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Ackermann MT, Szlosek R, Riesinger C, Seidl M, Timoshkin AY, Rivard E, Scheer M. NHC-Stabilized Mixed Group 13/14/15 Element Hydrides. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303680. [PMID: 38009601 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses of novel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) adducts of group 13, 14 and 15 element hydrides are reported. Salt metathesis reactions between NaPH2 and IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 OTf (1) (IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) led to mixtures of the two isomers IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 PH2 (2 a) and IDipp ⋅ BH2 GeH2 PH2 (2 b); by altering the reaction conditions an almost exclusive formation of 2 b was achieved. Attempts to purify mixtures of 2 a and 2 b by re-crystallization from THF afforded a salt [IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 ⋅ IDipp][PHGeH2 BH2 PH2 BH2 GeH2 ] (4) that contains the novel anionic cyclohexyl-like inorganic heterocycle [PHGeH2 BH2 PH2 BH2 GeH2 ]- . In addition, the borane adducts IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 PH2 BH3 (3 a) and IDipp ⋅ BH2 GeH2 PH2 BH3 (3 b) as even longer chain compounds were obtained from reactions of 2 a/2 b with H3 B ⋅ SMe2 and were studied by NMR spectroscopy. Accompanying DFT computations give insight into the mechanism and energetics associated with 2 a/2 b isomerization as well as their decomposition pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T Ackermann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Szlosek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Riesinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of General and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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2
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Ackermann MT, Seidl M, Grande R, Zhou Y, Ferguson MJ, Timoshkin AY, Rivard E, Scheer M. A convenient route to mixed cationic group 13/14/15 compounds. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2313-2317. [PMID: 36873855 PMCID: PMC9977462 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06594k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of novel cationic mixed main group compounds is reported revealing a chain composed of different elements of group 13, 14, and 15. Reactions of different pnictogenylboranes R2EBH2·NMe3 (E = P, R = Ph, H; E = As, R = Ph, H) with the NHC-stabilized compound IDipp·GeH2BH2OTf (1) (IDipp = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazole-2-ylidene) were carried out, yielding the novel cationic, mixed group 13/14/15 compounds [IDipp·GeH2BH2ER2BH2·NMe3]+ (2a E = P; R = Ph; 2b E = As; R = Ph; 3a E = P; R = H; 3b E = As; R = H) by the nucleophilic substitution of the triflate (OTf) group. The products were analysed by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and for 2a and 2b also by X-ray structure analysis. Further reactions of 1 with H2EBH2·IDipp (E = P, As) resulted in the unprecedented parent complexes [IDipp·GeH2BH2EH2BH2·IDipp][OTf] (5a E = P; 5b E = As), which were studied by X-ray structure analysis, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Accompanying DFT computations give insight into the stability of the formed products with respect to their decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T Ackermann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of General and Theoretical Chemistry, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Riccardo Grande
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Yuqiao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya emb. 7/9 199034 St Petersburg Russia
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
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3
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Stigler S, Park M, Porzelt A, Kostenko A, Henschel D, Inoue S. Conversion of an NHC-Stabilized Silyliumylidene to a Dicationic Silicon(IV) Complex Capable of CO 2 Activation. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Saurwein A, Nobis M, Inoue S, Rieger B. Synthesis of a Triphenylphosphinimide-Substituted Silirane as a "Masked" Acyclic Silylene. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9983-9989. [PMID: 35736818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphinimides are long known as useful ligands in transition metal chemistry, but examples of these in low-valent silicon chemistry are rather rare. Hence, in this work, we report on the implementation of a triphenylphosphinimide moiety as a ligand of a novel silylene that is trapped as a silirane with cyclohexene. By performing activation reactions with B(p-Tol)3, HSiEt3, N2O, and NH3, we demonstrate that the silirane exhibits a silylene-like behavior, making it a "masked" silylene. Furthermore, we treated the silirane with ethylene, propylene, and trans-butene, which led to an olefin exchange. In the case of ethylene and propylene, an additional insertion of the olefin into the silicon-silicon bonds of the respective siliranes could be achieved. As the insertion of trans-butene was not feasible, we surmise that the scope of this reactivity is restricted by the steric demand of the olefin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Saurwein
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.,WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Matthias Nobis
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.,WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
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5
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Lee J, Fan J, Koh AP, Cheang WJJ, Yang MC, Su MD, So CW. An Amidinato Isopropylmethylamidosilylene‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Carbonyl Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Lee
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Jun Fan
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - An-Ping Koh
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Wan-Jun Joslyn Cheang
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Ming-Chung Yang
- National Chiayi University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Ming-Der Su
- National Chiayi University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Cheuk-Wai So
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore SINGAPORE
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Ackermann MT, Seidl M, Wen F, Ferguson MJ, Timoshkin AY, Rivard E, Scheer M. An NHC-Stabilized H 2 GeBH 2 Precursor for the Preparation of Cationic Group 13/14/15 Hydride Chains. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103780. [PMID: 34761837 PMCID: PMC9299135 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and reactivity studies of the NHC‐stabilized complex IDipp ⋅ GeH2BH2OTf (1) (IDipp=1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene) are reported. Nucleophilic substitution of the triflate (OTf) group in 1 by phosphine or arsine donors provides access to the cationic group 13/14/15 chains [IDipp ⋅ GeH2BH2ERR1R2]+ (2 E=P; R, R1=H; R2=tBu; 3 E=P; R=H; R1, R2=Ph; 4 a E=P; R, R1, R2=Ph; 4 b E=As; R, R1, R2=Ph). These novel cationic chains were characterized by X‐ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Moreover, the formation of the parent complexes [IDipp ⋅ GeH2BH2PH3][OTf] (5) and [IDipp ⋅ GeH3][OTf] (6) were achieved by reaction of 1 with PH3. Accompanying DFT computations give insight into the stability of the formed chains with respect to their decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T Ackermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Fuwei Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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Wang H, Xie Z. Synthesis and Reactivity of Carboranylsilylene Stabilized Boranes: Construction of Carborane-Fused Silaboracycles. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
The amidinatoamidosilylene [LSiNMe2] [1; L = PhC(NtBu)2] was reacted with B2Br4(SMe2)2 in toluene at room temperature to form the bis(silylene)tetrabromodiborane [L{Me2N}Si]2B2Br4 (2). It was then reacted with excess KC8 in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature to afford the bis(silylene)dibromodiborene [L{Me2N}Si]2B2Br2 (3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Ming-Chung Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Der Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Wai So
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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9
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Sasaki H, Yokouchi Y, Nukazawa T, Iwamoto T. Rapid and Mild Synthesis of an NHC-Coordinated Bis(trimethylsilyl)silylene via Elimination of Halotrimethylsilane. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuki Yokouchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takumi Nukazawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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10
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Sen N, Parvin N, Tothadi S, Khan S. Reactivity of (TMS)2N(η1-Cp*)Si═Si(η1-Cp*)N(TMS)2 toward the Halides of Groups 13–15. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Nasrina Parvin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Srinu Tothadi
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Shabana Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
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11
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Abstract
The reaction of bis(silylenyl)-substituted ferrocene 1 with two molar equivalents of BPh3 yields the corresponding bis(silylene-borane) Lewis adduct 2. The latter is capable to activate CO2 to furnish the borane-stabilized bis(silanone) 3 through mono-oxygenation of the dative SiII →B silicon centers under release of CO. Removal of BPh3 from 3 with PMe3 affords the corresponding 1,3,2,4-cyclodisiloxane and the Me3 P-BPh3 adduct. All isolated new compounds were characterized and their molecular structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel‐Philip Luecke
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 115, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Elron Pens
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 115, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Shenglai Yao
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 115, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 115, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
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12
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Abstract
The first N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) stabilized silyl-substituted chlorosilylene (1) was isolated via selective dehydrochlorination by NHC from silyl-based Si(IV) precursor tBu3SiSiHCl2. Compound 1 can form an iron chlorosilylene complex (2) with an iron carbonyl dimer and undergoes chloride/hydride metathesis to yield a stable NHC-silylene hydride borane adduct (3). Upon treatment with additional NHC, chlorosilylene 1 was converted into silyl-substituted silyliumylidene ions (4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Dübek
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center and WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry , Technical University of Munich , Lichtenbergstraße 4 , D-85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Franziska Hanusch
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center and WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry , Technical University of Munich , Lichtenbergstraße 4 , D-85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center and WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry , Technical University of Munich , Lichtenbergstraße 4 , D-85748 Garching , Germany
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13
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Abstract
The catalytic dehydrocoupling of amine–boranes has recently received a great deal of attention due to its potential in hydrogen storage applications. The use of aluminum catalysts for this transformation would provide an additional cost-effective and sustainable approach towards the hydrogen economy. Herein, we report the use of both N-heterocyclic imine (NHI)- and carbene (NHC)-supported Al(III) hydrides and their role in the catalytic dehydrocoupling of Me2NHBH3. Differences in the σ-donating ability of the ligand class resulted in a more stable catalyst for NHI-Al(III) hydrides, whereas a deactivation pathway was found in the case of NHC-Al(III) hydrides.
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