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Warren JJ. Examining the Importance of Hydrogen Bonding and Proton Transfer in Iron Porphyrin-Mediated Carbon Dioxide Upconversion. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:2512-2521. [PMID: 39163548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusThe title should give a sense of the "big picture" of this Account, but what is it really about? An unexpected change in research direction? A series of courageous and creative students? A team taking on challenging problems in chemistry? The answer is a definite "yes" to all of the above. More specifically, the problem in which we are interested is the upconversion or valorization of carbon dioxide. This problem has captured the attention of a great many chemists in earnest following the gas crisis of the 1970s and more recently galvanized due to climate concerns arising from the ongoing release of anthropogenic carbon. Addressing the problem of atmospheric carbon accumulation requires effort in two very broad areas: capture and conversion. Storage is an alternative to conversion, but this eliminates the opportunity to use what might be otherwise a waste product. Our group has investigated a series of modified versions of iron(III)-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (FeTPP) that can convert CO2 to carbon monoxide, which is a versatile and useful precursor for other syntheses. Following pioneering work from Savéant and his colleagues in the 1990s and thereafter, we started with a simple question: how many pendent ancillary groups that can donate H-bonds or protons are needed to support efficient CO2-to-CO conversion? Using a molecule with only one 2-hydroxylphenyl group, we demonstrated that the single prepositioned -OH group gave rise to efficient turnover, but only when experiments were carried out in a weakly H-bond-accepting solvent system. In other words, the ability of a solvent to accept H-bonds can impede CO2 reduction. We followed up with a deeper investigation of the influence of H-bonding interactions with external acids in FeTPP-mediated CO2 reduction. Savéant's framework mechanism appears to be independent of solvent, and rate differences can be approximated by considering H-bonding equilibria. Following that work, we sought to better understand the minimum catalyst design requirements with respect to internal H-bond/proton donors. To that end, we produced all possible isomers of tetraarylpoprhyrins with 2,6-dihydroxyphenyl + phenyl groups. All else being equal, the complexes with a formally trans orientation of the 2,6-dihydroxyphenyl groups performed the best. Most recently, we surveyed the roles of internal and external Brønsted acids with different pKa values. Surprisingly, the best-performing catalysts have more weakly acidic internal groups. Overall, our work has demonstrated that CO2 reduction mediated by porphyrin catalysts can be improved by considering solvent H-bonding, the orientation of internal H-bonding groups, and the balance of the pKa values of internal and external acids. The future for molecular electrocatalysts is promising as more ideas emerge about how to design molecules and conditions for CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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2
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Trevino RE, Fuller JT, Reid DJ, Laureanti JA, Ginovska B, Linehan JC, Shaw WJ. Understanding the role of negative charge in the scaffold of an artificial enzyme for CO 2 hydrogenation on catalysis. J Biol Inorg Chem 2024; 29:625-638. [PMID: 39207604 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-024-02070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
We have approached the construction of an artificial enzyme by employing a robust protein scaffold, lactococcal multidrug resistance regulator, LmrR, providing a structured secondary and outer coordination spheres around a molecular rhodium complex, [RhI(PEt2NglyPEt2)2]-. Previously, we demonstrated a 2-3 fold increase in activity for one Rh-LmrR construct by introducing positive charge in the secondary coordination sphere. In this study, a series of variants was made through site-directed mutagenesis where the negative charge is located in the secondary sphere or outer coordination sphere, with additional variants made with increasingly negative charge in the outer coordination sphere while keeping a positive charge in the secondary sphere. Placing a negative charge in the secondary or outer coordination sphere demonstrates decreased activity by a factor of two compared to the wild-type Rh-LmrR. Interestingly, addition of positive charge in the secondary sphere, with the negatively charged outer coordination sphere restores activity. Vibrational and NMR spectroscopy suggest minimal changes to the electronic density at the rhodium center, regardless of inclusion of a negative or positive charge in the secondary sphere, suggesting another mechanism is impacting catalytic activity, explored in the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina E Trevino
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN J7-10, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Jack T Fuller
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN J7-10, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Deseree J Reid
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN J7-10, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Joseph A Laureanti
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN J7-10, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
- Admiral Instruments, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Bojana Ginovska
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN J7-10, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - John C Linehan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN J7-10, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Wendy J Shaw
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN J7-10, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
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3
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Mari V, Karmodak N. Tuning the product selectivity of single-atom catalysts for CO 2 reduction beyond CO formation by orbital engineering. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39188223 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02650k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) is one of the promising strategies for developing sustainable energy resources. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as efficient catalysts for CO2R. However, the efficiency of SACs for the formation of reduction products beyond two-step CO formation is low due to the lower binding strength of the CO intermediate. In this study, we present an orbital engineering strategy based on density functional theory calculations and the fragment molecular orbital approach to tune product selectivity for the CO2R reaction on macrocycle based molecular catalysts (porphyrin and phthalocyanine) and extended SACs (graphene and covalent organic frameworks) with Fe, Co, and Ni dopants. The introduction of neutral axial ligands such as imidazole, pyridine, and trimethyl phosphine to the metal dopants enhances the binding affinity of the CO intermediate. The stability of the catalysts is investigated through the thermodynamic binding energy of the axial ligands and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations (AIMD). The grand canonical potential method is used to determine the reaction free energy values. Using a unified activity volcano plot based on the reaction free energy values, we investigated the catalytic activity and product selectivity at an applied potential of -0.8 V vs. SHE and a pH of 6.8. We found that with the imidazole and pyridine axial ligands, the selectivity of Fe-doped SACs towards the formation of the methanol product is improved. The activity volcano plot for these SACs shows a similar activity to that of the Cu (211) surface. The catalytic activity is found to be directly proportional to the sigma-donating ability of the axial ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanthapandiyan Mari
- Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Greater Noida, 201314, India.
| | - Naiwrit Karmodak
- Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Greater Noida, 201314, India.
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4
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Fang J, Zhu YN, Long X, Li XB, Zhang Q, Yang G, Du S, Liu Z, Liu Z, Peng F. Theoretical calculations and experimental verification of carbon dioxide reduction electrocatalyzed by metalloporphyrin. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 668:366-374. [PMID: 38678891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Metal-functionalized porphyrin-like graphene structures are promising electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) as their metal centers can modulate activity. Yet, the role of metal center of metalloporphyrins (MTPPs) in CO2 reaction activity is still lacking deep understanding. Here, CO2RR mechanism on MTPPs with five different metal centers (M = Fe, Co, Cu, Zn and Ni) are examined by first-principles calculations. The *COOH formation is the rate determined step on the five MTPP structures, and the CoTPP exhibits the best CO2RR activity while ZnTPP and NiTPP are the worst, which is also verified by our experiment. The CO2RR activity is controlled by adsorption states of intermediates (*CO, *COOH), i.e., chemisorption (e.g., on CoTPP) and physisorption (on ZnTPP and NiTPP) of intermediates will lead to good and poor activity, respectively. The deeper the d-band center of the porphyrin ring complexed metal atom, the weaker bonding of MTPP with CO and COOH. Theoretical calculations and experimental results indicate that MTPPs with Co and Fe centers lead to a reduction in the energy barriers for the two uphill reaction steps in the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction process, thereby enhancing CO2 reduction electrocatalytic activity. Faradaic efficiency of CO is correlated with the reaction energy barrier of the first proton-coupled electron reduction process, displaying a strong linear correlation. This work provides a fundamental understanding of MTPPs used as electrocatalysts for CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhu
- Institute of Semiconductors, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Xuemei Long
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xi-Bo Li
- Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guangxing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shengjun Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhting Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhuming Liu
- Institute of Semiconductors, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Feng Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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5
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Lawson SE, Roberts RJ, Leznoff DB, Warren JJ. Dramatic Improvement of Homogeneous Carbon Dioxide and Bicarbonate Electroreduction Using a Tetracationic Water-Soluble Cobalt Phthalocyanine. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22306-22317. [PMID: 39083751 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) offers the opportunity to transform a greenhouse gas into valuable starting materials, chemicals, or fuels. Since many CO2 capture strategies employ aqueous alkaline solutions, there is interest in catalyst systems that can act directly on such capture solutions. Herein, we demonstrate new catalyst designs where the electroactive molecules readily mediate the CO2-to-CO conversion in aqueous solutions between pH 4.5 and 10.5. Likewise, the production of CO directly from 2 M KHCO3 solutions (pH 8.2) is possible. The improved molecular architectures are based on cobalt(II) phthalocyanine and contain four cationic trimethylammonium groups that confer water solubility and contribute to the stabilization of activated intermediates via a concentrated positive charge density around the active core. Turnover frequencies larger than 103 s-1 are possible at catalyst concentrations of down to 250 nM in CO2-saturated solutions. The observed rates are substantially larger than the related cobalt phthalocyanine-containing catalysts. Density functional theory calculations support the idea that the excellent catalytic properties are attributed to the ability of the cationic groups to stabilize CO2-bound reduced intermediates in the catalytic cycle. The homogeneous, aqueous CO2 reduction that these molecules perform opens new frontiers for further development of the CoPc platform and sets a greatly improved baseline for CoPc-mediated CO2 upconversion. Ultimately, this discovery uncovers a strategy for the generation of platforms for practical CO2 reduction catalysts in alkaline solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scheryn E Lawson
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC, Burnaby V5A1S6, Canada
| | - Ryan J Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC, Burnaby V5A1S6, Canada
| | - Daniel B Leznoff
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC, Burnaby V5A1S6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey J Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC, Burnaby V5A1S6, Canada
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Cruz Neto DH, Pugliese E, Gotico P, Quaranta A, Leibl W, Steenkeste K, Peláez D, Pino T, Halime Z, Ha-Thi MH. Time-Resolved Mechanistic Depiction of Photoinduced CO 2 Reduction Catalysis on a Urea-Modified Iron Porphyrin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407723. [PMID: 38781123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of functional artificial photosynthetic devices relies on the understanding of mechanistic aspects involved in specialized photocatalysts. Modified iron porphyrins have long been explored as efficient catalysts for the light-induced reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) towards solar fuels. In spite of the advancements in homogeneous catalysis, the development of the next generation of catalysts requires a complete understanding of the fundamental photoinduced processes taking place prior to and after activation of the substrate by the catalyst. In this work, we employ a state-of-the-art nanosecond optical transient absorption spectroscopic setup with a double excitation capability to induce charge accumulation and trigger the reduction of CO2 to carbon monoxide (CO). Our biomimetic system is composed of a urea-modified iron(III) tetraphenylporphyrin (UrFeIII) catalyst, the prototypical [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) used as a photosensitizer, and sodium ascorbate as an electron donor. Under inert atmosphere, we show that two electrons can be successively accumulated on the catalyst as the fates of the photogenerated UrFeII and UrFeI reduced species are tracked. In the presence of CO2, the catalytic cycle is kick-started providing further evidence on CO2 activation by the UrFe catalyst in its formal FeI oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Cruz Neto
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Eva Pugliese
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Philipp Gotico
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Annamaria Quaranta
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Karine Steenkeste
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Daniel Peláez
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Pino
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Minh-Huong Ha-Thi
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
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7
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Yang S, Yuan H, Guo K, Wei Z, Ming M, Yi J, Jiang L, Han Z. Fluorinated chlorin chromophores for red-light-driven CO 2 reduction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5704. [PMID: 38977670 PMCID: PMC11231220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of low-energy photons in light-driven reactions is an effective strategy for improving the efficiency of solar energy conversion. In nature, photosynthetic organisms use chlorophylls to harvest the red portion of sunlight, which ultimately drives the reduction of CO2. However, a molecular system that mimics such function is extremely rare in non-noble-metal catalysis. Here we report a series of synthetic fluorinated chlorins as biomimetic chromophores for CO2 reduction, which catalytically produces CO under both 630 nm and 730 nm light irradiation, with turnover numbers of 1790 and 510, respectively. Under appropriate conditions, the system lasts over 240 h and stays active under 1% concentration of CO2. Mechanistic studies reveal that chlorin and chlorinphlorin are two key intermediates in red-light-driven CO2 reduction, while corresponding porphyrin and bacteriochlorin are much less active forms of chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuting Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Ming
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinzhi Yi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiji Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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8
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Romero-Angel M, Amrine R, Ávila-Bolívar B, Almora-Barrios N, Ganivet CR, Padial NM, Montiel V, Solla-Gullón J, Tatay S, Martí-Gastaldo C. Tailoring the efficiency of porphyrin molecular frameworks for the electroactivation of molecular N 2. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2024; 12:10956-10964. [PMID: 38725524 PMCID: PMC11077505 DOI: 10.1039/d3ta07004b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The combination of compositional versatility and topological diversity for the integration of electroactive species into high-porosity molecular architectures is perhaps one of the main appeals of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the field of electrocatalysis. This premise has attracted much interest in recent years, and the results generated have also revealed one of the main limitations of molecular materials in this context: low stability under electrocatalytic conditions. Using zirconium MOFs as a starting point, in this work, we use this stability as a variable to discriminate between the most suitable electrocatalytic reaction and specific topologies within this family. Our results revealed that the PCN-224 family is particularly suitable for the electroreduction of molecular nitrogen for the formation of ammonia with faradaic efficiencies above 30% in the presence of Ni2+ sites, an activity that improves most of the catalysts described. We also introduce the fluorination of porphyrin at the meso position as a good alternative to improve both the activity and stability of this material under electrocatalytic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Romero-Angel
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Roumayssa Amrine
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain
| | - Beatriz Ávila-Bolívar
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain
| | - Neyvis Almora-Barrios
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Carolina R Ganivet
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Natalia M Padial
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Vicente Montiel
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain
| | - José Solla-Gullón
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain
| | - Sergio Tatay
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Carlos Martí-Gastaldo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
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9
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Alvarez-Hernandez JL, Zhang X, Cui K, Deziel AP, Hammes-Schiffer S, Hazari N, Piekut N, Zhong M. Long-range electrostatic effects from intramolecular Lewis acid binding influence the redox properties of cobalt-porphyrin complexes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6800-6815. [PMID: 38725508 PMCID: PMC11077573 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06177a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A CoII-porphyrin complex (1) with an appended aza-crown ether for Lewis acid (LA) binding was synthesized and characterized. NMR spectroscopy and electrochemistry show that cationic group I and II LAs (i.e., Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+) bind to the aza-crown ether group of 1. The binding constant for Li+ is comparable to that observed for a free aza-crown ether. LA binding causes an anodic shift in the CoII/CoI couple of between 10 and 40 mV and also impacts the CoIII/CoII couple. The magnitude of the anodic shift of the CoII/CoI couple varies linearly with the strength of the LA as determined by the pKa of the corresponding metal-aqua complex, with dications giving larger shifts than monocations. The extent of the anodic shift of the CoII/CoI couple also increases as the ionic strength of the solution decreases. This is consistent with electric field effects being responsible for the changes in the redox properties of 1 upon LA binding and provides a novel method to tune the reduction potential. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the bound LA is 5.6 to 6.8 Å away from the CoII ion, demonstrating that long-range electrostatic effects, which do not involve changes to the primary coordination sphere, are responsible for the variations in redox chemistry. Compound 1 was investigated as a CO2 reduction electrocatalyst and shows high activity but rapid decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Kai Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | | | | | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Nicole Piekut
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Mingjiang Zhong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
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10
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Yuan H, Krishna A, Wei Z, Su Y, Chen J, Hua W, Zheng Z, Song D, Mu Q, Pan W, Xiao L, Yan J, Li G, Yang W, Deng Z, Peng Y. Ligand-Bound CO 2 as a Nonclassical Route toward Efficient Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction with a Ni N-Confused Porphyrin. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10550-10558. [PMID: 38584353 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Implementing the synergistic effects between the metal and the ligand has successfully streamlined the energetics for CO2 activation and gained high catalytic activities, establishing the important breakthroughs in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Herein, we describe a Ni(II) N-confused porphyrin complex (NiNCP) featuring an acidic N-H group. It is readily deprotonated and exists in an anion form during catalysis. Owing to this functional site, NiNCP gave rise to an outstanding turnover number (TON) as high as 217,000 with a 98% selectivity for CO2 reduction to CO, while the parent Ni(II) porphyrin (NiTPP) was found to be nearly inactive. Our mechanistic analysis revealed a nonclassical reaction pattern where CO2 was effectively activated via the attack of the Lewis-basic ligand. The resulting ligand-bound CO2 adduct could be further reduced to produce CO. This new metal-ligand synergistic effect is anticipated to inspire the design of highly active catalysts for small molecule activations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihong Yuan
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Akash Krishna
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen 6708 WG, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Zhihe Wei
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhui Su
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinzhou Chen
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangyi Zheng
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daqi Song
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Mu
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiyi Pan
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Xiao
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Guanna Li
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen 6708 WG, The Netherlands
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Deng
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Shee NK, Kim HJ. Porphyrin-Based Nanomaterials for the Photocatalytic Remediation of Wastewater: Recent Advances and Perspectives. Molecules 2024; 29:611. [PMID: 38338355 PMCID: PMC10856464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-organized, well-defined porphyrin-based nanostructures with controllable sizes and morphologies are in high demand for the photodegradation of hazardous contaminants under sunlight. From this perspective, this review summarizes the development progress in the fabrication of porphyrin-based nanostructures by changing their synthetic strategies and designs. Porphyrin-based nanostructures can be fabricated using several methods, including ionic self-assembly, metal-ligand coordination, reprecipitation, and surfactant-assisted methods. The synthetic utility of porphyrins permits the organization of porphyrin building blocks into nanostructures, which can remarkably improve their light-harvesting properties and photostability. The tunable functionalization and distinctive structures of porphyrin nanomaterials trigger the junction of the charge-transfer mechanism and facilitate the photodegradation of pollutant dyes. Finally, porphyrin nanomaterials or porphyrin/metal nanohybrids are explored to amplify their photocatalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hee-Joon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea;
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12
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Amanullah S, Gotico P, Sircoglou M, Leibl W, Llansola-Portoles MJ, Tibiletti T, Quaranta A, Halime Z, Aukauloo A. Second Coordination Sphere Effect Shifts CO 2 to CO Reduction by Iron Porphyrin from Fe 0 to Fe I. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314439. [PMID: 38050770 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron porphyrins are among the most studied molecular catalysts for carbon dioxide (CO2 ) reduction and their reactivity is constantly being enhanced through the implementation of chemical functionalities in the second coordination sphere inspired by the active sites of enzymes. In this study, we were intrigued to observe that a multipoint hydrogen bonding scheme provided by embarked urea groups could also shift the redox activation step of CO2 from the well-admitted Fe(0) to the Fe(I) state. Using EPR, resonance Raman, IR and UV-Visible spectroscopies, we underpinned a two-electron activation step of CO2 starting from the Fe(I) oxidation state to form, after protonation, an Fe(III)-COOH species. The addition of another electron and a proton to the latter species converged to the cleavage of a C-O bond with the loss of water molecule resulting in an Fe(II)-CO species. DFT analyses of these postulated intermediates are in good agreement with our collected spectroscopic data, allowing us to propose an alternative pathway in the catalytic CO2 reduction with iron porphyrin catalyst. Such a remarkable shift opens new lines of research in the design of molecular catalysts to reach low overpotentials in performing multi-electronic CO2 reduction catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Amanullah
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philipp Gotico
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie Sircoglou
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Tania Tibiletti
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Annamaria Quaranta
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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13
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Nguyen BX, Sonea A, Warren JJ. Further Understanding the Roles of Solvent, Brønsted Acids, and Hydrogen Bonding in Iron Porphyrin-Mediated Carbon Dioxide Reduction. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:17602-17611. [PMID: 37847220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Improving our understanding of how molecules and materials mediate the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to upgraded products is of great interest as a means to address climate change. A leading class of molecules that can facilitate the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to carbon monoxide (CO) is iron porphyrins. These molecules can have high rate constants for CO2-to-CO conversion; they are robust, and they rely on abundant and inexpensive synthetic building blocks. Important foundational work has been conducted using chloroiron 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (FeTPPCl) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent. A related and recent report points out that the corresponding perchlorate complex, FeTPPClO4, can have superior function due to its solubility in other organic solvents. However, the importance of hydrogen bonding and solvent effects was not discussed. Herein, we present a detailed kinetic study of the triflate (CF3SO3-) complex of FeTPP in DMF and in MeCN using a range of phenol Brønsted acid additives. We also detected the formation of Fe(III)TPP-phenolate complexes using cyclic voltammetry experiments. Importantly, our new analysis of apparent rate constants with different added phenols allows for a modification to the established mechanistic model for CO2-to-CO conversion. Critically, our improved model accounts for hydrogen bonding and solvent effects by using simple hydrogen bond acidity and basicity descriptors. We use this augmented model to rationalize function in other reported porphyrin systems and to make predictions about operational conditions that can enhance the CO2 reduction chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bach Xuan Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby V5A 1S6, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ana Sonea
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby V5A 1S6, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeffrey J Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby V5A 1S6, British Columbia, Canada
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14
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De La Torre P, An L, Chang CJ. Porosity as a Design Element for Developing Catalytic Molecular Materials for Electrochemical and Photochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302122. [PMID: 37144618 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) using sustainable energy inputs is a promising strategy for upcycling of atmospheric carbon into value-added chemical products. This goal has inspired the development of catalysts for selective and efficient CO2 conversion using electrochemical and photochemical methods. Among the diverse array of catalyst systems designed for this purpose, 2D and 3D platforms that feature porosity offer the potential to combine carbon capture and conversion. Included are covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), porous molecular cages, and other hybrid molecular materials developed to increase active site exposure, stability, and water compatibility while maintaining precise molecular tunability. This mini-review showcases catalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) that incorporate well-defined molecular elements integrated into porous materials structures. Selected examples provide insights into how different approaches to this overall design strategy can augment their electrocatalytic and/or photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia De La Torre
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Lun An
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
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15
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Imai M, Kosugi K, Saga Y, Kondo M, Masaoka S. Introducing proton/electron mediators enhances the catalytic ability of an iron porphyrin complex for photochemical CO 2 reduction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10741-10744. [PMID: 37526275 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01862h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel iron porphyrin complex with hydroquinone moieties as proton/electron mediators at meso positions was designed and synthesised. The complex serves as an efficient catalyst for photochemical CO2 reduction, and its turnover frequency (TOF = 1.3 × 104 h-1) was the highest among those of comparable systems with sufficient durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Imai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Kento Kosugi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Saga
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mio Kondo
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-4 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, NE-6, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Masaoka
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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16
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Gotico P, Halime Z, Leibl W, Aukauloo A. Bimetallic Molecular Catalyst Design for Carbon Dioxide Reduction. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300222. [PMID: 37466131 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The core challenge in developing cost-efficient catalysts for carbon dioxide (CO2 ) conversion mainly lies in controlling its complex reaction pathways. One such strategy exploits bimetallic cooperativity, which relies on the synergistic interaction between two metal centers to activate and convert the CO2 substrate. While this approach has seen an important trend in heterogeneous catalysis as a handle to control stabilities of surface intermediates, it has not often been utilized in molecular and heterogenized molecular catalytic systems. In this review, we gather general principles on how natural CO2 activating enzymes take advantage of bimetallic strategy and how phosphines, cyclams, polypyridyls, porphyrins, and cryptates-based homo- and hetero-bimetallic molecular catalysts can help understand the synergistic effect of two metal centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Gotico
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, 91198, Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, 91198, Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, 91198, Gif Sur Yvette, France
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
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17
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Wang Q, Liu J, Li Q, Yang J. Stability of Photocathodes: A Review on Principles, Design, and Strategies. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202186. [PMID: 36789473 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical devices based on semiconductor photoelectrode can directly convert and store solar energy into chemical fuels. Although the efficient photoelectrodes with commercially valuable solar-to-fuel energy conversion efficiency have been reported over past decades, one of the most enormous challenges is the stability of the photoelectrode due to corrosion during operation. Thus, it is of paramount importance for developing a stable photoelectrode to deploy solar-fuel production. This Review commences with a fundamental understanding of thermodynamics for photoelectrochemical reactions and the fundamentals of photocathodes. Then, the commercial application of photoelectrochemical technology is prospected. We specifically focus on recent strategies for designing photocathodes with long-term stability, including energy band alignment, hole transport/storage/blocking layer, spatial decoupling, grafting molecular catalysts, protective/passivation layer, surface element reconstruction, and solvent effects. Based on the insights gained from these effective strategies, we propose an outlook of key aspects that address the challenges for development of stable photoelectrodes in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Qiuye Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
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18
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Chen F, Wiriyarattanakul A, Xie W, Shi L, Rungrotmongkol T, Jia R, Maitarad P. Quantitative Structure–Electrochemistry Relationship (QSER) Studies on Metal–Amino–Porphyrins for the Rational Design of CO2 Reduction Catalysts. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073105. [PMID: 37049867 PMCID: PMC10096077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantitative structure–electrochemistry relationship (QSER) method was applied to a series of transition-metal-coordinated porphyrins to relate their structural properties to their electrochemical CO2 reduction activity. Since the reactions mainly occur within the core of the metalloporphyrin catalysts, the cluster model was used to calculate their structural and electronic properties using density functional theory with the M06L exchange–correlation functional. Three dependent variables were employed in this work: the Gibbs free energies of H*, C*OOH, and O*CHO. QSER, with the genetic algorithm combined with multiple linear regression (GA–MLR), was used to manipulate the mathematical models of all three Gibbs free energies. The obtained statistical values resulted in a good predictive ability (R2 value) greater than 0.945. Based on our QSER models, both the electronic properties (charges of the metal and porphyrin) and the structural properties (bond lengths between the metal center and the nitrogen atoms of the porphyrin) play a significant role in the three Gibbs free energies. This finding was further applied to estimate the CO2 reduction activities of the metal–monoamino–porphyrins, which will prove beneficial in further experimental developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Chen
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Amphawan Wiriyarattanakul
- Program in Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uttaradit Rajabhat University, Uttaradit 53000, Thailand
| | - Wanting Xie
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Liyi Shi
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Emerging Industries Institute Shanghai University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (T.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Rongrong Jia
- Department of Physics, Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Phornphimon Maitarad
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Correspondence: (T.R.); (P.M.)
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19
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MTHPP monoacetic ester: unexpected formation, zinc metalation, thermal and photophysical properties. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-023-02779-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn the current investigation we report an unexpected methyl esterification occurred during the coupling reaction of mTHPP monoacetic acid 2 with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole in the presence of HBTU/DIPEA. The mechanism of this unexpected methyl esterification was studied, and the structure of the formed methyl ester 5 was confirmed by the means of 1H, 13C NMR in addition to (MALDI-TOF and ESI-HRMS) spectrometry. The formation of 5 during the coupling reaction was also chemically supported by an alternative synthetic method involving a direct monosubstitution reaction of mTHPP 1 with methyl bromoacetate. We also investigated the metalation of 5 with zinc and studied the thermal properties along with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the zinc porphyrin 6. The photophysical properties of porphyrin methyl ester 5 and its zinc complex 6 were also investigated.
Graphical Abstract
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20
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Rabiei K, Mohammadkhani Z, Keypour H, Kouhdareh J. Palladium Schiff base complex-modified Cu(BDC-NH 2) metal-organic frameworks for C-N coupling. RSC Adv 2023; 13:8114-8129. [PMID: 36926010 PMCID: PMC10014173 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01020a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the synthesis of a novel functionalized metal-organic-framework (MOF) [Cu(BDC-NH2)@Schiff-base-Pd(ii)] catalyst via post-synthetic modification of Cu(BDC-NH2) is reported. The targeted complex was prepared by chemically attaching N,N'-bis(5-formylpyrrol-2-ylmethyl) homopiperazine via a Schiff base reaction followed by complexation with Pd ions. Afterwards, the synthesized solid was applied as a very effective multifunctional catalyst in C-N coupling reactions. The synthesized compounds were identified by suitable techniques including N2 isotherms, EDX spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, ICP-OES and TG-DTA. This nanocatalyst was used in C-N cross-coupling reactions, and it showed its usage in a diverse range of different functional groups with good efficiency. The reasons for introducing this catalyst system are its advantages such as considerably high selectivity, almost complete conversion of products, high yields, and convenient separation of catalysts and products. The results indicate that the highest efficiency of the product in the reaction was obtained in the shortest possible time with the use of [Cu(BDC-NH2)@Schiff-base-Pd(ii)] catalysts. Overall, the high catalytic activity of the [Cu(BDC-NH2)@Schiff-base-Pd(ii)] catalyst may be due to the obtained high surface area and the synergistic features created between Lewis acidic Cu nodes and Pd ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Rabiei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Qom University of Technology Qom Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Qom University of Technology Qom Iran
| | - Hassan Keypour
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838683 Iran
| | - Jamal Kouhdareh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838683 Iran
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21
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Domingo-Tafalla B, Chatterjee T, Franco F, Perez Hernandez J, Martinez-Ferrero E, Ballester P, Palomares E. Electro- and Photoinduced Interfacial Charge Transfers in Nanocrystalline Mesoporous TiO 2 and TiO 2/Iron Porphyrin Sensitized Films under CO 2 Reduction Catalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15. [PMID: 36881406 PMCID: PMC10037241 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electro- and photochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) is the quintessence of modern-day sustainable research. We report our studies on the electro- and photoinduced interfacial charge transfer occurring in a nanocrystalline mesoporous TiO2 film and two TiO2/iron porphyrin hybrid films (meso-aryl- and β-pyrrole-substituted porphyrins, respectively) under CO2R conditions. We used transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) to demonstrate that, under 355 nm laser excitation and an applied voltage bias (0 to -0.8 V vs Ag/AgCl), the TiO2 film exhibited a diminution in the transient absorption (at -0.5 V by 35%), as well as a reduction of the lifetime of the photogenerated electrons (at -0.5 V by 50%) when the experiments were conducted under a CO2 atmosphere changing from inert N2. The TiO2/iron porphyrin films showed faster charge recombination kinetics, featuring 100-fold faster transient signal decays than that of the TiO2 film. The electro-, photo-, and photoelectrochemical CO2R performance of the TiO2 and TiO2/iron porphyrin films are evaluated within the bias range of -0.5 to -1.8 V vs Ag/AgCl. The bare TiO2 film produced CO and CH4 as well as H2, depending on the applied voltage bias. In contrast, the TiO2/iron porphyrin films showed the exclusive formation of CO (100% selectivity) under identical conditions. During the CO2R, a gain in the overpotential values is obtained under light irradiation conditions. This finding was indicative of a direct transfer of the photogenerated electrons from the film to absorbed CO2 molecules and an observed decrease in the decay of the TAS signals. In the TiO2/iron porphyrin films, we identified the interfacial charge recombination processes between the oxidized iron porphyrin and the electrons of the TiO2 conduction band. These competitive processes are considered to be responsible for the diminution of direct charge transfer between the film and the adsorbed CO2 molecules, explaining the moderate performances of the hybrid films for the CO2R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriu Domingo-Tafalla
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili (URV), Departament D’enginyeria
electrònica Elèctrica i Automàtica, Avinguda
Països Catalans, 26 - Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Tamal Chatterjee
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Federico Franco
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Javier Perez Hernandez
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eugenia Martinez-Ferrero
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan
Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan
Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Shukaev AV, Ermakova EV, Fang Y, Kadish KM, Nefedov SE, Tafeenko VA, Michalak J, Bessmertnykh-Lemeune A. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of β-Octa[(4-Diethoxyphosphoryl)phenyl]porphyrins. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:3431-3444. [PMID: 36752761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The β-substituted porphyrinoids commonly used to form functional assembled systems in nature yet are still scarcely used in material chemistry probably due to the laborious synthesis of these compounds. In this work, β-octa[(4-diethoxyphosphoryl)phenyl]porphyrin (2HOPPP) and its metal (Zn(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II)) complexes were prepared in good yields. These highly soluble chromophores were characterized in solution using spectroscopic (NMR, UV-vis, fluorescence), electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical methods. Attachment of the electron-deficient residue (ArP(O)(OEt)2) to the porphyrin macrocycle leads to easier reductions and harder oxidations of the macrocycle for all complexes studied as compared to corresponding meso-tetra[4-(diethoxyphosphoryl)phenyl]porphyrin derivatives reported previously. We demonstrated that the strong electron-deficient character of the MOPPP porphyrins results principally from the increase in the number of electron-withdrawing groups at the periphery of the tetrapyrrolic macrocycle. Electron-deficient porphyrins are highly required in supramolecular and material chemistry in part due to their ability to form supramolecular assemblies via the coordination of axial ligands to the central metal atom. According to single-crystal X-ray data, ZnOPPP forms in the crystalline phase dimers in which each of the two tetrapyrrolic macrocycles is connected through an unusual combination of hydrogen bonding of two phosphoryl groups and the water molecules axially coordinated to the zinc atom of the partner molecule. The involvement of water molecules in porphyrin binding allows for an increase of distance between two porphyrin mean N4 planes, up to 4.478 Å. The offset of phosphoryl groups attached to the macrocycle through a 1,4-phenylene spacer withdraws the whole porphyrin macrocycle of one molecule from spatial overlap with the macrocycle of a partner molecule and increases the Zn-Zn distance up to 10.372 Å. This still unknown type of porphyrin dimers allows one to get deeper insights into the organization of naturally occurring tetrapyrrolic macrocycles. ZnOPPP also forms a labile dimeric complex in 5.3 × 10-7-5.8 × 10-5 M chloroform solutions. In contrast, other complexes prepared in this work exist as monomeric species under these experimental conditions. The self-association constant of ZnOPPP has been determined by electronic absorption spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton V Shukaev
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS UMR 6302, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, Dijon 21078, France
| | - Elizaveta V Ermakova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31-4, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Karl M Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Sergey E Nefedov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Victor A Tafeenko
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Julien Michalak
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS UMR 6302, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, Dijon 21078, France
| | - Alla Bessmertnykh-Lemeune
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS UMR 6302, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, Dijon 21078, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, Lyon 69364, France
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23
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Sueyoshi F, Zhang X, Yamauchi K, Sakai K. Controlling the Photofunctionality of a Polyanionic Heteroleptic Copper(I) Photosensitizer for CO 2 Reduction Using Its Ion-pair Formation with Polycationic Ammonium in Aqueous Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217807. [PMID: 36624554 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble trianionic heteroleptic copper(I) photosensitizer having four sulfonate groups (CuPS3- ) was found to afford the 1 : 2 ion-pair adduct with dicationic alkylammonium (hexamethonium) cations (HM2+ ) in aqueous media, leading to exhibit excellent photophysical and photocatalytic performances owing to the substantial suppression of water-derived non-radiative decay of the photoexcited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumika Sueyoshi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Current address: Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kosei Yamauchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ken Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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24
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Zhang C, Gotico P, Guillot R, Dragoe D, Leibl W, Halime Z, Aukauloo A. Bio-Inspired Bimetallic Cooperativity Through a Hydrogen Bonding Spacer in CO 2 Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214665. [PMID: 36504434 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
At the core of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) active site two metal ions together with hydrogen bonding scheme from amino acids orchestrate the interconversion between CO2 and CO. We have designed a molecular catalyst implementing a bimetallic iron complex with an embarked second coordination sphere with multi-point hydrogen-bonding interactions. We found that, when immobilized on carbon paper electrode, the dinuclear catalyst enhances up to four fold the heterogeneous CO2 reduction to CO in water with an improved selectivity and stability compared to the mononuclear analogue. Interestingly, quasi-identical catalytic performances are obtained when one of the two iron centers was replaced by a redox inactive Zn metal, questioning the cooperative action of the two metals. Snapshots of X-ray structures indicate that the two metalloporphyrin units tethered by a urea group is a good compromise between rigidity and flexibility to accommodate CO2 capture, activation, and reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Zhang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Philipp Gotico
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Regis Guillot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Diana Dragoe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, 91400, Orsay, France.,Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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25
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Zhang C, Prignot E, Jeannin O, Vacher A, Dragoe D, Camerel F, Halime Z, Gramage-Doria R. Efficient Hydrogen Production at pH 7 in Water with a Heterogeneous Electrocatalyst Based on a Neutral Dimeric Cobalt-Dithiolene Complex. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Zhang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d’Orsay, 91190Orsay, France
| | - Erwan Prignot
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR6226, F-35000Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Diana Dragoe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d’Orsay, 91190Orsay, France
| | | | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d’Orsay, 91190Orsay, France
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26
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Stoumpidi A, Trapali A, Poisson M, Barrozo A, Bertaina S, Orio M, Charalambidis G, Coutsolelos AG. Highly Efficient Light‐Driven CO
2
to CO Reduction by an Appropriately Decorated Iron Porphyrin Molecular Catalyst. ChemCatChem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aspasia Stoumpidi
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus 70013 Heraklion Crete Greece
| | - Adelais Trapali
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus 70013 Heraklion Crete Greece
| | - Marie Poisson
- Aix Marseille Université CNRS Centrale Marseille iSm2 13397 Marseille France
| | - Alexandre Barrozo
- Aix Marseille Université CNRS Centrale Marseille iSm2 13397 Marseille France
| | - Sylvain Bertaina
- Aix-Marseille Université CNRS IM2NP UMR 7334 13397 Marseille France
| | - Maylis Orio
- Aix Marseille Université CNRS Centrale Marseille iSm2 13397 Marseille France
| | - Georgios Charalambidis
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus 70013 Heraklion Crete Greece
| | - Athanassios G. Coutsolelos
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus 70013 Heraklion Crete Greece
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27
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Dong ST, Xu C, Lassalle-Kaiser B. Multiple C-C bond formation upon electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 by an iron-based molecular macrocycle. Chem Sci 2023; 14:550-556. [PMID: 36741521 PMCID: PMC9847672 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04729b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular macrocycles are very promising electrocatalysts for the reduction of carbon dioxide into value-added chemicals. Up to now, most of these catalysts produced only C1 products. We report here that iron phthalocyanine, a commercially available molecule based on earth-abundant elements, can produce light hydrocarbons upon electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 in aqueous conditions and neutral pH. Under applied electrochemical potential, C1 to C4 saturated and unsaturated products are evolved. Isotopic labelling experiments unambiguously show that these products stem from CO2. Control experiments and in situ X-ray spectroscopic analysis show that the molecular catalyst remains intact during catalysis and is responsible for the reaction. On the basis of experiments with alternate substrates, a mechanism is proposed for the C-C bond formation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Thanh Dong
- Synchrotron SOLEILRoute Départementale 128, l’Orme des Merisiers91190 Saint-AubinFrance
| | - Chen Xu
- Synchrotron SOLEILRoute Départementale 128, l’Orme des Merisiers91190 Saint-AubinFrance
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28
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Xia W, Wang F. Molecular catalysts design: Intramolecular supporting site assisting to metal center for efficient CO2 photo- and electroreduction. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Guo H, Liang Z, Guo K, Lei H, Wang Y, Zhang W, Cao R. Iron porphyrin with appended guanidyl group for significantly improved electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction activity and selectivity in aqueous solutions. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Ali T, Wang H, Iqbal W, Bashir T, Shah R, Hu Y. Electro-Synthesis of Organic Compounds with Heterogeneous Catalysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 10:e2205077. [PMID: 36398622 PMCID: PMC9811472 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electro-organic synthesis has attracted a lot of attention in pharmaceutical science, medicinal chemistry, and future industrial applications in energy storage and conversion. To date, there has not been a detailed review on electro-organic synthesis with the strategy of heterogeneous catalysis. In this review, the most recent advances in synthesizing value-added chemicals by heterogeneous catalysis are summarized. An overview of electrocatalytic oxidation and reduction processes as well as paired electrocatalysis is provided, and the anodic oxidation of alcohols (monohydric and polyhydric), aldehydes, and amines are discussed. This review also provides in-depth insight into the cathodic reduction of carboxylates, carbon dioxide, CC, C≡C, and reductive coupling reactions. Moreover, the electrocatalytic paired electro-synthesis methods, including parallel paired, sequential divergent paired, and convergent paired electrolysis, are summarized. Additionally, the strategies developed to achieve high electrosynthesis efficiency and the associated challenges are also addressed. It is believed that electro-organic synthesis is a promising direction of organic electrochemistry, offering numerous opportunities to develop new organic reaction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Ali
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China
| | - Waseem Iqbal
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie ChimicheUniversità della CalabriaRendeCS87036Italy
| | - Tariq Bashir
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215006China
| | - Rahim Shah
- Institute of Chemical SciencesUniversity of SwatSwatKhyber Pakhtunkhwa19130Pakistan
| | - Yong Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced StudiesZhejiang Normal UniversityHangzhou311231China
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31
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Myltykbayeva ZK, Seysembekova A, Moreno BM, Sánchez-Tovar R, Fernández-Domene RM, Vidal-Moya A, Solsona B, López Nieto JM. V-Porphyrins Encapsulated or Supported on Siliceous Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photoelectrochemical Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7473. [PMID: 36363063 PMCID: PMC9658604 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metalloporphyrin-containing mesoporous materials, named VTPP@SBA, were prepared via a simple anchoring of vanadyl porphyrin (5,10,15,20-Tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphine vanadium(IV) oxide) through a SBA-15-type mesoporous material. For comparison, vanadyl porphyrin was also impregnated on SiO2 (VTPP/SiO2). The characterization results of catalysts by XRD, FTIR, DR-UV-vis, and EPR confirm the incorporation of vanadyl porphyrin within the mesoporous SBA-15. These catalysts have also been studied using electrochemical and photoelectrochemical methods. Impedance measurements confirmed that supporting the porphyrin in silica improved the electrical conductivity of samples. In fact, when using mesoporous silica, current densities associated with oxidation/reduction processes appreciably increased, implying an enhancement in charge transfer processes and, therefore, in electrochemical performance. All samples presented n-type semiconductivity and provided an interesting photoelectrocatalytic response upon illumination, especially silica-supported porphyrins. This is the first time that V-porphyrin-derived materials have been tested for photoelectrochemical applications, showing good potential for this use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhannur K. Myltykbayeva
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Anar Seysembekova
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Beatriz M. Moreno
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rita Sánchez-Tovar
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Av. de les Universitats, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Ramón M. Fernández-Domene
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Av. de les Universitats, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Alejandro Vidal-Moya
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Benjamín Solsona
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Av. de les Universitats, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - José M. López Nieto
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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32
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Narouz MR, De La Torre P, An L, Chang CJ. Multifunctional Charge and Hydrogen-Bond Effects of Second-Sphere Imidazolium Pendants Promote Capture and Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 in Water Catalyzed by Iron Porphyrins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207666. [PMID: 35878059 PMCID: PMC9452489 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Microenvironments tailored by multifunctional secondary coordination sphere groups can enhance catalytic performance at primary metal active sites in natural systems. Here, we capture this biological concept in synthetic systems by developing a family of iron porphyrins decorated with imidazolium (im) pendants for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR), which promotes multiple synergistic effects to enhance CO2 RR and enables the disentangling of second-sphere contributions that stem from each type of interaction. Fe-ortho-im(H), which poises imidazolium units featuring both positive charge and hydrogen-bond capabilities proximal to the active iron center, increases CO2 binding affinity by 25-fold and CO2 RR activity by 2000-fold relative to the parent Fe tetraphenylporphyrin (Fe-TPP). Comparison with monofunctional analogs reveals that through-space charge effects have a greater impact on catalytic CO2 RR performance compared to hydrogen bonding in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina R Narouz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Patricia De La Torre
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Lun An
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
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33
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Mendoza D, Dong ST, Lassalle-Kaiser B. In situ/operando X-ray spectroscopy applied to electrocatalytic CO2 reduction: status and perspectives. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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34
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Narouz MR, De La Torre P, An L, Chang CJ. Multifunctional Charge and Hydrogen‐Bond Effects of Second‐Sphere Imidazolium Pendants Promote Capture and Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 in Water Catalyzed by Iron Porphyrins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina R. Narouz
- UC Berkeley: University of California Berkeley Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | - Lun An
- UC Berkeley: University of California Berkeley Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- University of California Department of Chemistry 532A Latimer Hall 94720-1460 Berkeley UNITED STATES
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35
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Hou M, Shi Y, Li J, Gao Z, Zhang Z. Cu-based Organic-Inorganic Composite Materials for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200624. [PMID: 35859530 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an attractive pathway to convert CO2 into value-added chemicals and fuels. Copper (Cu) is the most effective monometallic catalyst for converting CO2 into multi-carbon products, but suffers from high overpotentials and poor selectivity. Therefore, it is essential to design efficient Cu-based catalyst to improve the selectivity of specific products. Due to the combination of advantages of organic and inorganic composite materials, organic-inorganic composites exhibit high catalytic performance towards CO2RR, and have been extensively studied. In this review, the research advances of various Cu-based organic-inorganic composite materials in CO2RR, i.e., organic molecular modified-metal Cu composites, Cu-based molecular catalyst/carbon carrier composites, Cu-based metal organic framework (MOF) composites, and Cu-based covalent organic framework (COF) composites are systematically summarized. Particularly, the synthesis strategies of Cu-based composites, structure-performance relationship, and catalytic mechanisms are discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of Cu-based organic-inorganic composite materials in CO2RR are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Hou
- Tianjin University, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, CHINA
| | - YongXia Shi
- Tianjin University, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, CHINA
| | - JunJun Li
- Tianjin University, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, CHINA
| | - ZengQiang Gao
- Tianjin University, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, CHINA
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Tianjin University, Department of Chemistry, 92, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, Tianjin, CHINA
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36
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Nikoloudakis E, López-Duarte I, Charalambidis G, Ladomenou K, Ince M, Coutsolelos AG. Porphyrins and phthalocyanines as biomimetic tools for photocatalytic H 2 production and CO 2 reduction. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6965-7045. [PMID: 35686606 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00183g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The increasing energy demand and environmental issues caused by the over-exploitation of fossil fuels render the need for renewable, clean, and environmentally benign energy sources unquestionably urgent. The zero-emission energy carrier, H2 is an ideal alternative to carbon-based fuels especially when it is generated photocatalytically from water. Additionally, the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into chemical fuels can reduce the CO2 emissions and have a positive environmental and economic impact. Inspired by natural photosynthesis, plenty of artificial photocatalytic schemes based on porphyrinoids have been investigated. This review covers the recent advances in photocatalytic H2 production and CO2 reduction systems containing porphyrin or phthalocyanine derivatives. The unique properties of porphyrinoids enable their utilization both as chromophores and as catalysts. The homogeneous photocatalytic systems are initially described, presenting the various approaches for the improvement of photosensitizing activity and the enhancement of catalytic performance at the molecular level. On the other hand, for the development of the heterogeneous systems, numerous methods were employed such as self-assembled supramolecular porphyrinoid nanostructures, construction of organic frameworks, combination with 2D materials and adsorption onto semiconductors. The dye sensitization on semiconductors opened the way for molecular-based dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) devices based on porphyrins and phthalocyanines. The research in photocatalytic systems as discussed herein remains challenging since there are still many limitations making them unfeasible to be used at a large scale application before finding a large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Nikoloudakis
- University of Crete, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Ismael López-Duarte
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgios Charalambidis
- University of Crete, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Kalliopi Ladomenou
- International Hellenic University, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Agios Loucas, 65404, Kavala Campus, Greece.
| | - Mine Ince
- Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Athanassios G Coutsolelos
- University of Crete, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. .,Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL) Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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37
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Ishizuka T, Kojima T. Recent Development of π-Expanded Porphyrin Derivatives by Peripheral Ring Fusion. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
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38
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Contaldo U, Curtil M, Pérard J, Cavazza C, Le Goff A. A Pyrene-Triazacyclononane Anchor Affords High Operational Stability for CO 2 RR by a CNT-Supported Histidine-Tagged CODH. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117212. [PMID: 35274429 PMCID: PMC9401053 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An original 1-acetato-4-(1-pyrenyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (AcPyTACN) was synthesized for the immobilization of a His-tagged recombinant CODH from Rhodospirillum rubrum (RrCODH) on carbon-nanotube electrodes. The strong binding of the enzyme at the Ni-AcPyTACN complex affords a high current density of 4.9 mA cm-2 towards electroenzymatic CO2 reduction and a high stability of more than 6×106 TON when integrated on a gas-diffusion bioelectrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Contaldo
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM38000GrenobleFrance
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, CBM38000GrenobleFrance
| | | | - Julien Pérard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, CBM38000GrenobleFrance
| | | | - Alan Le Goff
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM38000GrenobleFrance
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39
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Pugliese E, Gotico P, Wehrung I, Boitrel B, Quaranta A, Ha-Thi MH, Pino T, Sircoglou M, Leibl W, Halime Z, Aukauloo A. Dissection of Light-Induced Charge Accumulation at a Highly Active Iron Porphyrin: Insights in the Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117530. [PMID: 35080122 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Iron porphyrins are among the best molecular catalysts for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction. Powering these catalysts with the help of photosensitizers comes along with a couple of unsolved challenges that need to be addressed with much vigor. We have designed an iron porphyrin catalyst decorated with urea functions (UrFe) acting as a multipoint hydrogen bonding scaffold towards the CO2 substrate. We found a spectacular photocatalytic activity reaching unreported TONs and TOFs as high as 7270 and 3720 h-1 , respectively. While the Fe0 redox state has been widely accepted as the catalytically active species, we show here that the FeI species is already involved in the CO2 activation, which represents the rate-determining step in the photocatalytic cycle. The urea functions help to dock the CO2 upon photocatalysis. DFT calculations bring support to our experimental findings that constitute a new paradigm in the catalytic reduction of CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pugliese
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Philipp Gotico
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Iris Wehrung
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Bernard Boitrel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Annamaria Quaranta
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Minh-Huong Ha-Thi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Pino
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Marie Sircoglou
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France.,Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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40
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contaldo U, curtil M, perard J, cavazza C, Le Goff A. A pyrene‐triazacyclononane anchor affords high operational stability for CO2RR by a CNT‐supported histidine‐tagged CODH. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- umberto contaldo
- CEA BIG: Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives lnstitut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble lcbm FRANCE
| | - mathieu curtil
- Université Grenoble Alpes: Universite Grenoble Alpes DCM FRANCE
| | - Julien perard
- CEA lRlG: Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives lnstitut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble lcbm FRANCE
| | - christine cavazza
- CEA BIG: Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives lnstitut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble LCBM FRANCE
| | - Alan Le Goff
- Universite Grenoble Alpes/CNRS Département de Chimie Moléculaire 570 rue de la chimie 38041 Grenoble FRANCE
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41
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Hsu WC, Wang YH. Homogeneous Water Oxidation Catalyzed by First-Row Transition Metal Complexes: Unveiling the Relationship between Turnover Frequency and Reaction Overpotential. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102378. [PMID: 34881515 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of earth-abundant low-toxicity metal ions in the construction of highly active and efficient molecular catalysts promoting the water oxidation reaction is important for developing a sustainable artificial energy cycle. However, the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the currently available molecular water oxidation catalysts (MWOCs) have not been comprehensively investigated. This Review summarizes the current status of MWOCs based on first-row transition metals in terms of their turnover frequency (TOF, a kinetic property) and overpotential (η, a thermodynamic property) and uses the relationship between log(TOF) and η to assess catalytic performance. Furthermore, the effects of the same ligand classes on these MWOCs are discussed in terms of TOF and η, and vice versa. The collective analysis of these relationships provides a metric for the direct comparison of catalyst systems and identifying factors crucial for catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chi Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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42
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Abstract
This tutorial review showcases recent (2015-2021) work describing ligand construction as it relates to the design of secondary coordination spheres (SCSs). Metalloenzymes, for example, utilize SCSs to stabilize reactive substrates, shuttle small molecules, and alter redox properties, promoting functional activity. In the realm of biomimetic chemistry, specific incorporation of SCS residues (e.g., Brønsted or Lewis acid/bases, crown ethers, redox groups etc.) has been shown to be equally critical to function. This contribution illustrates how fundamental advances in organic and inorganic chemistry have been used for the construction of such SCSs. These imaginative contributions have driven exciting findings in many transformations relevant to clean fuel generation, including small molecule (e.g., H+, N2, CO2, NOx, O2) reduction. In most cases, these reactions occur cooperatively, where both metal and ligand are requisite for substrate activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus W Drover
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada.
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43
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Pugliese E, Gotico P, Wehrung I, Boitrel B, Quaranta A, Ha‐Thi M, Pino T, Sircoglou M, Leibl W, Halime Z, Aukauloo A. Dissection of Light‐Induced Charge Accumulation at a Highly Active Iron Porphyrin: Insights in the Photocatalytic CO
2
Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pugliese
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Philipp Gotico
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO) 91405 Orsay France
| | - Iris Wehrung
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Bernard Boitrel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR) Université Rennes 1 35042 Rennes France
| | - Annamaria Quaranta
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS Université Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Minh‐Huong Ha‐Thi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO) 91405 Orsay France
| | - Thomas Pino
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO) 91405 Orsay France
| | - Marie Sircoglou
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS Université Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS Université Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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44
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Carbon dioxide photoreduction in prebiotic environments. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:863-878. [PMID: 35107790 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The reduction of carbon dioxide is one of the hottest topics due to the concern of global warming. Carbon dioxide reduction is also an essential step for life's origins as photoautotrophs arose soon after Earth formation. Both the topics are of high general interest, and possibly, there could be a fruitful cross-fertilization of the two fields. Herein, we selected and collected papers related to photoreduction of carbon dioxide using compounds easily available on the Earth and considered of prebiotic relevance. This work might be useful also to scientists interested in carbon dioxide photoreduction and/or to have an overview of the techniques available.
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45
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Nishiori D, Wadsworth BL, Reyes Cruz EA, Nguyen NP, Hensleigh LK, Karcher T, Moore GF. Photoelectrochemistry of metalloporphyrin-modified GaP semiconductors. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 151:1-10. [PMID: 34021849 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00834-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrosynthetic materials provide a bioinspired approach for using the power of the sun to produce fuels and other value-added chemical products. However, there remains an incomplete understanding of the operating principles governing their performance and thereby effective methods for their assembly. Herein we report the application of metalloporphyrins, several of which are known to catalyze the hydrogen evolution reaction, in forming surface coatings to assemble hybrid photoelectrosynthetic materials featuring an underlying gallium phosphide (GaP) semiconductor as a light capture and conversion component. The metalloporphyrin reagents used in this work contain a 4-vinylphenyl surface-attachment group at the β-position of the porphyrin ring and a first-row transition metal ion (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, or Zn) coordinated at the core of the macrocycle. In addition to describing the synthesis, optical, and electrochemical properties of the homogeneous porphyrin complexes, we also report on the photoelectrochemistry of the heterogeneous metalloporphyrin-modified GaP semiconductor electrodes. These hybrid, heterogeneous-homogeneous electrodes are prepared via UV-induced grafting of the homogeneous metalloporphyrin reagents onto the heterogeneous gallium phosphide surfaces. Three-electrode voltammetry measurements performed under controlled lighting conditions enable determination of the open-circuit photovoltages, fill factors, and overall current-voltage responses associated with these composite materials, setting the stage for better understanding charge-transfer and carrier-recombination kinetics at semiconductor|catalyst|liquid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Nishiori
- School of Molecular Sciences and the Biodesign Institute Center for Applied Structural Discovery (CASD), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA
| | - Brian L Wadsworth
- School of Molecular Sciences and the Biodesign Institute Center for Applied Structural Discovery (CASD), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA
| | - Edgar A Reyes Cruz
- School of Molecular Sciences and the Biodesign Institute Center for Applied Structural Discovery (CASD), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA
| | - Nghi P Nguyen
- School of Molecular Sciences and the Biodesign Institute Center for Applied Structural Discovery (CASD), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA
| | - Lillian K Hensleigh
- School of Molecular Sciences and the Biodesign Institute Center for Applied Structural Discovery (CASD), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA
| | - Timothy Karcher
- Eyring Materials Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-8301, USA
| | - Gary F Moore
- School of Molecular Sciences and the Biodesign Institute Center for Applied Structural Discovery (CASD), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA.
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46
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Rogati GMA, Capecci C, Fazio E, Serroni S, Puntoriero F, Campagna S, Guidoni L. Molecular Modelling and Simulations of Light-Harvesting Decanuclear Ru-Based Dendrimers for Artificial Photosynthesis. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103310. [PMID: 34752652 PMCID: PMC9299829 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The structure of a decanuclear photo- and redox-active dendrimer based on Ru(II) polypyridine subunits, suitable as a light-harvesting multicomponent species for artificial photosynthesis, has been investigated by means of computer modelling. The compound has the general formula [Ru{(μ-dpp)Ru[(μ-dpp)Ru(bpy)2 ]2 }3 ](PF6 )20 (Ru10; bpy=2,2'-bipyridine; dpp=2,3-bis(2'-pyridyl)pyrazine). The stability of possible isomers of each monomer was investigated by performing classical molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics (QM) simulations on each monomer and comparing the results. The number of stable isomers is reduced to 36 with a prevalence of MER isomerism in the central core, as previously observed by NMR experiments. The simulations on decanuclear dendrimers suggest that the stability of the dendrimer is not linked to the stability of the individual monomers composing the dendrimer but rather governed by the steric constrains originated by the multimetallic assembly. Finally, the self-aggregation of Ru10 and the distribution of the counterions around the complexes is investigated using Molecular Dynamics both in implicit and explicit acetonitrile solution. In representative examples, with nine and four dendrimers, the calculated pair distribution function for the ruthenium centers suggests a self-aggregation mechanism in which the dendrimers are approaching in small blocks and then aggregate all together. Scanning transmission electron microscopy complements the investigation, supporting the formation of different aggregates at various concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna M. A. Rogati
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Scienze dell'Informazione e MatematicaUniversità dell'AquilaVia Vetoio 2, Coppito67100L'AquilaItaly
| | - Chiara Capecci
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Scienze dell'Informazione e MatematicaUniversità dell'AquilaVia Vetoio 2, Coppito67100L'AquilaItaly
- Dipartimento di FisicaUniversità di Roma La SapienzaPiazzale Aldo Moro, 500185RomaItaly
| | - Enza Fazio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della TerraUniversità di MessinaPiazza Pugliatti, 198122MessinaItaly
| | - Scolastica Serroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di MessinaPiazza Pugliatti, 198122MessinaItaly
| | - Fausto Puntoriero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di MessinaPiazza Pugliatti, 198122MessinaItaly
| | - Sebastiano Campagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di MessinaPiazza Pugliatti, 198122MessinaItaly
| | - Leonardo Guidoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e ChimicheUniversità dell'AquilaVia Vetoio, 2, Coppito67100L'AquilaItaly
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47
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Abstract
The electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to generate fixed forms of carbons that have commercial value is a lucrative avenue to ameliorate the growing concerns about the detrimental effect of CO2 emissions as well as to generate carbon-based feed chemicals, which are generally obtained from the petrochemical industry. The area of electrochemical CO2RR has seen substantial activity in the past decade, and several good catalysts have been reported. While the focus was initially on the rate and overpotential of electrocatalysis, it is gradually shifting toward the more chemically challenging issue of selectivity. CO2 can be partially reduced to produce several C1 products like CO, HCOOH, CH3OH, etc. before its complete 8e-/8H+ reduction to CH4. In addition to that, the low-valent electron-rich metal centers deployed to activate CO2, a Lewis acid, are prone to reduce protons, which are a substrate for CO2RR, leading to competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Similarly, the low-valent metal is prone to oxidation by atmospheric O2 (i.e., it can catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction, ORR), necessitating strictly anaerobic conditions for CO2RR. Not only is the requirement of O2-free reaction conditions impractical, but it also leads to the release of partially reduced O2 species such as O2-, H2O2, etc., which are reactive and result in oxidative degradation of the catalyst.In this Account, mechanistic investigations of CO2RR by detecting and, often, chemically trapping and characterizing reaction intermediates are used to understand the factors that determine the selectivity in CO2RR. The spectroscopic data obtained from different intermediates have been identified in different CO2RR catalysts to develop an electronic structure selectivity relationship that is deemed to be important for deciding the selectivity of 2e-/2H+ CO2RR. The roles played by the spin state, hydrogen bonding, and heterogenization in determining the rate and selectivity of CO2RR (producing only CO, only HCOOH, or only CH4) are discussed using examples of both iron porphyrin and non-heme bioinspired artificial mimics. In addition, strategies are demonstrated where the competition between CO2RR and HER as well as CO2RR and ORR could be skewed overwhelmingly in favor of CO2RR in both cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Saha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sk Amanullah
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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48
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Tesakova MV, Kuzmin SM, Parfenyuk VI. Electrodeposition of films of individual 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-aminophenyl)porphyrin metal complexes and their composite for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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49
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Trapali A, Gotico P, Herrero C, Ha-Thi MH, Pino T, Leibl W, Charalambidis G, Coutsolelos A, Halime Z, Aukauloo A. Imbroglio at a photoredox-iron-porphyrin catalyst dyad for the photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. CR CHIM 2021. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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50
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Wu Z, Hou L, Li W, Chen Q, Jin C, Chen Y, Wei Q, Yang H, Jiang Y, Tang D. Application of a novel biomimetic double-ligand zirconium-based metal organic framework in environmental restoration and energy conversion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 610:136-151. [PMID: 34922071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of visible-light response photocatalysts with a high catalytic performance and long-term cyclic stability is of great significance in the field of energy and environmental protection. Inspired by photosynthesis, a novel three-dimensional coral zirconium-based metal organic framework (MOF) was synthesized using a double-ligand strategy. The optimal sample, Zr-TCPP-bpydc (2:1), (the ratio of tetra-(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin to 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid is 2:1) shows an excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation, and the effects of the amount of photocatalyst, pH and concentration on the degradation rate were investigated under the optimum conditions. It has a high degradation rate of tetracycline (98.12% for tetracycline and 96.74% for ofloxacin), which is 2.11 times higher than that of single ligand Zr-bpydc (zirconium-based MOF containing only 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid). More importantly, it also has a good H2 evolution rate (213.68 μmol g-1h-1) and CO2 reduction (35.81 μmol g-1h-1). In addition, the intermediate pathway of degradation, photocatalytic enhancement mechanism and cycle stability were deeply studied by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and recycling tests. The synthesis of a three-dimensional biomimetic coral zirconium-based MOF material will provide guidance for the development of new, promising, and natural ideal photocatalytic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Linlin Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Qianru Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Chun Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yasi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qiuming Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Huixing Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yangyang Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Dingyuan Tang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
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