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Behera S, Balasubramanian S. Molecular simulations explain the exceptional thermal stability, solvent tolerance and solubility of protein-polymer surfactant bioconjugates in ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21904-21915. [PMID: 36065955 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02636h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Proteins complexed electrostatically with polymer surfactants constitute a viscous liquid by themselves, called the solvent-free protein liquid (SFPL). A solution of SFPL in a room temperature ionic liquid (PS-IL) offers the protein hyperthermal stability, higher solubility and greater IL tolerance. A generic understanding of these protein-polymer systems is obtained herein through extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of three different enzymes (lipase A, lysozyme and myoglobin) under various conditions. Along with increased intra-protein hydrogen bonding, the surfactant coating around the proteins imparts greater thermal stability, and also aids in screening protein-IL interactions, endowing them IL tolerance. The reduced surface polarity of the protein-polymer bioconjugate and hydrogen bonding between the ethylene glycol groups of the surfactant and the IL cation contribute to the facile solvation of the protein in its PS-IL form. The results presented here rationalize several experimental observations and will aid in the improved design of such hybrid materials for sustainable catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Behera
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560 064, India.
| | - Sundaram Balasubramanian
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560 064, India.
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Atkins DL, Magana JR, Sproncken CCM, van Hest JCM, Voets IK. Single Enzyme Nanoparticles with Improved Biocatalytic Activity through Protein Entrapment in a Surfactant Shell. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1159-1166. [PMID: 33630590 PMCID: PMC7944482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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A polymeric corona
consisting of an alkyl-glycolic acid ethoxylate
(CXEOY) surfactant
offers a promising approach toward endowing proteins with thermotropic
phase behavior and hyperthermal activity. Typically, preparation of
protein–surfactant biohybrids is performed via chemical modification of acidic residues followed by electrostatic
conjugation of an anionic surfactant to encapsulate single proteins.
While this procedure has been applied to a broad range of proteins,
modification of acidic residues may be detrimental to function for
specific enzymes. Herein, we report on the one-pot preparation of
biohybrids via covalent conjugation of surfactants
to accessible lysine residues. We entrap the model enzyme hen egg-white
lysozyme (HEWL) in a shell of carboxyl-functionalized C12EO10 or C12EO22 surfactants. With
fewer surfactants, our covalent biohybrids display similar thermotropic
phase behavior to their electrostatically conjugated analogues. Through
a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering and circular dichroism
spectroscopy, we find that both classes of biohybrids consist of a
folded single-protein core decorated by surfactants. Whilst traditional
biohybrids retain densely packed surfactant coronas, our biohybrids
display a less dense and heterogeneously distributed surfactant coverage
located opposite to the catalytic cleft of HEWL. In solution, this
surfactant coating permits 7- or 3.5-fold improvements in activity
retention for biohybrids containing C12EO10 or
C12EO22, respectively. The reported alternative
pathway for biohybrid preparation offers a new horizon to expand upon
the library of proteins for which functional biohybrid materials can
be prepared. We also expect that an improved understanding of the
distribution of tethered surfactants in the corona will be crucial
for future structure–function investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan L Atkins
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J Rodrigo Magana
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Christian C M Sproncken
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ilja K Voets
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Brogan APS. Preparation and application of solvent-free liquid proteins with enhanced thermal and anhydrous stabilities. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00467k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This perspective details a robust chemical modification strategy to protect proteins from temperature, aggregation, and non-aqueous environments.
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Wei TB, Dong HQ, Ma XQ, Yang QY, Wang ZH, Guan WL, Zhang YF, Zhang YM, Yao H, Lin Q. A novel photochemical sensor based on quinoline-functionalized phenazine derivatives for multiple substrate detection. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06175a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel photochemical sensor based on quinoline-functionalized phenazine derivatives for highly sensitive detection of multiple substrates (l-Arg, CO2, and pH) was designed and synthesized.
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Magana JR, Sproncken CCM, Voets IK. On Complex Coacervate Core Micelles: Structure-Function Perspectives. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1953. [PMID: 32872312 PMCID: PMC7565781 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-assembly of ionic-neutral block copolymers with oppositely charged species produces nanometric colloidal complexes, known, among other names, as complex coacervates core micelles (C3Ms). C3Ms are of widespread interest in nanomedicine for controlled delivery and release, whilst research activity into other application areas, such as gelation, catalysis, nanoparticle synthesis, and sensing, is increasing. In this review, we discuss recent studies on the functional roles that C3Ms can fulfil in these and other fields, focusing on emerging structure-function relations and remaining knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ilja K. Voets
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (J.R.M.); (C.C.M.S.)
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