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Pathak D, Mazumder A. A critical overview of challenging roles of medicinal plants in improvement of wound healing technology. Daru 2024; 32:379-419. [PMID: 38225520 PMCID: PMC11087437 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic diseases often hinder the natural healing process, making wound infections a prevalent clinical concern. In severe cases, complications can arise, potentially leading to fatal outcomes. While allopathic treatments offer numerous options for wound repair and management, the enduring popularity of herbal medications may be attributed to their perceived minimal side effects. Hence, this review aims to investigate the potential of herbal remedies in efficiently treating wounds, presenting a promising alternative for consideration. METHODS A literature search was done including research, reviews, systematic literature review, meta-analysis, and clinical trials considered. Search engines such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were used while retrieving data. Keywords like Wound healing 'Wound healing and herbal combinations', 'Herbal wound dressing', Nanotechnology and Wound dressing were used. RESULT This review provides valuable insights into the role of natural products and technology-based formulations in the treatment of wound infections. It evaluates the use of herbal remedies as an effective approach. Various active principles from herbs, categorized as flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and phenolic compounds, have shown effectiveness in promoting wound closure. A multitude of herbal remedies have demonstrated significant efficacy in wound management, offering an additional avenue for care. The review encompasses a total of 72 studies, involving 127 distinct herbs (excluding any common herbs shared between studies), primarily belonging to the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Apiaceae. In research, rat models were predominantly utilized to assess wound healing activities. Furthermore, advancements in herbal-based formulations using nanotechnology-based wound dressing materials, such as nanofibers, nanoemulsions, nanofiber mats, polymeric fibers, and hydrogel-based microneedles, are underway. These innovations aim to enhance targeted drug delivery and expedite recovery. Several clinical-based experimental studies have already been documented, evaluating the efficacy of various natural products for wound care and management. This signifies a promising direction in the field of wound treatment. CONCLUSION In recent years, scientists have increasingly utilized evidence-based medicine and advanced scientific techniques to validate the efficacy of herbal medicines and delve into the underlying mechanisms of their actions. However, there remains a critical need for further research to thoroughly understand how isolated chemicals extracted from herbs contribute to the healing process of intricate wounds, which may have life-threatening consequences. This ongoing research endeavor holds great promise in not only advancing our understanding but also in the development of innovative formulations that expedite the recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Pathak
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), 19 Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida, UP, 201306, India.
| | - Avijit Mazumder
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), 19 Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida, UP, 201306, India
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Mohammed HS, Ibrahim MH, Abdel-Aziz MM, Ghareeb MA. Anti- Helicobacter pylori, anti-biofilm activity, and molecular docking study of citropten, bergapten, and its positional isomer isolated from Citrus sinensis L. leaves. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25232. [PMID: 38352786 PMCID: PMC10861955 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Citrus sinensis L. is a candidate plant with promising antimicrobial potential. In the current study, the phytochemical investigation of C. sinensis leaf extract led to the isolation of three coumarins, namely bergapten, xanthotoxin, and citropten. Methods The chemical structures of the isolated coumarins were elucidated using NMR and ESI-MS techniques. The total aqueous ethanol leaf extract and the isolated coumarins were evaluated for their antimicrobial effects against Helicobacter pylori using the MTT-micro-well dilution method and its anti-biofilm activity using MBEC assay, as compared to clarithromycin. Results The results showed that citropten scored the lowest MIC value at 3.9 μg/mL and completely inhibited the planktonic growth of H. pylori. In addition, it completely suppressed H. pylori biofilm at 31.25 μg/mL. These findings have been supported by molecular docking studies on the active sites of the H. pylori inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (HpIMPDH) model and the urease enzyme, showing a strong binding affinity of citropten to HpIMPDH with seven hydrogen bonds and a binding energy of -6.9 kcal/mol. Xanthotoxin and bergapten showed good docking scores, both at -6.5 kcal/mol for HpIMPDH, with each having four hydrogen bondings. Furthermore, xanthotoxin showed many hydrophobic interactions, while bergapten formed one Pi-anion interaction. Concerning docking in the urease enzyme, the compounds showed mild to moderate binding affinities as compared to the ligand. Thus, based on docking results and good binding scores observed with the HpIMPDH active site, an in-vitro HpIMPDH inhibition assay was done for the compounds. Citropten showed the most promising inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 2.4 μM. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that C. sinensis L. leaves are a good source for supplying coumarins that can act as naturally effective anti-H. pylori agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Sh Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11311, Egypt
| | - Mona H. Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11311, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Abdel-Aziz
- The Regional Centre for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosad A. Ghareeb
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza, 12411, Egypt
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Younis MM, Ayoub IM, George MY, Mostafa NM, Eldahshan OA. In vivo hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of Stenocarpus sinuatus leaf extract against ifosfamide-induced toxicity in rats. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300438. [PMID: 37984852 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Ifosfamide (IFOS) is a broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent that has been extensively used for breast cancer and other solid tumors. Unfortunately, its use is associated with toxicities of several organs. Stenocarpus sinuatus is an Australian tree belonging to the Proteaceae family. In the current study, the phytochemical constituents of S. sinuatus methanol leaf extract (SSLE) were assessed. In addition, the protective effect of SSLE against IFOS-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity was evaluated. Rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, IFOS (50 mg/kg), IFOS + SSLE (100 mg/kg), IFOS + SSLE (200 mg/kg), IFOS + SSLE (400 mg/kg), and SSLE (400 mg/kg). Hepatoprotective and nephroprotective potency of SSLE was assessed using different biochemical parameters. The phytochemical investigation resulted in the isolation of four flavonoid glycosides (kaempferol 3-O-β- d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α- l-rhamnopyranoside, kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-β- d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α- l-rhamnopyranoside, and quercetin 3-O-β- d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α- l-rhamnopyranoside) and a coumarin (scopoletin). This is the first report on the isolated compounds from the genus Stenocarpus. SSLE showed enhancement of kidney and liver functions and reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. The histopathology of the investigated organs confirmed the protective effect of SSLE. In conclusion, SSLE is considered as a promising candidate that can be used in defense against the toxic effects of IFOS after further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Younis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mina Y George
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
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Eghbali S, Farhadi F, Askari VR. An overview of analytical methods employed for quality assessment of Crocus sativus (saffron). Food Chem X 2023; 20:100992. [PMID: 38144850 PMCID: PMC10740065 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews qualitative and quantitative analytical methodologies used for the appraisal of saffron quality, as the most expensive spice. Due to the chemical diversity of biologically active compounds of the Crocus genus, analytical methods with different features are required for their complete analysis. However, screening of the main components, such as carotenoids and flavonoids, appears to be sufficient for quality control, a more precise examination needs evaluation of minor compounds, including anthocyanins and fatty acids. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and thin-layer chromatography (TLC), are elementary and applicable methods in quality control analysis, whereas HPLC provides metabolite fingerprint and monitoring multi-compound instances at preparative and analytical levels. Combination approaches like metabolomics using different methods could classify saffron types, identify its adulterations, contaminants and provide a comprehensive metabolite map for quality control of selected compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Eghbali
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Faegheh Farhadi
- Herbal and Traditional Medicine Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Zengin G, El-Raey M, El-Kashak W, Batiha GES, Althumairy D, Alamer S, Mostafa NM, Eldahshan OA. Sweroside: An iridoid glycoside of potential neuroprotective, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities supported by molecular docking. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1765-1774. [PMID: 36939919 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress can be a series burden on human health and may lead to many chronic diseases such as diabetes and neurological disorders. The use of natural products to scavenge the reactive oxygen species has attracted the attention of many researchers, to safely manage these conditions with fewer side effects, in available and cost-effective ways. The current study aimed at the isolation and structure elucidation of sweroside from Schenkia spicata (Gentianaceae) and the evaluation of its antioxidant, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and enzyme inhibitory potential via in vitro and in silico studies. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by a variety of assays as ABTS, CUPRAC and FRAP, showing values of 0.34 ± 0.08, 21.14 ± 0.43, and 12.32 ± 0.20 mg TE/g, respectively, while demonstrating 0.75 ± 0.03 mmol TE/g for phosphomolybdenum (PBD) assay. Acetylcholinestrase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase inhibitory activities were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effect, while the antidiabetic potential was evaluated by measuring α-amylase and glucosidase inhibitory activities. Results revealed that sweroside showed antioxidant and inhibitory effects on the enzymes tested with the exception of AChE. It demonstrated good tyrosinase inhibitory ability with 55.06 ± 1.85 mg Kojic acid equivalent /g. Regarding the antidiabetic ability, the compound displayed both amylase and glucosidase (0.10 ± 0.01 and 1.54 ± 0.01 mmol Acarbose equivalent/g, respectively) inhibitory activities. Molecular docking studies of sweroside on the active sites of the aforementioned enzymes in addition to NADPH oxidase were performed using Discovery Studio 4.1 software. Results revealed good binding affinities of sweroside to these enzymes mainly through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. Sweroside can be an important antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory supplement, yet further in vivo and clinical studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, 42130, Turkey.
| | - Mohamed El-Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa El-Kashak
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Duaa Althumairy
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Al-Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alamer
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Al-Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
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Lv H, Guo S. Comparative analysis of flavonoid metabolites from different parts of Hemerocallis citrina. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:491. [PMID: 37828495 PMCID: PMC10571393 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemerocallis citrina Baroni is a traditional medical and edible plant. It is rich in flavonoid compounds, which are a kind of important bioactive components with various health benefits and pharmaceutical value. However, the flavonoid metabolomics profile and the comparison of flavonoid compounds from different parts of H. citrina is scarce. RESULTS In this study, flavonoid metabolites were investigated from roots, stems, leaves and flowers of H. citrina. A total of 364 flavonoid metabolites were identified by UPLC-MS/MS based widely targeted metabolomics, and the four plant parts showed huge differences at flavonoid metabolic level. Compared to roots, 185, 234, and 119 metabolites accounted for upregulated differential flavonoid metabolites (DFMs) in stems, leaves, and flowers, respectively. Compared to stems, 168 and 29 flavonoid metabolites accounted for upregulated DFMs in leaves and flowers, respectively. Compared to leaves, only 29 flavonoid metabolites accounted for upregulated DFMs in flowers. A number of 35 common flavonoid metabolites were observed among six comparison groups, and each comparison group had its unique differential metabolites. The most abundant flavonoid metabolites in the four parts are flavonols and flavones, followed by flavanones, chalcones, flavanols, flavanonols, anthocyanidins, tannin, and proanthocyanidins. 6,7,8-Tetrahydroxy-5-methoxyflavone, 7,8,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone, 1-Hydroxy-2,3,8-trimethoxyxanthone, Farrerol-7-O-glucoside, 3',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone, 3,3'-O-Dimethylellagic Acid, 5-Hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone, Nepetin (5,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxy-6-methoxyflavone), (2s)-4,8,10-trihydroxy-2-methoxy-1 h,2 h-furo[3,2-a]xanthen-11-one are dominant in roots. Isorhamnetin-3-O-(6''-malonyl)glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside, 7-Benzyloxy-5-hydroxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavonoid, 3-Hydroxyphloretin-4'-O-glucoside are dominant in stems. Chrysoeriol-7-O-glucoside, Epicatechin glucoside, Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside (Afzelin)(Kaempferin)*, Azaleatin (5-O-Methylquercetin), Chrysoeriol-5-O-glucoside, Nepetin-7-O-glucoside(Nepitrin), 3,5,7,2'-Tetrahydroxyflavone; Datiscetin, Procyanidin B2*, Procyanidin B3*, Procyanidin B1, Isorhamnetin-3-O-(6''-acetylglucoside) are dominant in leaves. kaempferol-3-p-coumaroyldiglucoside, Delphinidin-3-O-sophoroside-5-O-glucoside, Limocitrin-3-O-sophoroside, Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside(Nicotiflorin), Luteolin-7-O-(6''-malonyl)glucoside-5-O-rhamnoside are dominant in flowers. CONCLUSION There was significant difference in flavonoid metabolites among different parts of H. citrina. Leaves had relative higher metabolites contents than other parts. This study provided biological and chemical evidence for the different uses of various plant parts of H. citrina, and these informations are important theoretical basis for the food industry, and medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Lv
- Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, No.79, Longcheng Street, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Shang Guo
- Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, No.79, Longcheng Street, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China.
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Zulkefli N, Che Zahari CNM, Sayuti NH, Kamarudin AA, Saad N, Hamezah HS, Bunawan H, Baharum SN, Mediani A, Ahmed QU, Ismail AFH, Sarian MN. Flavonoids as Potential Wound-Healing Molecules: Emphasis on Pathways Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054607. [PMID: 36902038 PMCID: PMC10003005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wounds are considered to be a serious problem that affects the healthcare sector in many countries, primarily due to diabetes and obesity. Wounds become worse because of unhealthy lifestyles and habits. Wound healing is a complicated physiological process that is essential for restoring the epithelial barrier after an injury. Numerous studies have reported that flavonoids possess wound-healing properties due to their well-acclaimed anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and antioxidant effects. They have been shown to be able to act on the wound-healing process via expression of biomarkers respective to the pathways that mainly include Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo, Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β), Hedgehog, c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK), NF-E2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE), Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB), MAPK/ERK, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, Nitric oxide (NO) pathways, etc. Hence, we have compiled existing evidence on the manipulation of flavonoids towards achieving skin wound healing, together with current limitations and future perspectives in support of these polyphenolic compounds as safe wound-healing agents, in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabilah Zulkefli
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Nor Hafiza Sayuti
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ammar Akram Kamarudin
- UKM Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norazalina Saad
- Laboratory of Cancer Research UPM-MAKNA (CANRES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamizah Shahirah Hamezah
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamidun Bunawan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Qamar Uddin Ahmed
- Drug Discovery and Synthetic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fahmi Harun Ismail
- Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.F.H.I.); (M.N.S.)
| | - Murni Nazira Sarian
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.F.H.I.); (M.N.S.)
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The wound healing effect of botanicals and pure natural substances used in in vivo models. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:755-772. [PMID: 36811778 PMCID: PMC10140094 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Repairing the wound is a multistep process that includes the spatial and temporal synchronization of a different range of cell types to increase the speed of wound contraction, the proliferation of epithelial cells, and collagen formation. The need for proper management of acute wounds to be cured and not turned into chronic wounds is a significant clinical challenge. The traditional practice of medicinal plants in many regions of the world has been used in wound healing since ancient times. Recent scientific research introduced evidence of the efficacy of medicinal plants, their phyto-components, and the mechanisms underlying their wound-repairing activity. This review aims to briefly highlight the wound-curing effect of different plant extracts and purely natural substances in excision, incision, and burn experimental animal models with or without infection of mice, rats (diabetic and nondiabetic), and rabbits in the last 5 years. The in vivo studies represented reliable evidence of how powerful natural products are in healing wounds properly. They have good scavenging activity against Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects that help in the process of wound healing. It is evident that incorporating bioactive natural products into wound dressings of bio- or synthetic polymers in nanofiber, hydrogel, film, scaffold, and sponge forms showed promising results in different phases of the wound-curing process of haemostasis, inflammation, growth, re-epithelialization, and remodelling.
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Metabolic Profiling and Investigation of the Modulatory Effect of Fagonia cretica L. Aerial Parts on Hepatic CYP3A4 and UGT2B7 Enzymes in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010119. [PMID: 36670981 PMCID: PMC9854966 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-metabolizing enzymes are either boosted or suppressed by diabetes mellitus. This research was designed to explore Fagonia cretica L. aerial parts' impact on CYP3A4 and UGT2B7 activity and their mRNA expression in diabetic rats. Fagonia cretica (F. cretica) dried powder was sequentially extracted with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water. The methanol extract and aqueous fraction presented the most significant potential to decrease the concentration of alpha-hydroxyl midazolam, with 176.0 ± 0.85 mg/Kg and 182.9 ± 0.99 mg/Kg, respectively, compared to the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic group, reflecting the inhibition in CYP3A4 activity. The fold change in mRNA expression of CYP3A4 was decreased significantly by the methanol extract, and the aqueous fraction of F. cretica estimated by 0.15 ± 0.002 and 0.16 ± 0.001, respectively, compared with the diabetic group. Morphine metabolism was significantly increased in rats treated with F. cretica methanol extract and its aqueous fraction, displaying 93.4 ± 0.96 mg/Kg and 96.4 ± 1.27 mg/Kg, respectively, compared with the metabolism of morphine in the diabetic group, which highlights the induction of UGT2B7 activity. The fold change in mRNA expression of UGT2B7 was significantly increased by the methanol extract and the aqueous fraction, estimated at 8.14 ± 0.26 and 7.17 ± 0.23 respectively, compared to the diabetic group. Phytochemical analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), where the methanol extract showed more flavonoids and phenolic compounds compared to the aqueous fraction of F. cretica. The obtained results were further consolidated by molecular docking studies, where quercetin showed the best fitting within the active pocket of CYP3A4, followed by gallic acid, displaying free binding energies (∆G) of -30.83 and -23.12 kcal/mol, respectively. Thus, F. cretica could serve as a complementary medicine with standard anti-diabetic therapy that can modulate the activity of the drug-metabolizing enzymes.
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Phytochemical Constituents, Folk Medicinal Uses, and Biological Activities of Genus Angelica: A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010267. [PMID: 36615460 PMCID: PMC9822461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Genus Angelica is one of the widely distributed and well-known genera of family Umbelliferae. It is utilized mainly by Chinese and Korean populations especially in their folk medicine. Angelica comprises a lot of medicinally important phytoconstituents such as coumarins, furanocoumarins, flavonoids, essential oils, verbascosides, polysaccharides, etc. Members of this genus play important roles, namely antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, skin-whitening, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, and many others. This review draws attention to many species of genus Angelica with much focus on A. dahurica being one of the highly medicinally used species within this genus.
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Aly SH, Eldahshan OA, Al-Rashood ST, Binjubair FA, El Hassab MA, Eldehna WM, Dall’Acqua S, Zengin G. Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities Supported by In-Silico Study of n-Hexane Extract and Essential Oil of Guava Leaves. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248979. [PMID: 36558111 PMCID: PMC9781903 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Psidium guajava (Guava tree) is one of the most widely known species in the family Myrtaceae. The Guava tree has been reported for its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. In the current study, the chemical compositions of the n-hexane extract and the essential oil of P. guajava were investigated using the GC/MS analysis, along with an evaluation of their antioxidant potential, and an investigation into the enzyme inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BchE), tyrosinase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. Moreover, molecular docking of the major identified active sites of the target enzymes were investigated. The chemical characterization of the n-hexane extract and essential oil revealed that squalene (9.76%), α-tocopherol (8.53%), and γ-sitosterol (3.90%) are the major compounds in the n-hexane extract. In contrast, the major constituents of the essential oil are D-limonene (36.68%) and viridiflorol (9.68%). The n-hexane extract showed more antioxidant potential in the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), the ferric reducing power (FRAP), and the metal chelating ability (MCA) assays, equivalent to 70.80 ± 1.46 mg TE/g, 26.01 ± 0.97 mg TE/g, and 24.83 ± 0.35 mg EDTAE/g, respectively. In the phosphomolybdenum (PM) assay, the essential oil showed more antioxidant activity equivalent to 2.58 ± 0.14 mmol TE/g. The essential oil demonstrated a potent BChE and tyrosinase inhibitory ability at 6.85 ± 0.03 mg GALAE/g and 61.70 ± 3.21 mg KAE/g, respectively. The α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the n-hexane extract and the essential oil varied from 0.52 to 1.49 mmol ACAE/g. Additionally, the molecular docking study revealed that the major compounds achieved acceptable binding scores upon docking with the tested enzymes. Consequently, the P. guajava n-hexane extract and oil can be used as a promising candidate for the development of novel treatment strategies for oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, and diabetes mellitus diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaza H. Aly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Omayma A. Eldahshan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (O.A.E.); (G.Z.)
| | - Sara T. Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizah A. Binjubair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. El Hassab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), South Sinai 46612, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
- Correspondence: (O.A.E.); (G.Z.)
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12
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Youssef FS, Ramadan MF, Echeverria Moran V, Aremu AO, Mamadalieva NZ. Editorial: Potential of natural products as drug leads possessing antioxidant and anti-aging properties. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1094950. [PMID: 36569304 PMCID: PMC9782410 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1094950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fadia S. Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt,*Correspondence: Fadia S. Youssef,
| | - Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Valentina Echeverria Moran
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile,Research and Development Service, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, United States
| | - Adeyemi O. Aremu
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences Republic of Uzbekistan (UzAS), Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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13
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El-Kersh DM, Mostafa NM, Fayez S, Al-Warhi T, Abourehab MAS, Eldehna WM, Salem MA. GC-MS metabolites profiling of anethole-rich oils by different extraction techniques: antioxidant, cytotoxicity and in-silico enzymes inhibitory insights. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1974-1986. [PMID: 35850583 PMCID: PMC9302011 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2097445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
GC-MS profiling and metabolomics study of anise and star anise oils obtained by hydrodistillation, n-hexane, and microwave-assisted extraction methods were conducted herein. Trans-anethole was the major phenylpropanoid in both oils. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses revealed a clear separation of different extraction methods. Microwave-assisted star anise oil (MSA) revealed the highest anethole content (93.78%). MSA oil showed antioxidant activity using DPPH and ABTS assays, this was verified via an in-silico docking study of its major compounds on human tyrosinase and NAD(P)H oxidase. Trans-anethole displayed the best fitting scores (-8.9 and -10.1 Kcal/mole, respectively). MSA oil showed promising cytotoxic activity on different cell lines, mainly the cervical (HeLa) cell lines. Cell cycle inhibition at the G0-G1 phase was observed with an early apoptotic effect of the oil on HeLa cells. Trans-anethole achieved the best docking scores (-7.9, -9.3 and -9.9 Kcal/mole) for in-silico study on EGFR, CDK2 and CDK4 enzymes engaged in cancer, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M El-Kersh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Fayez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.,School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Salem
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
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14
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Xu Y, Deng T, Xie L, Qin T, Sun T. Neuroprotective effects of hawthorn leaf flavonoids in
Aβ
25–35
‐induced
Alzheimer's disease model. Phytother Res 2022; 37:1346-1365. [PMID: 36447359 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal cell loss, and oxidative stress. Further deposition of Aβ in the brain induces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and memory dysfunction. Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.) leaf, a known traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, heart palpitations, forgetfulness, and tinnitus, and its main bioactive components are Hawthorn Leaf Flavonoids (HLF). In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of the HLF on the Aβ25-35 (bilateral hippocampus injection) rat model of AD. The results showed that the oral administration of HLF at a dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg for 30 days significantly ameliorated neuronal cell damage and memory deficits, and markedly increased the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and the content of glutathione whereas it decreased the malondialdehyde content in the Aβ25-35 rat model of AD as well as suppressed the activation of astrocytes. In addition, HLF up-regulated Nrf-2, NQO-1, and HO-1 protein expressions. Also, it reduced neuroinflammation by inhibiting activation of astrocytes. In summary, these results indicated that HLF decreased the oxidative stress via activating Nrf-2/antioxidant response element signaling pathways, and may suggest as a potential candidate for AD therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Linjiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu People's Republic of China
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15
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Shanmuganathan E, Arawwawala LDAM, Wasana KGP, Attanayake AP. Selection and optimisation of extraction technique for the preparation of phenolic- and flavonoid-rich extract of leafy vegetable, Coccinia grandis (Linn.) Voigt. INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.47836/ifrj.29.5.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (family: Cucurbitaceae) is a popular leafy vegetable in Sri Lankan diet. C. grandis is high in phenolics and flavonoids. The present work attempted to determine a suitable extraction technique, and further optimise it to obtain phenolic- and flavonoid-rich extract from C. grandis leaves, with an aim at developing a nutraceutical targeting the dietary management of diabetes mellitus. Acetone extraction (AE), methanol extraction (ME), pre-warmed water extraction (PWE), electric shake extraction (ESE), reflux extraction (RE), ultrasonication with water (UEw), ultrasonication with ethanol (UEe), ultrasonic assisted-reflux extraction (URE), and reflux assisted-ultrasonic extraction (RUE) were chosen as the extraction techniques. URE was selected as a satisfactory extraction technique for further optimisation for the preparation of phenolic- and flavonoid-rich extract based on the contents of phenolics (32.97 ± 0.41 mg of equivalent gallic acid/g of extract) and flavonoids (4.50 ± 0.04 mg equivalent quercetin/g of extract). The highest yield of 32.8% was obtained by the URE technique. The optimal extraction conditions for URE were determined with an ultrasonic time of 19 min, refluxing time of 168 min, and liquid:solid ratio of 16.4 mL/g. This is the first attempt to investigate the selection and optimisation of an extraction technique for obtaining phenolic- and flavonoid-rich extract from C. grandis leaves. The present findings would be useful in the development of a commercially viable nutraceutical using a phenolic- and flavonoid-rich extract of C. grandis.
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16
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Herbal Arsenal against Skin Ailments: A Review Supported by In Silico Molecular Docking Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196207. [PMID: 36234737 PMCID: PMC9572213 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining healthy skin is important for a healthy body. At present, skin diseases are numerous, representing a major health problem affecting all ages from neonates to the elderly worldwide. Many people may develop diseases that affect the skin, including cancer, herpes, and cellulitis. Long-term conventional treatment creates complicated disorders in vital organs of the body. It also imposes socioeconomic burdens on patients. Natural treatment is cheap and claimed to be safe. The use of plants is as old as mankind. Many medicinal plants and their parts are frequently used to treat these diseases, and they are also suitable raw materials for the production of new synthetic agents. A review of some plant families, viz., Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, etc., used in the treatment of skin diseases is provided with their most common compounds and in silico studies that summarize the recent data that have been collected in this area.
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17
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Differential Metabolomic Fingerprinting of the Crude Extracts of Three Asteraceae Species with Assessment of Their In Vitro Antioxidant and Enzyme-Inhibitory Activities Supported by In Silico Investigations. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asteraceae is a large family, rich in ornamental, economical, and medicinally valuable plants. The current study involves the analytical and pharmacological assessment of the methanolic extracts of three less investigated Asteraceae plants, namely Echinops ritro, Centaurea deflexa, and Tripleurospermum decipiens, obtained by three different extraction methodologies viz. maceration (MAC), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE). LC-MS-MS analysis of E. ritro, C. deflexa, and T. decipiens extracts led to the identification of ca. 29, 20, and 33 metabolites, respectively, belonging to flavonoids, phenolic acids, and fatty acids/amides. Although there were significant differences in the quantitative metabolite profiles in the extracts of E. ritro and T. decipiens based on the used extraction method, no significant variation was observed in the extracts of C. deflexa in the three implemented extraction techniques. The antioxidant activities of the nine extracts were assessed in vitro using six different assays viz. DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, PDA, and metal chelation assay (MCA). The HAE/UAE extracts of E. ritro and the UAE/ MAC extracts of C. deflexa displayed the highest antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay, while the UAE extract of T. decipiens showed the strongest antioxidant activity in both the CUPRAC and MCA assays. The enzyme inhibitory activities of the nine extracts were studied in vitro on five different enzymes viz. tyrosinase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinestrase (BChE), affecting various pathological diseases. Concerning C. deflexa, its MAC /UAE extracts showed the strongest inhibition on α-amylase, while its UAE/HAE extracts displayed strong inhibitory power on AChE. However, no significant difference was observed on their effects on tyrosinase or BChE. For T. decipiens, its UAE/HAE showed potent inhibition to α-glucosidase, MAC/ HAE significantly inhibited AChE and BChE, while UAE could strongly inhibit tyrosinase enzyme. For E. ritro, all extracts equally inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase, MAC/HAE strongly affected tyrosinase, HAE/MAC best inhibited BChE, while HAE inhibited AChE to a greater extent. Chemometric analysis using PCA plot was able to discriminate between the plant samples and between the implemented extraction modes. The in vitro enzyme inhibitory activities of the extracts were supported by in silico data, where metabolites, such as the lignan arctiin and the flavonoid vicenin-2, dominating the extract of C. deflexa, displayed strong binding to AChE. Similarly, chlorogenic and dicaffeoyl quinic acids, which are some of the major metabolites in the extracts of E. ritro and T. decipiens, bound with high affinity to α-glucosidase.
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18
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Shady NH, Mostafa NM, Fayez S, Abdel-Rahman IM, Maher SA, Zayed A, Saber EA, Khowdiary MM, Elrehany MA, Alzubaidi MA, Altemani FH, Shawky AM, Abdelmohsen UR. Mechanistic Wound Healing and Antioxidant Potential of Moringa oleifera Seeds Extract Supported by Metabolic Profiling, In Silico Network Design, Molecular Docking, and In Vivo Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091743. [PMID: 36139817 PMCID: PMC9495458 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is an adaptable plant with promising phytoconstituents, interesting medicinal uses, and nutritional importance. Chemical profiling of M. oleifera seeds assisted by LC-HRMS (HPLC system coupled to a high resolution mass detector) led to the dereplication of 19 metabolites. Additionally, the wound healing potential of M. oleifera seed extract was investigated in male New Zealand Dutch strain albino rabbits and supported by histopathological examinations. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms were investigated via different in vitro investigations and through analyzing the relative gene and protein expression patterns. When compared to the untreated and MEBO®-treated groups, topical administration of M. oleifera extract on excision wounds resulted in a substantial increase in wound healing rate (p < 0.001), elevating TGF-β1, VEGF, Type I collagen relative expression, and reducing inflammatory markers such as IL-1β and TNF-α. In vitro antioxidant assays showed that the extract displayed strong scavenging effects to peroxides and superoxide free radicals. In silico studies using a molecular docking approach against TNF-α, TGFBR1, and IL-1β showed that some metabolites in M. oleifera seed extract can bind to the active sites of three wound-healing related proteins. Protein−protein interaction (PPI) and compound−protein interaction (CPI) networks were constructed as well. Quercetin, caffeic acid, and kaempferol showed the highest connectivity with the putative proteins. In silico drug likeness studies revealed that almost all compounds comply with both Lipinski’s and Veber’s rule. According to the previous findings, an in vitro study was carried out on the pure compounds, including quercetin, kaempferol, and caffeic acid (identified from M. oleifera) to validate the proposed approach and to verify their potential effectiveness. Their inhibitory potential was evaluated against the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and against the endopeptidase MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) subtype I and II, with highest activity being observed for kaempferol. Hence, M. oleifera seeds could be a promising source of bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant and wound healing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
- Correspondence: (N.H.S.); (N.M.M.); (U.R.A.); Tel.: +20-1025666872 (N.M.M.); +20-01005867510 or +20-1111595772 (U.R.A.)
| | - Nada M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (N.H.S.); (N.M.M.); (U.R.A.); Tel.: +20-1025666872 (N.M.M.); +20-01005867510 or +20-1111595772 (U.R.A.)
| | - Shaimaa Fayez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Islam M. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Sherif A. Maher
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elguish Street (Medical Campus), Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straβe 49, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Entesar Ali Saber
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt, Delegated to Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
| | - Manal M. Khowdiary
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Lith Branch, Makkah 24211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. Elrehany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mubarak A. Alzubaidi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal H. Altemani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (N.H.S.); (N.M.M.); (U.R.A.); Tel.: +20-1025666872 (N.M.M.); +20-01005867510 or +20-1111595772 (U.R.A.)
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19
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In Silico Docking, Resistance Modulation and Biofilm Gene Expression in Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii via Cinnamic and Gallic Acids. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070870. [PMID: 35884124 PMCID: PMC9311515 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the mounting global burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the generation of new classes of effective antimicrobials still lags far behind. The interplay between multidrug resistance and biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii has drastically narrowed the available therapeutic choices. The use of natural compounds holds promise as an alternate option for restoring the activity of existing antibiotics and attenuating virulence traits through reduced biofilm formation. This study aimed to evaluate the modulatory effect of combining cinnamic and gallic acids at ½MIC with various antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii clinical isolates as well as study the effect on the expression of the biofilm-associated genes (bap, csuE, ompA) via quantitative, real-time PCR. Combining cinnamic or gallic acid with imipenem, amikacin or doxycycline resulted in significant reduction of resistance (p < 0.05). On the contrary, no effect was recorded when both acids were combined with levofloxacin, and only cinnamic acid had a synergistic effect with colistin. The transcriptomic changes of biofilm-related genes in the presence of gallic acid at ½MIC were compared with untreated control samples. The fold expression values proved that gallic acid substantially down-regulated the respective genes in all five strong biofilm formers. Molecular docking studies of gallic and cinnamic acids on target genes revealed good binding affinities and verified the proposed mechanism of action. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the effect of gallic acid on the expression of bap, csuE and ompA genes in A. baumannii, which may permit its use as an adjunct anti-virulence therapeutic strategy.
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20
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Elkousy RH, Mostafa NM, Abd-Alkhalek AM, El Hassab MA, Al-Rashood ST, Eldehna WM, Eldahshan OA. GC/MS analysis and potential synergistic effect of mandarin and marjoram oils on Helicobacter pylori. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1610-1619. [PMID: 35642325 PMCID: PMC9176704 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2081846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori can cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. This study compares chemical composition and anti-H. pylori activity of mandarin leaves and marjoram herb essential oils, and their combined oil. GC/MS analysis of mandarin oil revealed six compounds (100% identified), mainly methyl-N-methyl anthranilate (89.93%), and 13 compounds (93.52% identified) of marjoram oil, mainly trans-sabinene hydrate (36.11%), terpinen-4-ol (17.97%), linalyl acetate (9.18%), and caryophyllene oxide (8.25%)). Marjoram oil (MIC = 11.40 µg/mL) demonstrated higher activity than mandarin oil (MIC = 31.25 µg/mL). The combined oil showed a synergistic effect at MIC of 1.95 µg/mL (same as clarithromycin). In-silico molecular docking on H. pylori urease, CagA, pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies were performed on major compounds from both oils. The best scores were for caryophyllene oxide then linalyl acetate and methyl-N-methyl anthranilate. Compounds revealed high safety and desirable properties. The combined oil can be an excellent candidate to manage H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawah H Elkousy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud A El Hassab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), Ras Sedr, Egypt
| | - Sara T Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Zhang Y, Heinemann N, Rademacher F, Darvin ME, Raab C, Keck CM, Vollert H, Fluhr JW, Gläser R, Harder J, Meinke MC. Skin Care Product Rich in Antioxidants and Anti-Inflammatory Natural Compounds Reduces Itching and Inflammation in the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061071. [PMID: 35739968 PMCID: PMC9219975 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The atopic dermatitis (AD) complex pathogenesis mechanism reveals marked changes of certain signaling factors as well as some morphological alterations in the epidermis. Reduced resilience against environmental factors and oxidative stress often makes the treatment with corticosteroids or tacrolismus ointments indispensable. In view of the correlation between oxidative stress and AD pathological factors, antioxidants can be incorporated into AD management strategies. This study investigates a curly kale, apple and green tea-containing natural extract rich in antioxidants for its effects on signaling inflammatory molecules and skin barrier enhancement in human epidermal keratinocytes- (NHEKs) based cell assays. Furthermore, the skin penetration on porcine ears was measured ex vivo using Raman micro spectroscopy. Finally, in a double-blind half-side, placebo-controlled clinical study, the effects of a formulation containing this extract were analyzed for the influence of lesion severity, epidermal barrier function, and pruritus in mild to moderately AD patients. Summarizing our results: The extract reduces expression of inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes and increases barrier-related molecules. The verum formulation with a very high antioxidant capacity used in AD patients with mild to moderate lesions reduces itching, local SCORAD, and improves barrier function and the hydration of skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Y.Z.); (M.E.D.); (C.R.); (J.W.F.)
| | - Nina Heinemann
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Christian-Albrecht University Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.H.); (F.R.); (R.G.); (J.H.)
| | - Franziska Rademacher
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Christian-Albrecht University Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.H.); (F.R.); (R.G.); (J.H.)
| | - Maxim E. Darvin
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Y.Z.); (M.E.D.); (C.R.); (J.W.F.)
| | - Christian Raab
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Y.Z.); (M.E.D.); (C.R.); (J.W.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Cornelia M. Keck
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany;
| | | | - Joachim W. Fluhr
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Y.Z.); (M.E.D.); (C.R.); (J.W.F.)
- Institute of Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Regine Gläser
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Christian-Albrecht University Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.H.); (F.R.); (R.G.); (J.H.)
| | - Jürgen Harder
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Christian-Albrecht University Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.H.); (F.R.); (R.G.); (J.H.)
| | - Martina C. Meinke
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (Y.Z.); (M.E.D.); (C.R.); (J.W.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-518244
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Singab ANB, Mostafa NM, Elkhawas YA, Al-Sayed E, Bishr MM, Elissawy AM, Elnaggar MS, Fawzy IM, Salama OM, Tsai YH, Chang FR. Cyclodepsipeptides: Isolation from Endophytic Fungi of Sarcophyton ehrenbergi and Verification of Their Larvicidal Activity via In-Vitro and In-Silico Studies. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050331. [PMID: 35621982 PMCID: PMC9146806 DOI: 10.3390/md20050331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Culex pipiens mosquitoes are vectors to many viruses and can transmit diseases such as filariasis and avian malaria. The present study evaluated the larvicidal activity of marine-derived endophytic fungi Aspergillus nomius and Aspergillus flavus from the soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi along with two known cyclodepsipeptide compounds, scopularide A (1) and B (2), isolated from A. flavus extract, against third-instar larvae of C. pipiens, using distilled water as a negative control and toosenedanin as a positive control. The structures of the isolated compounds were confirmed by various spectroscopic analyses. The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) were calculated by probit analysis. Scopularide A was the most potent after 96 h treatment, with LC50 and LC90 values of 58.96 and 994.31 ppm, respectively, and with 82.66% mortality at a concentration of 300 ppm. To unravel the biochemical mechanism of the tested extracts and compounds, their effects against protease, chitinase, phenoloxidases and lipase enzymes from the whole-body tissue of C. pipiens were evaluated after 72 h treatment at LC50 dose. Superior activity was observed for A. flavus extract against all tested enzymes. A molecular docking study was conducted for scopularide A and B on the four tested enzymes, to further verify the observed activity. Results revealed good binding affinities for both compounds as compared to the docked ligands, mainly via a number of hydrogen bonds. This was the first study to report the isolation of endophytic fungi A. flavus and A. nomius from the marine soft coral S. ehrenbergi. The endophytic fungal extract of A. flavus was found to be a promising source for a natural larvicidal agent against C. pipiens populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Nasser B. Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.N.B.S.); (F.-R.C.)
| | - Nada M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Yasmin A. Elkhawas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (Y.A.E.); (O.M.S.)
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mokhtar M. Bishr
- Department of Research and Development, Mepaco Co., Sharkeiya 11361, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Elissawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Elnaggar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Iten M. Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Osama M. Salama
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (Y.A.E.); (O.M.S.)
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (A.N.B.S.); (F.-R.C.)
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23
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Sarker U, Rabbani MG, Oba S, Eldehna WM, Al-Rashood ST, Mostafa NM, Eldahshan OA. Phytonutrients, Colorant Pigments, Phytochemicals, and Antioxidant Potential of Orphan Leafy Amaranthus Species. Molecules 2022; 27:2899. [PMID: 35566250 PMCID: PMC9101061 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The underutilized Amaranthus leafy vegetables are a unique basis of pigments such as β-cyanins, β-xanthins, and betalains with radical scavenging capacity (RSC). They have abundant phytonutrients and antioxidant components, such as pigments, vitamins, phenolics, and flavonoids. Eight selected genotypes (four genotypes from each species) of underutilized Amaranthus leafy vegetables were evaluated for phytonutrients, pigments, vitamins, phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidants in a randomized complete block design under ambient field conditions with three replicates. The studied traits showed a wide range of variations across eight genotypes of two species of Amaranthus leafy vegetables. The highest fat, β-xanthins, K, dietary fiber, Mg, β-cyanins, Mn, chlorophyll ab, Zn, TP, TF, betalains, chlorophyll a content, and (RSC) (DPPH) and RSC (ABTS+) were obtained from A. tricolor accessions. Conversely, the highest protein, Cu, carbohydrates, Ca, and chlorophyll b content were obtained from A. lividus accessions. The highest dry matter, carotenoids, Fe, energy, and ash were obtained from A. tricolor and A. lividus. The accession AT2 confirmed the highest vit. C and RSC (DPPH) and RSC (ABTS+); AT5 had the highest TP content; and AT12 had the highest TF content. A. tricolor accessions had high phytochemicals across the two species, such as phytopigments, vitamins, phenolics, antioxidants, and flavonoids, with considerable nutrients and protein. Hence, A. tricolor accessions can be used as high-yielding cultivars comprising ample antioxidants. The correlation study revealed that vitamin C, pigments, flavonoids, β-carotene, and phenolics demonstrated a strong RSC, and showed a substantial contribution to the antioxidant potential (AP) of A. tricolor. The investigation exposed that the accessions displayed a plentiful origin of nutritional values, phytochemicals, and AP with good quenching ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that provide enormous prospects for nourishing the mineral-, antioxidant-, and vitamin-threatened community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakanta Sarker
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Golam Rabbani
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Shinya Oba
- Laboratory of Field Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City 11829, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Sara T. Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nada M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (O.A.E.)
| | - Omayma A. Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (O.A.E.)
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24
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Younis MM, Ayoub IM, Mostafa NM, El Hassab MA, Eldehna WM, Al-Rashood ST, Eldahshan OA. GC/MS Profiling, Anti-Collagenase, Anti-Elastase, Anti-Tyrosinase and Anti-Hyaluronidase Activities of a Stenocarpus sinuatus Leaves Extract. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11070918. [PMID: 35406898 PMCID: PMC9002779 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Today, skin care products and cosmetic preparations containing natural ingredients are widely preferred by consumers. Therefore, many cosmetic brands are encouraged to offer more natural products to the market, such as plant extracts that can be used for their antiaging, antiwrinkle, and depigmentation properties and other cosmetic purposes. In the current study, the volatile constituents of the hexane-soluble fraction of a Stenocarpus sinuatus (family Proteaceae) leaf methanol extract (SSHF) were analyzed using GC/MS analysis. Moreover, the antiaging activity of SSHF was evaluated through in vitro studies of anti-collagenase, anti-elastase, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-hyaluronidase activities. In addition, an in silico docking study was carried out to identify the interaction mechanisms of the major compounds in SSHF with the active sites of the target enzymes. Furthermore, an in silico toxicity study of the identified compounds in SSHF was performed. It was revealed that vitamin E (α-tocopherol) was the major constituent of SSHF, representing 52.59% of the extract, followed by γ-sitosterol (8.65%), neophytadiene (8.19%), β-tocopherol (6.07%), and others. The in vitro studies showed a significant inhibition by SSHF of collagenase, elastase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase, with IC50 values of 60.03, 177.5, 67.5, and 38.8 µg/mL, respectively, comparable to those of the positive controls epigallocatechin gallate (ECGC, for collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase) and kojic acid (for tyrosinase). Additionally, the molecular docking study revealed good acceptable binding scores of the four major compounds, comparable to those of ECGC and kojic acid. Besides, the SSHF identified phytoconstituents showed no predicted potential toxicity nor skin toxicity, as determined in silico. In conclusion, the antiaging potential of SSHF may be attributed to its high content of vitamin E in addition to the synergetic effect of other volatile constituents. Thus, SSHF could be incorporated in pharmaceutical skin care products and cosmetics after further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M. Younis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (M.M.Y.); (I.M.A.); (N.M.M.)
| | - Iriny M. Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (M.M.Y.); (I.M.A.); (N.M.M.)
| | - Nada M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (M.M.Y.); (I.M.A.); (N.M.M.)
| | - Mahmoud A. El Hassab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), South Sinai 46612, Egypt;
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Sara T. Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omayma A. Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (M.M.Y.); (I.M.A.); (N.M.M.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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El-Zahar H, Menze ET, Handoussa H, Osman AK, El-Shazly M, Mostafa NM, Swilam N. UPLC-PDA-MS/MS Profiling and Healing Activity of Polyphenol-Rich Fraction of Alhagi maurorum against Oral Ulcer in Rats. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030455. [PMID: 35161436 PMCID: PMC8838639 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Camelthorn, Alhagi maurorum Boiss, family Fabaceae has long been used in African folk medicine owing to its richness in pharmacologically active metabolites. The crude extract (CEAM), ethyl acetate fraction (EFAM) and n-butanol (BFAM) fraction of A. maurorum aerial parts were investigated for their total polyphenols and oral antiulcer activity using in-vitro and in-vivo models. The major phenolic compound was isolated from the polyphenol-rich EFAM fraction and identified by conventional and spectroscopic methods of analysis as isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside. Furthermore, standardization of EAFM using UPLC-PDA-UV quantified isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside as 262.91 0.57 g/mg of the fraction. Analysis of EFAM using UPLC-PDA-MS/MS revealed tentative identification of 25 polyphenolic compounds. EFAM exhibited the most potent free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, with an IC50 (27.73 ± 1.85 µg/mL) and an FRAP value of (176.60 ± 5.21 μM Trolox equivalent (TE)/mg fraction) in comparison with CEAM and BFAM. Acetic acid-induced oral ulcers in a rat model were used to evaluate the healing properties of A. maurorum aerial parts. EFAM significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) by 36.4% and 50.8%, respectively, in the ulcer tissues while, CEAM and BFAM exhibited lower activity at the same dose. In addition, EFAM led to a significant (p < 0.0001) rise in the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a cell proliferation marker. A. maurorum exhibited a potent healing effect in acetic acid-induced oral ulcers in rats by mitigating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improving PCNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala El-Zahar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo 11837, Egypt;
| | - Esther T. Menze
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Heba Handoussa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed K. Osman
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.E.-S.); (N.M.M.); (N.S.); Tel.: +20-10-01401091 (M.E.-S.); +20-10-25666872 (N.M.M.); +20-02-26890000 (ext. 1830) (N.S.)
| | - Nada M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.E.-S.); (N.M.M.); (N.S.); Tel.: +20-10-01401091 (M.E.-S.); +20-10-25666872 (N.M.M.); +20-02-26890000 (ext. 1830) (N.S.)
| | - Noha Swilam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo 11837, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.E.-S.); (N.M.M.); (N.S.); Tel.: +20-10-01401091 (M.E.-S.); +20-10-25666872 (N.M.M.); +20-02-26890000 (ext. 1830) (N.S.)
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Astiti MA, Jittmittraphap A, Leaungwutiwong P, Chutiwitoonchai N, Pripdeevech P, Mahidol C, Ruchirawat S, Kittakoop P. LC-QTOF-MS/MS Based Molecular Networking Approach for the Isolation of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors and Virucidal Agents from Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt. Foods 2021; 10:foods10123041. [PMID: 34945591 PMCID: PMC8701318 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Coccinia grandis or ivy gourd is an edible plant. Its leaves and fruits are used as vegetable in many countries. Many works on antidiabetic activity of a crude extract of C. grandis, i.e., in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials studies, have been reported. Profiles of the antidiabetic compounds were previously proposed by using LC-MS or GC-MS. However, the compounds responsible for antidiabetic activity have rarely been isolated and characterized by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR data. In the present work, UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis and GNPS molecular networking were used to guide the isolation of α-glucosidase inhibitors from an extract of C. grandis leaves. Seven flavonoid glycosides including rutin (1), kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (2) or nicotiflorin, kaempferol 3-O-robinobioside (3), quercetin 3-O-robinobioside (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) or CTN-986, kaempferol 3-O-β-D-api-furanosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), and kaempferol 3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (7) were isolated from C. grandis leaves. This is the first report of glycosides containing apiose sugar in the genus Coccinia. These glycosides exhibited remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, being 4.4–10.3 times more potent than acarbose. Moreover, they also displayed virucidal activity against influenza A virus H1N1, as revealed by the ASTM E1053-20 method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maharani A. Astiti
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; (M.A.A.); (C.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Akanitt Jittmittraphap
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Rd., Ratchadewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.J.); (P.L.)
| | - Pornsawan Leaungwutiwong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Rd., Ratchadewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.J.); (P.L.)
| | - Nopporn Chutiwitoonchai
- Virology and Cell Technology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;
| | | | - Chulabhorn Mahidol
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; (M.A.A.); (C.M.); (S.R.)
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; (M.A.A.); (C.M.); (S.R.)
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Prasat Kittakoop
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; (M.A.A.); (C.M.); (S.R.)
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-869-755777
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27
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The Leaf Extract of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Accelerated In Vitro Wound Healing by Reducing Oxidative Stress Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3963510. [PMID: 33505581 PMCID: PMC7806374 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3963510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The impairment in the regulation of the physiological process in the inflammatory phase of wound healing results in oxidative stress damage, which increases the severity and extends the healing time. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the radical scavenging properties of Coccinia leaf extract and its ability to ameliorate a migration process in vitro. Coccinia is a medicinal plant that was used in ancient times for relieving insect bite itching and swelling. However, the role of Coccinia leaf extract as an antioxidant related to the process of wound healing has never been studied. In this study, we demonstrated that the leaf extract possessed antioxidant properties that acted as a proton donor to neutralize reactive oxygen species with the IC50 value of 4.85 mg/mL of the extract. It could chelate iron with the IC50 value of 21.39 mg/mL of the extract. The leaf extract protected the human fibroblasts and keratinocytes from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress by increasing cell survival rate by more than 20% in all test doses. The protective property was dose-dependently correlated with the decrease in reactive oxygen species formation. In addition, the leaf extract enhanced the cell migration rate of fibroblasts and keratinocytes up to 23% compared with vehicle control. The results suggested that Coccinia leaf extract may be a potential herb for increasing the wound healing process with its antioxidant capacity and can be used as an herbal ingredient for the utilization of skincare products.
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Kim B, Kim SH, Kim K, An YH, So KH, Kim BG, Hwang N. Enzyme-mediated one-pot synthesis of hydrogel with the polyphenol cross-linker for skin regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2020; 8:100079. [PMID: 33103105 PMCID: PMC7575804 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols can trigger immunity that activates intracellular anti-inflammatory signaling and prevents external infections. In this study, we report the fabrication of chitosan-based hydrogels with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) using enzyme-mediated one-pot synthesis. The tyrosinase-mediated oxidative reaction of the phenolic rings of EGCG with the primary amines on chitosan results in stable EGCG-chitosan hydrogels. The EGCG concentrations contributed to the cross-linking density and physical properties of EGCG-chitosan hydrogels. Furthermore, EGCG-chitosan hydrogels maintained intrinsic properties such as antibacterial and antioxidant effects. When endotoxin-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were cultured with EGCG-chitosan hydrogels, the hydrogels reduced the inflammatory response of the RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, subcutaneous implantation of EGCG-chitosan hydrogels reduced endogenous macrophage and monocyte activation. When the EGCG-chitosan hydrogels were applied to a full-skin defect wound, they facilitated skin regeneration. Our study demonstrates that the one-pot synthesized EGCG-chitosan hydrogels can be applied in broad tissue regeneration applications that require immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.S. Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - S.-H. Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - K. Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Y.-H. An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - K.-H. So
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - B.-G. Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - N.S. Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
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