
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Effects of Fe/Si Stoichiometry on Formation of Fe3Si/FeSi-Al2O3 Composites by Aluminothermic Combustion Synthesis. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11111709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aluminothermic combustion synthesis was conducted with Fe2O3–Al–Fe–Si reaction systems under Fe/Si stoichiometry from Fe-20 to Fe-50 at. % Si to investigate the formation Fe3Si/FeSi–Al2O3 composites. The solid-state combustion was sufficiently exothermic to sustain the overall reaction in the mode of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). Dependence of iron silicide phases formed from SHS on Fe/Si stoichiometry was examined. Experimental evidence indicated that combustion exothermicity and flame-front velocity were affected by the Si percentage. According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fe3Si–Al2O3 composites were synthesized from the reaction systems with Fe-20 and Fe-25 at.% Si. The increase of Si content led to the formation of both Fe3Si and FeSi in the final products of Fe-33.3 and Fe-40 at.% Si reaction systems, and the content of FeSi increased with Si percentage. Further increase of Si to Fe-50 at.% Si produced the FeSi–Al2O3 composite. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that the fracture surface morphology of the products featured micron-sized and nearly spherical Fe3Si and FeSi particles distributing over the dense and connecting substrate formed by Al2O3.
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21
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Li W, Wang P, Xu C, Tang H, Ren P, Xie Z, Zhou X, Chen J, Wang S, Han S, Zhao Y, Wang L. High-Pressure and High-Temperature Synthesis and In Situ High-Pressure Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Study of HfSi 2. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15215-15222. [PMID: 34612630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
High-quality hafnium disilicide (HfSi2) has been successfully synthesized using a high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) method at 3 GPa and 1573 K in a DS6 × 10 MN cubic press. The modest synthesis temperature is aided by significant decreases in both liquidus and solidus temperatures at high pressure for the Si-rich portion of the Hf-Si binary system. The in situ high-pressure X-ray diffraction study yielded a bulk modulus of B0 = 124.4 ± 0.8 GPa with a fixed B0' = 4.0 for HfSi2, which exhibits a dramatically anisotropic compressibility, with a and c axes nearly twice as incompressible as the b axis. The bulk HfSi2 as synthesized has a Vickers hardness of 6.9 ± 0.1 GPa and high thermal stability of 1163 K in air, indicating its hard and refractory ceramic properties. The core-level XPS data of Hf 4f and Si 2p have been collected on the bulk samples of HfSi2, HfSi, and Hf, as well as Si powder to examine the Hf-Si bonding in hafnium silicides. The Hf 4f7/2 binding energies are 15.0 and 14.8 eV for bulk HfSi2 and HfSi, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Frontier Materials Synthesis at High Pressures, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Pei Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Frontier Materials Synthesis at High Pressures, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.,Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Science, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
| | - Hu Tang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Frontier Materials Synthesis at High Pressures, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ren
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Frontier Materials Synthesis at High Pressures, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Xie
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Frontier Materials Synthesis at High Pressures, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shanmin Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Frontier Materials Synthesis at High Pressures, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.,Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Songbai Han
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Frontier Materials Synthesis at High Pressures, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Frontier Materials Synthesis at High Pressures, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.,Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Frontier Materials Synthesis at High Pressures, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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22
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Kobayashi Y, Tada S, Mizoguchi H. Chemical route to prepare nickel supported on intermetallic Ti 6Si 7Ni 16 nanoparticles catalyzing CO methanation. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16533-16542. [PMID: 34505852 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03102c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ternary intermetallic nickel silicide, Ti6Si7Ni16, nanoparticles with a high surface area of 37.5 m2 g-1 were chemically prepared from SiO2-impregnated oxide precursors, which were reduced at as low as 600 °C by a CaH2 reducing agent in molten LiCl, resulting in the formation of single-phase Ti6Si7Ni16 with a nanosized morphology. The intermetallic Ti6Si7Ni16 phase in the nanoparticles was stabilized in air by surface passive oxide layers of TiOx-SiOy, which facilitated the handling of the nanoparticles. Considering our previous successful work of preparing single-phase LaNi2Si2 (39.3 m2 g-1) and YNi2Si2 (27.0 m2 g-1) nanoparticles in a similar manner, the proposed chemical method showed to be a versatile approach in preparing ternary silicide nanoparticles. In this study, we applied the obtained Ti6Si7Ni16 nanoparticles as catalyst supports in CO methanation. The supported nickel catalyst showed an activation energy of 56 kJ mol-1, which is half as low as that of common TiO2-supported nickel catalysts. Also, Ni/Ti6Si7Ni16 provided the lower activation energy more than any previous Ni-based catalyst. Since the measured work function of Ti6Si7Ni16 (4.5 eV) was lower than that of nickel (5.15 eV), it was suggested that the Ti6Si7Ni16 support can accelerate the rate-determining step of C-O bond dissociation in CO methanation due to its good electron donation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasukazu Kobayashi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Shohei Tada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawacho, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizoguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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23
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Jungwirth F, Porrati F, Schuck AG, Huth M, Barth S. Direct Writing of Cobalt Silicide Nanostructures Using Single-Source Precursors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:48252-48259. [PMID: 34592822 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two new precursors for focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) of cobalt silicides have been synthesized and evaluated. The H3SiCo(CO)4 and H2Si(Co(CO)4)2 single-source precursors retain the initial metal ratios and show low sensitivity to changes in the FEBID parameters such as acceleration voltage, beam current, and precursor pressure. The precursors allow the direct writing of material containing ∼55 to 60 at % total metal/metalloid content combined with high growth rates. During the deposition process an average of ∼80% of the carbonyl ligands are cleaved off in these planar deposits. Postgrowth electron curing does not change the deposits' composition, but resistivities decrease after the curing procedure. Temperature-dependent electrical properties indicate the presence of a granular metal for both cured samples and the as-grown Co2Si deposit, while the as-grown CoSi material is on the insulating side of the metal-insulator transition. The observed magnetoresistance behavior is indicative of tunneling magnetoresistance and is substantially reduced upon postgrowth irradiation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Jungwirth
- Physikalisches Institut, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Porrati
- Physikalisches Institut, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alfons G Schuck
- Physikalisches Institut, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Huth
- Physikalisches Institut, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sven Barth
- Physikalisches Institut, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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24
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Yang K, Chen X, Bai Z, Liang C. Noble metal silicides catalysts with high stability for hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophenes. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Walter C, Menezes PW, Driess M. Perspective on intermetallics towards efficient electrocatalytic water-splitting. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8603-8631. [PMID: 34257861 PMCID: PMC8246119 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01901e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermetallic compounds exhibit attractive electronic, physical, and chemical properties, especially in terms of a high density of active sites and enhanced conductivity, making them an ideal class of materials for electrocatalytic applications. Nevertheless, widespread use of intermetallics for such applications is often limited by the complex energy-intensive processes yielding larger particles with decreased surface areas. In this regard, alternative synthetic strategies are now being explored to realize intermetallics with distinct crystal structures, morphology, and chemical composition to achieve high performance and as robust electrode materials. In this perspective, we focus on the recent advances and progress of intermetallics for the reaction of electrochemical water-splitting. We first introduce fundamental principles and the evaluation parameters of water-splitting. Then, we emphasize the various synthetic methodologies adapted for intermetallics and subsequently, discuss their catalytic activities for water-splitting. In particular, importance has been paid to the chemical stability and the structural transformation of the intermetallics as well as their active structure determination under operating water-splitting conditions. Finally, we describe the challenges and future opportunities to develop novel high-performance and stable intermetallic compounds that can hold the key to more green and sustainable economy and rise beyond the horizon of water-splitting application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Walter
- Derpartment of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 Berlin 10623 Germany
| | - Prashanth W Menezes
- Derpartment of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 Berlin 10623 Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Derpartment of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 Berlin 10623 Germany
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26
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da Cruz ADSE, Puydinger Dos Santos MV, Campanelli RB, Pagliuso PG, Bettini J, Pirota KR, Béron F. Low-temperature electronic transport of manganese silicide shell-protected single crystal nanowires for nanoelectronics applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:3251-3259. [PMID: 36133655 PMCID: PMC9419286 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00809e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, core-shell nanowires have been proposed as potential electrical connectors for nanoelectronics components. A promising candidate is Mn5Si3 nanowires encapsulated in an oxide shell, due to their low reactivity and large flexibility. In this work, we investigate the use of the one-step metallic flux nanonucleation method to easily grow manganese silicide single crystal oxide-protected nanowires by performing their structural and electrical characterization. We find that the fabrication method yields a room-temperature hexagonal crystalline structure with the c-axis along the nanowire. Moreover, the obtained nanowires are metallic at low temperature and low sensitive to a strong external magnetic field. Finally, we observe an unknown electron scattering mechanism for small diameters. In conclusion, the one-step metallic flux nanonucleation method yields intermetallic nanowires suitable for both integration in flexible nanoelectronics as well as low-dimensionality transport experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raul B Campanelli
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin (IFGW), University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas 13083-859 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Pascoal G Pagliuso
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin (IFGW), University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas 13083-859 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Jefferson Bettini
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano) Campinas 13085-903 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Kleber R Pirota
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin (IFGW), University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas 13083-859 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fanny Béron
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin (IFGW), University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas 13083-859 São Paulo Brazil
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27
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Zhang L, Chen X, Liang C. Improving the hydrodesulfurization performance of the sulfur-resistant intermetallic Ni2Si based on a MOF-derived route. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-supported intermetallic nickel silicide (Ni2Si/C) derived from Ni-MOF-74 as a non-sulfide catalyst presents high activity and sulphur-resistance in the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- JinZhong University
- Jinzhong 030619
- P.R. China
- State-Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
| | - Xiao Chen
- State-Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Changhai Liang
- State-Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
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28
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Decocq V, Gui X, Neeson A, Xie W, Heitmann T, Wang F. Crystal Structures, Superconducting Properties, and the Coloring Problem in ReAlSi and ReGaSi. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17310-17319. [PMID: 33196175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The only nonsuperconducting rhenium-silicon binary compound, ReSi1.75, was heavily p-doped with Ga and Al into ReGaSi and ReAlSi in an attempt to evoke superconductivity. They were synthesized and their crystal structures were studied by both X-ray and neutron diffraction. Si and Ga/Al atoms are ordered into alternating layers, which was rationalized with the "coloring problem" study via first-principles calculations. ReGaSi cannot be further p-doped with more Ga, but ReAlSi can be doped with more Al to ReAl1.2Si0.8, in which Si and Al atoms are not ordered but randomly distributed on the same sites. The superconductivity measurements over these compounds demonstrate that the ordered ReAlSi and ReGaSi are not bulk superconductors. However, ReAl1.2Si0.8 becomes bulk superconductor with Tc = ∼3.5 K, which has been confirmed by magnetism, resistivity, and specific heat measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Decocq
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, United States
| | - Xin Gui
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Alec Neeson
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, United States
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Thomas Heitmann
- ̂MU Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, United States
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Single Crystalline Higher Manganese Silicide Nanowire Arrays with Outstanding Physical Properties through Double Tube Chemical Vapor Deposition. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091880. [PMID: 32961744 PMCID: PMC7559932 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report a novel and efficient silicidation method to synthesize higher manganese silicide (HMS) nanowires with interesting characterization and physical properties. High density silicon nanowire arrays fabricated by chemical etching reacted with MnCl2 precursor through a unique double tube chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system, where we could enhance the vapor pressure of the precursor and provide stable Mn vapor with a sealing effect. It is crucial that the method enables the efficient formation of high quality higher manganese silicide nanowires without a change in morphology and aspect ratio during the process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to characterize the HMS nanowires. High-resolution TEM studies confirm that the HMS nanowires were single crystalline Mn27Si47 nanowires of Nowotny Chimney Ladder crystal structures. Magnetic property measurements show that the Mn27Si47 nanowire arrays were ferromagnetic at room temperature with a Curie temperature of over 300 K, highly depending on the relationship between the direction of the applied electric field and the axial direction of the standing nanowire arrays. Field emission measurements indicate that the 20 μm long nanowires possessed a field enhancement factor of 3307. The excellent physical properties of the HMS nanowires (NWs) make them attractive choices for applications in spintronic devices and field emitters.
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30
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Marakatti VS, Gaigneaux EM. Recent Advances in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Ammonia Synthesis. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijaykumar S. Marakatti
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN) Molecular chemistry, Solids and caTalysis(MOST) Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Louvain-la-Neuve BE-1348 Belgium
| | - Eric M. Gaigneaux
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN) Molecular chemistry, Solids and caTalysis(MOST) Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Louvain-la-Neuve BE-1348 Belgium
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31
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Morphology and Microstructure Evolution of Gold Nanostructures in the Limited Volume Porous Matrices. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20164397. [PMID: 32781722 PMCID: PMC7472280 DOI: 10.3390/s20164397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The modern development of nanotechnology requires the discovery of simple approaches that ensure the controlled formation of functional nanostructures with a predetermined morphology. One of the simplest approaches is the self-assembly of nanostructures. The widespread implementation of self-assembly is limited by the complexity of controlled processes in a large volume where, due to the temperature, ion concentration, and other thermodynamics factors, local changes in diffusion-limited processes may occur, leading to unexpected nanostructure growth. The easiest ways to control the diffusion-limited processes are spatial limitation and localized growth of nanostructures in a porous matrix. In this paper, we propose to apply the method of controlled self-assembly of gold nanostructures in a limited pore volume of a silicon oxide matrix with submicron pore sizes. A detailed study of achieved gold nanostructures’ morphology, microstructure, and surface composition at different formation stages is carried out to understand the peculiarities of realized nanostructures. Based on the obtained results, a mechanism for the growth of gold nanostructures in a limited volume, which can be used for the controlled formation of nanostructures with a predetermined geometry and composition, has been proposed. The results observed in the present study can be useful for the design of plasmonic-active surfaces for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy-based detection of ultra-low concentration of different chemical or biological analytes, where the size of the localized gold nanostructures is comparable with the spot area of the focused laser beam.
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32
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Kumar R, Bahri M, Song Y, Gonell F, Thomas C, Ersen O, Sanchez C, Laberty-Robert C, Portehault D. Phase selective synthesis of nickel silicide nanocrystals in molten salts for electrocatalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15209-15213. [PMID: 32638791 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04284f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report phase selective synthesis of intermetallic nickel silicide nanocrystals in inorganic molten salts. NiSi and Ni2Si nanocrystals are obtained by reacting a nickel(ii) salt and sodium silicide Na4Si4 in the molten LiI-KI inorganic eutectic salt mixture. We report that nickel silicide nanocrystals are precursors to active electrocatalysts in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and may be low-cost alternatives to iridium-based electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Kumar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Mounib Bahri
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de physique et de chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), 23 rue du Loess, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yang Song
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Francisco Gonell
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Cyril Thomas
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de la Surface (LRS), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de physique et de chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), 23 rue du Loess, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Clément Sanchez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Christel Laberty-Robert
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - David Portehault
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (CMCP), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
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33
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Chen X, Han S, Yin D, Liang C. Intermetallic Ni2Si/SiCN as a highly efficient catalyst for the one-pot tandem synthesis of imines and secondary amines. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi01077g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
For the one-pot reductive amination of benzaldehyde with nitrobenzene, intermetallic Ni2Si/SiCN from the decomposition of a nickel-modified polysilazane precursor exhibited high activity (>99%) and high selectivity (92% to aromatic amine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals & Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Shuhua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals & Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Dongdong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals & Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Changhai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals & Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
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