1
|
Raman APS, Aslam M, Awasthi A, Ansari A, Jain P, Lal K, Bahadur I, Singh P, Kumari K. An updated review on 1,2,3-/1,2,4-triazoles: synthesis and diverse range of biological potential. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10858-0. [PMID: 39066993 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of triazoles has attracted a lot of interest in the field of organic chemistry because of its versatile chemical characteristics and possible biological uses. This review offers an extensive overview of the different pathways used in the production of triazoles. A detailed analysis of recent research indicates that triazole compounds have a potential range of pharmacological activities, including the ability to inhibit enzymes, and have antibacterial, anticancer, and antifungal activities. The integration of computational and experimental methods provides a thorough understanding of the structure-activity connection, promoting sensible drug design and optimization. By including triazoles as essential components in drug discovery, researchers can further explore and innovate in the synthesis, biological assessment, and computational studies of triazoles as drugs, exploring the potential therapeutic significance of triazoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Pratap Singh Raman
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, Modinagar, India
| | - Mohd Aslam
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, Modinagar, India
| | - Amardeep Awasthi
- Department of Chemistry, North western University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Anas Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, North western University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Pallavi Jain
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, Modinagar, India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Indra Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2745, South Africa
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India.
| | - Kamlesh Kumari
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar S, Lal B, Singh G, Muskan, Tittal RK, Singh J, Vikas D G, Sharma R. 5-Aminoisophthalate-based kojic acid-appended bis-1,2,3-triazole: a fluorescent chemosensor for Cu 2+ sensing and in silico study. RSC Adv 2024; 14:20908-20922. [PMID: 38962096 PMCID: PMC11220489 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02372b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A new, easy-to-prepare, and highly selective fluorescent chemosensor, i.e., 5-aminoisophthalate-based kojic acid-appended bis-1,2,3-triazole, was synthesized from an alkyne of 5-aminoisophthalic acid and azido-kojic acid using Cu(i)-catalyzed click chemistry and then successfully characterized. The alkyne structure of 5-aminoisophthalic acid, 1, was supported by the single-crystal X-ray crystallographic data. The fluorescent probe 3 was found to be highly selective for Cu2+ ions supported by the Job's plot with a stoichiometric ligand : metal ratio of 2 : 1, exhibiting almost a two-fold enhancement in the emission intensity upon the addition of Cu2+ ions (0-25 μM) with a detection limit of 8.82 μM. A comparison with LODs from previously developed chemosensors for Cu2+ ions was also conducted. Reversibility analysis indicated that probe 3 could be used as both a reusable sensor and as a scavenger of copper ions. DFT calculations with the basis sets B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) and LanL2DZ were employed for geometrical optimizations of structures of the alkyne 1, azide 2, probe 3, and complex 3.Cu2+. Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed significant intermolecular interactions in compound 1. Additionally, molecular docking for the antimicrobial activity showed the better antibacterial efficacy of probe 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India +91-1744-233-542
- School of Applied Sciences, Om Sterling Global University Hisar Haryana 125001 India
| | - Bajrang Lal
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India +91-1744-233-542
| | - Gurleen Singh
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab 144411 India
| | - Muskan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Ram Kumar Tittal
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India +91-1744-233-542
| | - Jandeep Singh
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab 144411 India
| | - Ghule Vikas D
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India +91-1744-233-542
| | - Renu Sharma
- School of Applied Sciences, Om Sterling Global University Hisar Haryana 125001 India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Belay Y, Muller A, Mokoena FS, Adeyinka AS, Motadi LR, Oyebamiji AK. 1,2,3-triazole and chiral Schiff base hybrids as potential anticancer agents: DFT, molecular docking and ADME studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6951. [PMID: 38521876 PMCID: PMC10960833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 1,2,3-triazole and chiral Schiff base hybrids 2-6 were synthesized by Schiff base condensation reaction from pre-prepared parent component of the hybrids (1,2,3-triazole 1) and series of primary chiral amines and their chemical structure were confirmed using NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and CHN elemental analysis. Compounds 1-6 were evaluated for their anticancer activity against two cancer PC3 (prostate) and A375 (skin) and MRC-5 (healthy) cell lines by Almar Blue assay method. The compounds exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the tested cancer cell lines. Among the tested compounds 3 and 6 showed very good activity for the inhibition of the cancer cell lines and low toxicity for the healthy cell lines. All the compounds exhibited high binding affinity for Androgen receptor modulators (PDB ID: 5t8e) and Human MIA (PDB ID: 1i1j) inhibitors compared to the reference anticancer drug (cisplatin). Structure activity relationships (SARs) of the tested compounds is in good agreement with DFT and molecular docking studies. The compounds exhibited desirable physicochemical properties for drug likeness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonas Belay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
| | - Alfred Muller
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Fanikie S Mokoena
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Adedapo S Adeyinka
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Lesetja R Motadi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Abel K Oyebamiji
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Bowen University, PMB 284, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Loukili EH, Ouahabi S, Elbouzidi A, Taibi M, Yahyaoui MI, Asehraou A, Azougay A, Saleh A, Al Kamaly O, Parvez MK, El Guerrouj B, Touzani R, Ramdani M. Phytochemical Composition and Pharmacological Activities of Three Essential Oils Collected from Eastern Morocco (Origanum compactum, Salvia officinalis, and Syzygium aromaticum): A Comparative Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3376. [PMID: 37836118 PMCID: PMC10574104 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Throughout history, essential oils have been employed for their pleasing scents and potential therapeutic benefits. These oils have shown promise in various areas, including aromatherapy, personal care products, natural remedies, and even as alternatives to traditional cleaning agents or pest control solutions. The study aimed to explore the chemical makeup, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of Origanum compactum Benth., Salvia officinalis L., and Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. et Perry. Initially, the composition of the three essential oils, O. compactum (HO), S. officinalis (HS), and S. aromaticum (HC) was analyzed using GC-MS technology, revealing significant differences in the identified compounds. α-thujone emerged as the predominant volatile component in the oils, making up 78.04% of the composition, followed by eugenol, which constituted 72.66% and 11.22% of the HC and HO oils, respectively. To gauge antioxidant capabilities, tests involving DPPH scavenging capacity and total antioxidant capacity were conducted. Antioxidant activity was determined through the phosphomolybdate test and the DPPH• radical scavenging activity, with the HO essential oil displaying significant scavenging capacity (IC50 of 0.12 ± 0.02 mg/mL), similar to ascorbic acid (IC50 of 0.26 ± 0.24 mg/mL). Similarly, the TAC assay for HO oil revealed an IC50 of 1086.81 ± 0.32 µM AAE/mg. Additionally, the oils' effectiveness against four bacterial strains, namely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes, and five fungi, Geotrichum candidum, Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida glabrata, and Candida albicans, was tested in vitro. The examined essential oils generally exhibited limited antimicrobial effects, with the exception of HC oil, which demonstrated an exceptionally impressive level of antifungal activity. In order to clarify the antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal effects of the identified plant compounds, we employed computational methods, specifically molecular docking. This technique involved studying the interactions between these compounds and established protein targets associated with antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- El Hassania Loukili
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (S.O.); (R.T.); (M.R.)
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Safae Ouahabi
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (S.O.); (R.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Mohamed Taibi
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Meryem Idrissi Yahyaoui
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.I.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdeslam Asehraou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.I.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdellah Azougay
- Laboratory of Applied Geosciences (LGA), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (O.A.K.)
| | - Omkulthom Al Kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (O.A.K.)
| | - Mohammad Khalid Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy King Saud University, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bouchra El Guerrouj
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Rachid Touzani
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (S.O.); (R.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Mohammed Ramdani
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (S.O.); (R.T.); (M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Göktürk T, Sakallı Çetin E, Hökelek T, Pekel H, Şensoy Ö, Aksu EN, Güp R. Synthesis, Structural Investigations, DNA/BSA Interactions, Molecular Docking Studies, and Anticancer Activity of a New 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole Derivative. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:31839-31856. [PMID: 37692230 PMCID: PMC10483525 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a new 1,2,3-triazole derivative, namely, 4-((1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, which was synthesized by copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The structure of the compound was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-vis, and elemental analyses. Moreover, X-ray crystallography studies demonstrated that the compound adapted a monoclinic crystal system with the P21/c space group. The dominant interactions formed in the crystal packing were found to be hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions according to Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis. The volume of the crystal voids and the percentage of free spaces in the unit cell were calculated as 152.10 Å3 and 9.80%, respectively. The evaluation of energy frameworks showed that stabilization of the compound was dominated by dispersion energy contributions. Both in vitro and in silico investigations on the DNA/bovine serum albumin (BSA) binding activity of the compound showed that the CT-DNA binding activity of the compound was mediated via intercalation and BSA binding activity was mediated via both polar and hydrophobic interactions. The anticancer activity of the compound was also tested by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using human cell lines including MDA-MB-231, LNCaP, Caco-2, and HEK-293. The compound exhibited more cytotoxic activity than cisplatin and etoposide on Caco-2 cancer cell lines with an IC50 value of 16.63 ± 0.27 μM after 48 h. Annexin V suggests the induction of cell death by apoptosis. Compound 3 significantly increased the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels in Caco-2 cells, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay proved that compound 3 could induce apoptosis by ROS generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Göktürk
- Department
of Chemistry, Muğla Sıtkı
Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Esin Sakallı Çetin
- Department
of Medical Biology, Muğla Sıtkı
Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Tuncer Hökelek
- Department
of Physics, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Hanife Pekel
- Department
of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Özge Şensoy
- Department
of Computer Engineering, Istanbul Medipol
University, 34000 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ebru Nur Aksu
- Department
of Medical Biology, Muğla Sıtkı
Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Ramazan Güp
- Department
of Chemistry, Muğla Sıtkı
Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumar V, Lal K, Kumar R, Kumar A, Mathpati RS, Singh MB, Kumari K. Click synthesis, antimicrobial, DNA photocleavage and computational studies of oxindole-tethered 1 H-1,2,3-triazoles. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:1115-1131. [PMID: 37565342 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To obtain new hybrids derived from isatin and triazole. Materials & methods: A series of oxindole-1-H-1,2,3-triazole hybrids (4a-l) were synthesized from 3-sulfenylated N-propargylated oxindoles and organic azides employing Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. These compounds were evaluated in vitro for antimicrobial activity by the standard serial dilution method and DNA photocleavage activity. Results: Antimicrobial assay revealed that compounds 4l and 4f exhibited promising efficacy against Candida albicans and Rhizopus oryzae, respectively, with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 0.0008 μmol/mL. Compounds 4h and 4k completely degraded plasmid DNA. Further molecular docking of compounds with 1KZN (4j and 4k) and 5TZ1 (4h and 4l) revealed good binding interactions. Conclusion: Results of the current research can help in the development of new antimicrobial agents with high efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Ramling S Mathpati
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
| | - Madhur Babu Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumari
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ouahabi S, Loukili EH, Elbouzidi A, Taibi M, Bouslamti M, Nafidi HA, Salamatullah AM, Saidi N, Bellaouchi R, Addi M, Ramdani M, Bourhia M, Hammouti B. Pharmacological Properties of Chemically Characterized Extracts from Mastic Tree: In Vitro and In Silico Assays. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1393. [PMID: 37374175 DOI: 10.3390/life13061393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The mastic tree, scientifically known as Pistacia lentiscus, which belongs to the Anacardiaceae family, was used in this study. The aim of this research was to analyze the chemical composition of this plant and assess its antioxidant and antibacterial properties using both laboratory experiments and computer simulations through molecular docking, a method that predicts the binding strength of a small molecule to a protein. The soxhlet method (SE) was employed to extract substances from the leaves of P. lentiscus found in the eastern region of Morocco. Hexane and methanol were the solvents used for the extraction process. The n-hexane extract was subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to identify its fatty acid content. The methanolic extract underwent high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) to determine the presence of phenolic compounds. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH spectrophotometric test. The findings revealed that the main components in the n-hexane extract were linoleic acid (40.97 ± 0.33%), oleic acid (23.69 ± 0.12%), and palmitic acid (22.83 ± 0.10%). Catechin (37.05 ± 0.15%) was identified as the predominant compound in the methanolic extract through HPLC analysis. The methanolic extract exhibited significant DPPH radical scavenging, with an IC50 value of 0.26 ± 0.14 mg/mL. The antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria innocua, and Escherichia coli, while the antifungal activity was evaluated against Geotrichum candidum and Rhodotorula glutinis. The P. lentiscus extract demonstrated notable antimicrobial effects. Additionally, apart from molecular docking, other important factors, such as drug similarity, drug metabolism and distribution within the body, potential adverse effects, and impact on bodily systems, were considered for the substances derived from P. lentiscus. Scientific algorithms, such as Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS), Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion (ADME), and Pro-Tox II, were utilized for this assessment. The results obtained from this research support the traditional medicinal usage of P. lentiscus and suggest its potential for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safae Ouahabi
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - El Hassania Loukili
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Taibi
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bouslamti
- Laboratories of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nezha Saidi
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Reda Bellaouchi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ramdani
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
| | - Belkheir Hammouti
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kumar A, Lal K, Kumar V, Murtaza M, Jaglan S, Paul AK, Yadav S, Kumari K. Synthesis, antimicrobial, antibiofilm and computational studies of isatin-semicarbazone tethered 1,2,3-triazoles. Bioorg Chem 2023; 133:106388. [PMID: 36736034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In present era, heterocyclic compounds containing two or three nitrogen atoms play a vital role in drug discovery. In this context, a new class of isatin-semicarbazone tethered 1,2,3-triazole hybrids was synthesized via Cu(I)-mediated azide alkyne cycloaddition reaction. Structural characteristics of the newly derived compounds were identified by various spectral techniques like FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Synthesized derivatives were also screened for in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against different microbial species. Triazole hybrid 7e showed significant efficacy towards E. coli having MIC of 0.0063 µmol/mL, whereas 6a, 6b, 7a, 7c, 7e, and 7f showed highest percentage of biofilm inhibition against P. aeruginosa. Bioassay results suggested that these triazole hybrids could act as biomaterial for antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications and may constitute a new promising class of antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents. These results were further supported by in silico docking, DFT calculations and ADME studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India.
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Mohd Murtaza
- Fermentation & Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sundeep Jaglan
- Fermentation & Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Avijit Kumar Paul
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumari
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Taibi M, Elbouzidi A, Ou-Yahia D, Dalli M, Bellaouchi R, Tikent A, Roubi M, Gseyra N, Asehraou A, Hano C, Addi M, El Guerrouj B, Chaabane K. Assessment of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Ptychotis verticillata Duby Essential Oil from Eastern Morocco: An In Vitro and In Silico Analysis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040655. [PMID: 37107017 PMCID: PMC10135233 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ptychotis verticillata Duby, referred to as Nûnkha in the local language, is a medicinal plant that is native to Morocco. This particular plant is a member of the Apiaceae family and has a longstanding history in traditional medicine and has been utilized for therapeutic purposes by practitioners for generations. The goal of this research is to uncover the phytochemical makeup of the essential oil extracted from P. verticillata, which is indigenous to the Touissite region in Eastern Morocco. The extraction of the essential oil of P. verticillata (PVEO) was accomplished through the use of hydro-distillation via a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical profile of the essential oil was then determined through analysis utilizing gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The study findings indicated that the essential oil of P. verticillata is composed primarily of Carvacrol (37.05%), D-Limonene (22.97%), γ-Terpinene (15.97%), m-Cymene (12.14%) and Thymol (8.49%). The in vitro antioxidant potential of PVEO was evaluated using two methods: the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical trapping assay and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. The data demonstrated considerable radical scavenging and relative antioxidative power. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria innocua, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most susceptible bacterial strains tested, while Geotrichum candidum, Candida albicans, and Rhodotorula glutinis were the most resilient fungi strains. PVEO had broad-spectrum antifungal and antibacterial properties. To elucidate the antioxidative and antibacterial characteristics of the identified molecules, we applied the methodology of molecular docking, a computational approach that forecasts the binding of a small molecule to a protein. Additionally, we utilized the Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) algorithm; Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME); and Pro-Tox II (to predict the toxicity in silico) tests to demonstrate PVEO’s identified compounds’ drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic properties, the anticipated safety features after ingestion, and the potential pharmacological activity. Finally, our findings scientifically confirm the ethnomedicinal usage and usefulness of this plant, which may be a promising source for future pharmaceutical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Taibi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Douaae Ou-Yahia
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Dalli
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed The First, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Reda Bellaouchi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Aziz Tikent
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Roubi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Nadia Gseyra
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Abdeslam Asehraou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, University of Orleans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Bouchra El Guerrouj
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Khalid Chaabane
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yadav A, Kaushik C, Kumar M. Hydrazones tethered disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles: design, synthesis, antitubercular and antimicrobial evaluation. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
|
11
|
Desai NC, Joshi SB, Khasiya AG, Jadeja DJ, Mehta HK, Pandya M, Ahmad I, Patel H. Pyrazolo-imidazolidinones: Synthesis, antimicrobial assessment and molecular modelling studies by molecular mechanic and quantum mechanic approach. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
12
|
Deng C, Yan H, Wang J, Liu K, Liu BS, Shi YM. 1,2,3-Triazole-containing hybrids with potential antibacterial activity against ESKAPE pathogens. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
13
|
Saroha B, Kumar G, Kumar R, Kumari M, Kumar S. A minireview of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids with O-heterocycles as leads in medicinal chemistry. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:843-869. [PMID: 34592059 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the dynamic progress in the synthesis and screening of heterocyclic compounds against various targets has made a significant contribution in the field of medicinal chemistry. Among the wide array of heterocyclic compounds, triazole moiety has attracted the attention of researchers owing to its vast therapeutic potential and easy preparation via copper and ruthenium-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions. Triazole skeletons are found as major structural components in a different class of drugs possessing diverse pharmacological profiles including anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-tubercular, and anti-depressant among various others. Furthermore, in the past few years, a significantly large number of triazole hybrids were synthesized with various heterocyclic moieties in order to gain the added advantage of the improved pharmacological profile, overcoming the multiple drug resistance and reduced toxicity from molecular hybridization. Among these synthesized triazole hybrids, many compounds are available commercially and used for treating different infections/disorders like tazobactam and cefatrizine as potent anti-bacterial agents while isavuconazole and ravuconazole as anti-fungal activities to name a few. In this review, we will summarize the biological activities of various 1,2,3-triazole hybrids with copious oxygen-containing heterocycles as lead compounds in medicinal chemistry. This review will be very helpful for researchers working in the field of molecular modeling, drug design and development, and medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavna Saroha
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Gourav Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Meena Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College for Women Badhra, Charkhi Dadri, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Phenylhydrazone linked 1,2,3-triazole hybrids: synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies as dual inhibitors of DNA gyrase and lanosterol 14-α demethylase. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
15
|
Yadav M, Lal K, Kumar A, Kumar A, Kumar D. Indole-chalcone linked 1,2,3-triazole hybrids: Facile synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies as potential antimicrobial agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
16
|
Meng XW, Wei YY, Nong BL, Zhao HJ, Zhang XX. Design, synthesis, and anticancer activity evaluation of curcumol derivatives. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:556-568. [PMID: 34236240 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2021.1947255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A new series of C-14 curcumol derivatives as potent anticancer agents were designed and synthesized by click reaction, whose structures were confirmed by 1H NMR,13C NMR, and HRMS analysis. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro antitumor activity against colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and HCT116. Most of them exhibited higher inhibitory activity than curcumol. Especially, compound 3j shows good inhibitory activity against SW620 with IC50 value of 8.10 ± 0.13 μM. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) of these derivatives were discussed. In addition, flow cytometry revealed that compound 3j induced SW620 cells apoptosis by facilitating apoptosis-related proteins expressions. Our findings suggested that fluorine functional group on phenyl ring tended to increase the anticancer activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Wei Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ying-Ying Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Bin-Lu Nong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hua-Jun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xing-Xian Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies of fluorinated imine linked 1,2,3-triazoles. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [PMCID: PMC9146814 DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04737-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A diverse series of imine linked 1,2,3-triazole hybrids has been synthesized via Cu(I)-promoted click reaction, with an aim to develop some new antimicrobial molecules. The structural characterization of the synthesized triazole hybrids was accomplished using various spectral techniques like 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR and HRMS. Among the synthesized hybrids, 7d exhibited highest antimicrobial efficacy against R. oryzae and S. aureus with MIC of 0.0123 µmol/mL and 0.0061 µmol/mL, respectively. Docking studies of the terminal alkynes (4a, 4b) and triazole hybrids (6a, 6d, 7c, 7g) showing high potency towards E. coli DNA gyrase and C. albicans sterol 14-α demethylase were also undertaken to understand the binding behaviour.
Collapse
|
18
|
Jagadeesan S, Karpagam S. Docking Investigation on Bis (Nitro Indazolyl) Methanes; Synthesis and
Antimicrobial Activity Towards Breast Cancer Applications. LETT ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178618666210204110358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate (BN) was found to be a mild and efficient catalyst for the electrophilic condensation of 5-nitroindazole with a wide range of aldehydes to obtain Bis (5-nitro indazolyl) methanes 3 (a-h) at ambient
temperature. This was structurally confirmed from FTIR, NMR, and HR-MS technique. Molecular docking studies of all
compounds was carried out using breast cancer-causing human estrogen receptor (ER) from Molegro Virtual Docker software. Hydroxy Bis (nitro indazolyl) methanes (3b) were shown better binding affinities and the score obtained was -150.146
Kcal/mol compared with Tamoxifen drug. The major H-bond interactions were observed with the compound 3f and the
value was -5.679. The antimicrobial activity results revealed that compounds 3b and 3d showed promising activity against
bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and maximum inhibition against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. Methoxy derivatives of Bis (nitro indazolyl methanes) (3e) have
shown better antioxidant activity and low MIC (6.25 µg/ml) observed for the compounds 3a and 3b. The synthesized compounds have a very promising starting point for the development and improvement of anti-breast cancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Jagadeesan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, TN, India
| | - S. Karpagam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, TN, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kandsi F, Elbouzidi A, Lafdil FZ, Meskali N, Azghar A, Addi M, Hano C, Maleb A, Gseyra N. Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin and Clemants Essential Oils: Experimental and Computational Approaches. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040482. [PMID: 35453233 PMCID: PMC9031865 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin and Clemants, also known as Mexican tea, and locally known as Mkhinza, is a polymorphic annual and perennial herb, and it is widely used in folk medicine to treat a broad range of illnesses in Morocco. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical content and the antioxidant and the antibacterial properties of essential oils isolated from D. ambrosioides aerial components, growing in Eastern Morocco (Figuig). Hydrodistillation was used to separate D. ambrosioides essential oils, and the abundance of each phytocompound was determined by using Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). In vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and inhibition of β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assays were used to determine D. ambrosioides essential oils’ antioxidant activity. The findings revealed relative antioxidative power and modest radical scavenging. The antibacterial activity of the essential oils was broad-spectrum, with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis as the most susceptible strains tested. To elucidate the physicochemical nature, drug-likeness, and the antioxidant and antibacterial action of the identified phytocomponents, computational techniques, such as ADMET analysis, and molecular docking were used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Kandsi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (F.K.); (F.Z.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (A.E.); (N.M.)
| | - Fatima Zahra Lafdil
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (F.K.); (F.Z.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Nada Meskali
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (A.E.); (N.M.)
| | - Ali Azghar
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Oujda 60000, Morocco; (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (A.E.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (C.H.)
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, University of Orleans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
- Le StudiumInstitue for Advanced Studies, 1 Rue Dupanloup, 45000 Orléans, France
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (C.H.)
| | - Adil Maleb
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Oujda 60000, Morocco; (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Nadia Gseyra
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (F.K.); (F.Z.L.); (N.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
1,3-Phenylene-based symmetrical bis(urea-1,2,3-triazole) hybrids: Synthesis, antimicrobial and in silico studies as 14α-sterol demethylase inhibitors. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
22
|
Synthesis, antifungal studies, molecular docking, ADME and DNA interaction studies of 4-hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole linked 1,2,3-triazoles. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
23
|
Kumar L, Lal K, Kumar A, Paul AK, Kumar A. Pyrazoline tethered 1,2,3-triazoles: Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and in silico studies. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
24
|
Poonia N, Lal K, Kumar A, Kumar A, Sahu S, Baidya ATK, Kumar R. Urea-thiazole/benzothiazole hybrids with a triazole linker: synthesis, antimicrobial potential, pharmacokinetic profile and in silico mechanistic studies. Mol Divers 2021; 26:2375-2391. [PMID: 34671895 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Some urea-thiazole/benzothiazole hybrids with a triazole linker were synthesized via Cu(I)-catalysed click reaction. After successfully analysed by various spectral techniques including FTIR, NMR and HRMS, antimicrobial screening of the synthesized hybrids along with their precursors was carried out against two Gram (+) bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus endophyticus), two Gram (-) bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens) and two fungi (Candida albicans and Rhizopus oryzae). All the synthesized compounds (4a-4l) displayed better biological response than the standard fluconazole against both of the tested fungi. Compounds 4h and 4j were found to be the most active compounds against R. oryzae and C. albicans, respectively. Molecular docking of hybrid 4j and its alkyne precursor 1b in the active site of C. albicans target sterol 14-α demethylase was also performed and was also supported by molecular dynamics studies. In silico ADME prediction of synthesized urea-thiazole/benzothiazole hybrids with a triazole linker and their alkyne precursors was also predicted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Poonia
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India.
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Srikanta Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Jatni, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Anurag T K Baidya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, (B.H.U.), U.P., Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, (B.H.U.), U.P., Varanasi, 221005, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nehra N, Tittal RK, Ghule VD. 1,2,3-Triazoles of 8-Hydroxyquinoline and HBT: Synthesis and Studies (DNA Binding, Antimicrobial, Molecular Docking, ADME, and DFT). ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27089-27100. [PMID: 34693129 PMCID: PMC8529673 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new series of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids containing either 2- or 4-hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole (2- or 4-HBT) and naphthalen-1-ol or 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) was synthesized in high yields and fully characterized. In vitro DNA binding studies with herring fish sperm DNA (hs-DNA) showed that quinoline- and 2-HBT-linked 1,2,3-triazoles of shorter alkyl linkers such as 6a are better with a high binding affinity (3.90 × 105 L mol-1) with hs-DNA as compared to naphthol- and 4-HBT-linked 1,2,3-triazoles bound to longer alkyl linkers. Molecular docking of most active 1,2,3-triazoles 6a-f showed high binding energy of 6a (-8.7 kcal mol-1). Also, compound 6a displayed considerable antibacterial activity and superior antifungal activity with reference to ciprofloxacin and fluconazole, respectively. The docking results of the fungal enzyme lanosterol 14-α-demethylase showed high binding energy for 6a (-9.7 kcal mol-1) involving dominating H-bonds, electrostatic interaction, and hydrophobic interaction. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameter, Molinspiration bioactivity score, and the PreADMET properties revealed that most of the synthesized 1,2,3-triazole molecules possess desirable physicochemical properties for drug-likeness and may be considered as orally active potential drugs. The electrophilicity index and chemical hardness properties were also studied by density functional theory (DFT) using the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level/basis set.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Nehra
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Ram Kumar Tittal
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Vikas D. Ghule
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Investigation of Structures, QTAIM, RDG, ADMET, and docking properties of SASC compound using experimental and theoretical approach. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
27
|
Nehra N, Kumar Tittal R, Ghule VD, Kumar N, Kumar Paul A, Lal K, Kumar A. CuAAC Mediated Synthesis of 2‐HBT Linked Bioactive 1,2,3‐Triazole Hybrids: Investigations through Fluorescence, DNA Binding, Molecular Docking, ADME Predictions and DFT Study. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Nehra
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India
| | - Ram Kumar Tittal
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India
| | - Vikas D. Ghule
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India
| | - Nikhil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India
| | - Avijit Kumar Paul
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of Chemistry GJUS&T, Hisar Haryana 125001 India
| | - Ashwini Kumar
- Department of of Pharmaceutical Sciences GJUS&T, Hisar Haryana 125001 India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yadav P, Lal K, Kumar A. Antimicrobial Screening, in Silico Studies and QSAR of Chalcone-based 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole Hybrids. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2020; 71:149-156. [PMID: 33285581 DOI: 10.1055/a-1296-7751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro antimicrobial properties of some chalcones (1A-1C: ) and chalcone tethred 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles (2A-2U: ) towards different microbial strains viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans are reported. Compounds 2G: and 2U: exhibited better potency than the standard Fluconazole with MIC values of 0.0063 µmol/mL and 0.0068 µmol/mL, respectively. Furthermore, molecular docking was performed to investigate the binding modes of two potent compounds 2Q: and 2G: with E. coli topoisomerase II DNA gyrase B and C. albicans lanosterol 14α-demethylase, respectively. Based on these results, a statistically significant quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model was successfully summarized for antibacterial activity against B. subtilis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pinki Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kumar S, Sharma B, Mehra V, Kumar V. Recent accomplishments on the synthetic/biological facets of pharmacologically active 1H-1,2,3-triazoles. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 212:113069. [PMID: 33388593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The continuous demand of medicinally important scaffolds has prompted the synthetic chemists to identify simple and efficient routes for their synthesis. 1H-1,2,3-triazole, obtained by highly versatile, efficacious and selective "Click Reaction" has become a synthetic/medicinal chemist's favorite not only because of its ability to mimic different functional groups but also due to enhancement in the targeted biological activities. Triazole ring has also been shown to play a critical role in biomolecular mimetics, fragment-based drug design, and bioorthogonal methodologies. In addition, the availability of triazole containing drugs such as fluconazole, furacyclin, etizolam, voriconazole, triozolam etc. in market has underscored the potential of this biologically enriched core in expediting development of new scaffolds. The present review, therefore, is an attempt to highlight the recent synthetic/biological advancements in triazole derivatives that could facilitate the in-depth understanding of its role in the drug discovery process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Bharvi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Vishu Mehra
- Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rani S, Kamra N, Kumar D, Kumar A. Efficient Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis, In Vitro Antimicrobial Evaluation of Furo[3,2‐c]pyrones and Furo[3,2‐c]coumarins along with Molecular Docking Studies. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Rani
- Department of Chemistry Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology Hisar 125001, Haryana India
| | - Nisha Kamra
- Department of Chemistry Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology Hisar 125001, Haryana India
| | - Devinder Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology Hisar 125001, Haryana India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology Hisar 125001, Haryana India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Poonia N, Lal K, Kumar A. Design, synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and in silico studies of symmetrical bis (urea-1,2,3-triazole) hybrids. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04318-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
32
|
Tittal RK, Ghule VD, Yadav P, Lal K, Kumar A. Synthesis, antimicrobial potency with in silico study of Boc-leucine-1,2,3-triazoles. Steroids 2020; 161:108675. [PMID: 32531313 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A library of N-Boc protected Leucine-linked 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles was synthesized and fully characterized, in high yield via copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. In vitro antibacterial activity showed that compound 4h found to be more potent than the reference drug Ciprofloxacin (MIC: 0.0196 µmol/mL) against tested bacterial strains S. entrica, B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli and P. auroginosa with MIC: 0.0148, 0.0074, 0.0148, 0.0074, and 0.0074 µmol/mL, respectively and antifungal activity with MIC: 0.0148 µmol/mL as compared to reference drug Fluconazole (MIC: 0.0102 µmol/mL) against A. niger and C. albicans fungal strains. Further, the molecular docking study on 4h and its predecessor alkyne 3 by choosing E. coli topoisomerase II, DNA Gyrase (PDB ID: 1KZN) showed better binding with triazole than alkyne and these results were supported by DFT study using B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) basis set.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Kumar Tittal
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
| | - Vikas D Ghule
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Pinki Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology (GJUS&T), Hisar, Haryana 12500, India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology (GJUS&T), Hisar, Haryana 12500, India.
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana 12500, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Badar AD, Sulakhe SM, Muluk MB, Rehman NNMA, Dixit PP, Choudhari PB, Rekha EM, Sriram D, Haval KP. Synthesis of isoniazid‐1,2,3‐triazole conjugates: Antitubercular, antimicrobial evaluation and molecular docking study. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adinath D. Badar
- Department of Chemistry Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus Osmanabad India
| | - Shubham M. Sulakhe
- Department of Chemistry Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus Osmanabad India
| | - Mahesh B. Muluk
- Department of Chemistry Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus Osmanabad India
| | - Naziya N. M. A. Rehman
- Department of Microbiology Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus Osmanabad India
| | - Prashant P. Dixit
- Department of Microbiology Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus Osmanabad India
| | - Prafulla B. Choudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy Kolhapur India
| | - Estharla Madhu Rekha
- Department of Pharmacy Birla Institute of Technology and Science‐Pilani Hyderabad India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Department of Pharmacy Birla Institute of Technology and Science‐Pilani Hyderabad India
| | - Kishan P. Haval
- Department of Chemistry Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus Osmanabad India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Naveen, Kumar Tittal R, Vikas GD, Rani P, Lal K, Kumar A. Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activity, Molecular Docking and DFT Study: Aryl‐Carbamic Acid 1‐Benzyl‐1
H
‐[1,2,3]Triazol‐4‐ylmethyl Esters. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India
| | - Ram Kumar Tittal
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India
| | - Ghule D. Vikas
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India
| | - Poonam Rani
- Department of ChemistryGJUS&T, Hisar Haryana 125001 India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of ChemistryGJUS&T, Hisar Haryana 125001 India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GJUS&T Hisar Haryana 12500 India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Naveen, Tittal RK, Ghule VD, Kumar N, Kumar L, Lal K, Kumar A. Design, synthesis, biological activity, molecular docking and computational studies on novel 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-Triazole-Thiosemicarbazone hybrid molecules. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
36
|
Deswal S, Naveen, Tittal RK, Ghule Vikas D, Lal K, Kumar A. 5-Fluoro-1H-indole-2,3-dione-triazoles- synthesis, biological activity, molecular docking, and DFT study. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
37
|
Fesatidou M, Petrou A, Athina G. Heterocycle Compounds with Antimicrobial Activity. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:867-904. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200206093815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background:Bacterial infections are a growing problem worldwide causing morbidity and mortality mainly in developing countries. Moreover, the increased number of microorganisms, developing multiple resistances to known drugs, due to abuse of antibiotics, is another serious problem. This problem becomes more serious for immunocompromised patients and those who are often disposed to opportunistic fungal infections.Objective:The objective of this manuscript is to give an overview of new findings in the field of antimicrobial agents among five-membered heterocyclic compounds. These heterocyclic compounds especially five-membered attracted the interest of the scientific community not only for their occurrence in nature but also due to their wide range of biological activities.Method:To reach our goal, a literature survey that covers the last decade was performed.Results:As a result, recent data on the biological activity of thiazole, thiazolidinone, benzothiazole and thiadiazole derivatives are mentioned.Conclusion:It should be mentioned that despite the progress in the development of new antimicrobial agents, there is still room for new findings. Thus, research still continues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fesatidou
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Anthi Petrou
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Geronikaki Athina
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Erol M, Celik I, Temiz-Arpaci O, Goker H, Kaynak-Onurdag F, Okten S. 1 H-Benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine derivatives: design, synthesis, molecular docking, DFT and antimicrobial studies. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01899f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
15 new 1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine derivatives were synthesized, their antimicrobial effects were evaluated, and molecular docking and DFT studies were performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Erol
- Erciyes University
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Kayseri
- Turkey
| | - Ismail Celik
- Erciyes University
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Kayseri
- Turkey
| | - Ozlem Temiz-Arpaci
- Ankara University
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Hakan Goker
- Ankara University
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Fatma Kaynak-Onurdag
- Trakya University
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology
- Edirne
- Turkey
| | - Suzan Okten
- Trakya University
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology
- Edirne
- Turkey
| |
Collapse
|