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Li J, Zhao X, Gong X. The Emerging Star of Carbon Luminescent Materials: Exploring the Mysteries of the Nanolight of Carbon Dots for Optoelectronic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400107. [PMID: 38461525 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), a class of carbon-based nanomaterials with dimensions less than 10 nm, have attracted significant interest since their discovery. They possess numerous excellent properties, such as tunability of photoluminescence, environmental friendliness, low cost, and multifunctional applications. Recently, a large number of reviews have emerged that provide overviews of their synthesis, properties, applications, and their composite functionalization. The application of CDs in the field of optoelectronics has also seen unprecedented development due to their excellent optical properties, but reviews of them in this field are relatively rare. With the idea of deepening and broadening the understanding of the applications of CDs in the field of optoelectronics, this review for the first time provides a detailed summary of their applications in the field of luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, and photodetectors. In addition, the definition, categories, and synthesis methods of CDs are briefly introduced. It is hoped that this review can bring scholars more and deeper understanding in the field of optoelectronic applications of CDs to further promote the practical applications of CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiujian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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2
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Lu T, Xu S, Gao L. Preparation of liquid silicon-based carbon dots and application for luminescent solar concentrators. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4841. [PMID: 39051438 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Liquid silicon-based carbon dots (CDs) with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 50% were prepared using N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (DAMO), citric acid, and n-butylamine as raw materials. Firstly, the optimized characters have been determined, namely, the optimal DAMO, citric acid, and n-butylamine addition amounts of 1 mL, 0.9 g, and 1 mL, a reaction time of 3 h, and a reaction temperature of 160°C. Further research has confirmed that the increase in fluorescence intensity of CDs is mainly due to the introduction of DAMO, in which the two amino groups in DAMO play a major role. In addition, the Si-O-Si group generated by the hydrolysis of siloxane groups is connected to the surface of the CDs and forms a core-shell structure, which modifies the defects on the surface and enhances the fluorescence intensity of the CDs. Finally, luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) based on liquid silicon-based CDs were assembled by spin coating. The obtained device has a transparency of up to 80% and an optical efficiency of 2.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshun Lu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuhong Xu
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lianping Gao
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Ferreira RAS, Correia SFH, Georgieva P, Fu L, Antunes M, André PS. A comprehensive dataset of photonic features on spectral converters for energy harvesting. Sci Data 2024; 11:50. [PMID: 38191564 PMCID: PMC10774306 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Building integrated photovoltaics is a promising strategy for solar technology, in which luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) stand out. Challenges include the development of materials for sunlight harvesting and conversion, which is an iterative optimization process with several steps: synthesis, processing, and structural and optical characterizations before considering the energy generation figures of merit that requires a prototype fabrication. Thus, simulation models provide a valuable, cost-effective, and time-efficient alternative to experimental implementations, enabling researchers to gain valuable insights for informed decisions. We conducted a literature review on LSCs over the past 47 years from the Web of ScienceTM Core Collection, including published research conducted by our research group, to gather the optical features and identify the material classes that contribute to the performance. The dataset can be further expanded systematically offering a valuable resource for decision-making tools for device design without extensive experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute A S Ferreira
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sandra F H Correia
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Petia Georgieva
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departament of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lianshe Fu
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Antunes
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departament of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo S André
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Polché M, José Miguel BF, Guzmán González CA, González Contreras G, Romero Arellano VH. Study of the Scattering Effect by SiO 2 Nanoparticles, in a Luminescent Solar Concentrator Sensitized with Carbon Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2480. [PMID: 37686987 PMCID: PMC10490480 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) have become an attractive way to produce green energy via their integration into buildings as photovoltaic windows. Recently, carbon quantum dots (C-QDs) have become the most studied luminescent material for the manufacture of luminescent solar concentrators due to their advantages, such as low toxicity, sustainability, and low cost. Despite the advantages of carbon quantum dots, they remain a low-efficiency material, and it is difficult to fabricate LSCs with a good performance. To address this problem, some of the research has used SiO2 nanoparticles (Nps) to produce a light-scattering effect that helps to improve the system performance. However, these studies are limited and have not been discussed in detail. In this regard, this research work was designed to evaluate the contribution of the scattering effect in different systems of carbon quantum dots used in a possible luminescent solar concentrator. To carry out this study, C-QDs and SiO2 Nps were synthesized by hydrothermal methods and the Stober method, respectively. We used different concentrations of both materials to fabricate film LSCs (10 × 10 cm2). The results show that the light scattered by the SiO2 Nps has a double contribution, in terms of light redirected towards the edges of the window and as a secondary source of excitation for the C-QDs; thus, an improvement in the performance of the LSC is achieved. The best improvement in photoluminescence is achieved when the films are composed of 20% wt carbon quantum dots and 10% wt SiO2 Nps, reaching a gain of 16% of the intensity of the light incident on the edges of the window with respect to the LSCs where only C-QDs were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenson Polché
- Departamento de Agua y Energía, CUTonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo Periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tateposco, Tonalá 45425, Mexico;
| | - Blancas Flores José Miguel
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, CUTonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara Av. Nuevo Periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tateposco, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (B.F.J.M.); (C.A.G.G.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Guzmán González
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, CUTonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara Av. Nuevo Periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tateposco, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (B.F.J.M.); (C.A.G.G.)
| | - Gabriel González Contreras
- Cátedras CONACYT, Coordinación para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78000, Mexico;
| | - Victor Hugo Romero Arellano
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, CUTonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara Av. Nuevo Periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tateposco, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (B.F.J.M.); (C.A.G.G.)
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Correia SFH, Fu L, Dias LMS, Pereira RFP, de Zea Bermudez V, André PS, Ferreira RAS. An autonomous power temperature sensor based on window-integrated transparent PV using sustainable luminescent carbon dots. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3428-3438. [PMID: 37383075 PMCID: PMC10295119 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00136a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The energy efficiency of buildings can be significantly improved through the use of renewable energy sources. Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) appear to be a solution for integrating photovoltaic (PV) devices into the structure of buildings (windows, for instance) to enable low-voltage devices to be powered. Here, we present transparent planar and cylindrical LSCs based on carbon dots in an aqueous solution and dispersed in organic-inorganic hybrid matrices, which present photoluminescent quantum yield values up to 82%, facilitating an effective solar photon conversion. These LSCs showed the potencial for being incorporated as building windows due to an average light transmittance of up to ∼91% and color rendering index of up to 97, with optical and power conversion efficiency values of 5.4 ± 0.1% and 0.18 ± 0.01%, respectively. In addition, the fabricated devices showed temperature sensing ability enabling the fabrication of an autonomous power mobile temperature sensor. Two independent thermometric parameters were established based on the emission and the electrical power generated by the LSC-PV system, which could both be accessed by a mobile phone, enabling mobile optical sensing through multiparametric thermal reading with relative sensitivity values up to 1.0% °C-1, making real-time mobile temperature sensing accessible to all users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra F H Correia
- Instituto de Telecomunicações and University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Lianshe Fu
- Department of Physics and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Lília M S Dias
- Department of Physics and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Rui F P Pereira
- Chemistry Center and Chemistry Department, University of Minho 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - V de Zea Bermudez
- Chemistry Department and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal
| | - Paulo S André
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Rute A S Ferreira
- Department of Physics and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
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Cao M, Zhao X, Gong X. Achieving High-Efficiency Large-Area Luminescent Solar Concentrators. JACS AU 2023; 3:25-35. [PMID: 36711087 PMCID: PMC9875231 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are semitransparent windows that are able to generate electricity from sunlight absorption. LSCs have shown huge promise for realizing building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). Unfortunately, to date, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of LSCs is still very low which dramatically hampers their practical applications. In this Perspective, We summarize and review the latest developments of LSCs by looking at different structures. Among others, we focus more on the next developments in the field of LSCs, i.e., the possibility of high PCE, large area, mass production, and durability needed for future industrial development. We hope to promote the application of uniform testing standards and to draw attention to industrial development, toxicity, and durability. Then, we will provide a critical assessment of the field of LSCs. Finally, the challenge and solution will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyan Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiujian Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State
Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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7
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Li J, Zhao H, Zhao X, Gong X. Boosting efficiency of luminescent solar concentrators using ultra-bright carbon dots with large Stokes shift. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 8:83-94. [PMID: 36321503 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00360k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are able to collect sunlight from a large-area to generate electric power with a low cost, showing great potential in building-integrated photovoltaics. However, the low efficiency of large-area LSCs caused by the reabsorption losses is a critical issue that hampers their practical applications. In this work, we synthesized novel yellow emissive carbon dots (CDs) with a large Stokes shift of 193 nm, which exhibit nearly zero reabsorption. The quantum yield (QY) of the yellow emitting CDs is up to 61%. The yellow emitting CDs can be employed to fabricate high-performance large-area LSCs due to successful suppression of the reabsorption losses. The as-prepared LSCs are able to absorb 14% of the sunlight as the absorption of the CDs matches well with the sun's spectrum. The large-area LSC (10 × 10 cm2) with a laminated structure based on the yellow emitting CDs achieves an optical conversion efficiency (ηopt) of 4.56% and power conversion efficiency (ηPCE) of 4.1% under natural sunlight (45 mW cm-2), which are significantly higher than other previously reported works with similar sizes. Furthermore, the prepared high-performance LSCs show good stability. This method of synthesizing novel CDs for high-efficiency LSCs provides a useful platform for future study and practical application of LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Haiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles & College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Xiujian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
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Kovaleski G, Kholany M, Dias LMS, Correia SFH, Ferreira RAS, Coutinho JAP, Ventura SPM. Extraction and purification of phycobiliproteins from algae and their applications. Front Chem 2022; 10:1065355. [PMID: 36531328 PMCID: PMC9752866 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1065355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae, macroalgae and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms, prokaryotic or eukaryotic, living in saline or freshwater environments. These have been recognized as valuable carbon sources, able to be used for food, feed, chemicals, and biopharmaceuticals. From the range of valuable compounds produced by these cells, some of the most interesting are the pigments, including chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobiliproteins. Phycobiliproteins are photosynthetic light-harvesting and water-soluble proteins. In this work, the downstream processes being applied to recover fluorescent proteins from marine and freshwater biomass are reviewed. The various types of biomasses, namely macroalgae, microalgae, and cyanobacteria, are highlighted and the solvents and techniques applied in the extraction and purification of the fluorescent proteins, as well as their main applications while being fluorescent/luminescent are discussed. In the end, a critical perspective on how the phycobiliproteins business may benefit from the development of cost-effective downstream processes and their integration with the final application demands, namely regarding their stability, will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Kovaleski
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Physics, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariam Kholany
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lília M. S. Dias
- Department of Physics, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Rute A. S. Ferreira
- Department of Physics, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João A. P. Coutinho
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia P. M. Ventura
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
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Lebastard C, Wilmet M, Cordier S, Comby-Zerbino C, MacAleese L, Dugourd P, Ohashi N, Uchikoshi T, Grasset F. High performance {Nb 5TaX 12}@PVP (X = Cl, Br) cluster-based nanocomposites coatings for solar glazing applications. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2022; 23:446-456. [PMID: 36081837 PMCID: PMC9448435 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2105659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of highly ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) absorbent transparent coatings is an important enabling technology and area of research for environmental sustainability and energy conservation. Different amounts of K4[{Nb5TaXi 12}Xa 6] cluster compounds (X = Cl, Br) dispersed into polyvinylpyrrolidone matrices were prepared by a simple, nontoxic and low-cost wet chemical method. The resulting solutions were used to fabricate visibly transparent, highly UV and NIR absorbent coatings by drop casting. The properties of the solution and films were investigated by complementary techniques (optical absorption, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy). The UV and NIR absorption of such samples strongly depended on the concentration, dispersion and oxidation state of the [{Nb5TaXi 12}Xa 6] nanocluster-based units. By varying and controlling these parameters, a remarkable improvement of the figures of merit TL/TE and SNIR for solar-glazing applications was achieved compared to the previous results on nanocomposite coatings based on metal atom clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Lebastard
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000Rennes, France
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Maxence Wilmet
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000Rennes, France
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Saint Gobain Research Paris, Aubervilliers, France
| | | | - Clothilde Comby-Zerbino
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622Lyon, France
| | - Luke MacAleese
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622Lyon, France
| | - Naoki Ohashi
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Uchikoshi
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fabien Grasset
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000Rennes, France
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
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Lebastard C, Wilmet M, Cordier S, Comby-Zerbino C, MacAleese L, Dugourd P, Hara T, Ohashi N, Uchikoshi T, Grasset F. Controlling the Deposition Process of Nanoarchitectonic Nanocomposites Based on {Nb 6-xTa xX i12} n+ Octahedral Cluster-Based Building Blocks (X i = Cl, Br; 0 ≤ x ≤ 6, n = 2, 3, 4) for UV-NIR Blockers Coating Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2052. [PMID: 35745391 PMCID: PMC9227475 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The antagonism between global energy needs and the obligation to slow global warming is a current challenge. In order to ensure sufficient thermal comfort, the automotive, housing and agricultural building sectors are major energy consumers. Solar control materials and more particularly, selective glazing are part of the solutions proposed to reduce global energy consumption and tackle global warming. In this context, these works are focused on developing new highly ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) absorbent nanocomposite coatings based on K4[{Nb6-xTaxXi12}Xa6]. (X = Cl, Br, 0 ≤ x ≤ 6) transition metal cluster compounds. These compounds contain cluster-based active species that are characterized by their strong absorption of UV and NIR radiations as well as their good transparency in the visible range, which makes them particularly attractive for window applications. Their integration, by solution processes, into a silica-polyethylene glycol or polyvinylpyrrolidone matrices is discussed. Of particular interest is the control and the tuning of their optical properties during the integration and shaping processes. The properties of the solutions and films were investigated by complementary techniques (UV-Vis-NIR spectrometry, ESI-MS, SEM, HRTEM, etc.). Results of these works have led to the development of versatile solar control coatings whose optical properties are competitive with commercialized material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Lebastard
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France; (M.W.); (S.C.)
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; (N.O.); (T.U.)
| | - Maxence Wilmet
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France; (M.W.); (S.C.)
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; (N.O.); (T.U.)
- Saint Gobain Research Paris, F-93300 Aubervilliers, France
| | - Stéphane Cordier
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France; (M.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Clothilde Comby-Zerbino
- Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.C.-Z.); (L.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Luke MacAleese
- Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.C.-Z.); (L.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.C.-Z.); (L.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Toru Hara
- Research Center for Structural Materials, NIMS, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan;
| | - Naoki Ohashi
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; (N.O.); (T.U.)
- Research Center for Functional Materials, NIMS, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Uchikoshi
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; (N.O.); (T.U.)
- Research Center for Functional Materials, NIMS, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Fabien Grasset
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France; (M.W.); (S.C.)
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; (N.O.); (T.U.)
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11
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Ren S, Liu B, Han G, Zhao H, Zhang Y. Surface chemistry in calcium capped carbon quantum dots. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:12149-12156. [PMID: 34231641 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02763h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal carbon quantum dots (C-dots) have attracted a lot of attention because of their excellent optical properties for various types of applications. Due to the complicated structure of C-dots, the photoluminescence (PL) mechanism of C-dots is still unclear. In particular, it is still a big challenge to understand well the surface chemistry of C-dots. In this work, we used a vacuum-heating approach to produce high-quality C-dots. With different purification procedures, the surface chemistry of C-dots can be well-controlled. Removal of Ca2+ by Na2CO3 led to the disappearance of the absorption at 405 nm and a decrease of the quantum yield. In addition, the Na2CO3 treated C-dots exhibited an excitation-dependent PL behavior. These results confirmed that Ca2+ can interact with the surface functional group of C[double bond, length as m-dash]O of the C-dots, forming a stable structure surrounding the C-dot core, which contributed to a high quantum yield (QY) of 65%, excitation-independent PL behavior and absorption at 405 nm. Furthermore, the PL of the C-dots is strongly dependent on the pH, indicating that the Ca2+ capped C-dots could be used as pH indicators. Our finding provides clear evidence for the surface-chemistry dependent PL behavior of C-dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihuan Ren
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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12
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Sousa HBA, Martins CSM, Prior JAV. You Don't Learn That in School: An Updated Practical Guide to Carbon Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:611. [PMID: 33804394 PMCID: PMC7998311 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have started to emerge as candidates for application in cell imaging, biosensing, and targeted drug delivery, amongst other research fields, due to their unique properties. Those applications are possible as the CQDs exhibit tunable fluorescence, biocompatibility, and a versatile surface. This review aims to summarize the recent development in the field of CQDs research, namely the latest synthesis progress concerning materials/methods, surface modifications, characterization methods, and purification techniques. Furthermore, this work will systematically explore the several applications CQDs have been subjected to, such as bioimaging, fluorescence sensing, and cancer/gene therapy. Finally, we will briefly discuss in the concluding section the present and future challenges, as well as future perspectives and views regarding the emerging paradigm that is the CQDs research field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - João A. V. Prior
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (H.B.A.S.); (C.S.M.M.)
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13
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Huang HY, Talite MJ, Cai KB, Soebroto RJ, Chang SH, Liu WR, Chou WC, Yuan CT. Utilizing host-guest interaction enables the simultaneous enhancement of the quantum yield and Stokes shift in organosilane-functionalized, nitrogen-containing carbon dots for laminated luminescent solar concentrators. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23537-23545. [PMID: 33237091 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07163c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Solar energy can be harvested using luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) incorporated with edge-mounted solar cells without sacrificing their see-through visibility, thus facilitating the development of solar windows. Eco-friendly carbon dots (CDs) are promising alternatives to heavy-metal-containing quantum dots in LSC applications. Unfortunately, their solid-state quantum yield (QY) at high optical density (required by laminated LSCs) is still low (<30%) and the Stokes shift is only moderate (<100 nm). Here, we studied the host-guest interaction between aminosilane-functionalized, nitrogen-containing CDs (Si-NCDs) and a silica matrix for preparing efficient laminated LSCs. We found that a sol-gel-derived silica matrix with vacuum treatment can efficiently suppress the direct nonradiative transition of the absorbing states and selectively enhance the long-wavelength-emitting surface states. Therefore, the formed Si-NCDs@silica composites simultaneously exhibited high QYs (>60%) and large Stokes shifts (>200 nm) even at a high loading content (∼10 wt%), while still exhibiting high optical transparency. Moreover, unlike conventional QY reduction upon increasing the excitation wavelengths, such high QY values can be maintained over all excitation wavelengths in the absorption region. Benefiting from these photophysical properties, efficient laminated LSCs were simply prepared, yielding a high optical efficiency of ∼4.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Ying Huang
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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14
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Lu Q, Xu S, Shao H, Huang G, Xu J, Cui Y, Ban D, Wang C. Improving power conversion efficiency in luminescent solar concentrators using nanoparticle fluorescence and scattering. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:455205. [PMID: 32736367 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abab2c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Large-size luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs), which act as a complement to silicon-based photovoltaic (Si-PV) systems, still suffer from low power conversion efficiency (PCE). How to improve the performance of LSCs, especially large ones, is currently a hot research topic. Traditional LSCs have only a single transmission mode of fluorescence from the luminescent materials to the Si-PV, but here we introduce a new idea to improve the absorption of Si-PV by employing dual transmission modes of both fluorescence and scattering light. To prepare LSCs with dual mode transmission, Si-PV systems are coupled around the edges of a light-harvesting slice, which is prepared by ultraviolet light-induced polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) solution containing both luminescent CsPbBr3 and TiO2 nanocrystals (NCs). When the sun light or incident light is coupled into the light-harvesting slice, CsPbBr3 NCs can convert the incident light into fluorescence, and then partly transmit to Si-PV at the edges, where the light is finally converted into electrical energy. Besides the traditional fluorescence transmission mode, the addition of TiO2 brings another transmission mode, namely the scattering of incident light to Si-PV, leading to an increase in PCE. In comparison to that of pure CsPbBr3-based LSCs without the addition of TiO2 (0.97%), the PCE of TiO2-doped LSCs with a large size of 20 cm × 20 cm is improved to 1.82%. The maximal PCE appears for LSCs with a size of 5 cm × 5 cm, reaching 2.62%. The reported method of dual transmission modes is a new alternative way to improve the performance of LSC devices, which does not need to change the optical properties of luminescent materials. Moreover, the production process is simple, low-cost and suitable for preparing large area LSCs, further promoting the application of LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Lu
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
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