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Maikoo S, Xulu B, Mambanda A, Mkhwanazi N, Davison C, de la Mare J, Booysen IN. Biomolecular Interactions of Cytotoxic Ruthenium Compounds with Thiosemicarbazone or Benzothiazole Schiff Base Chelates. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200444. [PMID: 36041073 PMCID: PMC9826503 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein we illustrate the formation and characterization of new paramagnetic ruthenium compounds, trans-P-[RuCl(PPh3 )2 (pmt)]Cl (1) (Hpmt=1-((pyridin-2-yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazide), trans-P-[RuCl(PPh3 )2 (tmc)]Cl (2) (Htmc=1-((thiophen-2-yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazide) and a diamagnetic ruthenium complex, cis-Cl, trans-P-[RuCl2 (PPh3 )2 (btm)] (3) (btm=2-((5-hydroxypentylimino)methyl)benzothiazole). Agarose gel electrophoresis experiments of the metal compounds illustrated dose-dependent binding to gDNA by 1-3, while methylene blue competition assays suggested that 1 and 2 are also DNA intercalators. Assessment of the effects of the compounds on topoisomerase function indicated that 1-3 are capable of inhibiting topoisomerase I activity in terms of the ability to nick supercoiled plasmid DNA. The cytotoxic activities of the metal complexes were determined against a range of cancer cell lines versus a non-tumorigenic control cell line, and the complexes were, in general, more cytotoxic towards the cancer cells, displaying IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Time-dependent stability studies showed that in the presence of strong nucleophilic species (such as DMSO), the chloride co-ligands of 1-3 are rapidly substituted by the former as proven by the suppression of the substitution reactions in the presence of an excess amount of chloride ions. The metal complexes are significantly stable in both DCM and an aqueous phosphate buffer containing 2 % DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Maikoo
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
| | - Bheki Xulu
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
| | - Allen Mambanda
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
| | - Ntando Mkhwanazi
- Centre for Chemico and Biomedicinal ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyFaculty of ScienceRhodes UniversityPO Box 94Grahamstown6140South Africa
| | - Candace Davison
- Centre for Chemico and Biomedicinal ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyFaculty of ScienceRhodes UniversityPO Box 94Grahamstown6140South Africa
| | - Jo‐Anne de la Mare
- Centre for Chemico and Biomedicinal ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyFaculty of ScienceRhodes UniversityPO Box 94Grahamstown6140South Africa
| | - Irvin Noel Booysen
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
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Aktaş A, Yakalı G, Demir Y, Gülçin İ, Aygün M, Gök Y. The palladium-based complexes bearing 1,3-dibenzylbenzimidazolium with morpholine, triphenylphosphine, and pyridine derivate ligands: synthesis, characterization, structure and enzyme inhibitions. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10625. [PMID: 36185151 PMCID: PMC9520214 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The palladium-based complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand have long attracted attention as active catalysts for many catalytic reactions. Recently, the biological activities of these complexes, which are stable to air and moisture, have also been wondered. With the aim, we report the synthesis of a series of (NHC)Pd(Br2)(L) complexes (NHC: 1,3-dibenzylbenzimidazolium, L: morpholine, triphenylphosphine, pyridine, 3-chloropyridine, and 2-aminopyridine). All complexes were characterized by NMR (1H and 13C), FTIR spectroscopic and elemental analysis techniques. In addition, the single crystal structures of the complex 3, 4, and 6 were determined through single crystal x-ray crystallographic method. Furthermore, the carbonic anhydrase I and II isoenzymes (hCAs) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition effects of these palladium-based complexes bearing NHC ligand were investigated. They showed highly potent inhibition effect with Ki values are between 10.06 ± 1.49–68.56 ± 11.53 nM for hCA I isoenzyme, 7.74 ± 0.66 to 49.39 ± 6.50 nM for hCA II isoenzyme and 22.83 ± 3.21 to 64.09 ± 9.05 nM for AChE enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydın Aktaş
- Inonu University, Vocational School of Health Service, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Gül Yakalı
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Katip Celebi University, 35620, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, 75000, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
- Corresponding author.
| | - Muhittin Aygün
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, 35150, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yetkin Gök
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
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Gold(I) Complexes with P-Donor Ligands and Their Biological Evaluation. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold(I) complexes with phosphine ligands—[Au(TrippyPhos)Cl] (1) (TrippyPhos = 1-[2-[bis(tert-butyl)phosphino]phenyl]-3,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole), [Au(BippyPhos)Cl]0.5CH2Cl2 (2) (BippyPhos = 5-(di-tert-butylphosphino)-1′, 3′, 5′-triphenyl-1′H-[1,4′]bipyrazole), and [Au(meCgPPh)Cl] (3) (meCgPPh = 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-6-phenyl-2,4,8-trioxa-6-phosphaadamantane—were investigated as types of bioactive gold metallodrugs. Complexes (1)–(3) were characterized using IR, 1H, 13C, 31P NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and mass spectrometry (FAB-MS). Complexes of (1) and (2) exhibited substantial in vitro cytotoxicity (IC50 = 0.5–7.0 μM) against both the cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant variants of the A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cell line, as well as against the A549 human lung carcinoma, K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia, and HeLa (human cervix carcinoma) cells. However, among the compounds studied, complex (2) showed the most promising biological properties: the highest stability in biologically relevant media, selectivity towards cancer cells over the non-cancer cells (HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells), and the highest inhibitory effect on cytosolic NADPH-dependent reductases in A2780 and A2780cis cells among the gold complexes under analysis.
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Sindhu M, Kalaivani P, Prabhakaran R. Enhanced anticancer property of bio‐organometallic nano composites: Design, characterization, and biological evaluation. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathiyazhagan Sindhu
- Department of Chemistry, Nirmala College for Women Bharathiar University Coimbatore India
| | - Palaniappan Kalaivani
- Department of Chemistry, Nirmala College for Women Bharathiar University Coimbatore India
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Ruthenium Complexes as Promising Candidates against Lung Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154389. [PMID: 34361543 PMCID: PMC8348655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies with the highest mortality rate and the second-highest incidence rate after breast cancer, posing a serious threat to human health. The accidental discovery of the antitumor properties of cisplatin in the early 1960s aroused a growing interest in metal-based compounds for cancer treatment. However, the clinical application of cisplatin is limited by serious side effects and drug resistance. Therefore, other transition metal complexes have been developed for the treatment of different malignant cancers. Among them, Ru(II/III)-based complexes have emerged as promising anticancer drug candidates due to their potential anticancer properties and selective cytotoxic activity. In this review, we summarized the latest developments of Ru(II/III) complexes against lung cancer, focusing mainly on the mechanisms of their biological activities, including induction of apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell proliferation, and invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells.
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Guerrero-Pepinosa NY, Cardona-Trujillo MC, Garzón-Castaño SC, Veloza LA, Sepúlveda-Arias JC. Antiproliferative activity of thiazole and oxazole derivatives: A systematic review of in vitro and in vivo studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111495. [PMID: 33765586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiazole and oxazole are compounds with a heterocyclic nucleus that have attracted the attention of medicinal chemistry due to the great variety of biological activities that they enable. In recent years, their study has increased, finding a wide range of biological activities, including antifungal, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. This systematic review provides evidence from the literature on the antiproliferative and antitumor activities of thiazole and oxazole and their derivatives from 2014 to April 2020. Three bibliographical databases were consulted (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus), and a total of 32 studies were included in this paper based on our eligibility criteria. The analysis of the activity-structure relationship allows us to conclude that most of the promising compounds identified contained thiazole nuclei or derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Y Guerrero-Pepinosa
- Grupo Infección e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia
| | - María C Cardona-Trujillo
- Grupo Infección e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Sandra C Garzón-Castaño
- Grupo Infección e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia; Grupo Biomedicina, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Luz Angela Veloza
- Grupo Polifenoles, Facultad de Tecnología, Escuela de Química, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Juan C Sepúlveda-Arias
- Grupo Infección e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia.
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Synthesis, structures and anticancer potentials of five platinum(II) complexes with benzothiazole-benzopyran targeting mitochondria. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.115004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sindhu M, Kalaivani P, Prabhakaran R. New organoruthenium metallates containing ferrocenecarboxalidine thiosemicarbazones and their nucleic acid/albumin binding and
in vitro
cytotoxicity. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathiyazhagan Sindhu
- Department of Chemistry, Nirmala College for Women Bharathiar University Coimbatore 641 018 India
| | - Palaniappan Kalaivani
- Department of Chemistry, Nirmala College for Women Bharathiar University Coimbatore 641 018 India
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