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Senrung A, Tripathi T, Yadav J, Janjua D, Chaudhary A, Chhokar A, Aggarwal N, Joshi U, Goswami N, Bharti AC. In vivo antiangiogenic effect of nimbolide, trans-chalcone and piperine for use against glioblastoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1173. [PMID: 38036978 PMCID: PMC10691152 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is an important hallmark of Glioblastoma (GBM) marked by elevated vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and its receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). As previously reported nimbolide (NBL), trans-chalcone (TC) and piperine (PPR) possess promising antiangiogenic activity in several cancers however, their comparative efficacy and mechanism of antiangiogenic activity in GBM against VEGFR-2 has not been elucidated. METHODS 2D and 3D spheroids cultures of U87 (Uppsala 87 Malignant Glioma) were used for evaluation of non-cytotxoic dose for anti-angiogenic activity. The antiangiogenic effect was investigated by the GBM U87 cell line bearing chick CAM model. Excised U87 xenografts were histologically examined for blood vascular density by histochemistry. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the presence of avian and human VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 mRNA transcripts. RESULTS Using 2D and 3D spheroid models, the non-cytotoxic dose of NBL, TC and PPR was ≤ 11 µM. We found NBL, TC and PPR inhibit U87-induced neoangiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner in the CAM stand-alone model as well as in CAM U87 xenograft model. The results also indicate that these natural compounds inhibit the expression of notable angiogenic factors, VEGF-A and VEGFR-2. A positive correlation was found between blood vascular density and VEGF-A as well as VEGFR-2 transcripts. CONCLUSION Taken together, NBL, TC and PPR can suppress U87-induced neoangiogenesis via a reduction in VEGF-A and its receptor VEGFR-2 transcript expression at noncytotoxic concentrations. These phytochemicals showed their utility as adjuvants to GBM therapy, with Piperine demonstrating superior effectiveness among them all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Senrung
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Udit Joshi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nidhi Goswami
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India.
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Dolatyari V, Shahsavari HR, Fereidoonnezhad M, Farhadi F, Akhlaghi S, Latouche C, Sakamaki Y, Beyzavi H. Luminescent Heterobimetallic Pt II-Au I Complexes Bearing N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs) as Potent Anticancer Agents. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13241-13252. [PMID: 37550287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to probe into new series of heterobimetallic PtII-AuI complexes with a general formula of [Pt(p-MeC6H4)(dfppy)(μ-dppm)Au(NHC)]OTf, NHC = IPr, 2; IMes, 3; dfppy = 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridinate; dppm = 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane, which are the resultant of the reaction between [Pt(p-MeC6H4)(dfppy)(κ1-dppm)], 1, with [AuCl(NHC)], NHC = IPr, B; IMes, C, in the presence of [Ag(OTf)]. In the heterobimetallic complexes, the dppm ligand is settled between both metals as an unsymmetrical bridging ligand. Several techniques are employed to characterize the resulting compounds. Moreover, the photophysical properties of the complexes are investigated by means of UV-vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, the experimental study is enriched by ab initio calculations (density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT)) to assess the role of Pt and Au moieties in the observed optical properties. It is revealed that 1-3 is luminescent in the solid state and solution at different temperatures. In addition, the achieved results indicate the emissive properties of 1-3 are originated from a mixed 3IL/3MLCT excited state with major contribution of intraligand charge transfer (dfppy). A comparative study is conducted into the cytotoxic activities of starting materials and 1-3 against different human cancer cell lines such as the pancreas (MIA-PaCa2), breast (MDA-MB-231), cervix (HeLa), and noncancerous breast epithelial cell line (MCF-10A). The achieved results suggest the heterobimetallic PtII-AuI species as optimal compounds that signify the existence of cooperative and synergistic effects in their structures. The complex 3 is considered as the most cytotoxic compound with the maximum selectivity index in our screened complex series. Moreover, it is disclosed that 3 effectively causes cell death by inducing apoptosis in MIA-PaCa2 cells. Furthermore, the finding results by fluorescent cell microscopy manifest cytoplasmic staining of 3 rather than nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Dolatyari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Hamid R Shahsavari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Masood Fereidoonnezhad
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Farhadi
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Shiva Akhlaghi
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Camille Latouche
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Yoshie Sakamaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Hudson Beyzavi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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Grawe GF, Oliveira KM, Leite CM, de Oliveira TD, Costa AR, Moraes CA, Honorato J, Cominetti MR, Castellano EE, Correa RS, Machado SP, Batista AA. Cytotoxic activity of Ru(II)/DPEPhos/N,S-mercapto complexes (DPEPhos -[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether). J Inorg Biochem 2023; 244:112204. [PMID: 37004320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
We report here on three new ruthenium(II) complexes, [Ru(DPEPhos)(mtz)(bipy)]PF6 (Ru1), [Ru(DPEPhos)(mmi)(bipy)]PF6 (Ru2) and [Ru(DPEPhos)(dmp)(bipy)]PF6 (Ru3). DPEPhos = bis-[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether, mtz = 2-mercapto-2-thiazoline, mmi = 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole, dmp = 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine and bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine. The compounds were characterized by several spectroscopic techniques, and the molecular structure of Ru1 complex was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxicity of Ru1 - Ru3 complexes were tested against the A549 (human lung) and the MDA-MB-231 (human breast) cancer cell lines and against MRC-5 (non-tumor lung) and MCF-10A (non-tumor breast) cell lines through the MTT assay. All three complexes are cytotoxic against the cell lines studied, with IC50 values lower than those found for the cisplatin. Among them, the Ru2 complex has shown the best selectivity against MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines, with an IC50 value 12 times lower than that on MCF-10A. The complex Ru2 was capable to induce changes in MDA-MB-231 cells morphology, with loss of cellular adhesion, inhibited colony formation and induce an accumulation of cells at the sub-G1 phase, with an increase in S-phase and decrease of cells at G2 phase. Viscosity, electrochemical and Hoechst 33258 displacement experiments for Ru1 - Ru3 complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) showed an electrostatic and groove binding mode of interaction. Additionally, the complexes interact with the protein Human Serum Albumin (HSA) by static mechanism. The negative values for ΔH and ΔS indicate that van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding may occurs between the complexes and HSA. Therefore, this class of complexes are promising anticancer candidates and may be selected to further detailed studies.
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Lim YY, Zaidi AMA, Miskon A. Combining Copper and Zinc into a Biosensor for Anti-Chemoresistance and Achieving Osteosarcoma Therapeutic Efficacy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072920. [PMID: 37049685 PMCID: PMC10096333 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its built-up chemoresistance after prolonged usage, the demand for replacing platinum in metal-based drugs (MBD) is rising. The first MBD approved by the FDA for cancer therapy was cisplatin in 1978. Even after nearly four and a half decades of trials, there has been no significant improvement in osteosarcoma (OS) therapy. In fact, many MBD have been developed, but the chemoresistance problem raised by platinum remains unresolved. This motivates us to elucidate the possibilities of the copper and zinc (CuZn) combination to replace platinum in MBD. Thus, the anti-chemoresistance properties of CuZn and their physiological functions for OS therapy are highlighted. Herein, we summarise their chelators, main organic solvents, and ligand functions in their structures that are involved in anti-chemoresistance properties. Through this review, it is rational to discuss their ligands' roles as biosensors in drug delivery systems. Hereafter, an in-depth understanding of their redox and photoactive function relationships is provided. The disadvantage is that the other functions of biosensors cannot be elaborated on here. As a result, this review is being developed, which is expected to intensify OS drugs with higher cure rates. Nonetheless, this advancement intends to solve the major chemoresistance obstacle towards clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yik Lim
- Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Mujahid Ahmad Zaidi
- Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Azizi Miskon
- Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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López-Hernández JE, Contel M. Promising heterometallic compounds as anticancer agents: Recent studies in vivo. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 72:102250. [PMID: 36566618 PMCID: PMC10880551 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, interest on multitarget anticancer drugs -including heterometallic compounds-has increased considerably. Heterometallic species display improved efficacy and physicochemical properties compared to the individual metallic fragments for a variety of metal pair combinations. By 2018, several compounds had emerged as promising candidates against cisplatin resistant cancers. Here, we summarize research contributions to this topic over the past four years (July 2018-July 2022). In particular, we highlight five articles reporting on the in vivo activity and preliminary mechanisms of action for five groups of compounds. From this selection, we further feature two families of compounds based on Pt(IV)-Gd(III) and Ti(IV)-Au(I) metal combinations, given their potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier E López-Hernández
- Department of Chemistry, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA; Brooklyn College Cancer Center BCCC-CURE, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA; Biochemistry, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, 11006, USA
| | - Maria Contel
- Department of Chemistry, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA; Brooklyn College Cancer Center BCCC-CURE, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA; Biochemistry, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, 11006, USA; Chemistry, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, 11006, USA; Biology PhD Programs, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, 11006, USA.
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Zhang X, Wang K, Wu S, Ruan C, Li K, Wang Y, Zhu H, Liu X, Liu Z, Li G, Hu L, Ye M. Highly effective identification of drug targets at the proteome level by pH-dependent protein precipitation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12403-12418. [PMID: 36382280 PMCID: PMC9629037 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03326g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fully understanding the target spaces of drugs is essential for investigating the mechanism of drug action and side effects, as well as for drug discovery and repurposing. In this study, we present an energetics-based approach, termed pH-dependent protein precipitation (pHDPP), to probe the ligand-induced protein stability shift for proteome-wide drug target identification. We demonstrate that pHDPP works for a diverse array of ligands, including a folate derivative, an ATP analog, a CDK inhibitor and an immunosuppressant, enabling highly specific identification of target proteins from total cell lysates. This approach is compared to thermal and solvent-induced denaturation approaches with a pan-kinase inhibitor as the model drug, demonstrating its high sensitivity and high complementarity to other approaches. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a dominant derivative of artemisinin to treat malaria, is known to have an extraordinary effect on the treatment of various cancers. However, the anti-tumor mechanisms remain unknown. pHDPP was applied to reveal the target space of DHA and 45 potential target proteins were identified. Pathway analysis indicated that these target proteins were mainly involved in metabolism and apoptosis pathways. Two cancer-related target proteins, ALDH7A1 and HMGB1, were validated by structural simulation and AI-based target prediction methods. And they were further validated to have strong affinity to DHA by using cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). In summary, pHDPP is a powerful tool to construct the target protein space to reveal the mechanism of drug action and would have broad application in drug discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Keyun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Sijin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Chengfei Ruan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Kejia Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - He Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zhen Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Guohui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Lianghai Hu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
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Ferretti V, Matos CP, Canelas C, Pessoa JC, Tomaz AI, Starosta R, Correia I, León IE. New ternary Fe(III)-8-hydroxyquinoline-reduced Schiff base complexes as selective anticancer drug candidates. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 236:111961. [PMID: 36049258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Due to the growing prevalence of cancer diseases, new therapeutic options are urgently needed, and drugs based on metal ions other than platinum are alternatives with exciting possibilities. We report the synthesis, characterization and biological effect of mixed-ligand Fe(III)-aminophenolate complexes derived from salicylaldehyde and L-tryptophan with quinoline derivatives as co-ligands, namely 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ), [Fe(L)(8HQ)(H2O)] (1) and its 5-cloro derivative (Cl8HQ), [Fe(L)(Cl8HQ)(H2O)] (2). The complex bearing the aminophenolate and lacking the quinoline co-ligand, [Fe(L)(Cl)(H2O)2] (3), was prepared for comparison. The analytical and spectroscopic characterization revealed that 1 and 2 are octahedral Fe(III) complexes with the aminophenolate acting as a dianionic tridentate ligand and 8HQ co-ligands as bidentate chelates. Spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking studies were used to evaluate the ability of these complexes to bind bovine serum albumin (BSA) and calf thymus DNA. Complex 2 [Fe(L)(Cl8HQ)(H2O)] was the one showing higher affinity for both biomolecules. Cell viability was assessed in breast, colorectal and bone human cancer cell lines. 1 and 2 were found to be more active than cisplatin in all cell lines tested. A non-tumoral fibroblast line (L929, mouse non-tumoral fibroblasts) was used to evaluate selectivity. The results evidence that 2 shows much higher selectivity than 1 in all cell lines tested, but particularly in bone cancer cells in which selectivity index (SI) values are 8.0 and 18.8 for 1 and 2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ferretti
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 N° 1465, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Cristina P Matos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares and Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal; Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Canelas
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - João Costa Pessoa
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Tomaz
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Radosław Starosta
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Isabel Correia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ignacio E León
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 N° 1465, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
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Ma X, Lu J, Yang P, Huang B, Li R, Ye R. Synthesis, Characterization and Antitumor Mechanism Investigation of Heterometallic Ru(Ⅱ)-Re(Ⅰ) Complexes. Front Chem 2022; 10:890925. [PMID: 35711955 PMCID: PMC9196629 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.890925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of heteronuclear metal complexes as potent anticancer agents has received increasing attention in recent years. In this study, two new heteronuclear Ru(Ⅱ)-Re(Ⅰ) metal complexes, [Ru(bpy)2LRe(CO)3(DIP)](PF6)3 and [Ru(phen)2LRe(CO)3(DIP)](PF6)3 [RuRe-1 and RuRe-2, L = 2-(4-pyridinyl)imidazolio[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, DIP = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline], were synthesized and characterized. Cytotoxicity assay shows that RuRe-1 and RuRe-2 exhibit higher anticancer activity than cisplatin, and exist certain selectivity toward human cancer cells over normal cells. The anticancer mechanistic studies reveal that RuRe-1 and RuRe-2 can induce apoptosis through the regulation of cell cycle, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and caspase cascade. Moreover, RuRe-1 and RuRe-2 can effectively inhibit cell migration and colony formation. Taken together, heteronuclear Ru(Ⅱ)-Re(Ⅰ) metal complexes possess the prospect of developing new anticancer agents with high efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Ma
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Junjian Lu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Peixin Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Huang, ; Ruirong Ye,
| | - Rongtao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ruirong Ye
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Huang, ; Ruirong Ye,
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Synthesis, characterization, 31P{1H} NMR, X-ray structure and voltammetric study of 2-mercaptothiazolines and phosphines ruthenium(II) complexes. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Copper in tumors and the use of copper-based compounds in cancer treatment. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 226:111634. [PMID: 34740035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Copper homeostasis is strictly regulated by protein transporters and chaperones, to allow its correct distribution and avoid uncontrolled redox reactions. Several studies address copper as involved in cancer development and spreading (epithelial to mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis). However, being endogenous and displaying a tremendous potential to generate free radicals, copper is a perfect candidate, once opportunely complexed, to be used as a drug in cancer therapy with low adverse effects. Copper ions can be modulated by the organic counterpart, after complexed to their metalcore, either in redox potential or geometry and consequently reactivity. During the last four decades, many copper complexes were studied regarding their reactivity toward cancer cells, and many of them could be a drug choice for phase II and III in cancer therapy. Also, there is promising evidence of using 64Cu in nanoparticles as radiopharmaceuticals for both positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and treatment of hypoxic tumors. However, few compounds have gone beyond testing in animal models, and none of them got the status of a drug for cancer chemotherapy. The main challenge is their solubility in physiological buffers and their different and non-predictable mechanism of action. Moreover, it is difficult to rationalize a structure-based activity for drug design and delivery. In this review, we describe the role of copper in cancer, the effects of copper-complexes on tumor cell death mechanisms, and point to the new copper complexes applicable as drugs, suggesting that they may represent at least one component of a multi-action combination in cancer therapy.
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Elsayed SA, Elnabky IM, di Biase A, El‐Hendawy AM. New mixed ligand copper(II) hydrazone‐based complexes: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, DNA/RNA/BSA binding, in vitro anticancer, apoptotic activity, and cell cycle analysis. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shadia A. Elsayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Damietta University New Damietta 34517 Egypt
| | - Islam M. Elnabky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Damietta University New Damietta 34517 Egypt
| | - Armando di Biase
- Department of Chemistry University of Milan C. Golgi 19 Milan 20133 Italy
| | - Ahmed M. El‐Hendawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Damietta University New Damietta 34517 Egypt
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Mello-Andrade F, Guedes APM, Pires WC, Velozo-Sá VS, Delmond KA, Mendes D, Molina MS, Matuda L, de Sousa MAM, Melo-Reis P, Gomes CC, Castro CH, Almeida MAP, Menck CFM, Batista AA, Burikhanov R, Rangnekar VM, Silveira-Lacerda E. Ru(II)/amino acid complexes inhibit the progression of breast cancer cells through multiple mechanism-induced apoptosis. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 226:111625. [PMID: 34655962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
For some cancer subtypes, such as triple-negative breast cancer, there are no specific therapies, which leads to a poor prognosis associated with invasion and metastases. Ruthenium complexes have been developed to act in all steps of tumor growth and its progression. In this study, we investigated the effects of Ruthenium (II) complexes coupled to the amino acids methionine (RuMet) and tryptophan (RuTrp) on the induction of cell death, clonogenic survival ability, inhibition of angiogenesis, and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells (human triple-negative breast cancer). The study also demonstrated that the RuMet and RuTrp complexes induce cell cycle blockage and apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells, as evidenced by an increase in the number of Annexin V-positive cells, p53 phosphorylation, caspase 3 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Moreover, morphological changes and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were detected. The RuMet and RuTrp complexes induced DNA damage probably due to reactive oxygen species production related to mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Therefore, the RuMet and RuTrp complexes acted directly on breast tumor cells, leading to cell death and inhibiting their metastatic potential; this reveals the potential therapeutic action of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francyelli Mello-Andrade
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74055-110, Brazil.
| | - Adriana P M Guedes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Wanessa C Pires
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Vivianne S Velozo-Sá
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Kezia A Delmond
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Davi Mendes
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus S Molina
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Larissa Matuda
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Melo-Reis
- Departament of Biomedicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Clever C Gomes
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Castro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Márcio Aurélio P Almeida
- Coordination of Science and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Carlos F M Menck
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Alzir A Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Ravshan Burikhanov
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - Vivek M Rangnekar
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America; L. P. Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - Elisângela Silveira-Lacerda
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil.
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13
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da Silva MM, Ribeiro GH, de Camargo MS, Ferreira AG, Ribeiro L, Barbosa MIF, Deflon VM, Castelli S, Desideri A, Corrêa RS, Ribeiro AB, Nicolella HD, Ozelin SD, Tavares DC, Batista AA. Ruthenium(II) Diphosphine Complexes with Mercapto Ligands That Inhibit Topoisomerase IB and Suppress Tumor Growth In Vivo. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14174-14189. [PMID: 34477373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) complexes (Ru1-Ru5), with the general formula [Ru(N-S)(dppe)2]PF6, bearing two 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe) ligands and a series of mercapto ligands (N-S), have been developed. The combination of these ligands in the complexes endowed hydrophobic species with high cytotoxic activity against five cancer cell lines. For the A549 (lung) and MDA-MB-231 (breast) cancer cell lines, the IC50 values of the complexes were 288- to 14-fold lower when compared to cisplatin. Furthermore, the complexes were selective for the A549 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines compared to the MRC-5 nontumor cell line. The multitarget character of the complexes was investigated by using calf thymus DNA (CT DNA), human serum albumin, and human topoisomerase IB (hTopIB). The complexes potently inhibited hTopIB. In particular, complex [Ru(dmp)(dppe)2]PF6 (Ru3), bearing the 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine (dmp) ligand, effectively inhibited hTopIB by acting on both the cleavage and religation steps of the catalytic cycle of this enzyme. Molecular docking showed that the Ru1-Ru5 complexes have binding affinity by active sites on the hTopI and hTopI-DNA, mainly via π-alkyl and alkyl hydrophobic interactions, as well as through hydrogen bonds. Complex Ru3 displayed significant antitumor activity against murine melanoma in mouse xenograph models, but this complex did not damage DNA, as revealed by Ames and micronucleus tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monize M da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel H Ribeiro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana S de Camargo
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio G Ferreira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro Ribeiro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marília I F Barbosa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victor M Deflon
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Castelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Tor Vergata di Roma, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rodrigo S Corrêa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000 Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Arthur B Ribeiro
- Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Saulo D Ozelin
- Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise C Tavares
- Universidade de Franca, CEP 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alzir A Batista
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Cirri D, Bartoli F, Pratesi A, Baglini E, Barresi E, Marzo T. Strategies for the Improvement of Metal-Based Chemotherapeutic Treatments. Biomedicines 2021; 9:504. [PMID: 34064364 PMCID: PMC8147839 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the various research approaches we have explored in recent years to improve metal-based agents for cancer or infection treatments. Although cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin remain the cornerstones in tumor chemotherapy, the discovery and approval of novel inorganic anticancer drugs is a very slow process. Analogously, although a few promising inorganic drugs have found clinical application against parasitic or bacterial infections, their use remains relatively limited. Moreover, the discovery process is often affected by small therapeutic enhancements that are not attractive for the pharmaceutical industry. However, the availability of increasing mechanistic information for the modes of action of established inorganic drugs is fueling the exploration of various approaches for developing effective inorganic chemotherapy agents. Through a series of examples, some from our own research experience, we focus our attention on a number of promising strategies, including (1) drug repurposing, (2) the simple modification of the chemical structures of approved metal-based drugs, (3) testing novel drug combinations, and (4) newly synthesized complexes coupling different anticancer drugs. Accordingly, we aim to suggest and summarize a series of reliable approaches that are exploitable for the development of improved and innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Cirri
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), Univerisity of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Bartoli
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Univerisity of Pisa, Via Risorgimento, 36, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), Univerisity of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Emma Baglini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.)
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15
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Travassos IO, Mello-Andrade F, Caldeira RP, Pires WC, da Silva PFF, Correa RS, Teixeira T, Martins-Oliveira A, Batista AA, de Silveira-Lacerda EP. Ruthenium (II)/allopurinol complex inhibits breast cancer progression via multiple targets. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 26:385-401. [PMID: 33837856 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01862-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes based on ruthenium have established excellent activity with less toxicity and great selectivity for tumor cells. This study aims to assess the anticancer potential of ruthenium(II)/allopurinol complexes called [RuCl2(allo)2(PPh3)2] (1) and [RuCl2(allo)2(dppb)] (2), where allo means allopurinol, PPh3 is triphenylphosphine and dppb, 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane. The complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry, molar conductance measurements, as well as the X-ray crystallographic analysis of complex 2. The antitumor effects of compounds were determined by cytotoxic activity and cellular and molecular responses to cell death mechanisms. Complex 2 showed good antitumor profile prospects because in addition to its cytotoxicity, it causes cell cycle arrest, induction of DNA damage, morphological and biochemical alterations in the cells. Moreover, complex 2 induces cell death by p53-mediated apoptosis, caspase activation, increased Beclin-1 levels and decreased ROS levels. Therefore, complex 2 can be considered a suitable compound in antitumor treatment due to its cytotoxic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid O Travassos
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular E Citogenética Humana, sala 213, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas I, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Cx Postal: 131, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Francyelli Mello-Andrade
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular E Citogenética Humana, sala 213, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas I, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Cx Postal: 131, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74690-900, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, 74055-110, Brazil
| | - Raíssa P Caldeira
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular E Citogenética Humana, sala 213, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas I, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Cx Postal: 131, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Wanessa C Pires
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular E Citogenética Humana, sala 213, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas I, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Cx Postal: 131, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Paula F F da Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular E Citogenética Humana, sala 213, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas I, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Cx Postal: 131, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Correa
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Ouro Preto-UFOP, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Tamara Teixeira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Ouro Preto-UFOP, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | | | - Alzir A Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sao Carlos-UFSCar, Sao Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Elisângela P de Silveira-Lacerda
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular E Citogenética Humana, sala 213, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas I, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Cx Postal: 131, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74690-900, Brazil.
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16
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Allison M, Caramés-Méndez P, Pask CM, Phillips RM, Lord RM, McGowan PC. Bis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Ferrocenyl β-Diketonate Complexes: Exhibiting Nanomolar Potency against Human Cancer Cell Lines. Chemistry 2021; 27:3737-3744. [PMID: 33073884 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of new bis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ferrocenyl β-diketonate complexes, [(bpy)2 Ru(Fc-acac)][PF6 ] (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine; Fc-acac=functionalized ferrocenyl β-diketonate ligand) are reported. Alongside clinical platinum drugs, these bimetallic ruthenium-iron complexes have been screened for their cytotoxicity against MIA PaCa-2 (human pancreatic carcinoma), HCT116 p53+/+ (human colon carcinoma, p53-wild type) and ARPE-19 (human retinal pigment epithelial) cell lines. With the exception of one complex, the library exhibit nanomolar potency against cancerous cell lines, and their relative potencies are up to 40x, 400x and 72x more cytotoxic than cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, respectively. Under hypoxic conditions, the complexes remain cytotoxic (sub-micromolar range), highlighting their potential in targeting hypoxic tumor regions. The Comet assay was used to determine their ability to damage DNA, and results show dose dependent damage which correlates well with the cytotoxicity results. Their potential to treat bacterial and fungal strains has been determined, and highlight complexes have selective growth inhibition of up to 87-100 % against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Allison
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Pablo Caramés-Méndez
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Christopher M Pask
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Roger M Phillips
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Rianne M Lord
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Patrick C McGowan
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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17
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Sudhindra P, Ajay Sharma S, Roy N, Moharana P, Paira P. Recent advances in cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and mechanism of action of ruthenium metallodrugs: A review. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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18
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Ribeiro GH, Guedes APM, de Oliveira TD, de Correia CRSTB, Colina-Vegas L, Lima MA, Nóbrega JA, Cominetti MR, Rocha FV, Ferreira AG, Castellano EE, Teixeira FR, Batista AA. Ruthenium(II) Phosphine/Mercapto Complexes: Their in Vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation and Actions as Inhibitors of Topoisomerase and Proteasome Acting as Possible Triggers of Cell Death Induction. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15004-15018. [PMID: 32997499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a series of new ruthenium complexes of the general formula [Ru(NS)(dpphpy)(dppb)]PF6 (Ru1-Ru3), where dpphpy = diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine, NS ligands = 2-thiazoline-2-thiol (tzdt, Ru1), 2-mercaptopyrimidine (pySm, Ru2), and 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine (damp, Ru3), and dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV/visible, and 1D and 2D NMR), and X-ray diffraction. In the characterization, the correlation between the phosphorus atoms and their respective aromatic hydrogen atoms of the compounds in the assignment stands outs, by 1H-31P HMBC experiments. The compounds show anticancer activities against A549 (lung) and MDA-MB-231 (breast) cancer cell lines, higher than the clinical drug cisplatin. All of the complexes are more cytotoxic against the cancer cell lines than against the MRC-5 (lung) and MCF-10A (breast) nontumorigenic human cell lines. For A549 tumor cells, cell cycle analysis upon treatment with Ru2 showed that it inhibits the mitotic phase because arrest was observed in the Sub-G1 phase. Additionally, the compound induces cell death by an apoptotic pathway in a dose-dependent manner, according to annexin V-PE assay. The multitargeted character of the compounds was investigated, and the biomolecules were DNA, topoisomerase IB, and proteasome, as well as the fundamental biomolecule in the pharmacokinetics of drugs, human serum albumin. The experimental results indicate that the complexes do not target DNA in the cells. At low concentrations, the compounds showed the ability to partially inhibit the catalytic activity of topoisomerase IB in the process of relaxation of the DNA plasmid. Among the complexes assayed in cultured cells, complex Ru3 was able to diminish the proteasomal chymotrypsin-like activity to a greater extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel H Ribeiro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana P M Guedes
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamires D de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila R S T B de Correia
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Legna Colina-Vegas
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15003, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauro A Lima
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joaquim A Nóbrega
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia R Cominetti
- Departamento de Gerontologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fillipe V Rocha
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio G Ferreira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo E Castellano
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe R Teixeira
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alzir A Batista
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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